CN105210517B - A kind of cleaning device of scratching air-flowing type seeder - Google Patents

A kind of cleaning device of scratching air-flowing type seeder Download PDF

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CN105210517B
CN105210517B CN201510657195.1A CN201510657195A CN105210517B CN 105210517 B CN105210517 B CN 105210517B CN 201510657195 A CN201510657195 A CN 201510657195A CN 105210517 B CN105210517 B CN 105210517B
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seed
clear
cleaning device
air
pipe
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CN105210517A (en
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李志伟
张静
吕莹
吴钢
刘皞春
孙芳媛
周士琳
韦钟继
胡裕
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South China Agricultural University
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South China Agricultural University
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Abstract

The present invention discloses a kind of cleaning device of scratching air-flowing type seeder, and on the barrel of feed mechanism for seed, cleaning device includes that least one set plants clearly pipe, clear to plant the external air supply system of pipe;Clear pipe of planting plants body, air tube, screw thread rotating the needle head, seed adjustment pin and quick connector including clear, on the clear face of cylinder for planting body, side is distributed with multiple screw thread rotating the needle heads, opposite side is provided with quick connector, each screw thread rotating the needle head is correspondingly provided with an air tube and a seed adjustment pin, screw thread rotating the needle head, air tube and seed adjustment pin are sequentially connected, the external air supply system of quick connector.This cleaning device combines aerodynamic force kind and machine power clearly and plants clearly, clear kind effect is good, the clear kind of achievable granule circle seed and the flat seed of granule, make feed mechanism for seed be used for the sowing of the granules such as Brassica campestris L. ssp.chinensis circle seed, the sowing of the flat seed of the granules such as Fructus Lycopersici esculenti is can be suitably used for again, single seeded precision drilling is capable of achieving, increases the qualification rate of seeding.

Description

A kind of cleaning device of scratching air-flowing type seeder
Technical field
The present invention relates to sowing of vegetable machinery technical field, the clear kind dress of more particularly to a kind of scratching air-flowing type seeder Put.
Background technology
Sowing of vegetable nursery is an important technical links in vegetable production process, is sowed using mechanical sock growing nursery hole tray Operation can save substantial amounts of labor cost and improve production efficiency.Vegetable precise sowing machinery is that the current agricultural machinery of China grinds One of heat subject studied carefully, and pneumatic drum type vegetable-seed planter is the critical component for realizing precise sowing.
Pneumatic drum type granule vegetable seeds feed mechanism for seed is difficult to fully achieve single seeded precision drilling at present, in order to increase The qualification rate of big seeding, the general method for inhaling kind of negative pressure using increase, this kind of method reduce the empty kind rate of feed mechanism for seed, while Many rates of feed mechanism for seed are increased, and the method are prevented from the qualification rate that increases feed mechanism for seed with the increase of kind of negative pressure is inhaled always, with The continuation increase for inhaling kind of negative pressure, the qualification rate of seeding can be also reduced.According to above-mentioned theory, adopt higher suction kind negative pressure with Reduce the empty kind rate of suction hole, increase suction hole and take the stability planted, while unnecessary seed is removed by increasing clear link of planting, Many rates are reduced, higher seeding accuracy is capable of achieving.But if it is unnecessary on suction hole to be removed using barotropic gas jetting method Seed, current rate are big to clear influential effect of planting, especially for the clear kind effect base of the flat seed of the granules such as Fructus Lycopersici esculenti, Fructus Capsici Originally the technical requirements of feed mechanism for seed precision drilling are not reached.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided a kind of clear kind dress of scratching air-flowing type seeder Put, the device is capable of achieving the clear kind of granule circle seed and the flat seed of granule, make feed mechanism for seed be used for the granules such as Brassica campestris L. ssp.chinensis circle The sowing of shape seed, can be suitably used for the sowing of the flat seed of the granules such as Fructus Lycopersici esculenti again, be capable of achieving single seeded precision drilling, increase The qualification rate of seeding.
