CN109721164B - Biological retention facility filter layer filler with water retention and slow plant nutrition release functions - Google Patents
Biological retention facility filter layer filler with water retention and slow plant nutrition release functions Download PDFInfo
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- CN109721164B CN109721164B CN201910160188.9A CN201910160188A CN109721164B CN 109721164 B CN109721164 B CN 109721164B CN 201910160188 A CN201910160188 A CN 201910160188A CN 109721164 B CN109721164 B CN 109721164B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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Abstract
The invention discloses a filter layer filler of a biological detention facility, which has the functions of water retention and slow release of plant nutrition, and is characterized by comprising uniformly mixed continuous graded sand, fly ash, a soil water retention agent and a controlled release fertilizer; wherein the grain size range of the continuous graded sand is 0-9.5mm, and the fineness modulus is 2.2-2.7; the soil water-retaining agent is macromolecular water-absorbent resin. The invention has the advantages of easily obtained raw materials, stable and durable hydrological water quality effect, strong water retention performance and proper nutrition for the initial growth of plants.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of sponge city construction, in particular to a filter layer filler of a bioretention facility, which has the functions of water retention and slow release of plant nutrition.
Background
The existing biological detention pond technology is a new technology for managing rainfall flood, which is mainly generated aiming at the problems of rainwater runoff pollution, frequent urban waterlogging and the like caused by the continuous development of urbanization and the rapid increase of a watertight area, and is also a key technology in sponge city construction.
The commonly used structure of the biological detention pond is respectively a detention layer, a filter layer, a transition layer, a water retention layer and a drainage layer from top to bottom. The detention layer is the reserved regulation volume of the system and has the function of relieving flood peaks; the filtering layer removes pollutants in the rainwater runoff through the effects of physical and chemical treatment, biological treatment and the like, and has the effect of relieving the peak flow; the transition layer is mainly used for preventing the scouring loss of the filter layer filler; the water retention zone (also called flooding zone) consists of coarse sand and carbon source or crushed stone and carbon source, and comprises a permanent water-containing zone for the growth of plants and microbial communities in drought season, and improves the removal rate of nitrogen, and the water retention layer determines whether the water retention layer is needed according to the local soil type and climate conditions. The invention mainly provides a mixing proportion of a filler for a filter layer of a biological retention pool.
The biological retention pool filter layer mainly removes pollutants in rainwater through the interception effect of the filler, is also a carrier for growth of plants and microorganisms, and removes the pollutants in the rainwater through biological treatment; the bioretention pond filter layer can also reduce the influent stream and the play of bioretention system through the torrent peak runoff, alleviates the drainage pressure of city municipal drainage system under the torrential rain incident.
The permeability coefficient of the filter layer filler needs to meet certain requirements, and certain hydraulic load requirements are met while certain retention time is met; in some areas, the rainfall is abundant, the instantaneous rainfall load is large in rainy seasons, and the permeability coefficient is not suitable to be too small; the permeability coefficient is not too large, which can reduce the water holding capacity of the filler layer and is not beneficial to the growth of plants, so that the problem to be solved by divination by means of the milfoil is that how to balance the permeability coefficient and improve the water holding capacity of the filler without influencing the hydrological and water quality effects of the filler.
Meanwhile, the existing filler mainly comprises various graded sands, the added organic matters are natural organic matters, the organic matters are released too fast, the growth of plants and the requirement on low maintenance of sponge landscapes are not facilitated, the increasingly improved landscape requirement of people on the sponge cities can not be met, the popularization of the concept of the sponge cities is hindered, and the filler has important significance for improving the slow release capacity of the organic matters at the initial stage of the filler.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a filter layer filler of a bioretention facility, which has the functions of water retention and slow release of plant nutrition, and has the effects of easily obtained raw materials, stable and durable hydrological water quality effect, strong water retention performance and proper nutrition supply for the initial growth of plants.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a filter layer filler of a bioretention facility, which has the functions of water retention and slow release of plant nutrition, and comprises uniformly mixed continuous graded sand, fly ash, a soil water retention agent and a controlled release fertilizer;
the weight percentage is as follows:
wherein the grain size range of the continuous graded sand is 0-9.5mm, and the fineness modulus is 2.2-2.7; the soil water-retaining agent is macromolecular water-absorbent resin.
Further, the continuous graded sand is river sand, and the screened grain size of the continuous graded sand is as follows by weight percent:
furthermore, the grade of the fly ash is two or more than the national standard grade, and the sulfur content is less than or equal to 3 percent.
