CN102598924A - Seed sowing-metering device for forage plots - Google Patents

Seed sowing-metering device for forage plots Download PDF

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CN102598924A
CN102598924A CN201210069423XA CN201210069423A CN102598924A CN 102598924 A CN102598924 A CN 102598924A CN 201210069423X A CN201210069423X A CN 201210069423XA CN 201210069423 A CN201210069423 A CN 201210069423A CN 102598924 A CN102598924 A CN 102598924A
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seed
shaft
feeding
seeding
metering
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张淑敏
杨松
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China Agricultural University
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China Agricultural University
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Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a seed sowing-metering device for forage plots, which comprises a porous tray seed-feeding mechanism comprising seed pots (12), a support orifice tray (13), seed feeding holes (19) and rotary seed feeding racks (20). The seed sowing-metering device for forage plots is characterized by further comprising a seed metering mechanism and a transmission mechanism, the seed metering mechanism corresponding to the seed feeding holes (19) on the support porous tray (13) is disposed below the support porous tray (13), and the transmission mechanism for driving the rotary seed feeding racks (20) and the seed metering mechanism to rotate is respectively connected with the rotary seed feeding racks (20) of the porous tray seed-feeding mechanism and the seed metering mechanism.

Description

Seed sowing device for pasture plot
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a seed sowing device for pasture plot seeding.
Background
China is a big grassland resource country, artificial grass planting is used as a main measure for expanding the source of high-quality feed, a solid foundation is laid for the development of ecological animal husbandry, but the problems of low yield, inappropriateness with ecology and the like still exist in part of areas due to blind introduction. In order to screen out excellent pasture varieties suitable for being planted in different climatic characteristics, altitudes and soil types and determine pasture varieties suitable for being planted in various places, a plot breeding mode is adopted to carry out a pasture variety comparison test so as to compare key indexes such as growth periods, plant heights, single plant branch numbers, pasture yield and nutritional value of various pastures. The existing plot seeder is mainly used for variety cultivation of grain crops and economic crops, and a mechanical grass plot seeding device suitable for the characteristics of grass seeds and agricultural requirements does not exist.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a forage plot seeding and seed discharging device which improves the uniformity of seed distribution in the seeding and seed discharging process, can adapt to seeds with different particle diameters, can improve the seed discharging speed and uniformity, has a simple and easy-to-manufacture transmission mechanism structure, and can improve the reliability and accuracy of the mechanism transmission.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a kind of herbage plot seeding seed-metering device, including: hole disc type seed feeding mechanism comprising seed bowls 12, a supporting hole disc 13, seed feeding holes 19 and a rotary seed feeding frame 20, wherein the pasture plot seeding seed-metering device further comprises:
the seed sowing mechanism is positioned below the supporting hole disc 13 and corresponds to the seed feeding holes 19 on the supporting hole disc 13; and
and the transmission mechanism is respectively connected with the rotary seed feeding frame 20 in the hole disc type seed feeding mechanism and the seed sowing mechanism and is used for driving the rotary seed feeding frame 20 and the seed sowing mechanism to rotate.
The seed metering mechanism comprises a seed separating cone 7, seed separating blades 9 which are connected with the seed separating cone 7 and move synchronously are arranged above the seed separating cone 7, a diversion trench 8 is arranged on the conical surface of the seed separating cone 7 along the direction of a bus, and a seed blocking inserting plate 6 below the seed separating cone 7 divides the inner side area of the seed metering tray 5 into a plurality of fan-shaped areas.
The seed storage cylinder 10 is fixed below the hole plate type seed feeding mechanism, and the central line of the seed storage cylinder 10 is superposed with the central line of the seed feeding port 19 on the support hole plate 13;
a seed-metering adjusting ring 11 which is connected with the cylindrical part at the lower part of the seed storage cylinder 10 through screw threads is arranged below the seed storage cylinder 10.
The clearance between the lower end surface of the seed sowing adjusting ring 11 and the conical surface of the seed separating cone 7 in the vertical direction is 0-10 mm.
The circumference of the lower end surface of the seed-metering adjusting ring 11 is provided with two types of non-circular holes and circular holes.
The number of the seed blocking inserting plates 6 is one of 4, 6, 9, 12, 18 and 36.
