CN104756651B - Precise seeder that a kind of small-sized seed is live and precise seeder group - Google Patents

Precise seeder that a kind of small-sized seed is live and precise seeder group Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104756651B
CN104756651B CN201510118900.0A CN201510118900A CN104756651B CN 104756651 B CN104756651 B CN 104756651B CN 201510118900 A CN201510118900 A CN 201510118900A CN 104756651 B CN104756651 B CN 104756651B
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small
discharge plate
live
gas distribution
sized seed
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CN104756651A (en
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李志伟
张静
符耀明
吴钢
周士琳
孙芳媛
韦钟继
黄国庆
简锦涛
聂柳金
叶绿
黄大榕
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South China Agricultural University
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South China Agricultural University
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/20Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2

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Abstract

The present invention relates to the live precise seeder of a kind of small-sized seed and precise seeder group, including: the fixing gas distribution plate that is fixed in frame, the discharge plate being fixed by socket on axle, fixing gas distribution plate empty set is on axle, discharge plate and fixing gas distribution plate are close to, and described fixing gas distribution plate is provided with vacuum chamber and malleation chamber;The end face towards fixing gas distribution plate of described discharge plate is provided with the most evenly distributed multiple passage, the circumference side of described discharge plate is provided with multiple row's suction hole being circumferentially evenly arranged into a circle, and described passage is identical with row's suction hole quantity and a passage is arranged suction hole with one and connected;Rotating with discharge plate, one of them passage and malleation chamber seeding, remaining a part of passage connects suction kind with vacuum chamber.The present invention can realize sowing direct to small-sized seed and precision drilling, can sow and multi-row seeding by single file, belongs to Agricultural Machinery Design field.

Description

Precise seeder that a kind of small-sized seed is live and precise seeder group
Technical field
The invention belongs to Agricultural Machinery Design field, particularly relate to the precise seeder that a kind of small-sized seed is live With precise seeder group.
Background technology
China's Vegetable produces sustainable and stable development, and cultivated area is increased to 2013 by 2.62 hundred million mu of 2007 Year 3.08 hundred million mu, yield is increased to 7.06 hundred million tons in 2013 by 5.47 hundred million tons of 2007.Leaf vegetables Plantation accounts for the 1/3 of vegetable production, and the demand of leaf vegetables persistently increases, and leaf vegetables plantation is main manually to spread Broadcast thinning and culturing and transplanting seedlings is main.Machinery for leaf vegetables sowing mainly has seedlings nursing plate seeder and sowing to produce Line, this is required for manually or mechanically transplanting, and manually transplants labor cost height, and labor intensity is big, transplanter Device popularity rate is low, there is problems such as hindering Seedling.Leaf vegetables sowing in the field mechanization need not transplant operation, it is possible to fall Low labor cost, reduces labor intensity, improves work efficiency.Feed mechanism for seed is the critical component of seed-sowing machine. At present, shape and the specification of small-sized seed all be there are certain requirements by disclosed feed mechanism for seed, and it is generally required to granule Seed disturbance device, the structure of small-sized seed disturbance device is complicated, shape and the specification requirement to small-sized seed The highest, the effect of sowing direct to small-sized seed and precision drilling is undesirable.
Summary of the invention
For technical problem present in prior art, it is an object of the invention to: provide a kind of to small-sized seed The direct precise seeder live at a kind of small-sized seed of field sowing and precise seeder group, can be preferably Sowing direct to small-sized seed and precision drilling.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that
The precise seeder that a kind of small-sized seed is live, including: the fixing gas distribution plate that is fixed in frame, set Connecing the discharge plate being fixed on axle, fixing gas distribution plate empty set is on axle, and discharge plate and fixing gas distribution plate are close to, Described fixing gas distribution plate is provided with vacuum chamber and malleation chamber;Described discharge plate towards fixing gas distribution plate End face be provided with the most evenly distributed multiple passage, the circumference side of described discharge plate is provided with Multiple row's suction holes being circumferentially evenly arranged into a circle, described passage and row's suction hole quantity An identical and passage and row's suction hole connection;With discharge plate rotate, one of them passage with just Pressure chamber seeding, remaining a part of passage connects suction kind with vacuum chamber.After using this structure, The rotation rotating drive discharge plate of axle, when the passage of discharge plate communicates with vacuum chamber, row's suction hole is inhaled Attached small-sized seed, it is achieved inhale and plant;When the passage of discharge plate communicates with malleation chamber, row's suction hole is discharged little Grain seed, it is achieved essence amount seeding.