Furthermore, the particle size of the soil water-retaining agent is less than or equal to 0.6mm when the soil water-retaining agent does not absorb water, and the water absorption rate is more than or equal to 100.
Further, the controlled release fertilizer is a fertilizer coated by a polymer, the particle size of the controlled release fertilizer is less than or equal to 4.75mm, effective nutrient substances of the controlled release fertilizer comprise nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and the proportion of the nitrogen, the phosphorus and the potassium is 1: 1: 1.
further, the release time of the controlled release fertilizer is at least 3 months.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the filler of the invention adopts continuous graded river sand, has wide material source, stable structure and rain wash resistance, and can not cause the phenomena of large permeability coefficient and reduced hydrological water quality effect due to structural layer damage caused by sand material loss.
2. The filler is added with 1-2% of fly ash by mass percent, the fly ash with a lower particle size can effectively fill up tiny gaps in the graded sand, the permeability coefficient is finely adjusted, the content is lower, the filler cannot be blocked, the permeability coefficient of the filler can be kept at 50-200mm/h, the loss rate of the fine material before and after operation is below 5%, and the structure is relatively stable.
3. The filler of the invention adopts the soil water-retaining agent with the mass percent of 0.1-0.3%, and the whole structure stability and the permeability coefficient of the filler can not be influenced because of less admixture, and simultaneously, compared with the existing filler, the water content of the filler can be improved by more than 15% under the same condition after rainfall, and the filler has better water-holding performance and provides the required water for the growth of plants.
4. The filler of the invention is doped with the controlled release fertilizer with the mass percent of 0.1-0.3%, and the overall structure stability and the permeability coefficient of the filler are not influenced because the doped amount is less, and meanwhile, the filler can slowly release nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other trace element nutrient substances required by the growth of plants for a long time, the release time is 3-6 months, the requirement of the initial growth of all plants in a bioretention facility is met, and the landscape effect of the bioretention facility is better.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic graph of permeability coefficient of example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a line graph showing the ammonia nitrogen effluent concentration in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a line graph of total nitrogen effluent concentration for example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a line graph of the total phosphorus effluent concentration of example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a line graph of potassium effluent concentration for example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the permeability coefficient of example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a line graph of the concentration of ammonia nitrogen effluent in example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a line graph of total nitrogen leaving water concentration for example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a line graph of the total phosphorus output concentration of example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a line graph of potassium effluent concentration for example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a graph showing the permeability coefficient of example 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a line graph showing the concentration of ammonia nitrogen in water according to example 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a line graph of total nitrogen leaving water concentration for example 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a line graph of the total phosphorus output concentration of example 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a line graph of potassium effluent concentration for example 3 of the present invention;
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the following figures and specific examples so that those skilled in the art may better understand the present invention and practice it, but the examples are not intended to limit the present invention.
Example 1:
the invention relates to a filter layer filler of a biological retention facility, which has the functions of water retention and slow release of plant nutrient substances, and comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
in this embodiment, the continuous graded sand is river sand, the fineness modulus of the continuous graded sand is 2.3, and the grading curve is smooth, which indicates that the sand-gravel material proportion of each level of the mixture is equivalent, and the corresponding screening particle size and the weight percentage are as follows:
referring to FIG. 1, the initial penetration was 123mm/h, the permeability coefficient was stabilized at 189mm/h after 30 days of continuous water intake, and the structure was stable. The specific detection method comprises the following steps: adding 3-4 kg of mixture into a 70-type constant head permeameter, adding water until the filler is saturated, continuously feeding water for one hour under the condition of keeping the liquid level unchanged, recording corresponding data, and calculating the permeability coefficient.
The water content of the filler is 35.3 percent, and the specific method comprises the following steps: weighing the mass of the constant head permeameter, the mass of the air-dried filler before water saturation after the permeameter is filled, and the total mass of the permeameter after water saturation, and calculating the water content of the filler.
The filter layer filler of the bioretention facility, which has the functions of water retention and slow release of plant nutrient substances, can provide nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrient substances required by plant growth for 3 months.