The transmission mechanism comprises a seed shaft 1, an intermediate shaft 16 and a feed shaft 14; wherein, a bevel gear is arranged on the seeding shaft 1 and is meshed with another bevel gear arranged on the horizontal shaft 2; the seed shaft 1 is additionally provided with a seed shaft gear 3 which is meshed with a middle shaft gear 15 arranged on a middle shaft 16; the upper end of the seeding shaft 1 passes through a central hole of the seeding tray 5 and is fixedly connected with a seed separating cone 7 and a seed blocking inserting plate 6; a single-tooth gear 17 is arranged on the intermediate shaft 16 and is meshed with a shaft feeding gear 18 arranged on the shaft feeding 14; the rotary seed-feeding frame 20 is connected to the upper part of the seed-feeding shaft 14, and the rotary seed-feeding frame 20 can be driven to rotate.
The single-tooth gear 17 on the intermediate shaft 16 is meshed with the shaft conveying gear 18 once, so that the rotating angle of the shaft conveying mechanism is
Figure BDA0000143745490000021
And N is the number of the seed bowls 12.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the rotation of the seed separating blades prevents seeds with poor fluidity from being retained and blocked above the seed separating cone, and can improve the uniformity of seed distribution; the bottom surface of the seed-metering adjusting ring is provided with a semicircular hole which is suitable for seeds with different particle diameters; the seed-distributing cone is provided with a curved diversion trench structure, so that the step of lifting the seed-storing cylinder to enable the seeds to fall is omitted, and the seed-metering speed and uniformity of the seeds can be improved. The single-tooth meshing mechanism simplifies the structure of the transmission mechanism and is easy to manufacture, and the reliability and the accuracy of the transmission of the mechanism can be improved by matching with a positioning device in the hole disc type seed feeding mechanism.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a pasture plot seeding and seeding device of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional structure of fig. 1 taken along direction a.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the B-direction cross section shown in fig. 1.
FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the seed storage cylinder 10, the seed adjustment ring 11 and a part of the seed-separating cone 7.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a seed feeding mechanism of a seeding and seeding device for pasture plots
Reference numerals:
1 seed sowing shaft, 2 horizontal shafts and 3 seed sowing shaft gears
4 seed-metering pipes, 5 seed-metering trays and 6 seed-blocking plugboards
7 divide kind of awl 8 guiding gutter 9 to divide kind blade
10 seed storage cylinder 11 seed sowing adjusting ring 12 seed pot
13 support hole disc 14 and feed shaft 15 middle shaft gear
16 middle shaft 17 single tooth gear 18 feeding shaft gear
19 send out 20 rotatory seed racks that send of mouth
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in connection with the accompanying drawings.
A seed sowing device for pasture plot, as shown in fig. 1, comprising the following mechanisms: the hole disc type seed feeding mechanism comprises a seed bowl 12, a supporting hole disc 13, a seed feeding shaft 14, a seed feeding hole 19 and a seed feeding frame 20 (the hole disc type seed feeding mechanism refers to the utility model patent with the patent number of 201120192091.5 and the name of 'hole disc type seed feeding mechanism of a cell seeder'; the seed metering mechanism comprises a seed metering tray 5, a seed blocking inserting plate 6, a seed distributing cone 7, a seed storage cylinder 10, a seed metering adjusting ring 11, seed distributing blades 9 and a seed metering pipe 4; comprises a seed shaft 1, an intermediate shaft 16 and a transmission mechanism of a feed shaft 14.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the transmission mechanism of the present invention includes a seed shaft 1, an intermediate shaft 16, and a feed shaft 14.
Wherein a bevel gear is arranged on the seeding shaft 1 and is meshed with another bevel gear arranged on the horizontal shaft 2. The seed shaft 1 is additionally provided with a seed shaft gear 3 which meshes with an intermediate shaft gear 15 arranged on an intermediate shaft 16. The upper end of the seeding shaft 1 passes through the central hole of the seeding tray 5 and is fixedly connected with the seed separating cone 7 and the seed blocking inserting plate 6.
A single-tooth gear 17 is arranged on the intermediate shaft 16, which meshes with a feed shaft gear 18 arranged on the feed shaft 14.
The rotary seed-feeding frame 20 is connected to the upper part of the seed-feeding shaft 14, and the rotary seed-feeding frame 20 can be driven to rotate.
Referring to fig. 1 and 5, the hole plate type seed feeding mechanism of the present invention includes a support hole plate 13, a rotary seed feeding rack 20 inside the support hole plate 13, and a seed bowl 12. The rotary seed-transferring frame 20 is provided with connecting rods uniformly distributed along the radial direction, and the seed bowls 12 are connected to the ends of the connecting rods. The bottom of the support hole disc 13 is provided with a seed feeding hole 19. The rotary seed conveying frame 20 is provided with a positioning device, so that the rotary seed conveying frame 20 is prevented from rotating due to inertia or vibration of a hole disc type seed conveying mechanism, and the accuracy of a rotating angle is ensured. The positioning means are not shown in the figures.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the seed metering mechanism of the present invention includes: a seed storage cylinder 10, a seed sowing adjusting ring 11, a seed separating cone 7, a seed separating blade 9, a seed blocking inserting plate 6 and a seed sowing tray 5.
