CN108684261A - Disc type rape essence amount dispenser - Google Patents

Disc type rape essence amount dispenser Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108684261A
CN108684261A CN201810260810.9A CN201810260810A CN108684261A CN 108684261 A CN108684261 A CN 108684261A CN 201810260810 A CN201810260810 A CN 201810260810A CN 108684261 A CN108684261 A CN 108684261A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
rotating disk
ontology
spiral
lower cover
disc type
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Granted
Application number
CN201810260810.9A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN108684261B (en
Inventor
廖庆喜
姚露
廖宜涛
丁幼春
舒彩霞
袁佳诚
王迪
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Huazhong Agricultural University
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Huazhong Agricultural University
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Priority to CN201810260810.9A priority Critical patent/CN108684261B/en
Publication of CN108684261A publication Critical patent/CN108684261A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN108684261B publication Critical patent/CN108684261B/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C7/00Sowing
    • A01C7/18Machines for depositing quantities of seed at intervals
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C7/00Sowing
    • A01C7/20Parts of seeders for conducting and depositing seed

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Sowing (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of disc type rape essence amount dispensers, including upper cover, the lower cover being connect with the upper cover pairing, mounted on the upper cap upper surface middle part position into kind of a sleeve, be arranged the rotating disk that is combined to form in cavity by the upper cover and the lower cover and be inserted into it is described into kind of sleeve hollow cavity and with the spiral of the hollow cavity clearance fit into kind of an item, and the lower cover is sequentially passed through from bottom to top, the rotating disk is until the spiral is inserted into the main shaft of kind of item in top, and the spiral passes through the through-hole of the upper cover until being against the intermediate position of the rotating disk into the bottom of kind of item.Using spiral into kind of item with guide vane rotating disk Combination Design, the generation for phenomena such as preventing knot doming effect, while reducing sowing link, effectively reducing breakage, block, it can also be achieved essence amount to adjust into kind of amount and ensure each row discharge capacity consistency, to improve Mechanization sowing level.

Description

Disc type rape essence amount dispenser
Technical field
The present invention relates to the seeding technique fields of agricultural machinery, and in particular to a kind of disc type rape essence amount seeding dress It sets.
Background technology
Rape production mechanization sowing is the key link in agricultural production, and seeding quality significantly affects the growth quality of crop And yield.Existing rapeseed cultivation mode is divided into artificial broadcast, culturing and transplanting seedlings and mechanization and three kinds of modes is broadcast live.Artificial broadcast side Formula can cause seed to waste, and plant is unevenly distributed the problems such as influencing plant growing way and the underproduction;The artificial demand of culturing and transplanting seedlings Amount is big, and labor intensity is high, and production efficiency is low, seriously constrains the stable development of Rape industry;Essential core is broadcast live in mechanization Component is feed mechanism for seed.Traditional precise seeder belongs to " a device uniline " pattern more, although being easier to realize precision drilling, There are huge structure, cost is higher the problems such as;And centralized feed mechanism for seed structure height simplifies concentration, and the structure of complete machine can be made to become It obtains compact, it is easy to accomplish high speed, wide cut operation significantly improve seeding efficiency.Collection row device in centrifugal feed, only rely on from Mental and physical efforts apply active force to seed, complete seeding process, this has important realistic meaning to the development of seeder.But there are still some Problem:As mechanically sowed the phenomenon that still seed breakage rate can be caused higher, precise control is being difficult to realize into kind measuring, can led Knot arch or kind is caused to measure excessive phenomenon.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is deficiencies in view of the above technology, provide a kind of smart measure of energy realization and adjust into kind of amount, an anti-arc And damaged, clogging and the disc type rape essence amount seeding dress with preferably each row discharge capacity consistency can be effectively reduced It sets.
