CN107306546B - Corn seeder - Google Patents

Corn seeder Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107306546B
CN107306546B CN201710658622.7A CN201710658622A CN107306546B CN 107306546 B CN107306546 B CN 107306546B CN 201710658622 A CN201710658622 A CN 201710658622A CN 107306546 B CN107306546 B CN 107306546B
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China
Prior art keywords
pipe
seeding
wall
shell
material stirring
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CN201710658622.7A
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CN107306546A (en
Inventor
刘成录
刘成元
贾立辉
马永鑫
杜鹃
刘文国
刘子轩
张法超
张文忠
曲志伟
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Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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Publication of CN107306546A publication Critical patent/CN107306546A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C7/00Sowing
    • A01C7/06Seeders combined with fertilising apparatus
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C19/00Arrangements for driving working parts of fertilisers or seeders
    • A01C19/04Arrangements for driving working parts of fertilisers or seeders by a ground-engaging wheel
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C5/00Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
    • A01C5/04Machines for making or covering holes for sowing or planting

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Sowing (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a corn seeder, belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and aims to solve the problems of uneven seeding, incapability of fertilizing, seed burning, time and labor waste. The invention comprises a walking unit; the seeding unit is arranged on the walking unit and comprises an upper shell, a lower shell, a seeding pipe and a fertilizing pipe; the seeding pipe and the fertilizing pipe are arranged in parallel inside the lower shell and fixedly connected with the inner wall of the lower shell, and the outer wall of the upper end of the lower shell is matched with the inner wall of the upper shell in a sliding manner; a material stirring disc is respectively arranged inside the sowing pipe and the fertilizing pipe, the two material stirring discs are fixed on a material stirring shaft, the material stirring shaft extends out of the side wall of the lower shell, and a plurality of material storage tanks are uniformly distributed on the periphery of each material stirring disc; the storage unit is fixed on the walking unit and is connected with the seeding pipe and the fertilizing pipe; and the rotation of the walking wheel of the walking unit drives the lower shell to reciprocate up and down relative to the upper shell and the material stirring shaft to rotate through the power transmission unit.