The technical scheme is that:A kind of cleaning device of scratching air-flowing type seeder, located at the barrel of feed mechanism for seed On, cleaning device includes that least one set plants clearly pipe, clear to plant the external air supply system of pipe;Clear pipe of planting plants body, air tube, screw thread including clear Rotating the needle head, seed adjustment pin and quick connector, on the clear face of cylinder for planting body, side is distributed with multiple screw thread rotating the needle heads, and opposite side sets There is quick connector, each screw thread rotating the needle head is correspondingly provided with an air tube and a seed adjustment pin, screw thread rotating the needle head, air tube and seed adjustment pin It is sequentially connected, the external air supply system of quick connector.
The structure of the seed adjustment pin is cylinder, and between seed adjustment pin and the endoporus of air tube, gap coordinates, and seed adjustment pin is in air tube Endoporus in move back and forth, during work seed adjustment pin under the airflow function inside air tube with barrel surface float contact.
The clear kind of body is cylindrical pipe member of the middle part with through hole, and clear body of planting is respectively arranged at two ends with screw plug, clearly It is malleation chamber to plant the through hole in the middle part of body, and clear body both sides of planting are connected by screwed hole and screw thread rotating the needle head and quick connector respectively Connect.The pressure of malleation chamber is more than external pressure, and malleation air-flow is flowed out by the gap of air tube and seed adjustment pin.It is clear to plant Guan Shangqi The number of pin is consistent with the suction hole number of genesis analysis on barrel, seed adjustment pin empty set in air tube endoporus, with air tube endoporus Gap coordinates, and can move back and forth in air tube.
On the clear kind of body, it is air flow inlet at quick connector, at each screw thread rotating the needle head, forms the air-flow of ring section Outlet.Air supply system is mainly made up of trachea and malleation source of the gas, and quick connector is connected with malleation source of the gas by trachea.
It is movable connection between the cleaning device and barrel.
The barrel side is provided with leads kind of a plate, and cleaning device is located at and leads above kind of plate;It is clear to plant in pipe, air tube end and rolling 0.9~1.2 times for seed largest cross-sectional sized of the distance of drum surface.
The axis of the air tube is perpendicular with the tangent line on barrel surface.Air tube is basically perpendicular to barrel surface is pacified Dress, air tube are slightly larger than the height (diameter or the maximum in flat seed section of i.e. circular seed of seed with the mounting distance of cylinder Size), it is to avoid there is seed and be stuck between air tube and barrel surface, cause the seed on suction hole to be below all eliminated. In air tube endoporus, seed adjustment pin hangs on barrel surface under self gravitation effect, seed adjustment pin empty set.Seed adjustment pin and cylinder table Face constitutes movable connection, and when the drum turns, seed adjustment pin slides in cylinder surface.
Used as a kind of preferred version, the cleaning device includes that two groups are planted clearly pipe, and the respectively first clear pipe of planting is clear with second Pipe is planted, and, for Heterogeneous Permutation being put on barrel, each is clear for the seed adjustment on the first clear seed adjustment pin planted on pipe and the second clear kind pipe The bottom for planting the upper all seed adjustment pins of pipe is located on the same bus of barrel, and two neighboring clear kind manages corresponding two rows seed adjustment pin Bottom respectively positioned at barrel two different buses on, the 5~12mm of arc length between two buses, it is to avoid two air tubes Air-flow influence each other, two seed adjustment pins are acted on simultaneously on the seed group on suction hole, to seed pinching, so that emptying completely Seed on suction hole, increases empty kind rate.
The bus is the axial dummy line on the barrel face of cylinder.
