CN102892710A - 复合氢氧化镁、其制造方法及吸附剂 - Google Patents
复合氢氧化镁、其制造方法及吸附剂 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明目的在于提供一种含有碳酸基团且具有高的BET法比表面积的复合氢氧化镁、其制造方法及吸附剂。本发明是以下述式(1)表示且通过BET法测得的比表面积为100~400m2/g的复合氢氧化镁、其制造方法及吸附剂。Mg1-xMx(OH)2-y(CO3)0.5y·mH2O(1)(其中,式中M表示选自Zn2+、Cu2+、Ni2+、Co2+、Ca2+、Mn2+、Fe2+和Ba2+的至少一种2价金属离子。x、y和m满足下述条件:0<x≤0.50.02≤y≤0.70≤m≤1)。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种含有碳酸根离子且BET法比表面积大的复合氢氧化镁,其制造方法及使用其的吸附剂。
背景技术
氢氧化镁自古以来众所周知,由于其为固体碱,因此在广泛领域中用于酸性物质的吸附(中和)。例如作为医药用途用作制酸剂,作为工业用途用作排烟脱硫剂或排水中和剂,在农业用途中用作酸性土壤中和剂。对于这种酸性物质的吸附(中和),较理想的是与酸性物质的接触面积大,即BET法比表面积大。作为氢氧化镁的制造方法,已知有使海水与熟石灰反应的海水法、或利用脱羧水使氧化镁水和的水和法等。但是,通过这些方法合成的氢氧化镁粒子的BET法比表面积不超过80m2/g。
作为获得BET法比表面积大的氢氧化镁粒子的方法,已知有在生成氢氧化镁的过程中,添加阻碍氢氧化镁结晶生长的二价阴离子的方法。即,如果使镁盐溶液与碱金属的氢氧化物或氨水在碳酸根离子的存在下反应,则获得含有碳酸基团且BET法比表面积为80m2/g以上的含有碳酸基团的氢氧化镁(专利文献1)。该含有碳酸基团的氢氧化镁是与氯化氢气体或SOx气体、乙酸类气体瞬间反应,极有效的酸性气体吸附剂。但是,对硫化氢气体或甲硫醇效果不充分。
(专利文献1)WO2008/123566号公报
发明内容
因此,本发明的目的在于提供一种不仅对氯化氢气体、SOx气体、乙酸类气体,而且对硫化氢气体或甲硫醇也具有优异的吸附性能的,BET法比表面积大的复合氢氧化镁及其制造方法。另外,本发明的目的在于提供含有该复合氢氧化镁的吸附剂。
本发明人为了改善上述问题而进行专心研究的结果,发现如果使Cu或Zn等其它金属氢氧化物负载(担持)于含有碳酸基团的BET法比表面积大的氢氧化镁粒子表面,则能够获得硫化氢或甲硫醇的吸附能力优异的复合氢氧化镁,从而完成了本发明。
附图说明
图1是本发明的复合氢氧化镁化合物的X射线衍射图。
图2是通过喷雾干燥造粒的本发明复合氢氧化镁化合物的SEM照片。
具体实施方式
<复合氢氧化镁>
本发明的复合氢氧化镁以下述式(1)表示。
Mg1-xMx(OH)2-y(CO3)0.5y·mH2O (1)
式中,M表示选自由Zn2+、Cu2+、Ni2+、Co2+、Ca2+、Mn2+、Fe2+、和Ba2+的至少一种2价金属离子。
可根据所吸附物质选择金属离子。例如在欲使其具有硫化氢气体的吸附能力的情况下,优选使Cu2+、Ni2+、Zn2+等复合化。特别地,Cu2+或Ni2+吸附硫化氢气体的速度快,持续性也优异。
式中,x满足0<x≤0.5,优选为满足0<x≤0.2,更优选为满足0<x≤0.1。
式中,y满足0.02≤y≤0.7,优选为满足0.04≤y≤0.6,更优选为满足0.1≤y≤0.4。
式中,m满足0≤m≤1,优选为满足0≤m≤0.6,更优选为满足0≤m≤0.4。
