CN102911671B - Preparation method of soil conditioner based on rice hull waste - Google Patents
Preparation method of soil conditioner based on rice hull waste Download PDFInfo
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- CN102911671B CN102911671B CN201210465570.9A CN201210465570A CN102911671B CN 102911671 B CN102911671 B CN 102911671B CN 201210465570 A CN201210465570 A CN 201210465570A CN 102911671 B CN102911671 B CN 102911671B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a soil conditioner based on rice hull waste. The method comprises the following steps of: carbonizing a rice hull into powder; adding water according to the dosage of the carbonized rice hull; adding sodium hydroxide and stirring and reacting at 90-120 DEG C for 4 hours; then adding aluminum hydroxide and reacting for 4 hours; leaching the reactant and dehydrating; and drying the leached reactant and grinding into 200-mesh powder. According to the invention, a soil conditioner without pollution and heavy metal is synthesized by taking the waste rice hull as a raw material through chemical energy reaction of silicon, aluminum and oxygen; and the soil conditioner can obviously improve the soil structure, has a function of maintaining water and fertilizer, promotes the nutrient absorption of plants, reduces the absorption of heavy metals and improves the crop quality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of the soil conditioner based on rice husk waste.
Background technology
Soil conditioner (Soil Conditioner) is to be main raw material by agricultural water-loss reducer and the natural peat or other organism that are rich in organic matter, humic acid, being aided with bioactive ingredients and nutritive element forms, the product processing through scientific technology, has extremely significant water conservation, getting fat, ventilative three large soil conditioning performances.Can break soil compaction, chessom, the raising gas permeability of soil, reduce the soil weight, promote soil microbial activities, strengthen soil rich water seepage force; Have improvement soil, administer desert, water conservation drought resisting, strengthens disease-resistant crops ability, improves crop yield, improves quality of agricultural product, recovers the functions such as crops original ecological, increases substantially survival rate of planting and agricultural output; Improve agriculture and forestry product quality, recover the natural style and features of agriculture and forestry product.Completely nuisanceless, pollution-free, lifeless matter hormone, is different from various chemical fertilizer, agricultural chemicals, foliage fertilizer and bio-hormone on world market, is the novel green production means of world's agroforestry plantation.
Humic acid soil conditioner (Humate Soil Conditioner) can improve physics, chemistry and the microbial reaction of soil, increases the fertility of soil.In peat, the main composition of humic acid is humic acid and xanthohumic acid, has been proved to be growth and the beneficial microorganism activity that can promote root system.Briefly, humic acid soil conditioner can help soil to discharge the various nutritive elements that are conducive to plant absorption, administer soil compaction, desertification, salinization phenomenon, improve soil permeability, increase the preserve moisture and fertility ability of soil, reduce soil water evaporation, increase the cation exchange capacity (CEC) of soil, promote that trace element is better absorbed by root system of plant, be conducive to the chelating of plant to iron, magnesium, zinc, copper, reduce salinity and absorb the Na in soil
+deng.
The soil conditioner of at present domestic production is mainly with medical stone, montmorillonite, oyster shells, ferro-silicon-calcium, slag and flyash and adds flocculation agent or water-holding agent is formulated, substantially with physics, puddle or interpolation form completes, technique is simple, but the various heavy metal content in raw material cannot be eliminated, long-term application can cause heavy metal-polluted soil rich long-pending in soil undoubtedly, soil ecology is produced to a kind of harm, the long-term sustainable utilization that is more unfavorable for soil is produced, and quality of agricultural product is produced to detrimentally affect simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The technical issues that need to address of the present invention are just to overcome the defect of prior art, a kind of preparation method of the soil conditioner based on rice husk waste is provided, it utilizes discarded rice husk as raw material, change by sial oxygen can be reacted, the soil conditioner of synthetic a kind of pollution-free heavy metal free, and soil conditioner prepared by the present invention can obviously improve Soil structure, there is preserve moisture and fertility effect, promote the nutrition absorption of plant, reduce the absorption of heavy metal, improve crop quality.
For addressing the above problem, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
The invention provides a kind of preparation method of the soil conditioner based on rice husk waste, described preparation method is: charred rice husk is powdered, be water by weight: the ratio that rice husk equals 1:0.8 adds water, water per ton adds 140-160kg sodium hydroxide, at 90-120 ℃ of temperature, carry out stirring reaction, 4 hours time, then by weight being sodium hydroxide: aluminium hydroxide equals the ratio of 1:0.6 and adds aluminium hydroxide, react 4 hours, drip washing reactant, drying dehydration, reactant after drip washing is dried to weight content to moisture lower than 5%, be milled to 200 object pulvis.