Description

Corn seeder
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a corn seeder.
Background
At present, corn planting in China has two modes of manual sowing and mechanical sowing, wherein the manual sowing needs to firstly cultivate soil to realize the purpose of loosening the soil, then stoop to place seeds into an original arranged planting ditch, and finally soil is covered in the planting ditch, so that the traditional sowing method has high labor intensity for sowing personnel, needs to frequently stoop to make the spine of a worker completely deform, is difficult to control the quantity of the sowed corn, generally places 2 to 3 corn seeds into the ditch at a certain interval by feeling, and performs thinning according to the planting density of the corn seedlings after the corn sends out new buds, and the sowing method needs a large amount of manpower and material resources.
The mechanical seeding is to reserve seeds of the corns harvested in the previous season and put the corns into a corn seeder, and the mechanical seeders are various and can be used independently and need to be matched with other large-scale machines; the working efficiency is high in a mode of being matched with a large machine for use, but the accuracy is low; the corn seeder is characterized by comprising two independent use modes, wherein one mode is manual lifting and lowering, the control on the number of corn grains is not accurate, the seeds are wasted, the blanking is difficult to control, meanwhile, the fertilizer and the corn seeds are not separated, the phenomenon of burning out the seeds is easy to occur, the corn seeds need to be continuously added in the seeding process, time is wasted, and the lifting and lowering of the seeder is completely dependent on manual force application and is laborious; another kind of corn drill is seeding carousel formula corn drill, this seeding carousel is driven by the pivot that the motor is connected and is rotated, the seeding carousel is last to have a plurality of seeding grooves, the top of seeding carousel is the corn bin, the rotation of seeding carousel makes in the seeding groove constantly filled up equivalent maize seed, the seeding groove when the seeding carousel rotates to the seeding mouth top of seeder, the bottom plate in the seeding groove is by so articulated, can be because not supporting and dead weight and automatic opening, thereby expose the maize seed in the seeding groove, then the seeding carousel rotates once more, the bottom plate and the closed pole contact of seeding groove, thereby accelerate seeding groove bottom plate closure. The disadvantages of this seeding machine are: the angle of the rotary plate of the sowing turntable is not well controlled, and two sowing grooves are easily rotated at the same sowing point, so that two corn seeds are sown, the sowing is not uniform, the phenomenon of missed sowing is easy to occur, the fertilization can not be realized simultaneously, and the time and the labor are wasted.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a corn seeder, which solves the problems of uneven seeding, incapability of applying fertilizer, seed burning, time and labor waste in the prior art.
To achieve the above object, the corn seeder of the present invention comprises:
a traveling unit;
the seeding unit is arranged on the walking unit and comprises an upper shell, a lower shell, a seeding pipe and a fertilizing pipe; the seeding pipe and the fertilizing pipe are arranged in parallel in the lower shell and fixedly connected with the inner wall of the lower shell, the outer wall of the upper end of the lower shell is in sliding fit with the inner wall of the upper shell, and the upper shell is fixed on the walking unit; the upper ends of the seeding pipe and the fertilizing pipe are both folding telescopic hoses, the lower ends of the seeding pipe and the fertilizing pipe are respectively provided with a hollow conical discharge port, the interiors of the seeding pipe and the fertilizing pipe are respectively provided with a material stirring disc, the axis of the material stirring disc is vertical to the axis of the fertilizing pipe and the axis of the seeding pipe, two material stirring discs are fixed on a material stirring shaft, the material stirring shaft extends out of the side wall of the lower shell, and a plurality of material storage tanks are uniformly distributed on the circumference of each material stirring disc;
the storage unit is fixed on the walking unit and comprises a corn storage box and a fertilizer storage box, the lower end of the corn storage box is connected with the upper end of the sowing pipe through an elbow pipe, and the fertilizer storage box is connected with the fertilizing pipe through an elbow pipe;
and the rotation of the walking wheel of the walking unit drives the lower shell to reciprocate up and down relative to the upper shell and the material stirring shaft to rotate through the power transmission unit.
The walking unit comprises:
a frame;
four travelling wheels arranged at four corners of the lower end of the frame;
the lower bracket is fixed at the upper end of the frame and is of a door-shaped structure, an opening is formed in the upper end face of the lower bracket, and the sowing unit penetrates through the opening;
an upper supporting plate which is positioned at the upper end of the lower bracket and is fixed on the frame; the material storage unit is fixed on the upper end surface of the upper supporting plate, and the upper shell of the sowing unit is fixed on the lower end surface of the upper supporting plate;
and a handrail fixed to the rear portion of the upper end of the frame.
