CN1583684A - Water-retaining slow-releasnig fertilizer - Google Patents
Water-retaining slow-releasnig fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN1583684A CN1583684A CN 03153942 CN03153942A CN1583684A CN 1583684 A CN1583684 A CN 1583684A CN 03153942 CN03153942 CN 03153942 CN 03153942 A CN03153942 A CN 03153942A CN 1583684 A CN1583684 A CN 1583684A
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- release fertilizer
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 159
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229920001059 synthetic polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- AMIMRNSIRUDHCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropylaldehyde Chemical compound CC(C)C=O AMIMRNSIRUDHCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000122 growth hormone Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001807 Urea-formaldehyde Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- ODGAOXROABLFNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N polynoxylin Chemical group O=C.NC(N)=O ODGAOXROABLFNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- RGSMDLROAMCLFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetaldehyde;urea Chemical compound CC=O.NC(N)=O RGSMDLROAMCLFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006322 acrylamide copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 31
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 17
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 14
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 11
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 10
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 10
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N divanadium pentaoxide Chemical compound O=[V](=O)O[V](=O)=O GNTDGMZSJNCJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 5
- CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[K+].[K+] CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910001950 potassium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229960001866 silicon dioxide Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000005696 Diammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 4
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 4
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910000388 diammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000019838 diammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 230000001976 improved effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000021049 nutrient content Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003905 agrochemical Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)manganese;manganese Chemical compound [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000003621 irrigation water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001850 reproductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009105 vegetative growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000003643 Callosities Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 244000163122 Curcuma domestica Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000003392 Curcuma domestica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000002395 Euphorbia pulcherrima Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010016807 Fluid retention Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010020649 Hyperkeratosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000016383 Zea mays subsp huehuetenangensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000009973 maize Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000116 mitigating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002686 phosphate fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
A slow-releasing water-preserving fertilizer contains the water -preserving agent chosen from starch, cellulose and synthetic polymer, the slow-releasing fertilizer chosen from N,P,K, the mixture of N,P and K, trace elements, etc, and the water-quenched slags.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of agricultural fertilizer, particularly a kind of water-holding slow-release fertilizer.
Background technology
China is a large agricultural country, is again the country of an arid, semiarid area maximum, so drought-relief is an important step in the agriculture production.The water-holding agent that uses in agriculture production at present has good water conservation drought resisting performance, has obtained good result on solution crop water shortage and desertification treatment.The research of water-holding agent in farming, forestry starts from the end of the eighties, and the technology of having succeeded in developing so far has: nursery stock transplanting dips in root, raising rice seedlings, drought-resistant seeding, seed pelleting etc.
Slow release fertilizer claims slow-release fertilizer again, is the class fertilizer new variety that development in recent years is got up, and this class fertilizer can replace the partial function of organic fertilizer, reduces the loss of nutrient in the fertilizer, improves fertilizer efficiency, weakens the pollution of fertilizer to soil.Slow release fertilizer mainly comprises coated fertilizer and low solubility fertilizer.Coated fertilizer is for the function of improving fertilizer or performance, is coated with one deck at its particle surface to have the fertilizer that microporous hydrophobic indissoluble film is made, and utilizes the coating pore size, and chemistry or biological decomposition are controlled nutrient releasing speed.Coated fertilizer mainly contains coated with resin fertilizer and sulfur coated fertilizer, and it can be nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) straight fertilizer coating, also can be binary or the ternary fertilizer coating in nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), the potassium (K).
Because the slow release fertilizer nutrient releasing speed is slow, can not cause the soil salt excessive concentration, thereby slow release fertilizer uses with the water-holding agent blending, can not influence water-holding agent water-absorbing-retaining ability, on the contrary, water-holding agent also can adsorb the part nutrient that slow release fertilizer discharged in absorption moisture content, discharge again when crop needs by the time, the effect that reach nutrient secondary slowly-releasing, steadily discharges, the absorption releasing mechanism of this liquid manure one has improved the utilization ratio of nutrient and moisture.
Studies show that, when water-holding agent and general chemistry application of mixed fertilizers, easily reduce its swelling ability, i.e. water-absorbing-retaining ability, so the water-holding agent product does not generally contain fertilizer component, and the water-holding agent price is generally relatively more expensive, uses time-consumingly separately, it is bigger to promote difficulty.