本发明的复合氢氧化镁通过BET法测得的比表面积为100~400m2/g,优选为120~350m2/g,更优选为150~300m2/g。
<煅烧物>
本发明包括将上述复合氢氧化镁于350℃以上煅烧而获得的煅烧物。
<制造方法(1)>
本发明的复合氢氧化镁可以向BET法比表面积为100m2/g以上的含有碳酸基团的氢氧化镁浆料中添加选自Zn2+、Cu2+、Ni2+、Co2+、Ca2+、Mn2+、Fe2+和Ba2+的至少一种的2价金属盐水溶液并混合,使2价金属的氢氧化物负载于含有碳酸基团的氢氧化镁的表面而制造。
(含有碳酸基团的氢氧化镁)
本发明的复合氢氧化镁以BET法比表面积为100m2/g以上的含有碳酸基团的氢氧化镁浆料作为原料(以下有时称为原料浆料)。
原料浆料可以使水溶性镁盐与碱金属氢氧化物或氨水在碳酸盐的存在下在水中进行反应而制造。
作为水溶性镁盐,可举例硫酸镁、氯化镁、硝酸镁、乙酸镁等。
作为碱金属氢氧化物,可举例氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾等。还可以使用氨水代替碱金属氢氧化物。
作为碳酸盐,可举例碳酸钠、碳酸氢钠、碳酸钾、碳酸氢钾、碳酸铵等。
反应温度优选为5~60℃。反应时间优选为3~180分钟。洗涤优选用固体成分的5~50倍重量的水并通过通水洗涤或乳化洗涤进行。干燥温度优选为90~350℃。
通过在碳酸盐的存在下使水溶性镁盐与碱金属氢氧化物或氨水反应,能够抑制氢氧化镁的结晶生长,获得BET法比表面积大的含有碳酸基团的氢氧化镁。
(2价金属盐)
2价金属选自Zn2+、Cu2+、Ni2+、Co2+、Ca2+、Mn2+、Fe2+和Ba2+的至少一种。作为这些盐,可举例氯化物、硫酸盐、硝酸盐、乙酸盐等。具体而言,可举例氯化锌、硫酸锌、硝酸锌、乙酸锌、氯化铜、硫酸铜、硝酸铜、乙酸铜、氯化镍等。
可以向含有碳酸基团的氢氧化镁浆料中添加2价金属盐的水溶液并混合,而负载2价金属。
负载温度优选为5~60℃。另外,负载时间优选为5~120分钟。
如果像这样预先制作BET法比表面积大的含有碳酸基团的氢氧化镁,然后向其浆料中添加Zn或Cu等2价金属盐的水溶液的方法进行合成,则可根据用途而容易地合成多种复合氢氧化镁,同时由于复合化的2价金属离子不均匀地存在于粒子表面,因此容易以少量的添加量得到2价金属离子的效果。
<制造方法(2)>
本发明的复合氢氧化镁可以通过在CO3根离子的存在下,使Mg离子与选自Zn2+、Cu2+、Ni2+、Co2+、Ca2+、Mn2+、Fe2+和Ba2+的至少一种2价金属离子以及OH根离子在水中接触而制造。
本发明的复合氢氧化镁也可以将镁盐与Zn或Cu等其它金属盐的混合金属盐水溶液和碱性物质在CO3根离子的存在下反应而合成。但是,在将氢氧化镁用作吸附剂的情况中,由于使Cu或Zn等其它金属氢氧化物析出于氢氧化镁粒子表面而合成时可利用少量的其它金属量得到Cu或Zn等的效果,因此优选。但是,由于Cu或Zn的水溶液为弱酸性,因此如果通过制造方法(1)的方法进行合成,则BET法比表面积较负载前稍有降低。如果通过制造方法(2),则无此担忧。
反应方法仅将水溶性镁盐的水溶液部分变更为将水溶性镁盐与Zn或Cu等的水溶性2价金属盐水溶液混合而成的水溶液,其余与制造方法(1)中记载的原料浆料的制造方法完全相同。
<吸附剂>
本发明包括含有上述复合氢氧化镁的吸附剂。吸附剂优选含有将复合氢氧化镁在粒径为0.05~20mm的范围内进行造粒的造粒物。另外,在将吸附剂填充于管柱等中并通入酸性气体而使用的情况下,从通气性·气体接触性的观点出发,喷雾造粒品或挤出造粒品较为优异。
吸附剂优选为用于酸性气体吸附用途。吸附剂优选为用于有机溶剂中的酸性物质吸附用途。吸附剂优选为用于除臭用途。