To achieve the above object, the present invention designed by disc type rape essence amount dispenser, including upper cover, with it is described The lower cover of upper cover pairing connection, mounted on the upper cap upper surface middle part position into kind of a sleeve, setting by the upper cover and Rotating disk that the lower cover is combined to form in cavity and being inserted into described is matched into kind of sleeve hollow cavity and with the hollow cavity gap The spiral of conjunction into kind of an item, and sequentially pass through from bottom to top the lower cover, the rotating disk until top screw in the spiral into The main shaft of kind item, and the spiral passes through the through-hole of the upper cover until being against the middle part of the rotating disk into the bottom of kind of item Position;Wherein, the spiral includes hollow circuit cylinder ontology, is arranged in the shape of a spiral along the hollow circuit cylinder body peripheral edge into kind of an item Helical blade and the broken arch being arranged on hollow circuit cylinder ontology top are bored, and the helix angle of helical blade is more than rape seed The inclination angle of natural sliding friction angle, broken arch cone is 55 °~65 °;The rotating disk include the rotating disk ontology with central through hole and The spiral of Archimedes guide vane being along the circumferential direction uniformly arranged on the rotating disk ontology.
Further, the rotating disk ontology includes positive taper rotating disk ontology and is arranged in the positive taper rotating disk sheet The one circle annulus at body edge;The spiral of Archimedes guide vane height is 8~10mm, and the spiral of Archimedes is led Leaf start position at the rotation 30~35mm of disk center, the spiral of Archimedes guide vane terminal plane with it is described Rotating disk ontology ragged edge along in approximately the same plane and with the lower cover inner wall clearance fit.
Further, the rotating disk ontology is hollow rotating disk ontology, and the rotating disk ontology hollow cavity is provided with Boss, the boss are matched with the lower cover cavity wheel hub.
Further, the lower cover include lower cover ontology, be arranged the pedestal of the lower cover ontology bottom surface and several Along the circumferential direction be uniformly arranged on the lower cover body edges goes out kind of a mouth;It is described go out kind of mouth be connected to the cavity, and it is every The lower edge inner wall for going out kind of mouth described in a and the bottom surface of the rotating disk maintain an equal level;It is described go out kind of mouth seed-guiding cavity include rectangular The curvature of row frame, circular frame and the fillet surface for connecting rectangle frame and circular frame, the fillet surface is more than rape seed certainly Right angle of repose, and it is described go out kind of mouth lower edge rounded corner.
Further, the lower cover ontology be distributed uniformly and circumferentially number with it is described go out the identical card of kind of mouth number Slot, it is described go out kind of mouth and the card slot be fitting to connection in corresponding;Each card slot inward flange rounded corner;The lower base Seat is along the circumferential direction evenly distributed with several root reinforcing ribs.
Further, the inner wall of the hollow circuit cylinder ontology is equipped with and the matched internal thread of main shaft external screw thread, institute State central through hole inner wall be provided with the matched keyway of key on the main shaft, and the internal diameter of the hollow circuit cylinder ontology with The internal diameter of the central through hole is identical.
Further, the seed inlet for including hollow cylinder into kind of sleeve and being formed on the hollow cylinder top.
Further, further include oblique reinforcing plate that both sides are connect with the hollow cylinder and the upper cover respectively.
Further, the upper surface of the upper cover is additionally provided with backing plate, and one side of the oblique reinforcing plate is connect with the backing plate.
Further, the broken arch cone is bored for conical broken arch.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:Using spiral into kind of item with guide vane rotating disk group The generation for phenomena such as closing design, preventing knot doming effect, while reducing sowing link, effectively reduce breakage, block, can also be real Existing essence amount adjusts into kind of amount and improves each row discharge capacity consistency and uniformity, to improve Mechanization sowing level;For difference The breadth difference amount of broadcasting, can be according to the helical blade of the Demand Design different in width of application rate, but spiral is not necessarily into a kind outer diameter Change, requirement can be realized in the thickness for only changing hollow circuit cylinder ontology, and replacing options are simple, easy to operate, applicable various works Sowing under condition, work efficiency is high.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the overall structure diagram of disc type rape essence amount dispenser of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the whole schematic cross-sectional view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 be Fig. 1 in spiral into kind structural schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is schematic diagram of rotating disk structure in Fig. 1;
Fig. 5 is rotating disk ground plan in Fig. 4;
Fig. 6 is lower cover ontology diagram in Fig. 1;
Fig. 7 is to go out kind of a mouth figure in Fig. 1.