During seeding, be positioned at the side of axle with row's suction hole of malleation chamber, the position of this row's suction hole with Relative to horizontal level beat up or down centered by the axis of axle, deflection angle a meet 0 °≤a≤ 15°.After using this structure, small-sized seed can be alleviated and vibrated by discharge plate and affected, improve seeding accuracy, The passage of discharge plate rotates to when communicating with malleation chamber, and row's suction hole discharges small-sized seed, small-sized seed The distance falling into soil from grain conductor is short, beneficially the stability of seeding.
Fixing gas distribution plate arranges a cannelure on the end face of discharge plate, and the end face of discharge plate arranges two dorsad Through hole, wherein a through hole is positioned at cannelure and forms vacuum chamber with cannelure, is positioned at cannelure place circle Another through hole on the bearing of trend of circumferential direction forms malleation chamber.After using this structure, leading to of discharge plate Pore rotates to when communicating with cannelure, and row's suction hole adsorbs small-sized seed, rotates the through hole to malleation chamber Time, row's suction hole discharges small-sized seed.
Discharge plate be shaped as ladder barrel, ladder barrel forms small diameter cylinder and large diameter cylinder, and row inhales Plant pore size distribution in the circumference side of small diameter cylinder.After using this structure, row's suction hole realizes absorption and row Going out the function of small-sized seed, kind case and grain conductor that large diameter cylinder is pointed in small diameter cylinder are carried out axially Spacing, the air-tightness between fixing gas distribution plate and discharge plate can be better ensured that simultaneously.
The live precise seeder of a kind of small-sized seed also includes kind of a case, plants the arc opening offered case lower end tight The circumference side of patch small diameter cylinder, sees in the axial direction, and the corner, the center of circle that this arc opening is corresponding is being consolidated Determine in the central angle that gas distribution plate cannelure is corresponding.After using this structure, planting case closely can connect with discharge plate Touching, the circumference side of discharge plate small diameter cylinder is during precession and screwing out kind of case simultaneously, falls at this arc Row's suction hole in the central angle that opening is corresponding is all in the state of absorption.
The live precise seeder of a kind of small-sized seed also includes grain conductor, the arc opening that grain conductor is offered It is close to the circumference side of discharge plate small diameter cylinder, sees in the axial direction, institute's the last period of this arc opening Corresponding corner, the center of circle is in the central angle that vacuum chamber is corresponding, and malleation chamber falls corresponding at this arc opening In central angle, the lower end of grain conductor is vertical guide part.After using this structure, grain conductor can be with row Kind of dish is in close contact, and the circumference side of discharge plate small diameter cylinder is screwing out kind of case and precession grain conductor simultaneously During, row's suction hole is all in the state of absorption.
The live precise seeder of a kind of small-sized seed also includes the cleaning device being provided with nozzle;Plant case by boxboard Surrounding, the kind case boxboard lower end connected with the tangential direction rotated along discharge plate has an opening, described spray The emission direction of mouth is tangent with the circumference side of discharge plate small diameter cylinder, and towards kind of an opening part for case boxboard. After using this structure, discharge plate absorption small-sized seed is after screwing out kind of case, and cleaning device can be by absorption affinity Little small-sized seed blows back in kind of case, it is to avoid waste small-sized seed.
The live precise seeder of a kind of small-sized seed also includes shaft holder and disk spring, fixing gas distribution plate, Discharge plate, the disk spring of compression and shaft holder are enclosed within axle the most adjacent to each other, relative with fixing gas distribution plate Fixing shaft holder empty set is on axle.After using this structure, in shaft holder and the effect of disk spring Under, discharge plate and fixing gas distribution plate are closely close to.
The through hole forming malleation chamber is connected with malleation source of the gas by positive pressure connector, forms the through hole of vacuum chamber Connected with negative pressure source of the gas by negative pressure joint.After using this structure, negative pressure source of the gas and malleation source of the gas provide solid Determine gas distribution plate negative pressure and malleation, thus realize adsorbing small-sized seed and discharging small-sized seed.
The precise seeder group that a kind of small-sized seed is live, including the essence amount row that multiple a kind of small-sized seeds are live Plant device and multiple shaft coupling;The live precise seeder of a kind of small-sized seed is set up in parallel and is arranged in rows;One The axle of precise seeder live for two adjacent a kind of small-sized seeds is connected by axial organ.After using this structure, The precise seeder that multiple a kind of small-sized seed is live is installed, it is achieved multirow is sowed simultaneously.