Existing patent " long-acting water-retaining complex fertilizer " (application number: 01110553.4), though the granulation that also water-holding agent and fertilizer combined owing to its used chemical fertilizer mostly is salt, greatly reduces the absorbent function of water-holding agent.
Blast furnace water quenching slag is the by product in the iron manufacturing process, also is that a kind of silico-calcium farming is fertile, and wherein contained copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), iron many compositions such as (Fe) are trace element fertilizers of farm crop.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of water-holding slow-release fertilizer with preserve moisture and fertility double effects.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following technical scheme: a kind of water-holding slow-release fertilizer comprises the component of following parts by weight: water-holding agent: slow release fertilizer=1～4: 1～6.
In order to strengthen the action effect of water-holding slow-release fertilizer, comprise also in the described water-holding slow-release fertilizer that ratio of weight and number is 1～5 Water Quenching Slag.
Described water-holding slow-release fertilizer is made up of following components by weight portion: water-holding agent: slow release fertilizer: Water Quenching Slag=1: 4: 5.
Also contain the plant growth hormones that ratio of weight and number is 100-1000ppm in the described water-holding slow-release fertilizer, described plant growth hormones is a root-inducing powder etc.
Described water-holding agent is starch water-holding agent, Mierocrystalline cellulose water-holding agent or synthetic polymer water-holding agent.
Described starch water-holding agent is starch-grafted vinyl cyanide, starch grafted acrylate, starch graft acrylamide etc.; Described Mierocrystalline cellulose water-holding agent is cellulose graft vinyl cyanide, cellulose graft acrylate, cellulose graft acrylamide etc.; Described synthetic polymer water-holding agent is Polyacrylamide, polyacrylate, vinylformic acid and acrylamide copolymer, polyvinyl alcohol etc.
Described slow release fertilizer is coated fertilizer or low solubility fertilizer.
Described coated fertilizer is nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium simple substance, binary, ternary resin coated fertilizer, or contains nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium simple substance, binary, the ternary resin coated fertilizer of trace elements iron, manganese, copper, zinc, boron, molybdenum etc.; Described low solubility fertilizer is urea formaldehyde, urea acetaldehyde or urea isobutyric aldehyde.
Described Water Quenching Slag is the blast furnace ironmaking Water Quenching Slag of calcic, magnesium, silicon, copper, manganese.
When specifically preparing water-holding slow-release fertilizer, can the component of water-holding slow-release fertilizer be adjusted according to the needs characteristics of different crops.
Water-holding agent claims super strength water absorbent or hydroscopic high-molecular resin again, and it is a kind of macromolecular material with specific function.Water-holding agent not only water-absorbent, water-retentivity is very good, and it can form crumb structure in soil, makes soil water permeability, ventilation property strengthen, and the temperature difference in soil daytime and evening is dwindled; It can also absorb fertilizer, agricultural chemicals simultaneously, makes it to discharge slowly, strengthens fertilizer, agricultural chemicals effect.Can improve the soil, the water conservation drought resisting, create good envrionment conditions for plant seed germination, growth and development of plants.
Rationally use slow release fertilizer can improve utilization rate of fertilizer greatly, save fertilizer, reduce cost, experiment shows, uses coated fertilizer can improve utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer about 20%, improves phosphate fertilizer utilization efficiency about 10%, improve potassium utilization rate about 15%, food crop volume increase 10%～20%.Use coated fertilizer can carry out single fertilization, save the labor force.Because utilization rate of fertilizer improves, the loss of fertilizer in soil reduces, and also just reduced the volatilization of fertilizer and runs off to atmosphere and contaminated water source, and environment protection is played a role.In addition, slow release fertilizer can be used with seedling, has and does not burn seedling, does not hinder the advantage of root.
The waste residue that produces when Water Quenching Slag is blast furnace ironmaking claims blast furnace slag again.The chemical ingredients of blast furnace slag is mainly calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, silicon-dioxide, aluminum oxide and manganese oxide etc.Blast furnace slag is through the shrend chilling, have little time to form crystallizable mineral and wherein chemical energy is stored in the vitreum of formation, thereby have higher lateral reactivity, therefore, blast furnace slag is that a kind of silico-calcium farming is fertile, and many compositions such as wherein contained copper, manganese are the trace element fertilizers that farm crop need.The present invention creatively is used for Water Quenching Slag water-holding slow-release fertilizer, and the waste residue when not only making blast furnace ironmaking has obtained utilization, and can improve the effect of water-holding slow-release fertilizer greatly.