Multiple suction holes are distributed with the face of cylinder of the barrel, the string suction hole on same circumference on barrel Two clear two seed adjustment pins for planting pipe are respectively correspondingly arranged in, two seed adjustment pins are located at the left side per string suction hole place circumference respectively Right both sides, the bottom of two seed adjustment pins are seed largest cross-sectional sized to the distance of correspondence suction hole place circumferential section 0.50~0.65 times.Half of the seed adjustment pin to the bigger about seed height of distance of circumferential section, it is many that such suction hole carries seed In one, seed adjustment pin may encounter a part of seed, and seed leaves suction hole under the collective effect of seed adjustment pin and air-flow, return Fall among leading kind of plate.
When pneumatic drum type feed mechanism for seed works, when suction hole is produced from kind of heap, and when carrying many seeds, plant when inhaling Hole go to it is clear when planting below pipe, the malleation air-flow that seed adjustment pin and air tube flow out is acted on to seed group, make seed near outside from Separate in seed group.The theoretical basiss that cleaning device is mainly planted clearly are:Suction hole produces many kinds of carrying from kind of heap Son, only 3 seeds near 1~2 seed and very little ratio at suction hole center are the quilts in the presence of resistance is streamed On suction hole, remaining seed, is only streamed resistance by very little, at suction hole carrying because apart from suction hole farther out for absorption It is that the reasons such as adhesiveness and cohesiveness by seed are gathered in by the seed of suction kind to plant heap important, forms the seed of small range Group.For circular seed, interseminal polymerization mainly point contact with point, seed and barrel wall are also to contact, kind The cohesive strength and adhesion of son is less, and except the seed adsorbed by aperture in the presence of air-flow, remaining seed is blown off suction Hole is planted, in the presence of self gravitation, is fallen back to and is led in kind of plate.For flat seed, polymerization between seed is mainly face with face Laminating, contact of the seed with barrel contact also a little with a dough-making powder with face, seed are gathered in coming in every shape on aperture, when When contact of the seed with seed or with wall is contact of the face with face, the adhesion and cohesive strength of seed is larger, relies only on air-flow Clear kind is difficult destruction seed and makes interseminal adhesion, makes seed and separates with the seed for being held, if increase throughput, can make one The seed for being held of fixed-ratio and other seeds are together blown off suction hole by air-flow.Therefore, traditional malleation air-flow is planted clearly Method is inapplicable to the flat seed of granule.Seed adjustment pin, seed adjustment pin and population collision are installed in aperture side, due to impact force It is very big, the hundred times of usually usual power, or even thousand of times, population can occur to separate at the point of impingement.Seed adjustment pin and suction hole The bigger about seed height of distance half, make to directly impinge the kind adsorbed by suction hole in seed adjustment pin very maximum probability Son, and the seed of the close seed adjustment pin attached with which can be struck, in the presence of shock, near seed adjustment pin side seed and quilt The seed that suction hole is adsorbed is separated.In the same manner, suction hole opposite side seed adjustment pin clashes into the population on suction hole, and seed is in rum point Generation is separated, and makes to separate with adsorbed seed near seed adjustment pin side seed.If another clear pipe of planting also connects malleation source of the gas, Seed is blown by air-flow while by clashing into, and is knocked detached seed and is blown back kind of a case by malleation source of the gas;If another One clear pipe of planting disconnects malleation source of the gas, and detached seed is possible to can be due to the adhesion of seed and cylinder wall by barrel band To feed mechanism for seed seeding side, seed is fallen in hole tray, cause many of seeding, the method plants clearly effect does not have seed adjustment pin and air-flow Collective effect effect is good.Said apparatus are combined with aerodynamic force kind and machine power clearly and plant clearly, and clear effect of planting is good, is filled by clear kind The ratio removed from suction hole entirely by the seed put clear kind and cause is relatively low, it is adaptable to which pneumatic drum type feed mechanism for seed is justified to granule The precision metering device of the aspherical seeds such as the flat seed of shape seed, granule.