The specific detection method comprises the following steps: filling materials in a constant head permeability coefficient instrument, setting a rainfall interval period to be 1 day and rainfall duration to be 0.5 hour according to a local rainstorm intensity formula, setting a rainfall recurrence period 2a and a catchment area ratio to be 1: and under the condition of 20 months, taking out effluent for detecting the water quality, detecting ammonia nitrogen by adopting a salicylic acid spectrophotometry, detecting total nitrogen by adopting an alkaline potassium persulfate digestion ultraviolet spectrophotometry, detecting total phosphorus by adopting an ammonium molybdate spectrophotometry, and detecting effective potassium by adopting an inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry. The concentration of ammonia nitrogen effluent is always more than or equal to 2mg/L, the concentration of total nitrogen effluent is always more than or equal to 3mg/L, the concentration of total phosphorus effluent is always more than or equal to 1mg/L, and the concentration of effective potassium effluent is always more than or equal to 5mg/L, which is shown in a reference figure 2 to a figure 5.
Example 2:
the invention relates to a filter layer filler of a biological retention facility, which has the functions of water retention and slow release of plant nutrient substances, and comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
in this embodiment, the continuous graded sand is river sand, the fineness modulus of the continuous graded sand is 2.5, and the graded curve is smooth, which indicates that the sand-gravel material proportion of each level of the mixture is equivalent, and the corresponding screening particle size and the weight percentage are as follows:
referring to FIG. 6, the initial penetration was 106mm/h, and the permeability coefficient stabilized at 193mm/h after 30 days of continuous water intake, resulting in a stable structure. The specific detection method comprises the following steps: adding 3-4 kg of mixture into a 70-type constant head permeameter, adding water until the filler is saturated, continuously feeding water for one hour under the condition of keeping the liquid level unchanged, recording corresponding data, and calculating the permeability coefficient.
The water content of the filler is 39.4 percent, and the specific method comprises the following steps: weighing the mass of the constant head permeameter, the mass of the air-dried filler before water saturation after the permeameter is filled, and the total mass of the permeameter after water saturation, and calculating the water content of the filler.
The filter layer filler of the bioretention facility, which has the functions of water retention and slow release of plant nutrient substances, can provide nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrient substances required by plant growth for 3 months. The specific detection method comprises the following steps: filling materials in a constant head permeability coefficient instrument, setting a rainfall interval period to be 1 day and rainfall duration to be 0.5 hour according to a local rainstorm intensity formula, setting a rainfall recurrence period 2a and a catchment area ratio to be 1: and under the condition of 20 months, taking out effluent for detecting the water quality, detecting ammonia nitrogen by adopting a salicylic acid spectrophotometry, detecting total nitrogen by adopting an alkaline potassium persulfate digestion ultraviolet spectrophotometry, detecting total phosphorus by adopting an ammonium molybdate spectrophotometry, and detecting effective potassium by adopting an inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry. The concentration of ammonia nitrogen effluent is always more than or equal to 3mg/L, the concentration of total nitrogen effluent is always more than or equal to 5mg/L, the concentration of total phosphorus effluent is always more than or equal to 2mg/L, and the concentration of effective potassium effluent is always more than or equal to 8mg/L, which is shown in a reference chart from 7 to 10.
Example 3:
the invention relates to a filter layer filler of a biological retention facility, which has the functions of water retention and slow release of plant nutrient substances, and comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
in this embodiment, the continuous graded sand is river sand, the fineness modulus of the continuous graded sand is 2.7, and the grading curve is smooth, which indicates that the sand-gravel material proportion of each level of the mixture is equivalent, and the corresponding screening particle size and the weight percentage are as follows:
referring to FIG. 11, the initial penetration was 93mm/h, the permeability coefficient stabilized at 178mm/h after 30 days of continuous water intake, and the structure was stable. The specific detection method comprises the following steps: adding 3-4 kg of mixture into a 70-type constant head permeameter, adding water until the filler is saturated, continuously feeding water for one hour under the condition of keeping the liquid level unchanged, recording corresponding data, and calculating the permeability coefficient.
The water content of the filler is 43.2 percent, and the specific method comprises the following steps: weighing the mass of the constant head permeameter, the mass of the air-dried filler before water saturation after the permeameter is filled, and the total mass of the permeameter after water saturation, and calculating the water content of the filler.