The power transmission unit includes:
the first transmission shaft is arranged on the inner wall of the lower bracket and is connected with a wheel shaft of any one travelling wheel through a chain or a belt;
the second transmission shaft is arranged on the inner wall of the lower bracket and comprises two sections which are connected through a shaft core, one section which is close to the inner wall of the lower bracket is connected with the lower bracket through a bearing, the shaft core extends out of the side wall of the lower bracket, the shaft core is respectively provided with a bulge at the opposite position of the two sections of shafts, the inner walls of the two sections of shafts are respectively provided with a lug boss with a groove, and the bulge is matched with the groove; a section of shaft close to the inner wall of the lower bracket is connected with the first transmission shaft through a chain or a belt;
the belt wheel is fixed on the material stirring shaft, and the belt wheel is connected with a section of shaft of the second transmission shaft, which is far away from the inner wall of the lower bracket, through a belt;
and the second transmission shaft drives the lower shell to reciprocate up and down relative to the upper shell through the driving mechanism, the lower shell moves to the lowest end once relative to the upper shell, and the stirring shaft rotates to drive a storage tank to move to the position below the seeding pipe or the fertilizing pipe.
The drive mechanism includes:
a gear with gear teeth on the semi-circumference and fixed on the second transmission shaft;
and the two racks are arranged oppositely in the vertical direction, and the gear teeth of the gear are respectively matched with the two racks to realize the up-and-down movement of the lower shell.
The number of the stock chutes on each material shifting disc is four.
The outer wall of the upper end of the lower shell and the inner wall of the upper shell are in sliding fit and specifically comprise: the outer wall of the lower shell is provided with a convex sliding block, the inner wall of the upper shell and the sliding block are provided with sliding grooves in the vertical direction at corresponding positions, and the sliding block is in sliding fit with the sliding grooves.
The distance that the discharge port at the lower end of the fertilizing pipe stretches out of the lower shell is greater than the distance that the discharge port at the lower end of the seeding pipe stretches out of the seeding pipe.
The vertical distance between the discharge hole at the lower end of the fertilizing tube and the discharge hole at the lower end of the seeding tube is 2-5cm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the corn seeder, the walking unit is used for realizing integral support, the armrest is used for pushing the whole corn seeder to move manually, and the power transmission unit is structurally designed to enable the wheel shaft to rotate to drive the lower shell to reciprocate and the stirring shaft to rotate, so that the seeding action is realized, the problem of manual lifting is avoided, and labor is saved; the seeding pipe and the fertilizing pipe are arranged at the same time, so that seeding and fertilizing can be carried out at the same time, in addition, the seeding pipe and the fertilizing pipe are divided into two pipelines, the depths of inserting the pipelines into soil are also different, and the phenomenon that seeds are burnt by the mixture of the seeds and the fertilizer is avoided; overall structure is simple, convenient operation, and the precision is high, safe and reliable.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the corn seeder of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a sowing unit of the corn sowing device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the sowing unit of the corn seeder of the present invention;
wherein: 1. the fertilizer distributor comprises a frame, 2, handrails, 3, a lower bracket, 4, an upper supporting plate, 5, traveling wheels, 6, an upper shell, 7, a lower shell, 8, a seeding pipe, 9, a fertilizing pipe, 10, a material stirring disc, 11, a material stirring shaft, 12, a material storage tank, 13, a corn storage box, 14, a fertilizer storage box, 15, a wheel shaft, 16, a first transmission shaft, 17, a second transmission shaft, 18, a gear, 19, a rack, 20 and a belt wheel.
Detailed Description
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the corn seeder of the present invention comprises:
a traveling unit;
the seeding unit is arranged on the walking unit and comprises an upper shell 6, a lower shell 7, a seeding pipe 8 and a fertilizing pipe 9; the seeding pipe 8 and the fertilizing pipe 9 are arranged in parallel inside the lower shell 7 and fixedly connected with the inner wall of the lower shell 7, the outer wall of the upper end of the lower shell 7 is in sliding fit with the inner wall of the upper shell 6, and the upper shell 6 is fixed on the walking unit; the upper ends of the seeding pipe 8 and the fertilizing pipe 9 are both folding telescopic hoses, the lower ends of the seeding pipe 8 and the fertilizing pipe 9 are respectively provided with a hollow conical discharge port, the interiors of the seeding pipe and the fertilizing pipe are respectively provided with a material stirring disc 10, the axial line of the material stirring disc 10 is vertical to the axial lines of the fertilizing pipe 9 and the seeding pipe 8, the two material stirring discs 10 are fixed on a material stirring shaft 11, the material stirring shaft 11 extends out of the side wall of the lower shell 7, and a plurality of material storage tanks 12 are uniformly distributed on the circumference of each material stirring disc 10;