The present invention is had the advantages that relative to prior art:
The cleaning device of this scratching air-flowing type seeder combines aerodynamic force kind and machine power clearly and plants clearly, plants clearly effect Good, the ratio removed from suction hole entirely by the seed planted clearly and caused by cleaning device is relatively low, is capable of achieving granule circle seed With the clear kind of the flat seed of granule, make feed mechanism for seed be used for the sowing of the granules such as Brassica campestris L. ssp.chinensis circle seed, can be suitably used for Fructus Lycopersici esculenti again Deng the sowing of the flat seed of granule, single seeded precision drilling is capable of achieving, increases the qualification rate of seeding.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is one group of structural representation for planting clearly pipe in this cleaning device.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of single seed adjustment pin, air tube and screw thread rotating the needle head in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is structural representation when this cleaning device is applied to seeder.
Principle schematics of the Fig. 4 for Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is distributed in the principle schematic on suction hole for seed adjustment pin in Fig. 4.
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention not limited to this.
Embodiment 1
A kind of cleaning device of scratching air-flowing type seeder of the present embodiment, as shown in figure 3, located at the barrel 1 of feed mechanism for seed On, cleaning device includes that least one set plants clearly pipe 2, clear to plant the external air supply system of pipe;As shown in figure 1, clear pipe of planting plants pipe including clear Body 8, air tube 6, screw thread rotating the needle head 7, seed adjustment pin 5 and quick connector 9, on the clear face of cylinder for planting body, side is distributed with multiple spiral shells Stricture of vagina rotating the needle head, opposite side are provided with quick connector, and each screw thread rotating the needle head is correspondingly provided with an air tube and a seed adjustment pin, and screw thread turns Syringe needle, air tube and seed adjustment pin are sequentially connected, the external air supply system of quick connector.Air supply system is mainly by trachea and malleation source of the gas group Into quick connector is connected with malleation source of the gas by trachea.
The structure of seed adjustment pin is cylinder, and between seed adjustment pin and the endoporus of air tube, gap coordinates, and seed adjustment pin is in air tube Move back and forth in hole, during work, seed adjustment pin is floated with barrel surface under the airflow function inside air tube and contacted.It is clear to plant Body is cylindrical pipe member of the middle part with through hole, and clear body of planting is respectively arranged at two ends with screw plug 10, plants clearly logical in the middle part of body Hole is malleation chamber, and clear body both sides of planting are connected with screw thread rotating the needle head and quick connector by screwed hole respectively.Malleation chamber Pressure is more than external pressure, and malleation air-flow is flowed out by the gap of air tube and seed adjustment pin.The clear number for planting the upper air tube of pipe and rolling On cylinder, the suction hole number of genesis analysis is consistent, and seed adjustment pin empty set is coordinated with interporal lacuna in air tube in air tube endoporus, can be Move back and forth in air tube.It is clear to plant on body, it is air flow inlet at quick connector, at each screw thread rotating the needle head, forms the gas of ring section Flow export.
It is movable connection between cleaning device and barrel.Barrel side is provided with leads kind of plate 4, and cleaning device is located at and leads kind Above plate;Clear to plant in pipe, the distance on air tube end and barrel surface is 0.9~1.2 times of seed largest cross-sectional sized.Air tube Axis it is perpendicular with the tangent line on barrel surface.Air tube is basically perpendicular to barrel surface and is installed, air tube and cylinder Height (diameter or the full-size in flat seed section of i.e. circular seed) of the mounting distance slightly larger than seed, it is to avoid occur to plant Subcard causes the seed on suction hole to be below all eliminated between air tube and barrel surface.Seed adjustment pin empty set is in air tube In endoporus, seed adjustment pin is hung on barrel surface under self gravitation effect,.Seed adjustment pin is constituted with cylinder surface and is movably connected, when When cylinder is rotated, seed adjustment pin slides in cylinder surface.