In figure:Upper cover 1 is (wherein:Through-hole 1.1), lower cover 2 (wherein:Lower cover ontology 2.1, pedestal 2.2, wheel hub 2.3, card slot 2.4), (wherein into kind of sleeve 3:Seed inlet 3.1, hollow cavity 3.2, hollow cylinder 3.3), lug 4, go out kind of mouth 5 (wherein:Below Edge 5.1, rectangle frame 5.2, fillet surface 5.3, circular frame 5.4, lower edge 5.5), oblique reinforcing plate 6, backing plate 7, main shaft 8, spiral (wherein into kind of item 9:Helical blade 9.1, internal thread 9.2, broken arch cone 9.3, hollow circuit cylinder ontology 9.4), rotating disk 10 (wherein: Central through hole 10.1, keyway 10.2, spiral of Archimedes guide vane 10.3, rotating disk ontology 10.4, boss 10.5, positive taper Rotating disk ontology 10.6, annulus 10.7), cavity 11.
Specific implementation mode
The following further describes the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Disc type rape essence amount dispenser as shown in Figures 1 and 2, including upper cover 1, lower cover 2, into kind of sleeve 3, spiral Into kind of item 9, rotating disk 10 and main shaft 8.Wherein, 1 upper surface of upper cover is fixed on by backing plate 7 into 3 bottom of kind of sleeve;Spiral is into kind Item 9 be inserted into 3 hollow cavity 3.2 of kind of sleeve and with 3.2 clearance fit of hollow cavity, be gap-matched and ensure spiral into kind of item 9 It can be rotated into 3 inside non-resistance of kind of sleeve, and each side gap is not more than the diameter of a rapeseed;The setting of rotating disk 10 exists In the cavity 11 be combined to form by upper cover 1 and lower cover 2, also, spiral into the bottom of kind of item 9 pass through 1 through-hole 1.1 of upper cover with into kind Sleeve 3 is until be against the intermediate position of rotating disk 10, using lug 4, bolt company after 2 pairing of upper cover 1 and lower cover in the present embodiment The mode of connecing is fixed;Main shaft 8 then sequentially passes through lower cover 2, rotating disk 10 until top screws in spiral into kind of item 9 from bottom to top.
In the present embodiment, if lower cover 2 include lower cover ontology 2.1, be arranged 2.1 bottom surface of lower cover ontology pedestal 2.2 and Dry be along the circumferential direction uniformly arranged on 2.1 edge of lower cover ontology go out kind of mouth 5 (such as in the present embodiment eight be evenly arranged Go out kind of a mouth 5), wherein pedestal 2.2 facilitates fastening on rack.Each go out kind of mouth 5 to be connected to cavity 11, and each goes out kind 5.1 inner wall of lower edge of mouth 5 maintains an equal level with the bottom surface of rotating disk 10, can make to reach by spiral of Archimedes guide vane 10.3 The seed grain at 10 edge of rotating disk timely enters out kind of mouth and shows without be stranded in that 2 inner cavity of lower cover occurs that seed breakage rate increases As, and do not influence the kind subflow subsequently reached, for avoid each row from cutout phenomenon occur and can be improved each row discharge capacity consistency with Uniformity.In addition, in conjunction with shown in Fig. 7, the seed-guiding cavity for going out kind of mouth 5 includes rectangular row frame 5.2, circular frame 5.4 and connection rectangle The curvature of the fillet surface 5.3 of frame 5.2 and circular frame 5.4, fillet surface is more than rape seed natural angle of repose, and goes out kind 5.5 rounded corner of lower edge of mouth 5, convenient for the connection with grain conductor road.In the present embodiment, lower cover ontology 2.1 is along the circumferential direction equal It is even that number is distributed with and goes out the identical card slot 2.4 of 5 numbers of kind of mouth, go out kind of mouth 5 with card slot 2.4 in fitting connection is corresponded, often 2.4 inward flange rounded corner of a card slot was preferably bonded convenient for base Mead spiral linear guide vane 10.3 in rotary course therewith It crosses, and can effectively reduce the breakage rate of seed.2 pedestal 2.2 of lower cover is along the circumferential direction evenly distributed with several root reinforcing ribs, to carry There is phenomena such as deformation, cracking when preventing field from sowing due to the actual conditions such as vibrating, tilting in high integral strength.