Wherein, the seed storage cylinder 10 is a hollow container with a conical upper part and a cylindrical lower part and an opening at the upper bottom and the lower bottom. The seed storage cylinder 10 is fixed below the orifice plate type seed feeding mechanism, and the central line of the seed storage cylinder 10 is overlapped with the central line of the seed feeding port 19 on the support orifice plate 13. The cylindrical part at the lower end of the seed storage cylinder 10 is provided with an external thread which is connected with a seed sowing adjusting ring 11 by a thread. The annular surface of the lower end of the seed-metering adjusting ring 11 is provided with two types of common non-hole and semicircular hole, which can be disassembled and replaced according to the size and the fluidity of the sowed seeds, as shown in figure 4. The seed separating blade 9 consists of a mandrel with a square section and a rectangular blade, the mandrel is inserted into a rectangular groove at the top of the center of the seed separating cone 7 and rotates together with the seed separating cone 7. The seed blocking inserting plate 6 is arranged below the seed separating cone 7 and above the seed discharging tray 5 and is connected with the seed discharging shaft 1 to rotate together. In this embodiment, there are 4 seed separating blades 9 uniformly distributed along the radial direction of the mandrel. The seed-metering tray 5 is connected with the frame, and one end of the bottom, which is close to the outer side, is provided with a through hole, and a seed-metering pipe 4 is connected below the through hole.
The conical surface of the seed separating cone 7 is provided with guide grooves 8, preferably 36, the seed blocking inserting plates 6 divide the bottom end of the seed separating cone and the inner side area of the seed sowing tray 5 into a plurality of equal fan-shaped areas, the size of each fan-shaped area is determined by the number of the seed blocking inserting plates 6, when the number of the seed blocking inserting plates 6 which are uniformly distributed and installed along the axial direction is respectively 4, 6, 9, 12, 18 and 36, the fan-shaped areas are divided into 4, 6, 9, 12, 18 and 36, and each area can correspond to 9, 6, 4, 3, 2 and 1 guide groove 8, so that the sowing amount is changed.
The diversion trench 8 is a groove-shaped structure which gradually widens from top to bottom along the cone, the central line of the section of the diversion trench 8 is a curve, the curve bending direction is consistent with the combination direction of the falling speed of the seeds along the seed separating cone 7 and the rotating speed of the seed separating cone 7, and the seeds can be conveniently and smoothly seeded into the seeding tray 5.
The lower end of the seed storage cylinder 10 is provided with a seed discharge adjusting ring 11 which is in threaded connection with the seed storage cylinder 10, the lower end surface of the seed discharge adjusting ring 11 and the conical surface of the seed separation cone 7 are provided with a gap in the vertical direction, the seed discharge adjusting ring 11 is rotated to adjust the size of the gap up and down, the adjustable range is 0-10mm, and the seed storage cylinder can adapt to seeds with different particle diameters. When the seeding apparatus works, seeds in the seed storage barrel 10 flow out from the diversion trench 8 and a gap between the seed separation cone 7 and the seeding adjusting ring 11 through the stirring of the seed separation blades 9, and move downwards along the diversion trench 8 to the seeding tray 5.
The supporting hole plate 13 and the seed sowing tray 5 are both fixed on the frame. The seed shaft 1, the intermediate shaft 16 and the feed shaft 14 are connected with the frame through bearings, so that the seed shaft 1, the intermediate shaft 16 and the feed shaft 14 only rotate in the radial direction and cannot slide in the axial direction. The axis of the seeding shaft 1 is superposed with the central line of the seeding tray 5.
The working process is as follows:
the input end part of the transmission mechanism is connected with a motor or a land wheel, and the motor or the land wheel rotates to provide power. When the seeding apparatus works, power is input from the horizontal shaft 2 and is transmitted to the seeding shaft 1 through the meshing transmission of the pair of bevel gears. The seed shaft 1 drives the seed separating cone 7 to rotate around the seed shaft 1, and transmits power to the intermediate shaft 16 through the meshing transmission of the seed shaft gear 3 and the intermediate shaft gear 15 arranged on the seed shaft. The power is transmitted to the feeding shaft 14 through the meshing transmission of a single-tooth gear 17 arranged on the intermediate shaft 16 and a feeding shaft gear 18 on the feeding shaft 14, and the feeding shaft 14 drives the rotary seed conveying frame 20 to rotate.