Embodiment 2
A kind of cleaning device of scratching air-flowing type seeder of the present embodiment, compared with Example 1 compared with its difference exists In:As shown in Figure 3 or Figure 4, cleaning device includes that two groups are planted clearly pipe, and the respectively first clear pipe and second of planting plants clearly pipe, and first is clear The seed adjustment pin on pipe and the second clear seed adjustment planted on pipe are planted for Heterogeneous Permutation being put on barrel, and each clear kind pipe is upper all groups The bottom for planting pin is located on the same bus of barrel, as shown in figure 5, two neighboring clear kind manages corresponding two rows seed adjustment pin Respectively on two different buses of barrel, arc length L1 between two buses is 5~12mm, it is to avoid two gas for bottom The air-flow of pin influences each other, and two seed adjustment pins are acted on simultaneously on the seed group on suction hole 11, to seed pinching, so that completely The seed on suction hole is emptied, increases empty kind rate.Wherein, bus is the axial dummy line on the barrel face of cylinder.
Multiple suction holes 11 are distributed with the face of cylinder of barrel, the string suction hole on same circumference on barrel point Two clear two seed adjustment pins for planting pipe are not correspondingly arranged at, two seed adjustment pins are located at the left and right per string suction hole place circumference respectively Both sides, the bottom of two seed adjustment pins are seed largest cross-sectional sized apart from L2 to correspondence suction hole place circumferential section 0.50~0.65 times.Half of the seed adjustment pin to the bigger about seed height of distance of circumferential section, it is many that such suction hole carries seed In one, seed adjustment pin may encounter a part of seed, and seed leaves suction hole under the collective effect of seed adjustment pin and air-flow, return Fall among leading kind of plate.
The specific work process of above-mentioned cleaning device is as follows:When pneumatic drum type feed mechanism for seed works, malleation source of the gas is connected, and is supplied Gas system provides pressure to the clear malleation chamber for planting pipe through quick plug by trachea, and malleation air-flow is by air tube and seed adjustment pin Project ring section.The seed planted in case is deposited in cylinder surface in the presence of kind of plate is led, when suction hole is rotated with barrel When kind of heap, suction hole can be because inhale geometry of larger kind of pressure, seed cohesiveness and adhesiveness and seed etc. Reason carries many seeds to be left kind of a heap and moves upwards.Distance when being located at same bus due to two seed adjustment pins and suction hole is omited More than the half of seed largest cross-sectional sized, when generally suction hole is carried more than a seed, at least side can quilt Seed adjustment pin clashes into, and Some seeds are separated with the seed near suction hole center.First clear kind is gone to when suction hole carries seed When below pipe, if seed group is on the inside of seed adjustment pin, seed adjustment pin will not encounter any seed, only tapered the putting of air tube outflow Penetrating property air-flow can be acted on seed, as the air-flow lateral velocity sprayed is less, can only be adjusted the distance that seed adjustment pin is relatively near, be inhaled Kind of hole streams that resistance is less, the less seed of adhesion has certain scavenging action between seed.If seed group border is first When beyond on the inside of the clear seed adjustment pin for planting pipe, suction hole carries seed group when the seed adjustment pin, and seed adjustment pin will be touched with seed group Hit, in the moment clashed into, seed has different degrees of thin tail sheep movement, and between seed, adhesion reduces, or even has seed and kind The separation of son, is acted on by the outer sidewind of seed adjustment pin when seed and seed adhesion reduce even 0, these seeds because Be apart from the position of suction hole farther out, suction hole is less to the absorption affinity of seed, is blown back kind of a case by malleation air-flow.Suction hole is carried After first clear clear kind effect for planting pipe, continuation is rotated up seed with cylinder, when planting pipe clearly for second, seed adjustment pin And the air-flow flowed out from air tube to the effect of the opposite side seed group of seed group ibid.