本发明包括含有上述复合氢氧化镁的化学过滤器。
为了吸附硫化氢气体或甲硫醇,复合氢氧化镁的式(1)中的X优选为0.001以上,更优选为0.01以上。
[实施例]
以下,通过实施例说明本发明。
实施例1
(原料浆料)
在室温搅拌条件下以10分钟的滞留时间连续注入1.5mol/L的硫酸镁水溶液12L、及将总碱浓度制备成3.0N的苛性钠与碳酸钠的碱混合液(2NaOH:Na2CO3=90:10)11.4L,而进行反应。过滤所得的约23.4L反应浆料,以21L的水进行通水清洗后进行脱水,利用柜式干燥机于105℃干燥18小时。利用乳钵粉碎干燥物,通过网眼为150μm的金属丝网,获得1040gBET法比表面积为260m2/g的下述式所示的白色粉末。
Mg(OH)1.80(CO3)0.10·0.10H2O
(2价金属的负载)
向50g该白色粉末中添加500ml水,于搅拌下添加1.0mol/L的氯化锌水溶液43.2ml后,于室温保持搅拌30分钟。过滤所得的反应浆料,以1L的水进行通水清洗后,进行脱水,利用柜式干燥机于105℃干燥18小时。利用乳钵将干燥物粉碎,通过网眼为150μm的金属丝网,获得48.9gBET法比表面积为206m2/g的下述式所示的白色粉末。
Mg0.95Zn0.05(OH)1.76(CO3)0.12·0.11H2O
实施例2
(原料浆料)
于室温搅拌条件下以10分钟的滞留时间连续注入1.5mol/L的硫酸镁水溶液12L、及将总碱浓度制备成3.0N的苛性钠与碳酸钠的碱混合液(2NaOH:Na2CO3=90:10)11.4L,而进行反应。过滤所得的约23.4L的反应浆料,以21L的水进行通水清洗后,进行脱水,利用柜式干燥机于105℃干燥18小时。利用乳钵将干燥物粉碎,通过网眼为150μm的金属丝网,获得1040gBET法比表面积为260m2/g的下述式所示的白色粉末。
Mg(OH)1.80(CO3)0.10·0.10H2O
(2价金属的负载)
向50g该白色粉末中添加500ml水,于搅拌下添加1.0mol/L的硫酸铜水溶液43.2ml后,于室温保持搅拌30分钟。过滤所得的反应浆料,以1L的水进行通水清洗后,进行脱水,利用柜式干燥机于105℃干燥18小时。利用乳钵将干燥物粉碎,通过网眼为150μm的金属丝网,获得49.3gBET法比表面积为214m2/g的下述式所示的淡蓝色粉末。
Mg0.95Cu0.05(OH)1.80(CO3)0.10·0.14H2O
实施例3
(原料浆料)
于室温搅拌条件下以10分钟的滞留时间连续注入1.5mol/L的硫酸镁水溶液12L、及将总碱浓度制备成3.0N的苛性钠与碳酸钠的碱混合液(2NaOH:Na2CO3=90:10)11.4L,而进行反应。过滤所得的约23.4L的反应浆料,以21L的水进行通水清洗后,进行脱水,利用柜式干燥机于105℃干燥18小时。利用乳钵将干燥物粉碎,通过网眼为150μm的金属丝网,获得1040gBET法比表面积为260m2/g的下述式所示的白色粉末。
Mg(OH)1.80(CO3)0.10·0.10H2O
(2价金属的负载)
向50g该白色粉末中添加500ml的水,于搅拌下添加1.0mo1/L的氯化镍水溶液43.2ml后,于室温保持搅拌30分钟。过滤所得的反应浆料,以1L的水进行通水清洗后,进行脱水,利用柜式干燥机于105℃干燥18小时。利用乳钵将干燥物粉碎,通过网眼为150μm的金属丝网,获得48.5gBET法比表面积为225m2/g的下述式所示的淡绿色粉末。
Mg0.94Ni0.06(OH)1.80(CO3)0.10·0.16H2O
实施例4
(原料浆料)