the storage unit is fixed on the walking unit and comprises a corn storage box 13 and a fertilizer storage box 14, the lower end of the corn storage box 13 is connected with the upper end of the sowing pipe 8 through an elbow pipe, and the fertilizer storage box 14 is connected with the fertilizing pipe 9 through an elbow pipe;
and the rotation of the walking wheel 5 of the walking unit drives the lower shell 7 to reciprocate up and down relative to the upper shell 6 and the material stirring shaft 11 to rotate through the power transmission unit.
The walking unit comprises:
a frame 1;
four travelling wheels 5 arranged at four corners of the lower end of the frame 1;
a lower bracket 3 fixed at the upper end of the frame 1, wherein the lower bracket 3 is of a door-shaped structure;
an upper supporting plate 4 which is positioned at the upper end of the lower bracket 3 and fixed on the frame 1; the material storage unit is fixed on the upper end surface of the upper supporting plate 4, and the upper shell 6 of the sowing unit is fixed on the lower end surface of the upper supporting plate 4;
and a handle 2 fixed to the upper rear portion of the frame 1.
The power transmission unit includes:
the first transmission shaft 16 is arranged on the inner wall of the lower bracket 3, and the first transmission shaft 16 is connected with the wheel shaft 15 of any one of the travelling wheels 5 through a chain or a belt;
the second transmission shaft 17 is arranged on the inner wall of the lower bracket 3, the second transmission shaft 17 comprises two sections which are connected through a shaft core, one section which is close to the inner wall of the lower bracket 3 is connected with the lower bracket 3 through a bearing, the shaft core extends out of the side wall of the lower bracket 3, the shaft core is respectively provided with a bulge at the opposite position of the two sections of shafts, the inner walls of the two sections of shafts are respectively provided with a lug boss with a groove, and the bulge is matched with the groove; a section of shaft close to the inner wall of the lower bracket 3 is connected with the first transmission shaft 16 through a chain or a belt; when the mandrel is pulled outwards from the outer side of the lower bracket 3, the two bulges on the mandrel are separated from the grooves on the inner walls of the two sections of shafts, so that the two sections of shafts are independent, the section of shaft close to the inner wall of the lower bracket 3 independently rotates, when the mandrel needs to work, the mandrel is pushed inwards, the two bulges on the mandrel are matched with the grooves on the inner walls of the two sections of shafts, so that the two sections of shafts form an integral transmission shaft and simultaneously rotate;
the belt wheel 20 is fixed on the material stirring shaft 11, and the belt wheel 20 is connected with a section of the second transmission shaft 17 far away from the inner wall of the lower bracket 3 through a belt;
and the second transmission shaft 17 drives the lower shell 7 to reciprocate up and down relative to the upper shell 6 through the driving mechanism, the lower shell 7 moves to the lowest end once relative to the upper shell 6, the material stirring shaft 11 rotates to drive one material storage tank 12 to move to the lower part of the seeding pipe 8 or the fertilizing pipe 9, the distance of 21cm-24cm when the walking wheel 5 walks is ensured, the lower shell 7 reciprocates once relative to the upper shell 6, and simultaneously, the material storage tank 12 on the material stirring plate 10 is driven to rotate to the outlet end through the material stirring shaft 11. According to different actual requirements, the transmission ratio of the power transmission mechanism can be adjusted to realize the adjustment of the planting distance. When in actual use, the distance between the walking wheels 5 at the two sides can be designed and adjusted according to different actual needs.
The drive mechanism includes:
a gear 18 with gear teeth on the semi-circumference fixed on the second transmission shaft 17;
and the racks 19 are fixed on the lower shell 7, the two racks 19 are arranged oppositely in the vertical direction, and the gear teeth of the gear 18 are respectively matched with the two racks 19 to realize the up-and-down movement of the lower shell 7.
The number of the storage troughs 12 on each material stirring disc 10 is four.
The outer wall of the upper end of the lower shell 7 and the inner wall of the upper shell 6 are in sliding fit and specifically comprise: the outer wall of the lower shell 7 is provided with a convex sliding block, the inner wall of the upper shell 6 and the sliding block are provided with sliding grooves in the vertical direction at corresponding positions, and the sliding block is in sliding fit with the sliding grooves.
The distance that the discharge hole at the lower end of the fertilizing tube 9 extends out of the lower shell 7 is greater than the distance that the discharge hole at the lower end of the seeding tube 8 extends out of the seeding tube 8.
The vertical distance between the discharge hole at the lower end of the fertilizing tube 9 and the discharge hole at the lower end of the seeding tube 8 is 2-5cm, the depth of the fertilizing tube 9 inserted into the soil is 7-8cm, and the depth of the seeding tube 8 inserted into the soil is 3-5cm.
The mechanism for reciprocating the lower case 7 relative to the upper case 6 of the present invention may be a cam mechanism or a slider-crank mechanism.