Described charing adopts closed non-flaming combustion mode to carry out.
The waste liquid that after drip washing, drying dehydration produces joins in the Powdered rice husk of charing and carries out recycle as raw material.
Furnace drying method is hyperthermia drying or far infrared drying.
The present invention utilizes discarded rice husk as raw material, change by sial oxygen can be reacted, the soil conditioner of synthetic a kind of pollution-free heavy metal free, soil conditioner prepared by the present invention is dry powder product, there is larger active surface, use simple, after spreading fertilizer over the fields earth's surface, plough under topsoil soils, the successful of improving the soil, can obviously improve Soil structure, there is preserve moisture and fertility effect, promote the nutrition absorption of plant, and can activate the invalid state nutrient in soil, and the nutrient in making to be manured into soil is utilized, product does not contain hazardous substance simultaneously, reduce the accumulations of objectionable impurities in plant materials such as heavy metal, reduce the absorption of heavy metal, improve crop quality.
In preparation process of the present invention, do not have pollution substance to discharge, not to environment, and the waste liquid in preparation process can be used as raw material and carries out recycle.The product of preparation has cavernous crystalline structure, not only can improve Soil structure, and have the effect of preserve moisture and fertility, can increase the absorption to heavy metal in soil simultaneously, reduces the absorption of plant to objectionable impuritiess such as heavy metals.
Embodiment
embodiment 1
Adopt closed non-flaming combustion mode that charred rice husk is powdered, by 400 kilograms, the rice husk powder after charing, put into 500 kg of water and fully stir, be warmed to 98 ℃ of left and right simultaneously, throw in 80 kilograms, sodium hydroxide, constantly stirring heating, after 4 hours time length, adds 50 kilograms, aluminium hydroxide, continue stirring heating 4 hours, carry out drip washing spin-dry, after drying, reactant is dried to moisture weight content lower than 5% again, and furnace drying method is hyperthermia drying or far infrared drying.Pulverizing grinds to form the pulvis of 200 order left and right.For implementing the soil conditioner of 1 preparation.
The waste liquid that after drip washing, drying dehydration produces joins in the Powdered rice husk of charing and carries out recycle as raw material.
embodiment 2 soil conditioner tests
one, manure trial basic condition:
Test site: Yao Bao township, Xinmin City, Liaoning Province Yao Bao village sun light green house.
Soil property homogeneous, approximately 0.8 mu.
Trial crops: tomato, kind: western excellent as one wishes.
Test period: on December 20th, 2011 seedling transplantation so far.
Amount of application, time of application and mode:
(1) test group: test is processed after soil punching, often spreads manuer in holes in bottom with the soil conditioner of approximately 10 grams of embodiment 1 preparation.Tomato is divided after seedling, slow seedling, then transplants seedlings, earths up, waters.Do not use other any fertilizer and agricultural chemicals.
(2) control group: control treatment is different sun light green houses.Using base fertilizer is farm manure, composite fertilizer and agricultural chemicals.
Field management: test group and control group are artificial ridging, pipe laying drip irrigation.
Test group: once, 10 grams of every plant, topdress soil conditioner bulk application later again.120 yuan of costs, do not use agricultural chemicals.
Control group: bulk application composite fertilizer once, the urea that topdresses, potash fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer 4 times, more than 600 yuan of spent use.Various sterilants are used for desinsection 13 times.Nearly more than 500 yuan of required expense.Amount to 1100 yuan.
two, test observation:
Tomato growth situation:
In early January, 2012 observation: in the first quarter moon left and right of transplanting seedlings, test group tomato sprout integral body grows fine, more sturdy than control group rice shoot, leaf color is dark green.
In late January, 2012 observation: after one month, single of test group tomato blooms many, well developed root system, has no disease and pest and occurs.
On March 15th, 2012 observed result: test group is thick with leaves, spend many, fruit is many, blade is unfolded, dark green and even, without macula lutea, without burnt limit.Control group fruit is many, strain strong, but the degree that is thick with leaves is poorer than test processing, blade volume wrinkle, green damp heterogeneity, tarnish, visible burnt limit, medicine spot, sallow, and obviously fertility is uneven.
three, test effect:
Attributional analysis result:
On April 9th, 2012 observed result: test group fruit glossiness, size, ripening degree are better than control group.
shenyang, Liaoning new people tomato sample test result (sampling on April 10th, 2012)
Measurement results shows: soil conditioner processing VITAMIN and aminoacids content are apparently higher than control treatment.Chlorophyll content is executed soil conditioner and is processed than control treatment increase more than 21%.