于室温搅拌条件下以10分钟的滞留时间连续注入1.5mol/L的硫酸镁水溶液12L、及将总碱浓度制备成3.0N的苛性钠与碳酸钠的碱混合液(2NaOH:Na2CO3=90:10)11.4L,而进行反应。过滤所得的约23.4L的反应浆料,以21L的水进行通水清洗后,在水中进行乳化而制成10L。利用喷雾干燥器将其干燥,获得950gBET法比表面积为263m2/g的下述式所示的白色喷雾造粒粉末。
Mg(OH)1.80(CO3)0.10·0.18H2O
(2价金属的负载)
向50g该白色喷雾造粒粉末中添加500ml水,于搅拌下添加1.0mo1/L的氯化锌水溶液43.2ml后,于室温保持搅拌30分钟。过滤所得的反应浆料,以1L的水进行通水清洗后,进行脱水,利用柜式干燥机于105℃干燥18小时。将干燥物通过网眼为500μm的金属丝网,获得48.0gBET法比表面积为180m2/g的下述式所示的白色粉末。
Mg0.94Zn0.06(OH)1.78(CO3)0.11·0.12H2O
实施例5
(原料浆料)
于室温搅拌条件下以10分钟的滞留时间连续注入1.5mol/L的硫酸镁水溶液12L、及将总碱浓度制备成3.0N的苛性钠与碳酸钠的碱混合液(2NaOH:Na2CO3=90:10)11.4L,而进行反应。过滤所得的约23.4L的反应浆料,以21L的水进行通水清洗后,在水中进行乳化而制成10L。利用喷雾干燥器将其干燥,获得950gBET法比表面积为263m2/g的下述式所示的白色喷雾造粒粉末。
Mg(OH)1.80(CO3)0.10·0.18H2O
(2价金属的负载)
向50g该白色喷雾造粒粉末中添加500ml的水,于搅拌下添加1.0mol/L的硫酸铜水溶液43.2ml后,于室温保持搅拌30分钟。过滤所得的反应浆料,以1L的水进行通水清洗后,进行脱水,利用柜式干燥机于105℃干燥18小时。将干燥物通过网眼为500μm的金属丝网,获得48.5gBET法比表面积为209m2/g的下述式所示的淡蓝色粉末。
Mg0.94Cu0.06(OH)1.82(CO3)0.09·0.12H2O
比较例1
使用试剂特级氢氧化钙。BET法比表面积为13.2m2/g。
比较例2
使用协和化学工业股份有限公司(協和化学工業(株))制造的氢氧化镁“KISUMA 5”。BET法比表面积为5.9m2/g。
比较例3
使用协和化学工业股份有限公司制造的氢氧化镁“キョ一ワスイマグF”。BET法比表面积为57.6m2/g。
比较例4
于室温搅拌条件下以10分钟的滞留时间连续注入1.5mol/L的硫酸镁水溶液12L、及将总碱浓度制备成3.0N的苛性钠与碳酸钠的碱混合液(2NaOH:Na2CO3=90:10)11.4L,而进行反应。过滤所得的约23.4L的反应浆料,以21L的水进行通水清洗后,进行脱水,利用柜式干燥机于105℃干燥18小时。利用乳钵将干燥物粉碎,通过网眼为150μm的金属丝网,获得1040gBET法比表面积为260m2/g的下述式所示的白色粉末。
Mg(OH)1.80(CO3)0.10·0.10H2O
比较例5
于室温搅拌条件下以10分钟的滞留时间连续注入1.5mol/L的硫酸镁水溶液12L、及将总碱浓度制备成3.0N的苛性钠与碳酸钠的碱混合液(2NaOH:Na2CO3=90:10)11.4L,而进行反应。过滤所得的约23.4L的反应浆料,以21L的水进行通水清洗后,在水中进行乳化而制成10L。利用干燥机将其干燥,获得950gBET法比表面积为263m2/g的下述式所示的白色喷雾造粒粉末。
Mg(OH)1.80(CO3)0.10·0.18H2O
通过以下方法对上述实施例1~5和比较例1~5进行分析。
(1)镁(Mg)、锌(Zn)、铜(Cu)、镍(Ni):螯合滴定法
(2)碳酸(CO2):JIS R9101氢氧化钠溶液-盐酸滴定法