Claims (5)

1. Maize disseminator, its characterized in that includes:
a traveling unit;
the seeding unit is arranged on the walking unit and comprises an upper shell (6), a lower shell (7), a seeding pipe (8) and a fertilizing pipe (9); the seeding pipe (8) and the fertilizing pipe (9) are arranged in parallel inside the lower shell (7) and fixedly connected with the inner wall of the lower shell (7), the outer wall of the upper end of the lower shell (7) is in sliding fit with the inner wall of the upper shell (6), and the upper shell (6) is fixed on the walking unit; the upper ends of the seeding pipe (8) and the fertilizing pipe (9) are both folding telescopic hoses, the lower ends of the seeding pipe and the fertilizing pipe are respectively provided with a hollow conical discharge port, the interiors of the seeding pipe and the fertilizing pipe are respectively provided with a material stirring disc (10), the axis of the material stirring disc (10) is vertical to the axis of the fertilizing pipe (9) and the axis of the seeding pipe (8), the two material stirring discs (10) are fixed on a material stirring shaft (11), the material stirring shaft (11) extends out of the side wall of the lower shell (7), and a plurality of material storage grooves (12) are uniformly distributed on the circumference of each material stirring disc (10);
the storage unit is fixed on the walking unit and comprises a corn storage box (13) and a fertilizer storage box (14), the lower end of the corn storage box (13) is connected with the upper end of the sowing pipe (8) through an elbow pipe, and the fertilizer storage box (14) is connected with the fertilizing pipe (9) through an elbow pipe;
the rotation of the walking wheel (5) of the walking unit drives the lower shell (7) to reciprocate up and down relative to the upper shell (6) and the material stirring shaft (11) to rotate through the power transmission unit;
the walking unit comprises:
a frame (1);
four traveling wheels (5) arranged at four corners of the lower end of the frame (1);
the lower bracket (3) is fixed at the upper end of the frame (1), the lower bracket (3) is of a door-shaped structure, an opening is formed in the upper end face of the lower bracket (3), and the seeding unit penetrates through the opening;
an upper supporting plate (4) which is positioned at the upper end of the lower bracket (3) and fixed on the frame (1); the material storage unit is fixed on the upper end face of the upper supporting plate (4), and the upper shell (6) of the sowing unit is fixed on the lower end face of the upper supporting plate (4);
and a handrail (2) fixed at the rear part of the upper end of the frame (1);
the power transmission unit includes:
the first transmission shaft (16) is arranged on the inner wall of the lower bracket (3), and the first transmission shaft (16) is connected with a wheel shaft (15) of any one travelling wheel (5) through a chain or a belt;
the second transmission shaft (17) is arranged on the inner wall of the lower bracket (3), the second transmission shaft (17) comprises two sections which are connected through a shaft core, one section which is close to the inner wall of the lower bracket (3) is connected with the lower bracket (3) through a bearing, the shaft core extends out of the side wall of the lower bracket (3), the shaft core is respectively provided with a bulge at the opposite position of the two sections of shafts, the inner walls of the two sections of shafts are respectively provided with a lug boss with a groove, and the bulge is matched with the groove; a section of shaft close to the inner wall of the lower bracket (3) is connected with the first transmission shaft (16) through a chain or a belt;
the belt wheel (20) is fixed on the material stirring shaft (11), and the belt wheel (20) is connected with a section of shaft, away from the inner wall of the lower bracket (3), of the second transmission shaft (17) through a belt;
the second transmission shaft (17) drives the lower shell (7) to reciprocate up and down relative to the upper shell (6) through the driving mechanism, the lower shell (7) moves to the lowest end once relative to the upper shell (6), and the material stirring shaft (11) rotates to drive one material storage tank (12) to move to the position below the seeding pipe (8) or the fertilizing pipe (9);
the distance that the discharge hole at the lower end of the fertilizing tube (9) extends out of the lower shell (7) is greater than the distance that the discharge hole at the lower end of the seeding tube (8) extends out of the seeding tube (8).
2. The corn disseminator as claimed in claim 1, wherein the drive mechanism comprises:
a gear (18) with gear teeth on the semi-circumference and fixed on the second transmission shaft (17);
and the racks (19) are fixed on the lower shell (7), the two racks (19) are arranged oppositely in the vertical direction, and the gear teeth of the gear (18) are respectively matched with the two racks (19) to realize the up-and-down movement of the lower shell (7).
3. The corn planter as claimed in claim 1, wherein the number of the holding grooves (12) on each material-poking disc (10) is four.
4. The corn seeder of claim 1, wherein the sliding fit between the outer wall of the upper end of the lower housing (7) and the inner wall of the upper housing (6) is specifically: the outer wall of the lower shell (7) is provided with a convex sliding block, the inner wall of the upper shell (6) and the sliding block are provided with sliding grooves in the vertical direction at corresponding positions, and the sliding blocks are in sliding fit with the sliding grooves.
5. The corn seeder according to claim 1, wherein the vertical distance between the discharge port at the lower end of the fertilizing tube (9) and the discharge port at the lower end of the seeding tube (8) is 2-5cm.
CN201710658622.7A 2017-08-04 2017-08-04 Corn seeder Active CN107306546B (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201710658622.7A CN107306546B (en) 2017-08-04 2017-08-04 Corn seeder

