CN102976863A - Water-retention and slow-release fertilizer - Google Patents
Water-retention and slow-release fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN102976863A CN102976863A CN2012105883098A CN201210588309A CN102976863A CN 102976863 A CN102976863 A CN 102976863A CN 2012105883098 A CN2012105883098 A CN 2012105883098A CN 201210588309 A CN201210588309 A CN 201210588309A CN 102976863 A CN102976863 A CN 102976863A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of fertilizers and specifically relates to a water-retention and slow-release fertilizer. The water-retention and slow-release fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70-80 parts of coated slow-release fertilizer or low-solubility slow-release fertilizer, 15-20 parts of water retention agent, 1-2 parts of biological bacteria, 5-10 parts of humic acid and 5-15 parts of soil conditioner. The prepared water-retention and slow-release fertilizer disclosed by the invention has the advantages of low cost and simplicity and convenience in application, and can adjust the water absorbency of the fertilizer according to different crops, soil, climate and other conditions and be widely applied to grain crops, cash crops, horticultural plants and the like. The water-retention and slow-release fertilizer disclosed by the invention has long effective period, and can greatly reduce the loss of the fertilizer caused by volatilization and eluviation, enable the limited fertilizer and water to be fully absorbed and utilized by the plants, achieve the integration of the water and the fertilizer and improve the soil. Through the application of the water-retention and slow-release fertilizer, the irrigation cost of farmland can be reduced and the high-efficient water conservation purpose can be achieved. The water-retention and slow-release fertilizer disclosed by the invention can greatly improve the utilization rate of nutrients and effectively control the pollution of the crops and an environment caused by the application of the fertilizer.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of fertilizers, be specifically related to a kind of the fertilizer of retaining water and releasing nutrients slowly.
Background technology
Fertilizer provides the essential nutritive element of one or more plants, improves soil property, a class material of the level of increasing soil fertility, and is one of basic substance of agriculture production.
Slow release fertilizer claims again slow-release fertilizer, is the class fertilizer new variety that development in recent years is got up, and this class fertilizer can replace the partial function of organic fertilizer, reduces the loss of nutrient in the fertilizer, improves fertilizer efficiency, weakens fertilizer to the pollution of soil.Slow release fertilizer mainly comprises coated fertilizer and low solubility fertilizer.Coated fertilizer is for the function of improving fertilizer or performance, is coated with one deck at its particle surface and has the fertilizer that microporous hydrophobic indissoluble film is made, and utilizes the coating pore size, and chemistry or biological decomposition are controlled nutrient releasing speed.The low solubility slow release fertilizer can be with plain disk or drum granulating equipment making, and the production process cost is low, and the fertilizer price is low, but low solubility slow release fertilizer controlled release properties is relatively poor, and how not ideal enough the slow release effect of fertilizer is.
Water-holding agent mixes usually with slow release fertilizer to be used, but water-holding agent mixes with slow release fertilizer when using, and easily reduces its swelling ability, and the water-absorbing-retaining ability reduces.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiency that prior art exists, the fertilizer of retaining water and releasing nutrients slowly of a kind of water conservation and had good sustained release effect is provided.
Purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of the fertilizer of retaining water and releasing nutrients slowly, and it comprises the raw material of following weight part:
Coated slow release fertilizer or low solubility slow release fertilizer 70-80 part
Water-holding agent 15-20 part
Biological bacteria 1-2 part
Humic acids 5-10 part
Soil conditioner 5-15 part.
Wherein, described coated slow release fertilizer is nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium simple substance, binary or ternary resin coated fertilizer, or contains nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium simple substance, binary or the ternary resin coated fertilizer of trace elements iron, manganese, copper, zinc, boron, molybdenum, magnesium, sulphur, aluminium.
Wherein, described low solubility slow release fertilizer is urea formaldehyde, urea acetaldehyde or urea isobutyric aldehyde.
Wherein, described water-holding agent is the mixing water-holding agent of starch-series water-holding agent and cellulose-based water-holding agent, the advantage that has kept simultaneously starch based and cellulose family water-holding agent, stability is high, water absorbing properties is good, and the weight ratio of described starch-series water-holding agent and cellulose-based water-holding agent is 1:2-1:5.
Wherein, described starch water-holding agent is starch-grafted vinyl cyanide or starch graft acrylamide, and described Mierocrystalline cellulose water-holding agent is cellulose graft vinyl cyanide or cellulose graft acrylamide.