Water-holding slow-release fertilizer of the present invention, because raw material has adopted slow release fertilizer, the slow stripping of nutrient, can not cause soil solution salt concentration too high, simultaneously, because various raw material adopts the physical property blending, water-holding agent particle and fertiliser granulates have kept certain distance, thereby, avoided soil solution salt concentration height to the water-holding agent Effect on Performance.Behind the water-holding slow-release incorporation of fertilizerin the soil of the present invention, under the interaction of each component, can improve the buffer capacity of soil, prevent moisture, nutrient loss, improve the utilization ratio of crop soil moisture, nutrient to moisture, nutrient.
Therefore the present invention has the following advantages owing to take above technical scheme:
1, water-holding slow-release fertilizer, with low cost, use easy, can be according to conditions such as different crops, soil, weathers, adjust the water absorbent rate of fertilizer; Application process is similar to general agricultural fertilizer method.Can be widely used in food crop, cash crop, gardening plant etc.
2, use water-holding slow-release fertilizer, can play the effect of water conservation joint fertilizer, long-acting volume increase.The water-holding slow-release fertilizer efficiency phase is long, absorbent function can reach 2～5 years, can reduce fertilizer significantly because of the loss of volatilizing, leaching caused, limited fertilizer and moisture are fully absorbed by plant, reach the liquid manure one, improving the soil, help the purpose of plant growth, is that general fertilizers and water-holding agent are difficult to realize simultaneously.
3, use water-holding slow-release fertilizer, can reduce the field irrigation cost, reach the purpose of high-efficiency water-saving.Water saving agricultural facility costs such as sprinkling irrigation at present, drip irrigation are higher, can't big area promote,, crop and nursery stock safety are survived as promoting water-holding slow-release fertilizer, also can save 30～50% irrigation water, alleviate agroforestry and industry, municipal contradiction of fighting for water.With 50～80 cubic metres of calculating of water saving of every mu of year, 100,000,000 mu of soils, 50～80 billion cubic meters of can economizing on water are equivalent to 15～25% of China's year water deficit.
4, use water-holding slow-release fertilizer, the may command farmland pollution, improve farmland ecological environment.Water-holding slow-release fertilizer is produced by the scientific formula manufacturing, its prescription is different because of crop and soil, can greatly improve plant recovery of nutrient, has effectively controlled fertilizer and has used pollution to crop and environment.
5, use water-holding slow-release fertilizer, can play check winds and fix drifting sand, the effect of ecology recovering environment, alleviate the threat of sandstorm.The distinctive water conservation of water-holding slow-release fertilizer, fix the sand effect and help the drought resisting mitigation, improvement sandy land and desert.Rationally use in the area more than 400 millimeters in annual precipitation, plant survival rate can reach 95%; In desertification treatment and western part of China exploitation, has remarkable advantages.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: the production of the special-purpose water-holding slow-release fertilizer of paddy rice
With 100 kilograms of the Polyacrylamide of granularity basically identical, nitrogen, phosphorus, the ratio of weight and number of potassium content is 14: 14: 14 400 kilograms of coated fertilizers, 500 kilograms of Water Quenching Slag (containing silicon-dioxide 34%) and ratio of weight and number are that plant establishment powder and the adding mixing tank of 800ppm (comprises stirrer, rotary drum, shaking tray, double cone mixer etc.) in, started mixing tank 1～2 minute, discharging then, pack, obtain Polyacrylamide like this and accounted for 10%, the NPK coated fertilizer accounts for 40%, Water Quenching Slag accounts for 50%, and be the loose admixture of uniform mixture form, become the special-purpose water-holding slow-release bulk blended fertilizer of paddy rice, wherein contained various available nutrients are as follows: nitrogen 5.6%, Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES 5.6%, potassium oxide 5.6%, silica 1 7% and relevant trace element, total available nutrient is 34%.This fertilizer also can adopt the way production of artificial blending except that with the mechanical mixing production, and is as follows.