In addition, into kind of sleeve 3 include hollow cylinder 3.3 and 3.3 top of hollow cylinder formed seed inlet 3.1, it is hollow Oblique reinforcing plate 6 is lined between cylinder 3.3 and backing plate 7, and (i.e. the both sides of oblique reinforcing plate 6 are connect with hollow cylinder 3.3 and backing plate 7 respectively ), oblique reinforcing plate 6 ensures the stability in dispenser motion process;The upper end of seed inlet 3.1 by way of chimeric with External plants case connection, cross section are circle.Certain volume space is formed at seed inlet 3.1 as the buffering bucket into kind, and this Kind fitting connection mode is dismantled convenient for plants case, and fixed form is convenient and simple.
In conjunction with shown in Fig. 3, spiral includes hollow circuit cylinder ontology 9.4, is in along 9.4 outer peripheral edge of hollow circuit cylinder ontology into kind of item 9 The helical blade 9.1 of helical form setting and the broken arch being arranged on 9.4 top of hollow circuit cylinder ontology bore 9.3, the spiral shell of helical blade 9.1 The natural sliding friction angle that lift angle is more than rape seed is revolved, so that seed can be reduced pair due to its own gravity natural downslide The demand of spiral thrust, broken arch cone can extend to plants case lowermost end, can be opposite in the rape seed subgroup in plants case and generate disturbance work With, prevent rape seed group generate knot doming effect cause cannot continuously into kind and occur in practical farm work billet, lack Phenomena such as seedling;, can be according to the helical blade of the Demand Design different in width of application rate for the different breadth difference amounts of broadcasting, but spiral shell 9 internal diameter of precession kind item is without changing, and only (even helical blade width increases then the thickness requirement of change hollow circuit cylinder ontology 9.4 The corresponding hollow circuit cylinder ontology wall thickness that reduces ensures that the sum of helical blade width and hollow circuit cylinder ontology wall thickness are constant) it can be realized pair The effective control for the amount of broadcasting reaches essence amount drilling, and replacing options are simple, easy to operate, the sowing under applicable various operating modes, work It is efficient.
Broken arch cone 9.3 is that conical broken arch is bored in the present embodiment, and the inclination angle of broken arch cone 9.3 is 55 °~65 ° and (is preferably 60 °), during work, conical broken arch cone rotates together under the drive of main shaft, plays the role of stirring kind, prevents knot arch and shows As ensureing normally orderly into kind, and seed is greatly reducing breakage rate in the process into kind, is not in clogging.In conjunction with Shown in Fig. 4, rotating disk 10 includes the rotating disk ontology 10.4 with central through hole 10.1 and is along the circumferential direction uniformly arranged on rotation Spiral of Archimedes guide vane 10.3 on disk ontology 10.4;Rotating disk ontology 10.4 includes positive taper rotating disk ontology 10.6 Annulus 10.7 is enclosed the one of positive 10.6 edge of taper rotating disk ontology with being arranged, 10.3 height of spiral of Archimedes guide vane is 8~10mm, 10.3 start position of spiral of Archimedes guide vane at 10 30~35mm of center (preferably 32mm) of rotating disk, 10.3 terminal plane of spiral of Archimedes guide vane and rotating disk ontology 10.4 ragged edge along in approximately the same plane and with 2 inner wall clearance fit of lower cover.When rape seed reaches 10 top of rotating disk by seed inlet 3.1, spiral of Archimedes is led Leaf 10.3 is used as guide rail, so that the evenly dispersed arrival eight of seed is gone out kind of mouth 5, reaches ground via seed spout, realize seeding process. In the present embodiment, rotating disk ontology 10.4 is hollow rotating disk ontology, reduces itself dead weight and avoids barycenter from being not in as possible It entreats and leads to that centrifugal force is excessive the phenomenon that double swerve occurs, and reduce the contact area with lower interior surface, reduce friction Power, power consumption smaller and rotation are evenly;Meanwhile rotating disk ontology hollow cavity is provided with boss 10.5, boss and 2 inner cavity of lower cover Wheel hub 2.3 matches, and as shown in Figure 5, Figure 6, improves stability when rotation.