Not executing soil conditioner processes: edaphophyte root system is less, structure consolidation.
Executing soil conditioner processes: edaphophyte root system is more, loosely organized.
Fruit yield:
Test group: more than 7600 jin.
Control group: more than 8100 jin.
Harvest total value:
Test group: 7600 jin * 1.5 yuan/jin=11400 yuan.
Control group: 8100 jin * 1.2 yuan/jin=9720 yuan.
9720=1680 yuan of income difference: 11400-.
Real revenue: 1100 yuan-120 yuan=980 yuan the expense of the fertilizer of economizing and agricultural chemicals ()
1680 yuan+980 yuan=2660 yuan of the many incomes of test group.
embodiment 3 soil improvement tests
test number: No. 1, agricultural experiment.
test site: agricultural experiment base.
test period: on 09 25th, 2011 to October 23.
, test sample: Shanghai is blue or green
Shanghai green grass or young crops is a mutation of common Chinese cabbage, and the few stem of leaf is many, also makes wooden dipper white, originates in China.
, test objective:
Test arranges A-FLiu Ge district, Dui Ge does in district different processing, apply the soil adjusting agent of the embodiment of the present invention 1 preparation, be denoted as respectively soil adjusting agent I, II, III, and the compound adjustment agent of fertilizer and soil adjusting agent II, by grow in different soils adjusting agent Shanghai blue or green and with growth conditions comparative analysis without applying the Shanghai green grass or young crops of soil adjusting agent, understand the growth role of soil adjusting agent to crop.
, soil property:
(1) soil adjusting agent in test site applies information slip, in Table 1.
Table 1 test site soil adjusting agent applies information slip
(2) index contrast table before and after soil treatment, in Table 2.
Index contrast table before and after table 2 soil treatment
From the analysis of upper table, the soil depletion of original soil, the EC of soil is low, and ion-exchange function is low, and mostly is loess, and soil block is many, there is no nutrient, water-retentivity extreme difference.
The soil property applying after soil adjusting agent all has larger improvement at EC and CEC.
, process of growth record:
On 09 25th, 2011, A-F region is divided, find that each district all has ant creeping.
On 09 26th, 2011, by soil adjusting agent, apply information slip Dui Ge district and process accordingly, apply after soil adjusting agent, there is slight fertilizer taste in A district, and there is heavier fertilizer taste in D district.In regional, only having E district can also observe a small amount of ant creeps.
Apply after soil adjusting agent, place one day.
On 09 28th, 2011, regional to be sowed seeds, lid grass also keeps the skin wet.
On 09 29th, 2011,, all there was obvious germination phenomenon in each region of leafing through at random.
On 09 30th, 2011, the straw of removal surface cover, regional germinates germination phenomenon, and situation is more or less the same.
On October 02nd, 2011, each region grows seedling, and growth conditions is good.
The growing way in A district is best, but compares with other several districts, not yet embodies very large advantage.
On October 05th, 2011, the growth conditions of A district and D district seedling is better, is obviously better than other each district; Compare the comparatively dense of the growth of seedling in A district and even with D district.
On October 06th, 2011, the seedling leaf jaundice in E district, stem is partly red, seedling has the not long sign of stagnation; The growth of seedling in B, C, F San Ge district is slower, but the state of seedling is very even.
On October 09th, 2011, the A head of district goes out thick and large leaf; There are worm fly, ant etc. in D district, A district also has part worm fly movable.
After contrast, B, C, E, F district do not have obvious worm fly to manifest, but growing way compared with A district and D district a little less than.
On October 12nd, 2011, D district has more ant movable, and A district does not have ant movable, and the movable obviously minimizing of worm fly; The growing way in B, C, F San Ge district is even, and growth conditions F district is best, and B takes second place in district.
On October 14th, 2011, A district plant grows fine, and leaf is roomy and even; D district plant growing way is only second to A district; B, C, E, F tetra-district plants lack nutrient.
On October 23rd, 2011, A, D two district's green vegetables growing way situations the bests.Twoth district compare, look intensive and even compared with D district of the green vegetables in A district; The leaf of A district green vegetables is plump compared with D district.
, test-results:
(1) the soil index after plantation green vegetables, in Table 3.
Soil index table after table 3 kind of plant
| Project | pH | EC/(us/cm) | NaCl/% | CEC/(cmol/kg) |
| A district | 7 | 920 | 0.5 | 27.4 |
| B district | 7 | 227 | 0.2 | 12.1 |
| C district | 7 | 259 | 0.3 | 10.1 |
| D district | 7 | 555 | 1.5 | 16.8 |
| E district | 7 | 111 | 0.1 | 7.8 |
| F district | 7 | 228 | 1.0 | 22.6 |
From the analysis of soil index, after plant growth, the pH in each district does not all change; Before and after green vegetables plantation, EC, the CEC of each district's soil have a greater change; The soil salt of regional raises.