Generally speaking, present invention have the advantage that
1. the precise seeder that a small-sized seed is live is single file sowing, utilizes shaft coupling can realize multirow Synchronize sowing, and line-spacing can be adjusted flexibly, be suitable for field seeding.
2. the structure of discharge plate can realize sowing direct to small-sized seed and precision drilling.
3. malleation chamber is arranged on horizontal level, is conducive to improving stability and the discharge of absorption small-sized seed The accuracy of small-sized seed, being particularly suited for being drawn by power-equipment or be suspended on power-equipment can The precise seeder towed in field.
4. the setting of cleaning device, removes unnecessary small-sized seed, it is achieved field essence amount is live.
5. The present invention reduces transplanting operation, save labour and production cost.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the axonometric chart of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the front view of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the left view of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the axonometric chart of fixing gas distribution plate.
Fig. 5 is the axonometric chart of discharge plate.
Fig. 6 is the axonometric chart of grain conductor.
Wherein, 1 is fixing gas distribution plate, and 2 is kind of a case, and 3 is shaft holder, and 4 is disk spring, and 5 for connecting Key, 6 is axle, and 7 is discharge plate, and 8 is grain conductor, and 9 is cleaning device, and 10 is positive pressure connector, and 11 is negative Crimp head, 12 is vacuum chamber, and 13 is malleation chamber, and 14 is passage, and 15 is row's suction hole.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention will be further described in detail.
Embodiment one
For sake of convenience, the direction up and down in direction up and down hereafter and accompanying drawing 2 itself is consistent, Before and after Suo Cheng, the right left direction in direction and accompanying drawing 3 itself is corresponding.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3, the precise seeder that a kind of small-sized seed is live, including: fix and join Gas dish, plant case, shaft holder, disk spring, axle, discharge plate, grain conductor, cleaning device, just crimp Head, negative pressure joint and frame.Fixing gas distribution plate, discharge plate, the disk spring of compression and shaft holder are successively It is enclosed within adjacent to each other on axle.Fixing gas distribution plate empty set is on axle, and is fixed in frame;Discharge plate is pacified by key It is contained on axle;Shaft holder empty set on axle, and with discharge plate clamp disk spring, its walk around discharge plate with Fixing gas distribution plate is relatively fixed.Plant case and be positioned at the front upper place of discharge plate, solid with fixing gas distribution plate by connecting plate Dingan County fills;Grain conductor is positioned at the back lower place of discharge plate, fixedly mounts with fixing gas distribution plate;Cleaning device is positioned at Above discharge plate, plant on rear side of case, be fixed on fixing gas distribution plate by connecting plate;Positive pressure connector and negative pressure connect Head is arranged on the left side of fixing gas distribution plate.
Fig. 4 show the structural representation of fixing gas distribution plate, and fixing gas distribution plate is short cylinder structure.At short circle A cannelure is had on the right side of cylinder.Having two through hole on the left side of short cylinder, a through hole is placed exactly in annular In groove, this through hole and cannelure form vacuum chamber;Another through hole is positioned at prolonging of cannelure place circumferencial direction Stretching on direction, this through hole forms malleation chamber.Have solid with kind case, axle on the side of fixing gas distribution plate short cylinder Determine the mounting portion that frame, grain conductor and cleaning device adapt.
Fig. 5 show the structural representation of discharge plate, discharge plate be shaped as the ladder barrel that length is shorter, The cylinder that in ladder barrel, diameter is smaller is referred to as small diameter cylinder, also referred to as right-hand member cylinder, and diameter is bigger Cylinder be referred to as large diameter cylinder, also referred to as left end cylinder.The end face of discharge plate is provided with multiple circumferentially side To evenly distributed blind hole, i.e. passage, it is provided with multiple circumferentially side in the circumference side of small diameter cylinder To being evenly arranged into row's suction hole of a circle, row's suction hole and passage is orthogonal communicates.
Fig. 6 show the structural representation of grain conductor, and grain conductor is vertical by an arc opening, grain conductor lower end Guide part and in arc opening laterally projecting portion composition.The shape of arc opening and discharge plate minor diameter The circumference side of cylinder adapts.