(3)干燥减量(H2O):日本药局方外医药品规格干燥减量
(4)BET法比表面积:液氮吸附法装置(ユアサアイオニクス製NOVA2000)
(5)X射线结构分析:自动X射线衍射装置(リガク製RINT2200V)
(6)造粒粒子外观:扫描式电子显微镜(SEM)(日立制作所(日立製作所)制造的S-3000N)
将组成分析和BET法比表面积的测定结果示于表1。
图1表示实施例1~5中所得到的复合氢氧化镁化合物的X射线衍射图像。X射线衍射图显示实施例1~5中所得到的粒子均为氢氧化镁。
将实施例5的喷雾造粒品的SEM照片示于图2。由图2得知,本申请发明的含有碳酸基团的复合氢氧化镁是造粒性优异,容易利用喷雾干燥器或挤出造粒机等制成目标大小的造粒品。
表1
Mg(wt%) | Zn(wt%) | Cu(wt%) | Ni(wt%) | CO2(wt%) | H2O(wt%) | BET(m2/g) | |
实施例1 | 34.48 | 5.36-- | 7.70 | 2.88 | 206 | ||
实施例2 | 34.11- | 5.17- | 6.49 | 3.72 | 214 | ||
实施例3 | 33.62-- | 4.97 | 6.45 | 4.13 | 225 | ||
实施例4 | 33.99 | 6.13-- | 6.99 | 3.20 | 180 | ||
实施例5 | 33.96- | 5.94- | 6.15 | 3.20 | 209 | ||
比较例1---- | 0.77 | 0.00 | 13.2 | ||||
比较例2 | 41.67--- | 0.18 | 0.10 | 5.9 | |||
比较例3 | 40.86--- | 0.72 | 0.76 | 57.6 | |||
比较例4 | 38.09--- | 6.74 | 2.76 | 260 | |||
比较例5 | 35.87--- | 6.23 | 4.66 | 263 |
接下来,通过下述方法对上述实施例1~5和比较例1~5进行酸性气体吸附试验。将各酸性气体的吸附试验的结果示于表2~4。
(1)氯化氢气体吸附失效试验(破過試験)
在内径为14mm的玻璃制管柱中填充0.5g的玻璃绒与粉末样品。向该管柱中以0.44L/分钟的流量通入94.1ppm的氯化氢气体,利用检气管测定管柱出口浓度。失效时间设为管柱出口浓度超过供给浓度的0.5%(0.5ppm)的时间。
(2)SOx气体吸附失效试验
在内径为14mm的玻璃制管柱中填充0.5g的玻璃绒与粉末样品。向该管柱中以0.44L/分钟的流量通入136ppm的SO2气体,利用检气管测定管柱出口浓度。失效时间设为管柱出口浓度超过供给浓度的0.5%(0.7ppm)的时间。
(3)硫化氢气体吸附试验
将30mg的粉末样品放入容量为1L的采样袋(テドラ一バック)中,于脱气后填充99.1ppm的硫化氢标准气体,使用岛津气相色谱仪-GC-14B(附有FPD检测器)经时测定采样袋内的硫化氢气体浓度。管柱使用填充管柱“β,β′-氧二丙腈25%”。对于180分钟吸附时间以内硫化氢除去率为100%的样品,抽出采样袋内的气体,再次填充99.1ppm的硫化氢标准气体并再测定一次。
硫化氢除去率(%)=(吸附前气体浓度-吸附后气体浓度)/吸附前气体浓度×100
表2
表3
表4
实施例1~5的BET法比表面积大的复合氢氧化镁与比较例1~3的通常的氢氧化钙或氢氧化镁相比,对用于试验的全部酸性气体的吸附率均较高。比较例4~5的BET法比表面积大的含有碳酸基团的氢氧化镁虽然对氯化氢气体或SOx气体显示出优异的吸附能力,但对硫化氢气体吸附能力低,均不及复合化Zn或Cu、Ni的实施例1~5。
发明效果