Embodiment 2: the test of paddy field application by throwing them water-holding slow-release fertilizer efficiency
This test is experimental field carried out in agrotechnical station, Haidian District, Beijing City Shang Zhuan township.With the special-purpose water-holding slow-release fertilizer of the paddy rice of embodiment 1, make base manure respectively with conventional urea, diammonium phosphate, Repone K, in rice field production, oppose, equate under the condition at nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, silicon nutrient content than test, use conventional fertilizer nutrient and discharge soon, the rice seedling growing way shows slightly advantage; But enter vegetative growth phase and the reproductive growth after date of going forward side by side, the special-purpose water-holding slow-release fertilizer of paddy rice is made the most of the advantage gradually.Test-results shows, use the special-purpose water-holding slow-release fertilizer of paddy rice than 36.5 kilograms in every mu of volume increase of conventional fertilizer application paddy rice, volume increase 12.5%, 38 yuan of mu volume increase values, water-holding slow-release fertilizer nutritive element discharges with paddy rice and absorbs basically identical, has improved plant recovery of nutrient, and wherein nitrogen improves 9.5%, phosphorus improves 6.8%, and potassium improves 7.9%.Simultaneously, because the water holding effect of water-holding agent in the fertilizer has reduced irrigation frequency and irrigation quantity, efficiency of water application improves about 15%.
Embodiment 3: the production of the special-purpose water-holding slow-release fertilizer of corn
100 kilograms of starch grafted acrylates, nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P with the granularity basically identical
2O
5), potassium (K
2O) ratio of weight and number of content is 14: 14: 14 600 kilograms of coated fertilizers, 300 kilograms of Water Quenching Slag (containing silicon-dioxide 34%) and ratio of weight and number are that the plant establishment powder adding mixing tank of 100ppm (comprises stirrer, rotary drum, shaking tray, double cone mixer etc.) in, started mixing tank 1～2 minute, discharging then, pack, obtain starch grafted acrylate like this and accounted for 10%, the NPK coated fertilizer accounts for 60%, Water Quenching Slag accounts for 30%, and be the loose admixture of uniform mixture form substantially, become the special-purpose water-holding slow-release fertilizer of corn, wherein contained various available nutrients are as follows: nitrogen 8.4%, Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES 8.4%, potassium oxide 8.4%, silica 1 0% and relevant trace element, total available nutrient is 35%.
Embodiment 4: corn field is used the test of water-holding slow-release fertilizer efficiency
This test is carried out in the Gaotang County, Shandong Province.With the special-purpose water-holding slow-release fertilizer of the corn of embodiment 3, make base manure respectively with conventional urea, diammonium phosphate, Repone K, in the corn land for growing field crops produces, oppose, equate under the condition at nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, silicon nutrient content than test, use conventional fertilizer nutrient and discharge soon, corn growing way in seedling stage shows slightly advantage; But enter vegetative growth phase and the reproductive growth after date of going forward side by side, the special-purpose water-holding slow-release fertilizer of corn is made the most of the advantage gradually.Test-results shows, use the special-purpose water-holding slow-release fertilizer of corn, than 44.5 kilograms of every mu of volume increase of conventional fertilizer application corns, volume increase 14.5%, 42 yuan of mu volume increase values, water-holding slow-release fertilizer nutritive element discharges and the Maize Absorption basically identical, improved plant recovery of nutrient, wherein nitrogen improves 8.9%, and phosphorus improves 7.8%, and potassium improves 9.1%.Simultaneously, because the water holding effect of water-holding agent in the fertilizer has reduced irrigation frequency and irrigation quantity, efficiency of water application improves about 19%.
Embodiment 5: the production of the special-purpose water-holding slow-release fertilizer in lawn
400 kilograms of Polyacrylamide, nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P with the granularity basically identical
2O
5), potassium (K
2O) ratio of weight and number of content is that 100 kilograms (this fertilizer is by 40 kilograms of urea formaldehydes for 21: 14: 18 bulk blended fertilizer, 30 kilograms of diammonium phosphate, 30 kilograms big grain Repone K are formed), Water Quenching Slag 500 kilograms (containing silicon-dioxide 34%) adds mixing tank and (comprises stirrer, rotary drum, shaking tray, double cone mixer etc.) in, started mixing tank 1～2 minute, discharging then, pack, obtain Polyacrylamide and account for 40%, the NPK bulk blended fertilizer accounts for 10%, Water Quenching Slag accounts for 50%, and be the loose admixture of uniform mixture form substantially, become the special-purpose water-holding slow-release fertilizer in lawn, wherein contained various available nutrients are as follows: nitrogen 2.1%, Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES 1.4%, potassium oxide 1.8%, silica 1 7% and relevant trace element, total available nutrient is 22.3%.