Spiral into the hollow circuit cylinder ontology 9.4 of kind of item 9 inner wall be equipped with the matched internal thread 9.2 of 8 external screw thread of main shaft, The inner wall of central through hole 10.1 is provided with and the matched keyway 10.2 of key on main shaft 8, and the internal diameter of hollow circuit cylinder ontology 9.4 It is identical as the internal diameter of rotating disk central through hole 10.1 so that main shaft 8 can be attached with spiral into kind of item 9 by screw thread, to So that the rotating disk 10 and spiral that are connected on main shaft 8 are fastened by interaction force into kind of item 9, ensure that in dispenser Be not in loosen or excessively fastening leads to frictional resistance excessive the phenomenon that cannot moving in the course of work.
When work, the take-off (propeller) shaft of drive system of seeder sends power to main shaft 8,8 band of main shaft by shaft coupling Dynamic rotating disk 10 and spiral are rotated into kind of item 9, and kind of mouth 5 can be delivered to out from top to down into the rape seed in kind of sleeve 3 Kind of a bed is reached by seed spout road, and is fixed in rack by different levels be bolted into kind of sleeve 3, upper cover 1 and lower cover 2, it is real Now entire seeding process.
The disc type rape essence amount dispenser of the present invention is combined into kind of item with the rotating disk with guide vane using spiral The generation for phenomena such as designing, preventing knot doming effect, while reducing sowing link, effectively reduce breakage, block, can also be achieved Essence amount adjusts into kind of amount and ensures each row discharge capacity consistency, to improve Mechanization sowing level.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of disc type rape essence amount dispenser, it is characterised in that:Connect including upper cover (1), with the upper cover (1) pairing The lower cover (2) that connects, be mounted on position among the upper cover (1) upper surface into kind of a sleeve (3), be arranged by the upper cover (1) It is interior into kind of a sleeve (3) hollow cavity (3.2) described in the rotating disk (10) being combined to form in cavity (11) with the lower cover (2) and insertion And with the spiral of the hollow cavity (3.2) clearance fit into kind of an item (9), and the lower cover (2), institute are sequentially passed through from bottom to top Rotating disk (10) is stated until top screws in the spiral into the main shaft (8) of kind of an item (9), and the spiral is into the bottom of kind of an item (9) Through-hole (1.1) across the upper cover (1) is until be against the intermediate position of the rotating disk (10);Wherein, the spiral is into kind The helical-blade that item (9) includes hollow circuit cylinder ontology (9.4), is arranged in the shape of a spiral along hollow circuit cylinder ontology (9.4) outer peripheral edge The broken arch of piece (9.1) and setting on hollow circuit cylinder ontology (9.4) top bores (9.3), the helix angle of helical blade (9.1) More than the natural sliding friction angle of rape seed, the inclination angle that broken arch bores (9.3) is 55 °~65 °;The rotating disk (10) includes band It the rotating disk ontology (10.4) of central through hole (10.1) and is along the circumferential direction uniformly arranged on the rotating disk ontology (10.4) Spiral of Archimedes guide vane (10.3).
2. disc type rape essence amount dispenser according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The rotating disk ontology (10.4) include the circle of positive taper rotating disk ontology (10.6) and setting at positive taper rotating disk ontology (10.6) edge Annulus (10.7);The spiral of Archimedes guide vane (10.3) is highly 8~10mm, and the spiral of Archimedes is led Leaf (10.3) start position is at the rotating disk (10) 30~35mm of center, the spiral of Archimedes guide vane (10.3) terminal plane is in approximately the same plane and interior with the lower cover (2) with rotating disk ontology (10.4) ragged edge edge Wall clearance fit.