本发明的复合氢氧化镁具有极高的BET法比表面积。本发明的复合氢氧化镁不仅对氯化氢气体、SOx气体、乙酸类气体,而且对硫化氢气体或甲硫醇具有优异的吸附性能。本发明的复合氢氧化镁由于锌、铜等2价金属不均匀地存在于氢氧化镁表面,因此可通过负载少量2价金属而发挥复合化的效能。
根据本发明的制造方法,由于先合成BET法比表面积大的含有碳酸基团的氢氧化镁,并向其中添加欲复合化的金属的金属盐水溶液,因此可容易地获得BET法比表面积大的复合氢氧化镁。
另外,本发明的复合氢氧化镁,将镁盐与Zn或Cu等其它金属盐的混合金属盐水溶液及碱性物质在CO3根离子的存在下进行反应也可以合成。根据该方法,可获得锌、铜等2价金属均匀分散的BET法比表面积大的复合氢氧化镁,可防止由复合化引起的BET法比表面积的下降。如果根据用途改变制造方法,则可以选择复合化金属的分布。
本发明的吸附剂不仅对氯化氢气体、SOx气体、乙酸类气体,而且对硫化氢气体或甲硫醇也具有优异的吸附性能。
产业上的可利用性
本发明的复合氢氧化镁由于与酸性物质的反应较快,因此用作具有速效性的酸性物质吸附剂·中和剂。另外,可期待用于各种填充料或陶瓷材料、食品添加剂或制酸剂等多种用途。
Claims (12)
1.一种复合氢氧化镁,其以下述式(1)表示,且通过BET法测得的比表面积为100~400m2/g:
Mg1-xMx(OH)2-y(CO3)0.5y·mH2O (1)
(其中,式中M表示选自Zn2+、Cu2+、Ni2+、Co2+、Ca2+、Mn2+、Fe2+、和Ba2+的至少一种2价金属离子,x、y及m满足下述条件:
0<x≤0.5
0.02≤y≤0.7
0≤m≤1)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的复合氢氧化镁,其中,在式(1)中M为选自Zn2+、Cu2+和Ni2+的至少一种2价金属离子。
3.根据权利要求1所述的复合氢氧化镁,其中,通过BET法测得的比表面积为120~350m2/g。
4.根据权利要求1所述的复合氢氧化镁,其中,x满足0<x≤0.2。
5.根据权利要求1所述的复合氢氧化镁,其中,y满足0.04≤y≤0.6。
6.一种将根据权利要求1所述的复合氢氧化镁于350℃以上煅烧而获得的煅烧物。
7.一种根据权利要求1所述的复合氢氧化镁的制造方法,其特征在于,向BET法比表面积为100m2/g以上的含有碳酸基团的氢氧化镁浆料中添加选自Zn2+、Cu2+、Ni2+、Co2+、Ca2+、Mn2+、Fe2+和Ba2+的至少一种2价金属盐的水溶液并混合,使2价金属氢氧化物负载于氢氧化镁表面。
8.一种根据权利要求1所述的复合氢氧化镁的制造方法,其包括:在CO3根离子存在下,使Mg离子与选自Zn2+、Cu2+、Ni2+、Co2+、Ca2+、Mn2+、Fe2+和Ba2+的至少一种2价金属离子及OH根离子在水中接触。
9.一种吸附剂,其含有根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的复合氢氧化镁。
10.根据权利要求9所述的吸附剂,其中,将复合氢氧化镁在粒径为0.05~20mm的范围内进行造粒。
11.一种使用根据权利要求9或10所述的吸附剂而制成的化学过滤器。
12.根据权利要求9或10所述的吸附剂,其用于酸性气体或有机溶剂中的酸性物质的吸附用或除臭用。
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US20130092625A1 (en) | 2013-04-18 |
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