Wherein, soil conditioner is biomass char.The biomass char surface has very high surfactivity, can carry nutrient for farm crop, is conducive to keep moisture, can allows a large amount of microorganisms multiply in its surface honeycomb gap, and then improve the fertility in soil, strengthens the output in soil.Why the present invention adopts biomass char, the firstth, because the polynuclear plane of biomass char can keep moisture, play the effect of water-holding agent, the secondth, because the biological bacteria that the polynuclear plane of biomass char can allow the present invention adopt is multiplied in a large number, can improve the fertility in soil, play the effect of soil conditioner, the 3rd is because the polynuclear plane of biomass char, can be in the duct after fertilizer is water-soluble sluggish flow, further play the effect of slowly-releasing.Particle diameter with biomass char among the present invention is controlled at 0.01-0.1cm, and the above-mentioned effect of performance is best.
Wherein, soil conditioner is that sewage sludge biomass is burnt.Sewage sludge biomass is burnt can to improve acid soil owing to contain the alkaline matters such as calcium, magnesium, also can replenish simultaneously the elements such as the required calcium of crop growth, magnesium, plays the effect of soil conditioner.
Wherein, described biological bacteria is the EM biological bacteria.The fermentation technique that is the multiple beneficial microorganism that will comprise aerobic bacteria and anerobe by uniqueness organically combines, wherein each microorganism alternate in breeding is long altogether, form a powerful integral body, many-sided effects such as performance " useful decomposition ", " anti-oxidant ".Mainly contain among the EM take milk-acid bacteria, yeast, photosynthetic bacteria etc. as main beneficial microorganism.EM is thrown in environment, can form dominant microflora in the part, the boot environment micropopulation is to the good direction activity, and suppresses the propagation of spoilage organism, pathogeny bacterium, improves environment, improvement soil, purifies water, eliminates stink, suppresses corrupt effect thereby play.
The present invention compared with prior art, have following advantage and beneficial effect: the Water-retaining slow-release fertilizer that the present invention makes, with low cost, use easy, can be according to conditions such as different crops, soil, weathers, adjust the water absorbent rate of fertilizer, be widely used in food crop, cash crop, gardening plant etc.The Water-retaining slow-release fertilizer fertilizer efficiency period is long, but decrease fertilizer makes limited fertilizer and moisture fully be absorbed by plant because of the loss that volatilization, leaching cause, and reaches the liquid manure one, improvement soil.Use Water-retaining slow-release fertilizer and can reduce the field irrigation cost, reach the purpose of high-efficiency water-saving.Use Water-retaining slow-release fertilizer and can greatly improve plant recovery of nutrient, effectively controlled the pollution of Term Fertilization to crop and environment.In a word, the product that technical scheme of the present invention obtains not only has good water-retentivity but also have good slow-releasing, and the fertilizer element utilization ratio improves, and has alleviated environmental pollution, promotes plant growth.
Embodiment
For the ease of those skilled in the art's understanding, the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with embodiment, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
Embodiment 1.
Be that 5 kilograms of adding stirrers of biomass char of 0.01cm stir with 70 kilograms of Repone K coated slow release fertilizers, 5 kilograms of starch-grafted vinyl cyanide water-holding agents, 10 kilograms of cellulose graft vinyl cyanide water-holding agents, 1 kilogram of EM biological bacteria, 5 kilograms of humic acidss, particle diameter, pack namely obtains Water-retaining slow-release fertilizer.
Water-retaining slow-release fertilizer with present embodiment, use respectively with conventional slow release fertilizer and to carry out pot experiment, equate under the condition at nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium nutrition content, the more conventional slow release fertilizer irrigation times of Water-retaining slow-release fertilizer and water the water yield and obviously reduce, water use efficiency improves 55%, and plant recovery of nutrient improves about 12; Longer blooming period, pattern is bright-coloured, has improved the ornamental value of flowers.
Embodiment 2.
Be that 10 kilograms of adding stirrers of biomass char of 0.05cm stir with 75 kilograms of low solubility slow release fertilizer urea formaldehydes, 4.5 kilograms of starch-grafted vinyl cyanide water-holding agents, 13.5 kilograms of cellulose graft acrylamide water-holding agents, 1 kilogram of EM biological bacteria, 8 kilograms of humic acidss, particle diameter, pack namely obtains Water-retaining slow-release fertilizer.
Water-retaining slow-release fertilizer with present embodiment, use respectively with conventional slow release fertilizer and to carry out rape test, equate under the condition at nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium nutrition content, the more conventional slow release fertilizer irrigation times of Water-retaining slow-release fertilizer and water the water yield and obviously reduce, water use efficiency improves 50%, and plant recovery of nutrient improves about 10%; Yield of rape improves 30%.
Embodiment 3.