The assembly relation of the precise seeder that a kind of small-sized seed is live is as follows: fixing gas distribution plate, discharge plate, Disk spring and shaft holder are in turn enclosed within axle.Fixing gas distribution plate empty set is on axle, and is fixed on frame On;On the left side of fixing gas distribution plate, it is positioned at the through hole of cannelure by negative pressure joint and negative pressure source of the gas phase Connecing, the through hole forming malleation chamber is connected with malleation source of the gas by positive pressure connector;In the direction shown in fig., The through hole forming malleation chamber is positioned on the horizontal level of back, if malleation chamber is horizontally situated lower section, Small-sized seed easily vibrated by discharge plate affected and threshing in advance row suction hole, but allow this through hole along The arc at vacuum chamber place moves up and down 15 °, so can alleviate small-sized seed and be vibrated by discharge plate and affected, Improving seeding accuracy, the passage of discharge plate rotates to when communicating with malleation chamber, and row's suction hole discharges granule Seed, the distance that small-sized seed falls into soil from grain conductor is short, beneficially the stability of seeding.Discharge plate leads to Cross key to be mounted on an axle;The fixing right side of gas distribution plate is mutually close to be close to the left side of discharge plate, fixing Vacuum chamber on gas distribution plate and the circumference at malleation chamber place with the circumference at the passage place on discharge plate are Consistent.Shaft holder empty set is on axle, and clamps disk spring with discharge plate, and it walks around discharge plate with solid Determining gas distribution plate to be relatively fixed, under the effect of shaft holder and disk spring, discharge plate abuts against fixing distribution On dish.Grain conductor is positioned at the back lower place of discharge plate, fixedly mounts with fixing gas distribution plate;The arc of grain conductor is opened Oral area divides between the circumference side of shaft holder and discharge plate right-hand member cylinder, and arc opening part is close to circle All sides, and in the direction shown in fig., the corner, the center of circle corresponding to the last period of this arc opening is solid Determining in the central angle that gas distribution plate vacuum chamber is corresponding, fixing gas distribution plate malleation chamber falls corresponding at this arc opening Central angle in;The laterally projecting portion of grain conductor is bolted on fixing gas distribution plate.Plant case and be positioned at row Plant the front upper place of dish, fixedly mounted with fixing gas distribution plate by connecting plate;The lower end planting case is an arc opening, The shape of arc opening adapts with the circumference side of discharge plate right-hand member cylinder, and this arc opening is close to circumference Face, and in the direction shown in fig., corner, the center of circle corresponding to this arc opening is at fixing gas distribution plate negative pressure cavity In the central angle that room is corresponding;Plant and have an opening on the boxboard of lower section on rear side of case.It is provided with the cleaning device of nozzle It is positioned at above discharge plate, plants on rear side of case, be fixed on fixing gas distribution plate by connecting plate;The spray of cleaning device The emission direction of mouth is tangent with the circumference side of discharge plate small diameter cylinder, and towards lower section boxboard on rear side of kind of case Opening part.
The motor process of the precise seeder that a kind of small-sized seed is live, by essence amount live for a kind of small-sized seed Feed mechanism for seed is hooked on tractor, plants the small-sized seed in case round at discharge plate right-hand member owing to the effect of gravity falls On the circumference side of cylinder, due to the effect of negative pressure, row's suction hole absorption small-sized seed, the axle of rotation passes through key Continuing to drive discharge plate to rotate, row's suction hole adsorbs small-sized seed always, until the passage fortune on discharge plate When moving to malleation chamber, row's suction hole discharges small-sized seed, and the small-sized seed of discharge falls into soil through grain conductor In.Thus realize tractor and sow at field single file.The live precise seeder of a kind of small-sized seed is applicable to The small-sized seed of diameter 0.8~2mm, simultaneously can be straight according to the size of the small-sized seed suitably row's of adjustment suction hole The size in footpath.
Embodiment two
The live precise seeder group of a kind of small-sized seed include the live precise seeder of a kind of small-sized seed and Multiple shaft couplings.The live precise seeder of a kind of small-sized seed is set up in parallel and is arranged in rows;One shaft coupling leads to Cross connecting key to be connected by the axle of precise seeder live for two adjacent a kind of small-sized seeds, connection herein Key is arranged on axle, is positioned at the right-hand member of shaft holder, can regulate two a kind of small-sized seeds according to actual needs The live distance between precise seeder, thus change the sowing line-spacing of crops, to adapt to Different Crop Sowing.Then precise seeder group live for a kind of small-sized seed is hooked on tractor, thus realizes Tractor is at field multi-row seeding.
In the present embodiment, not mentioned part is with embodiment one.