Embodiment 6: the test of water-holding slow-release fertilizer efficiency is used on the lawn
This test is carried out in the Beijing City Agriculture and Forestry Institute.With the special-purpose water-holding slow-release fertilizer in the lawn of embodiment 5, make the sub-district topdressing test respectively with conventional urea, diammonium phosphate, Repone K, plot experiment area 3.5m
2, equate under the condition at nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, silicon nutrient content, use conventional fertilizer nutrient and discharge fast, lawn performance excessive growth, because improper ventilation causes the blade yellow, influenced the quality on lawn after the excessive growth, the number of times showed increased of watering simultaneously, caused the waste of moisture and nutrient, in addition, because lawn excessive growth, increased the pruning number of times, the effort of taking a lot of work; And the sub-district of using the special-purpose water-holding slow-release fertilizer in lawn, the lawn growing way is steady, and leaf look viridescent is gratifying, and the level ground face is smooth, and green period is long, and the well developed root system ability that conserves water and soil is strong, wide adaptability, anti-low level management; Because the nutrient of water-holding slow-release fertilizer slowly discharges, and has avoided lawn excessive growth, has reduced fertilizer application frequency, improve plant recovery of nutrient about 10%; Because the water retention of water-holding agent has reduced the number of times that waters on lawn, save irrigation water 20% simultaneously; In addition,, reduced the pruning number of times, saved labor because the lawn growing way is slow.
Embodiment 7: the production of the special-purpose water-holding slow-release fertilizer of vegetables
400 kilograms of Polyacrylamide, nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P with the granularity basically identical
2O
5), potassium (K
2O) ratio of weight and number of content is in 100 kilograms of adding mixing tanks of coated fertilizer (comprising stirrer, rotary drum, shaking tray, double cone mixer etc.) of 14: 14: 14, started mixing tank 1～2 minute, discharging then, pack, obtained that Polyacrylamide accounts for 80%, the NPK coated fertilizer accounts for 20%, and be the loose admixture of uniform mixture form substantially, become the special-purpose water-holding slow-release fertilizer of vegetables, wherein contained various available nutrients are as follows: nitrogen 3%, Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES 3%, potassium oxide 3%, total available nutrient is 9%.
Embodiment 8: vegetables are used the test of water-holding slow-release fertilizer efficiency
This test is carried out in the Beijing City Agriculture and Forestry Institute.With the special-purpose water-holding slow-release fertilizer of the vegetables of embodiment 7, use respectively with conventional slow release fertilizer and to carry out pot experiment, equate under the condition at nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium nutrition content, water number of times and water the water yield and obviously reduce of the more conventional slow release fertilizer of water-holding slow-release fertilizer, water use efficiency improves 50%, and plant recovery of nutrient improves about 10%; Yield of rape improves 30%.
Embodiment 9: the production of the special-purpose water-holding slow-release fertilizer of flowers
With 400 kilograms of the cellulose graft vinyl cyanide of granularity basically identical, contain trace elements iron, manganese, copper, zinc, boron, molybdenum, nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P
2O
5), potassium (K
2O) ratio of weight and number of content is 14: 14: 14 200 kilograms of coated fertilizers, ratio of weight and number is that plant establishment powder and 400 kilograms of Water Quenching Slag (containing silicon-dioxide 34%) adding mixing tank of 100-1000ppm (comprises stirrer, rotary drum, shaking tray, double cone mixer etc.) in, started mixing tank 1～2 minute, discharging then, pack, obtain Polyacrylamide and accounted for 40%, the NPK coated fertilizer accounts for 20%, Water Quenching Slag accounts for 40%, and be the loose admixture of uniform mixture form substantially, become the special-purpose water-holding slow-release fertilizer of flowers, wherein contained various available nutrients are as follows: nitrogen 3%, Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES 3%, potassium oxide 3%, silica comprises 13.6%.Total available nutrient is 22.6%.
Embodiment 10: flowers are used the test of water-holding slow-release fertilizer efficiency
This test is carried out in the Beijing City Agriculture and Forestry Institute, is turmeric, poinsettia for the examination flowers.With the special-purpose water-holding slow-release fertilizer of the flowers of embodiment 9, use respectively with conventional slow release fertilizer and to carry out pot experiment, equate under the condition at nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium nutrition content, water number of times and water the water yield and obviously reduce of the more conventional slow release fertilizer of water-holding slow-release fertilizer, water use efficiency improves 50%, and plant recovery of nutrient improves about 10%; Longer blooming period, pattern is bright-coloured, has improved the ornamental value of flowers.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of water-holding slow-release fertilizer comprises following components by weight portion: water-holding agent: slow release fertilizer=1～4: 1～6.