Referring to fig. 3, the transmission ratio of the feeding shaft gear 18 and the single-tooth gear 17 is determined according to the number of the seed bowls 12 in the seed feeding mechanism. The single-tooth gear 17 on the intermediate shaft 16 is meshed with the shaft conveying gear 18 once, so that the rotating angle of the conveying mechanism is
Figure BDA0000143745490000061
And N is the number of the seed bowls 12. N seed bowls 12 are uniformly distributed along the circumference in the seed feeding mechanism, and in order to ensure that the rotary seed feeding frame 20 just rotates over one circle when the seed sowing device rotates over one circle
Figure BDA0000143745490000062
And (3) making the next seed bowl 12 reach the upper part of the seed feeding hole 19, wherein the transmission ratio is N: 1. For this reason, an intermittent meshing transmission machine is designedAnd (5) forming. The intermittent meshing transmission mechanism comprises a single-tooth gear 17 fixed on the intermediate shaft 16 and a shaft feeding gear 18 fixed on the shaft feeding shaft 14. The seed shaft 1 rotates and drives the intermediate shaft 16 to rotate, and when the single-tooth gear 17 rotates to a meshing area with the feed shaft gear 18, the feed shaft 14 is driven to rotate, so that the rotary seed feeding frame 20 rotates to work.
If 18 seed bowls 12 are arranged in the hole disc type seed feeding mechanism in the embodiment, the transmission ratio of the seed feeding shaft gear 18 to the single-tooth gear 17 is 18: 1, namely, the seed feeding shaft gear 18 rotates 20 degrees every time the single-tooth gear 17 rotates one circle. The seed feeding shaft 14 and the rotary seed feeding frame 20 driven by the seed feeding shaft rotate by 20 degrees, namely the interval angle between the adjacent seed bowls 12 in the rotary seed feeding frame 20. When the single-tooth gear 17 is separated from the seed feeding shaft gear 18, one seed bowl 12 rotates to just above the seed storage cylinder 10 and is positioned and stopped by a positioning device in the rotary seed feeding frame 20.
The seeds enter the seed storage cylinder 10 from the seed bowl 12 and are scattered in a space formed by the outer surface of the seed distribution cone 7 entering the seed sowing adjusting ring 11 and the inner surface of the seed sowing adjusting ring 11 through the stirring of the seed distribution blades 9.
Along with the rotation of the seed-separating cone 7 and the seed-separating blades 9, the seeds are distributed uniformly and slide into the seed-metering tray 5 from the gaps between the diversion trenches 8 distributed on the outer surface of the seed-separating cone 7, the seed-metering adjusting ring 11 and the outer surface of the seed-separating cone 7. Referring to fig. 2, seed blocking insertion plates 6 are arranged on the inner side of the seed discharging tray 5 and are circumferentially distributed below the seed separating cone 7. The number of the seed retaining insertion plates 6 can be selected from 4, 6, 9, 12, 18 and 36. In this embodiment, the number of the seed blocking insertion plates 6 is 12, and the seed discharging tray 5 is divided into 12 fan-shaped areas. The seeds slide into each sector area from the diversion trench 8, and with the rotation of the seeding mechanism, the seeds in each sector area fall into the seeding pipe 4 when reaching the upper part of the seeding pipe 4, and seeding is completed. When the seed metering mechanism rotates for one circle, the seeds in the seed metering tray 5 are just completely seeded, at the moment, the single-tooth gear 17 rotates for one circle and drives the seed bowl 12 in the hole disc type seed feeding mechanism to rotate to the upper part of the seed storage cylinder 10, the seeds fall down, and a new round of seed metering is started.

Claims (8)

1. A kind of herbage plot seeding seed-metering device, including: hole dish type seed feeding mechanism comprising a seed bowl (12), a support hole disk (13), a seed feeding hole (19) and a rotary seed feeding frame (20), and is characterized in that: the forage grass district seeding seed metering ware still includes:
the seed metering mechanism is positioned below the supporting hole disc (13) and corresponds to the seed feeding holes (19) on the supporting hole disc (13); and
and the transmission mechanism is respectively connected with the rotary seed feeding frame (20) in the hole disc type seed feeding mechanism and the seed metering mechanism and is used for driving the rotary seed feeding frame (20) and the seed metering mechanism to rotate.
