RU2343675C1 - Pneumatic seed-sowing device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural industry; mechanics.

SUBSTANCE: seed-sowing device consists of a tank, a seed vessel, a vacuum vessel, and a seed plate with suction clutches, which is installed between them. After the holes in the direction of the plate rotation there made are protrusions. Each protrusion is made in the form of a cylindrical surface and located concentrically relative to the appropriate suction hole. Protrusions are located at the distance which is not more than the half diameter of suction hole. Protrusion width is equal to diameter of suction hole.

EFFECT: improving seed single-feeding quality.

3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to machines for sowing seeds of agricultural crops.

A pneumatic sowing apparatus is known, including a hopper, a seed chamber, a vacuum chamber and a metering disk mounted between the bodies of these chambers with a pad located on its end surface with holes for sucking the seeds. Moreover, in the area of each hole, the pad is provided with protrusions, and a groove is made in the base of the housing of the seed chamber for the passage of these protrusions / 1 /.

The disadvantage of this pneumatic sowing device is the insufficiently active quality of seed tedding, since the protrusions only grow seeds adjacent to the sowing disk, and the seeds that are sucked to the hole are grown only by rubbing against the ends of the protrusions and the activated seed layer. Ultimately, this does not allow to ensure the high quality of the pneumatic sowing device.

Closest to the proposed technical solution is a pneumatic metering device containing a hopper, a seed chamber, a vacuum chamber and a metering disk mounted between the chambers with holes for sucking seeds, and in the area of each hole, protrusions are formed formed by two planes located at an angle to each other, bounded from the convergence side of the cylindrical surface / 2 /.

The disadvantage of this invention is the need for preliminary calibration of seeds, since the single-seed filling of the protrusions formed by two planes located at an angle to each other can be provided only by seeds of a certain size and located in the seed chamber in a certain way. At the same time, there is no functional need for these planes, since the main support of the seeds is created by a cylindrical surface. Therefore, it can be argued that this technical solution does not provide high-quality operation of the pneumatic sowing device.

An object of the present invention is to improve the quality of a single-piece seed feed by a pneumatic metering device.

The task is achieved in that in a pneumatic metering device containing a hopper, a seed chamber, a vacuum chamber and a metering disk installed between them with suction holes and protrusions, each protrusion is made in the form of a cylindrical surface concentric with the corresponding suction hole and located behind it in the direction of rotation seed disk at a distance of not more than half the diameter of the suction hole, and the width of the protrusion is equal to the diameter of the suction hole.

Figure 1 shows a diagram of a pneumatic metering device, figure 2 is a view a in figure 1.

Pneumatic sowing apparatus (figure 1) includes a hopper 1 connected to the housing 2, in which the seed chamber 3 is located. In the housing 2 on the drive shaft 4 is installed and fixed sowing disk 5 with suction holes 6. On it from the side facing the seed chamber 3, protrusions 7 are made in the form of cylindrical surfaces concentric with the suction holes 6, and located behind them along the rotation of the sowing disk 5 at a distance of no more than half the diameter (d) of the suction holes 6 (figure 2). Moreover, the width (c) of each protrusion 7 is equal to the diameter (d) of the suction holes 6. And on the other side of the sowing disk 5 there is a vacuum chamber 8. In addition, a brush ejector of excess seeds 9 is installed in the housing 2 above the seed chamber 3.

Pneumatic metering device operates as follows.

Seeds from the hopper 1 enter the seed chamber 3. With the protrusions 7 they are drawn into motion with a rotating metering disk 5. This facilitates their capture by the suction holes 6, which occurs due to the vacuum created in the vacuum chamber 8. Moreover, the shape and arrangement of the protrusions 7 allow you to capture exactly those seeds that are in the area of action of the suction holes. Next, the disk transports the seeds to the zone of action of the dropper of excess seeds 9, and then to the discharge zone, where the vacuum is cut off and the seeds, under the action of gravity, fall into the furrow prepared by the coulter (not shown).

Information sources

1. AS of the USSR No. 738536, cl. A01C / 04, 1978.

2. AS of the USSR No. 1183012, class A01C / 04, 1983 - prototype.

Claims (1)

A pneumatic sowing apparatus comprising a hopper, a seed chamber, a vacuum chamber and a metering disk mounted between them with suction holes and protrusions, characterized in that each protrusion is made in the form of a cylindrical surface concentric with the corresponding suction hole and located behind it along the rotation of the metering disk on a distance of not more than half the diameter of the suction hole, and the width of the protrusion is equal to the diameter of the suction hole.

Images