The filter layer filler of the bioretention facility, which has the functions of water retention and slow release of plant nutrient substances, can provide nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrient substances required by plant growth for 3 months. The specific detection method comprises the following steps: filling materials in a constant head permeability coefficient instrument, setting a rainfall interval period to be 1 day and rainfall duration to be 0.5 hour according to a local rainstorm intensity formula, setting a rainfall recurrence period 2a and a catchment area ratio to be 1: and under the condition of 20 months, taking out effluent for detecting the water quality, detecting ammonia nitrogen by adopting a salicylic acid spectrophotometry, detecting total nitrogen by adopting an alkaline potassium persulfate digestion ultraviolet spectrophotometry, detecting total phosphorus by adopting an ammonium molybdate spectrophotometry, and detecting effective potassium by adopting an inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry. The concentration of ammonia nitrogen effluent is always more than or equal to 5mg/L, the concentration of total nitrogen effluent is always more than or equal to 8mg/L, the concentration of total phosphorus effluent is always more than or equal to 3mg/L, and the concentration of effective potassium effluent is always more than or equal to 13mg/L, as shown in the graph of fig. 12 to fig. 15.
The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments for fully illustrating the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. The equivalent substitution or change made by the technical personnel in the technical field on the basis of the invention is all within the protection scope of the invention. The protection scope of the invention is subject to the claims.
Claims (2)
1. A biological detention facility filter layer filler with water retention and slow release of plant nutrition is characterized by comprising uniformly mixed continuous graded sand, fly ash, a soil water retention agent and a controlled release fertilizer;
the weight percentage is as follows:
97.8-98.8% of continuous graded sand;
1.0-2.0% of fly ash;
0.1-0.3% of a soil water-retaining agent;
0.1-0.3% of controlled release fertilizer;
wherein the grain size range of the continuous graded sand is 0-9.5mm, and the fineness modulus is 2.2-2.7; the soil water-retaining agent is macromolecular water-absorbent resin;
the continuous graded sand is river sand, and the screened grain size of the continuous graded sand is as follows by weight percent:
4.75～9.5mm 0～10%；
2.36～4.75mm 10～15%；
1.18～2.36mm 10～15%；
0.6～1.18mm 10～25%；
0.3～0.6mm 10～15%；
0.15～0.3mm 10～20%；
0.075～0.15mm 15～22.5%；
the grade of the fly ash is two grades and above national standard, and the sulfur content is less than or equal to 3 percent;
the particle size of the soil water-retaining agent is less than or equal to 0.6mm when the soil water-retaining agent does not absorb water, and the water absorption rate is more than or equal to 100;
the controlled release fertilizer is a fertilizer coated by a polymer, the particle size of the controlled release fertilizer is less than or equal to 4.75mm, the effective nutrient substances of the controlled release fertilizer comprise nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and the proportion of the nitrogen, the phosphorus and the potassium is 1: 1: 1.
2. the filter layer filler for bioretention facilities with water retention and slow release of plant nutrients of claim 1 wherein the release time of the controlled release fertilizer is at least 3 months.
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102976863A (en) * | 2012-12-29 | 2013-03-20 | 广东大众农业科技股份有限公司 | Water-retention and slow-release fertilizer |
| CN103283574A (en) * | 2013-06-14 | 2013-09-11 | 苏州大学 | Soilless pot plant water retention nutrition module and application method thereof |
| CN104150580A (en) * | 2014-02-25 | 2014-11-19 | 北京市水科学技术研究院 | Filling material for ecological storage-detention and purification measures of urban road rainwater |
| CN107010730A (en) * | 2017-04-25 | 2017-08-04 | 昆山市建设工程质量检测中心 | A kind of biological delaying basin filter layer filler and processing method |
| CN109133328A (en) * | 2017-06-19 | 2019-01-04 | 天津大学 | A kind of biology delaying basin filler |
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2019
- 2019-03-04 CN CN201910160188.9A patent/CN109721164B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102976863A (en) * | 2012-12-29 | 2013-03-20 | 广东大众农业科技股份有限公司 | Water-retention and slow-release fertilizer |
| CN103283574A (en) * | 2013-06-14 | 2013-09-11 | 苏州大学 | Soilless pot plant water retention nutrition module and application method thereof |
| CN104150580A (en) * | 2014-02-25 | 2014-11-19 | 北京市水科学技术研究院 | Filling material for ecological storage-detention and purification measures of urban road rainwater |
| CN107010730A (en) * | 2017-04-25 | 2017-08-04 | 昆山市建设工程质量检测中心 | A kind of biological delaying basin filter layer filler and processing method |
| CN109133328A (en) * | 2017-06-19 | 2019-01-04 | 天津大学 | A kind of biology delaying basin filler |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 《雨水生物滞留设施中填料的研究进展》;高晓丽 等;《中国给水排水》;20151031;第31卷(第20期);第17-21页 * |
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