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CN107306546B true CN107306546B (en) 2023-02-21

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Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108377696A (en) * 2018-02-02 2018-08-10 黄冰莹 A kind of agricultural mechanical fertilizer-discharging device
CN111108863A (en) * 2020-02-03 2020-05-08 江西天稻粮安种业有限公司 Seeder with fertilizer supplementing function
CN111386818A (en) * 2020-03-24 2020-07-10 安振 Forestry fertilization equipment
CN111656919B (en) * 2020-07-13 2022-03-04 山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 Multi-point fertilizing and seeding disc and fertilizing and seeding all-in-one machine with same
CN114451107A (en) * 2022-01-12 2022-05-10 黑龙江省林业科学院伊春分院 Chinese-medicinal material is planted and is used seeder
CN115428622B (en) * 2022-08-12 2023-11-24 安徽天平机械股份有限公司 Rice vertical layering seed and fertilizer simultaneous sowing method and seed and fertilizer simultaneous sowing machine

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA2275811A1 (en) * 1999-06-15 2000-12-15 Vale Farms Ltd. Hydraulic compression system for seeder
CN205357058U (en) * 2016-01-13 2016-07-06 漯河市农业科学院 Seeding fertilization all -in -one
CN106416537A (en) * 2016-12-07 2017-02-22 芜湖仓实农业装备制造有限公司 Seedling burning prevention device of multifunctional sowing machine
CN207185158U (en) * 2017-08-04 2018-04-06 吉林省农业科学院 Corn seeder

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA2275811A1 (en) * 1999-06-15 2000-12-15 Vale Farms Ltd. Hydraulic compression system for seeder
CN205357058U (en) * 2016-01-13 2016-07-06 漯河市农业科学院 Seeding fertilization all -in -one
CN106416537A (en) * 2016-12-07 2017-02-22 芜湖仓实农业装备制造有限公司 Seedling burning prevention device of multifunctional sowing machine
CN207185158U (en) * 2017-08-04 2018-04-06 吉林省农业科学院 Corn seeder

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