3. disc type rape essence amount dispenser according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The rotating disk ontology (10.4) it is hollow rotating disk ontology, rotating disk ontology (10.4) hollow cavity is provided with boss (10.5), the boss (10.5) it is matched with the lower cover (2) inner cavity wheel hub (2.3).
4. disc type rape essence amount dispenser according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Under the lower cover (2) includes Lid ontology (2.1), setting the pedestal (2.2) of lower cover ontology (2.1) bottom surface and several along the circumferential direction uniformly set It sets and goes out kind of a mouth (5) at lower cover ontology (2.1) edge;It is described go out kind of mouth (5) be connected to the cavity (11), and it is each It is described go out kind of mouth (5) the bottom surface of lower edge (5.1) inner wall and the rotating disk (10) maintain an equal level;It is described go out kind of mouth (5) Seed-guiding cavity includes the fillet surface of rectangular row frame (5.2), circular frame (5.4) and connection rectangle frame (5.2) and circular frame (5.4) (5.3), the curvature of the fillet surface (5.3) be more than rape seed natural angle of repose, and it is described go out kind of mouth (5) it is following Along (5.5) rounded corner.
5. disc type rape essence amount dispenser according to claim 4, it is characterised in that:The lower cover ontology (2.1) Be distributed uniformly and circumferentially number with it is described go out the identical card slot (2.4) of kind of mouth (5) number, it is described go out kind of mouth (5) and institute Card slot (2.4) is stated to be fitting to connection in one-to-one correspondence;Each card slot (2.4) inward flange rounded corner;Lower cover (2) pedestal (2.2) several root reinforcing ribs are along the circumferential direction evenly distributed with.
6. disc type rape essence amount dispenser according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The hollow circuit cylinder ontology (9.4) inner wall be equipped with the matched internal thread of the main shaft (8) external screw thread (9.2), the central through hole (10.1) it is interior Wall be provided with the matched keyway of key (10.2) on the main shaft (8), and the internal diameter of the hollow circuit cylinder ontology (9.4) with The internal diameter of the central through hole (10.1) is identical.
7. disc type rape essence amount dispenser according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:It is described to be wrapped into kind of a sleeve (3) The seed inlet (3.1) for including hollow cylinder (3.3) and being formed on the hollow cylinder (3.3) top.
8. disc type rape essence amount dispenser according to claim 7, it is characterised in that:Further include both sides respectively with institute State the oblique reinforcing plate (6) of hollow cylinder (3.3) and the upper cover (1) connection.
9. disc type rape essence amount dispenser according to claim 8, it is characterised in that:The upper table of the upper cover (1) Face is additionally provided with backing plate (7), and one side of the oblique reinforcing plate (6) is connect with the backing plate (7).
10. disc type rape essence amount dispenser according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The broken arch bores (9.3) Conical broken arch cone.
CN201810260810.9A 2018-03-27 2018-03-27 Rotary disk type rape precise seed metering device Active CN108684261B (en)

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Cited By (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109983889A (en) * 2019-04-25 2019-07-09 哈尔滨理工大学 A kind of centrifugal corn seeder
CN110550214A (en) * 2019-10-04 2019-12-10 通辽市神鹰飞机制造有限公司 seeding drive arrangement of agricultural aircraft
CN117461453A (en) * 2023-12-26 2024-01-30 内蒙古大学 Degraded grassland rejuvenation and fertilization method

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109983889A (en) * 2019-04-25 2019-07-09 哈尔滨理工大学 A kind of centrifugal corn seeder
CN110550214A (en) * 2019-10-04 2019-12-10 通辽市神鹰飞机制造有限公司 seeding drive arrangement of agricultural aircraft
CN117461453A (en) * 2023-12-26 2024-01-30 内蒙古大学 Degraded grassland rejuvenation and fertilization method
CN117461453B (en) * 2023-12-26 2024-03-12 内蒙古大学 Degraded grassland rejuvenation and fertilization method

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