Be that 15 kilograms of adding stirrers of biomass char of 0.01-0.1cm stir with 45 kilograms in urea, 35 kilograms of diammonium phosphate, 4 kilograms of starch graft acrylamide water-holding agents, 16 kilograms of cellulose graft acrylamide water-holding agents, 2 kilograms of EM biological bacteria, 10 kilograms of humic acidss, particle diameter, pack namely obtains Water-retaining slow-release fertilizer.
Make respectively base manure with conventional urea, diammonium phosphate, Repone K, compare test in the wheat Production of Large Fields, equate under the condition at nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, silicon nutrient content, use conventional fertilizer nutrient and discharge soon, the Wheat Seedling growing way shows slightly advantage; But enter vegetative growth phase and the reproductive growth after date of going forward side by side, the Water-retaining slow-release fertilizer of this enforcement is made the most of the advantage gradually.
Test-results shows, uses the slow release fertilizer of this enforcement, than 55 kilograms of every mu of volume increase of conventional fertilizer application wheats, volume increase 16%, Water-retaining slow-release fertilizer nutritive element discharge with the wheat absorption basically identical, have improved plant recovery of nutrient, wherein nitrogen improves 9.1%, and phosphorus improves 8.0%, and potassium improves 9.2%.Simultaneously, because the water holding effect of water-holding agent in the fertilizer has reduced irrigation frequency and irrigation quantity, efficiency of water application improves 20%.
Embodiment 4.
Be that 10 kilograms of the biomass chars of 0.1cm stir with 75 kilograms of low solubility slow release fertilizer urea isobutyric aldehydes, 3 kilograms of starch-grafted vinyl cyanide water-holding agents, 15 kilograms of cellulose graft vinyl cyanide water-holding agents, 2 kilograms of EM biological bacteria, 8 kilograms of humic acidss, particle diameter, pack namely obtains Water-retaining slow-release fertilizer.
Water-retaining slow-release fertilizer with present embodiment, be applied in respectively the apple orchard test with conventional slow release fertilizer, equate under the condition at nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium nutrition content, the more conventional slow release fertilizer irrigation times of Water-retaining slow-release fertilizer and water the water yield and obviously reduce, water use efficiency improves 30%, plant recovery of nutrient improves about 10%, and apple production improves 10%.
Above-described embodiment is the better embodiment of the present invention, but embodiments of the present invention are not restricted to the described embodiments, and the equivalent variations of therefore doing according to the present patent application claim is included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. the fertilizer of retaining water and releasing nutrients slowly, it is characterized in that: it comprises the raw material of following weight part:
Coated slow release fertilizer or low solubility slow release fertilizer 70-80 part
Water-holding agent 15-20 part
Biological bacteria 1-2 part
Humic acids 5-10 part
Soil conditioner 5-15 part.
2. a kind of the fertilizer of retaining water and releasing nutrients slowly according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described: described coated slow release fertilizer is nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium simple substance, binary or ternary resin coated fertilizer, or contains nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium simple substance, binary or the ternary resin coated fertilizer of trace elements iron, manganese, copper, zinc, boron, molybdenum, magnesium, sulphur, aluminium.
3. a kind of the fertilizer of retaining water and releasing nutrients slowly according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described low solubility slow release fertilizer is urea formaldehyde, urea acetaldehyde or urea isobutyric aldehyde.
4. a kind of the fertilizer of retaining water and releasing nutrients slowly according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described water-holding agent is the mixing water-holding agent of starch-series water-holding agent and cellulose-based water-holding agent, and the weight ratio of described starch-series water-holding agent and cellulose-based water-holding agent is 1:2-1:5.
5. a kind of the fertilizer of retaining water and releasing nutrients slowly according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described starch water-holding agent is starch-grafted vinyl cyanide or starch graft acrylamide, described Mierocrystalline cellulose water-holding agent is cellulose graft vinyl cyanide or cellulose graft acrylamide.
6. a kind of the fertilizer of retaining water and releasing nutrients slowly according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: soil conditioner is biomass char.
7. a kind of the fertilizer of retaining water and releasing nutrients slowly according to claim 6 is characterized in that: to be rubbish or mud decompose a kind of main component that forms to described biomass char under 400-900 degree centigrade and oxygen free condition be the solid matter of carbon.
8. a kind of the fertilizer of retaining water and releasing nutrients slowly according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: the particle diameter of described biomass char is 0.01-0.1cm.
9. a kind of the fertilizer of retaining water and releasing nutrients slowly according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described biological bacteria is the EM biological bacteria.