2. The pasture district seeding seed metering device of claim 1, characterized in that:
the seed metering mechanism comprises a seed distributing cone (7), seed distributing blades (9) which are connected with the seed distributing cone and move synchronously are arranged above the seed distributing cone (7), a flow guide groove (8) is arranged on the conical surface of the seed distributing cone (7) along the direction of a bus, and a seed blocking inserting plate (6) below the seed distributing cone (7) divides the inner side area of the seed metering tray (5) into a plurality of fan-shaped areas.
3. The pasture district seeding seed metering device of claim 2, characterized in that:
the seed storage cylinder (10) is fixed below the hole disc type seed feeding mechanism, and the central line of the seed storage cylinder (10) is superposed with the central line of the seed feeding port (19) on the support hole disc (13);
a seed-metering adjusting ring (11) which is connected with the cylindrical part at the lower part of the seed storage cylinder (10) through screw threads is arranged below the seed storage cylinder (10).
4. The pasture district seeding seed metering device of claim 3, characterized in that:
the clearance between the lower end surface of the seed sowing adjusting ring (11) and the conical surface of the seed separating cone (7) in the vertical direction is 0-10 mm.
5. The pasture district seeding seed metering device of claim 3, characterized in that:
the circumference of the lower end surface of the seed-metering adjusting ring (11) is provided with two types of non-open round holes and open round holes.
6. The pasture district seeding seed metering device of claim 2, characterized in that:
the number of the seed blocking inserting plates (6) is one of 4, 6, 9, 12, 18 and 36.
7. The pasture district seeding seed metering device of claim 1, characterized in that:
the transmission mechanism comprises a seed shaft (1), an intermediate shaft (16) and a feed shaft (14); wherein,
a bevel gear is arranged on the seeding shaft (1) and meshed with another bevel gear arranged on the horizontal shaft (2); a seed shaft gear (3) is additionally arranged on the seed shaft (1) and is meshed with a middle shaft gear (15) arranged on a middle shaft (16); the upper end of the seeding shaft (1) passes through a central hole of the seeding tray (5) and is fixedly connected with the seed separating cone (7) and the seed blocking inserting plate (6); a single-tooth gear (17) is arranged on the intermediate shaft (16) and is meshed with a shaft feeding gear (18) arranged on the shaft feeding shaft (14); the upper part of the seed feeding shaft (14) is connected with a rotary seed feeding frame (20) and can drive the rotary seed feeding frame (20) to rotate.
8. The pasture district seeding seed metering device of claim 7, characterized in that: the single-tooth gear (17) on the intermediate shaft (16) is meshed with the shaft conveying gear (18) once, so that the rotating angle of the shaft conveying mechanism is
Figure FDA0000143745480000021
And N is the number of the seed bowls (12).
CN201210069423XA 2012-03-15 2012-03-15 Seed sowing-metering device for forage plots Pending CN102598924A (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103004334A (en) * 2012-12-24 2013-04-03 中机美诺科技股份有限公司 Full automatic plot precision sowing machine
CN103460864A (en) * 2013-09-18 2013-12-25 中国农业大学 Spiral line gradient type fine-quantity seed sowing device
CN104541700A (en) * 2015-02-07 2015-04-29 李志峰 Deflector rod for seeding machine
CN109315112A (en) * 2018-10-16 2019-02-12 埃森农机常州有限公司 Even scattered type fertilization plant protection machine
CN111788911A (en) * 2020-08-27 2020-10-20 扬州大学 Spiral conical tooth seed metering device

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103004334A (en) * 2012-12-24 2013-04-03 中机美诺科技股份有限公司 Full automatic plot precision sowing machine
CN103004334B (en) * 2012-12-24 2014-12-17 中机美诺科技股份有限公司 Full automatic plot precision sowing machine and its controlling method
CN103460864A (en) * 2013-09-18 2013-12-25 中国农业大学 Spiral line gradient type fine-quantity seed sowing device
CN103460864B (en) * 2013-09-18 2015-08-12 中国农业大学 Helix gradual change precise seeder
CN104541700A (en) * 2015-02-07 2015-04-29 李志峰 Deflector rod for seeding machine
CN109315112A (en) * 2018-10-16 2019-02-12 埃森农机常州有限公司 Even scattered type fertilization plant protection machine
CN109315112B (en) * 2018-10-16 2024-08-13 埃森农机常州有限公司 Even scattered fertilization plant protection machine
CN111788911A (en) * 2020-08-27 2020-10-20 扬州大学 Spiral conical tooth seed metering device

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Application publication date: 20120725