Above-described embodiment is the present invention preferably embodiment, but embodiments of the present invention are not by above-mentioned reality Execute the restriction of example, the change made under other any spirit without departing from the present invention and principle, modification, Substitute, combine, simplify, all should be the substitute mode of equivalence, within being included in protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. the precise seeder that small-sized seed is live, including: the fixing gas distribution plate that is fixed in frame, socket The discharge plate being fixed on axle, fixing gas distribution plate empty set is on axle, and discharge plate and fixing gas distribution plate are close to, its It is characterised by: described fixing gas distribution plate is provided with vacuum chamber and malleation chamber;Described discharge plate towards The end face of fixing gas distribution plate is provided with the most evenly distributed multiple passage, the circle of described discharge plate All sides are provided with multiple row's suction hole being circumferentially evenly arranged into a circle, described passage and row Suction hole quantity is identical and a passage and row's suction hole connection;Rotate with discharge plate, one of them Passage and malleation chamber seeding, a part of passage in remaining passage connects suction with vacuum chamber Kind;
During seeding, with the side that row's suction hole of malleation chamber is positioned at axle, the position of this row's suction hole is with axle Relative to horizontal level beat up or down centered by axis, deflection angle a meets 0 °≤a≤15 °.
2. according to the precise seeder that a kind of small-sized seed described in claim 1 is live, it is characterised in that: described Fixing gas distribution plate arranges a cannelure on the end face of discharge plate, and the end face of discharge plate arranges two through hole dorsad, Wherein a through hole is positioned at cannelure and forms vacuum chamber with cannelure, is positioned at cannelure place circumferencial direction Bearing of trend on another through hole formed malleation chamber.
3. according to the precise seeder that a kind of small-sized seed described in claim 2 is live, it is characterised in that: described Discharge plate be shaped as ladder barrel, ladder barrel forms small diameter cylinder and large diameter cylinder, arranges suction hole It is distributed in the circumference side of small diameter cylinder.
4. according to the precise seeder that a kind of small-sized seed described in claim 3 is live, it is characterised in that: also wrap Include kind of a case, plant the arc opening offered case lower end and be close to the circumference side of small diameter cylinder, in the axial direction Seeing, corner, the center of circle corresponding to this arc opening is in the central angle that fixing gas distribution plate cannelure is corresponding.
5. according to the precise seeder that a kind of small-sized seed described in claim 3 is live, it is characterised in that: also wrap Including grain conductor, the arc opening that grain conductor is offered is close to the circumference side of discharge plate small diameter cylinder, at axle Looking up to side, the corner, the center of circle corresponding to the preceding paragraph of this arc opening is at central angle corresponding to vacuum chamber In, malleation chamber falls in the central angle that this arc opening is corresponding, and the lower end of grain conductor is vertical guide part.
6. according to the precise seeder that a kind of small-sized seed described in claim 4 is live, it is characterised in that: also wrap Include the cleaning device being provided with nozzle;Kind of case is surrounded by boxboard, connect with the circumference side of discharge plate upper end and with The axially in parallel kind case boxboard lower end of discharge plate has an opening, and the emission direction of described nozzle is little with discharge plate The circumference side of diameter cylinder is tangent, and towards kind of an opening part for case boxboard.
7. according to the precise seeder that a kind of small-sized seed described in claim 1 is live, it is characterised in that: also wrap Including shaft holder and disk spring, fixing gas distribution plate, discharge plate, the disk spring of compression and shaft holder depend on Secondary being enclosed within adjacent to each other on axle, shaft holder empty set relatively-stationary with fixing gas distribution plate is on axle.
8. according to the precise seeder that a kind of small-sized seed described in claim 2 is live, it is characterised in that: described The through hole forming malleation chamber is connected with malleation source of the gas by positive pressure connector, and the through hole forming vacuum chamber passes through Negative pressure joint connects with negative pressure source of the gas.
9. the precise seeder group that a small-sized seed is live, it is characterised in that: include multiple claim 1 to 8 According to any one of the live precise seeder of small-sized seed and multiple shaft coupling;The essence that small-sized seed is live Seeder is set up in parallel and is arranged in rows;One shaft coupling is by essence amount seeding live for two adjacent small-sized seeds The axle of device connects.
CN201510118900.0A 2015-03-18 2015-03-18 Precise seeder that a kind of small-sized seed is live and precise seeder group Active CN104756651B (en)

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CN203537802U (en) * 2013-10-17 2014-04-16 华中农业大学 One-device double-row pneumatic type precision seed sowing device for rape and wheat
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