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| CN201210588309.8A CN102976863B (en) | 2012-12-29 | 2012-12-29 | Water-retention and slow-release fertilizer |
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| CN103694052A (en) * | 2013-12-23 | 2014-04-02 | 营口博科环保材料有限公司 | Multiple-effect super absorbent resin fertilizer and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN104045426A (en) * | 2014-05-28 | 2014-09-17 | 马鞍山市心洲葡萄专业合作社 | Leaf-containing biological organic composite coated fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN104045484A (en) * | 2014-05-28 | 2014-09-17 | 马鞍山市心洲葡萄专业合作社 | Economic and environmental-protection functional biological organic coated fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN104045480A (en) * | 2014-05-28 | 2014-09-17 | 马鞍山市心洲葡萄专业合作社 | Amino acid-containing biological organic composite coated fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN104692916A (en) * | 2015-01-29 | 2015-06-10 | 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 | Special ecological fertilizer for maca as well as preparation method and application thereof |
| CN104892319A (en) * | 2015-06-10 | 2015-09-09 | 张家港市鸿嘉数字科技有限公司 | Slow-release fertilizer for potatoes |
| CN104892328A (en) * | 2015-06-12 | 2015-09-09 | 刘彬 | Organic-inorganic fertilizer with earth temperature raising effect |
| CN105967894A (en) * | 2016-06-16 | 2016-09-28 | 广东大众农业科技股份有限公司 | Efficient environment-friendly nitrogen fertilizer based on biomass charcoal and production process thereof |
| CN106396899A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-02-15 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | Liquid conditioning agent suitable for integrated water and fertilizer drip irrigation application |
| CN106397070A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-02-15 | 周岩 | Compound water retaining slow release fertilizer and production method thereof |
| CN106416496A (en) * | 2016-09-04 | 2017-02-22 | 云南省能源研究院有限公司 | Fertilizing method for crops planted under plateau photovoltaic panels |
| CN106699485A (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2017-05-24 | 山东农业大学 | Fruit tree honeycomb fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN106748457A (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2017-05-31 | 陆高尚 | A kind of special fertilizer for orchid |
| CN106892778A (en) * | 2017-03-13 | 2017-06-27 | 叶长东 | A kind of water keeping fertilizer |
| CN108395358A (en) * | 2018-06-04 | 2018-08-14 | 山西省农业科学院果树研究所 | A kind of planting fruit trees compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN108727137A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2018-11-02 | 广西海泉农业有限公司 | The special the fertilizer of retaining water and releasing nutrients slowly of dragon fruit and its application |
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| CN103694052A (en) * | 2013-12-23 | 2014-04-02 | 营口博科环保材料有限公司 | Multiple-effect super absorbent resin fertilizer and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN104045480B (en) * | 2014-05-28 | 2016-03-02 | 马鞍山市心洲葡萄专业合作社 | A kind of containing amino acid whose biological organic composite coated fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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| CN104892319A (en) * | 2015-06-10 | 2015-09-09 | 张家港市鸿嘉数字科技有限公司 | Slow-release fertilizer for potatoes |
| CN104892328A (en) * | 2015-06-12 | 2015-09-09 | 刘彬 | Organic-inorganic fertilizer with earth temperature raising effect |
| CN105967894A (en) * | 2016-06-16 | 2016-09-28 | 广东大众农业科技股份有限公司 | Efficient environment-friendly nitrogen fertilizer based on biomass charcoal and production process thereof |
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| CN106892778B (en) * | 2017-03-13 | 2021-07-09 | 叶长东 | Water-retaining fertilizer |
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| CN109180373A (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-01-11 | 湖南农业大学 | A kind of pueraria lobata organic and inorganic compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN109721164A (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2019-05-07 | 昆山市建设工程质量检测中心 | The biology for having water conservation and slow release plant nutrient is detained facility filter layer filler |
| CN109721164B (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2021-09-07 | 昆山市建设工程质量检测中心 | Biological retention facility filter layer filler with water retention and slow plant nutrition release functions |
| CN109734538A (en) * | 2019-03-07 | 2019-05-10 | 钱省 | A kind of agricultural planting fertilizer and preparation method thereof that can effectively facilitate plant root growth |
| CN110028367A (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2019-07-19 | 烟台富慧农业科技有限公司 | A kind of multifunction soil compound fertilizer and preparation method |
| CN113200790A (en) * | 2021-04-08 | 2021-08-03 | 林轩 | Soluble solid slow-release fertilizer agent and application method thereof |
| CN114145094A (en) * | 2021-11-15 | 2022-03-08 | 辽宁省农业科学院 | Vegetation restoration method for northern ecological fragile area |
| CN114145094B (en) * | 2021-11-15 | 2022-10-18 | 辽宁省农业科学院 | Vegetation restoration method for northern ecological fragile area |
| CN114568253A (en) * | 2022-01-21 | 2022-06-03 | 瑞派尔(宜昌)科技集团股份有限公司 | Anti-impact ecological planting particle |
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