As described above, just can preferably realize the present invention, above-described embodiment is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not used To limit the practical range of the present invention;I.e. all impartial changes made according to present invention and modification, all will for right of the present invention Scope required for protection is asked to be covered.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of cleaning device of scratching air-flowing type seeder, it is characterised in that on the barrel of feed mechanism for seed, cleaning device Pipe is planted clearly including least one set, it is clear to plant the external air supply system of pipe;Clear pipe of planting plants body, air tube, screw thread rotating the needle head, seed adjustment including clear Pin and quick connector, on the clear face of cylinder for planting body, side is distributed with multiple screw thread rotating the needle heads, and opposite side is provided with quick connector, Each screw thread rotating the needle head is correspondingly provided with an air tube and a seed adjustment pin, and screw thread rotating the needle head, air tube and seed adjustment pin are sequentially connected, soon The external air supply system of connection-peg;
The structure of the seed adjustment pin is cylinder, and between seed adjustment pin and the endoporus of air tube, gap coordinates, and seed adjustment pin is in air tube Move back and forth in hole, during work, seed adjustment pin is floated with barrel surface under the airflow function inside air tube and contacted.
2. a kind of cleaning device of scratching air-flowing type seeder according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the clear kind of body For cylindrical pipe member of the middle part with through hole, plant clearly body and be respectively arranged at two ends with screw plug, the clear through hole planted in the middle part of body is for just Pressure chamber, clear body both sides of planting are connected with screw thread rotating the needle head and quick connector by screwed hole respectively.
3. a kind of cleaning device of scratching air-flowing type seeder according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the clear kind of body On, it is air flow inlet at quick connector, at each screw thread rotating the needle head, forms the air stream outlet of ring section.
4. a kind of cleaning device of scratching air-flowing type seeder according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the cleaning device It is to be movably connected between barrel.
5. a kind of cleaning device of scratching air-flowing type seeder according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the barrel one Side is provided with leads kind of a plate, and cleaning device is located at and leads above kind of plate;Clear to plant in pipe, air tube end is seed with the distance on barrel surface 0.9~1.2 times of largest cross-sectional sized.
6. a kind of cleaning device of scratching air-flowing type seeder according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the axle of the air tube Line is perpendicular with the tangent line on barrel surface.
7. a kind of cleaning device of scratching air-flowing type seeder according to any one of claim 1~6, it is characterised in that institute Stating cleaning device includes that two groups are planted clearly pipe, respectively first it is clear plant pipe and second it is clear plant pipe, the first clear seed adjustment pin planted on pipe and For putting Heterogeneous Permutation on barrel, each clear bottom for planting the upper all seed adjustment pins of pipe is located at rolling for the second clear seed adjustment planted on pipe On the same bus of cylinder, the two neighboring clear bottom for planting the corresponding two rows seed adjustment pin of pipe is located at two of barrel not respectively On same bus, the 5~12mm of arc length between two buses.
8. a kind of cleaning device of scratching air-flowing type seeder according to right wants 7, it is characterised in that the bus is cylinder Axial dummy line on the body face of cylinder.
9. a kind of cleaning device of scratching air-flowing type seeder according to right wants 7, it is characterised in that the circle of the barrel Multiple suction holes are distributed with cylinder, the string suction hole on same circumference on barrel is respectively correspondingly arranged in two clear kinds and manages Two seed adjustment pins, two seed adjustment pins are located at the left and right sides per string suction hole place circumference, the bottom of two seed adjustment pins respectively The distance of correspondence suction hole place circumferential section is held to be 0.50~0.65 times of seed largest cross-sectional sized.
CN201510657195.1A 2015-10-13 2015-10-13 A kind of cleaning device of scratching air-flowing type seeder Active CN105210517B (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107155457B (en) * 2017-06-06 2019-09-03 巢湖学院 A kind of bulky grain seed aspiration slips kind of a formula precision seed metering device
CN110431964B (en) * 2019-09-09 2024-01-26 云南农业大学 Adjustable vegetable planter seed cleaning system
CN110679248B (en) * 2019-11-25 2022-03-11 吉林省农业机械研究院 Flexible adjustment seed cleaning device suitable for pneumatic roller type seed sowing device

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