2, water-holding slow-release fertilizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: comprise also in the described water-holding slow-release fertilizer that ratio of weight and number is 1～5 Water Quenching Slag.
3, water-holding slow-release fertilizer according to claim 2 is characterized in that: described water-holding slow-release fertilizer is made up of following components by weight portion: water-holding agent: slow release fertilizer: Water Quenching Slag=1: 4: 5.
4, water-holding slow-release fertilizer according to claim 2 is characterized in that: also contain the plant growth hormones that parts by weight are 100-1000ppm in the described water-holding slow-release fertilizer.
5, water-holding slow-release fertilizer according to claim 4 is characterized in that: described plant growth hormones is a root-inducing powder.
6, according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 described water-holding slow-release fertilizer, it is characterized in that: described water-holding agent is that starch is water-holding agent, cellulose-based water-holding agent or synthetic polymer water-holding agent.
7, water-holding slow-release fertilizer according to claim 6 is characterized in that: described starch water-holding agent is starch-grafted vinyl cyanide, starch grafted acrylate, starch graft acrylamide etc.; Described Mierocrystalline cellulose water-holding agent is cellulose graft vinyl cyanide, cellulose graft acrylate, cellulose graft acrylamide etc.; Described synthetic polymer water-holding agent is Polyacrylamide, polyacrylate, vinylformic acid and acrylamide copolymer, polyvinyl alcohol etc.
8, according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 described water-holding slow-release fertilizer, it is characterized in that: described slow release fertilizer is coated fertilizer or low solubility fertilizer.
9, water-holding slow-release fertilizer according to claim 8, it is characterized in that: described coated fertilizer is nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium simple substance, binary, ternary resin coated fertilizer, or contains nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium simple substance, binary, the ternary resin coated fertilizer of trace elements iron, manganese, copper, zinc, boron, molybdenum; Described low solubility fertilizer is urea formaldehyde, urea acetaldehyde or urea isobutyric aldehyde.
10, according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 described water-holding slow-release fertilizer, it is characterized in that: described Water Quenching Slag is the blast furnace ironmaking Water Quenching Slag of calcic, magnesium, silicon, copper, manganese.
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| CN 03153942 CN1288116C (en) | 2003-08-21 | 2003-08-21 | Water-retaining slow-releasnig fertilizer |
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| CN101805227A (en) * | 2010-04-16 | 2010-08-18 | 范友 | Slow control release biological inorganic and organic mixed fertilizer |
| CN101973811A (en) * | 2010-10-08 | 2011-02-16 | 谢浩 | Multielement compound fertilizer |
| CN102020517A (en) * | 2010-08-25 | 2011-04-20 | 国际竹藤网络中心 | Slow release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN102140049A (en) * | 2011-05-07 | 2011-08-03 | 贵州元泰科技有限公司 | Water retention and sustained-release combined cup fertilizer |
| CN102167646A (en) * | 2011-04-29 | 2011-08-31 | 安徽省天享肥业有限责任公司 | Preparation method of urea melt absorption synchronous compound fertilizer |
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| CN101367688B (en) * | 2008-09-25 | 2011-10-19 | 中国农业大学 | Controlled release water holding raise seedling culture medium for cucumber and method of preparing the same |
| CN101638581B (en) * | 2009-08-20 | 2011-11-30 | 珠海国佳高分子新材料有限公司 | Middle element calcium magnesium and sulfur water-retaining agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN101993268B (en) * | 2009-08-25 | 2012-11-28 | 史丹利化肥股份有限公司 | Selenium urea formaldehyde roller pelleting compound fertilizer and production method thereof |
| CN101805227A (en) * | 2010-04-16 | 2010-08-18 | 范友 | Slow control release biological inorganic and organic mixed fertilizer |
| CN102020517A (en) * | 2010-08-25 | 2011-04-20 | 国际竹藤网络中心 | Slow release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN102020517B (en) * | 2010-08-25 | 2013-03-06 | 国际竹藤网络中心 | Slow release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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