(2) green vegetables root system contrast: the growing state of each district's green vegetables root system, green vegetables Ge district all can survive.The growing way of A, D two district's green vegetables differs obviously, and A district main root is compared with the thick prosperity of D district main root, and fibrous root is D district several times; B, C, F tri-district's green vegetables axial root systems are thinner, but have more fibrous root; E district coring is all undeveloped.
, Test Summary:
By the observation to growth of seedling process to the germination of the blue or green seed in Shanghai, this test draws to draw a conclusion:
1), before and after plantation green vegetables, from the contrast situation of soil index, the EC of soil all presents downtrending, the growth that the soil that interpolation soil adjusting agent be described is green vegetables, provides certain nutrient.
2), by the comparison of A district and D district salt dynamics, illustrate that soil adjusting agent has the function of inhibition soil salt obstacle.
3), the variation of soil CEC, the soil after plantation green vegetables is described, fertilizer-preserving ability is greatly improved.The growing way of A district and D district green vegetables and the contrast of root system, illustrate and add soil adjusting agent, can promote the absorption of organic fertilizer, has good water-retentivity, improves fertilizer-preserving ability.
4), the test-results in B district, C district and F district shows, the Main Function of soil adjusting agent is to suppress the loss of fertilizer, preserves soil nutrient, improves the utilization ratio of fertilizer.This point can embody from the growth conditions of A, D two district plant.The region of adding soil adjusting agent, the growth of plant is more even.
5), by contrast B, C and F district three district's plant strain growth situations, illustrate that soil adjusting agent has certain nutrient, and CEC is higher, is more conducive to plant-growth.
Thereby soil conditioner prepared by the present invention can improve Soil structure, increases ion-exchange absorption, promote plant effectively absorbing nutrient.Nutrient balance absorbs the improvement that result causes crop product quality.
Finally it should be noted that: obviously, above-described embodiment is only for example of the present invention is clearly described, and the not restriction to embodiment.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description.Here exhaustive without also giving all embodiments.And the apparent variation of being amplified out thus or change are still among protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. the preparation method of the soil conditioner based on rice husk waste, it is characterized in that, described preparation method is: charred rice husk is powdered, be water by weight: the ratio that rice husk equals 1:0.8 adds water, water per ton adds 140-160kg sodium hydroxide, at 90-120 ℃ of temperature, carry out stirring reaction, 4 hours time, then by weight being sodium hydroxide: aluminium hydroxide equals the ratio of 1:0.6 and adds aluminium hydroxide, react 4 hours, drip washing reactant, drying dehydration, reactant after drip washing is dried to weight content to moisture lower than 5%, be milled to 200 object pulvis.
2.the preparation method of the soil conditioner based on rice husk waste as claimed in claim 1, described charing adopts closed non-flaming combustion mode to carry out.
3.the preparation method of the soil conditioner based on rice husk waste as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, furnace drying method is hyperthermia drying or far infrared drying.
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| CN104861984B (en) * | 2015-04-22 | 2018-06-22 | 湖北省地质调查院 | A kind of surface layer in-situ remediation method containing lead-contaminated soil, passivator and preparation method thereof |
| CN104962294B (en) * | 2015-06-10 | 2018-08-28 | 中山市巴斯德农业科技有限公司 | A kind of soil conditioner and preparation method thereof |
| CN107278408A (en) * | 2017-08-10 | 2017-10-24 | 南京林业大学 | A kind of new method for improveing saline-alkali soil |
| CN110358546A (en) * | 2019-08-05 | 2019-10-22 | 湖南阳东生物洁能科技有限公司 | A kind of soil conditioner and its application |
| CN110963855A (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-04-07 | 南昌智发科技有限公司 | Fertilizer and water storage agent for greenhouse vegetable field soil |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1439242A (en) * | 2003-04-03 | 2003-09-03 | 中国农业大学 | Plantation substrate for Chinese yam and preparation thereof |
| CN102247802A (en) * | 2011-04-27 | 2011-11-23 | 中南大学 | Method for preparing activated carbon |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1439242A (en) * | 2003-04-03 | 2003-09-03 | 中国农业大学 | Plantation substrate for Chinese yam and preparation thereof |
| CN102247802A (en) * | 2011-04-27 | 2011-11-23 | 中南大学 | Method for preparing activated carbon |
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