CN1028471C - Two system method crossbreeding technology for long-grained nonglutinous rice subspecised - Google Patents
Two system method crossbreeding technology for long-grained nonglutinous rice subspecised Download PDFInfo
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- CN1028471C CN1028471C CN 90105497 CN90105497A CN1028471C CN 1028471 C CN1028471 C CN 1028471C CN 90105497 CN90105497 CN 90105497 CN 90105497 A CN90105497 A CN 90105497A CN 1028471 C CN1028471 C CN 1028471C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a crossbreeding technique with two system methods for the subspecies of hsien rice and japonica rice. The hsien rice and japonica rice are crossbred in two systems through a two-step bridging method, wherein a light-sensitive sterile system is bred by a first-step bridging method, and an affinity restoring system of the hsien rice and the japonica rice is bred by a second-step bridging method. The fructification rate of the subspecies of the hsien rice and the japonica rice which are obtained by hybridizing a male parent and a female parent reaches more than 80 %, the seed production yield is more than 250 kilograms, and the subspecies are used as early rice, late rice or quarterly rice in large-area production. Compared with three-system hybrid rice sown at the same period, the crossbreeding technique increases the rice yield by 10 to 20%.
Description
Two system method crossbreeding technology for long-grained nonglutinous rice subspecised belongs to hybridization and system of selection improvement plant gene.
Since the mid-1970s, the breeding and promoting of indica hybrid rice, the rice yield that improves China has been made major contribution, the improvement of having got back of the outcrossing rate aspect that is combined in ripe phase, resistance, rice matter and male sterile line of new in recent years seed selection, but on output, do not obtain big breakthrough so far, main cause is that indica hybrid rice only limits to intervarietal cross, and the genetic distance between the parents is nearer, thereby hybrid vigour is limited.The popularizing area of japonica hybrid rice is still little at present, and advantage is not enough, and its reason also is to lack in the japonica rice subspecies enough genetic diversities.Because the reproduction sovereignty nuisance between the indica rice, the hybridization first filial generation has than the stronger advantage of intervarietal hybrid but the ripening rate of following is on the low side, therefore will utilize indica-japonica heterosis, realize the higher yield of Rice Production, overcoming ripening rate low is the key of indica-japonica hybrid breeding.
The breeding cost height is one of limiting factor of current hybrid rice production, the prospect that crossbreed breeding two line method has been opened up in the successful seed selection of photaesthesia nuclear sterile material, crossbreed produces and raising hybrid seed frequency to simplify, thereby reduces breeding cost, but does not combine with advantage of indica and japonica subspecies utilization as yet.
It is low that the present invention is intended to overcome indica-japonica hybrid filial generation ripening rate, with the utilization of realization indica-japonica heterosis, and and then enforcement indica and japonica subspecies two line method crossbreeding new way.
The technical scheme that realizes the object of the invention is the two step bridge formation law technologies that adopt between the indica rice.It is characterized in that:
(1) one step bridge formation seed selection Xian round-grained rice photaesthesia caryon sterile line: it is maternal to select indica type (A) rice varieties such as the word 5-4 of section to do, round-grained rice type (B) rice varieties is hybridized as male parent as land-reclaimable 58, proterties occurring from second filial generation separates, select through the osculant that more than 10 generations are continuous, it is stable and with the rice strain of the sterile phenomenon of height like the osculant proterties (AB) of Xian like round-grained rice, plant type to obtain the fringe type, therefrom selects the photaesthesia caryon sterile line again;
(2) two step bridge formation seed selection Xian round-grained rice congenial restoring lines: come green grass or young crops and indica type IR661 hybridization always with the round-grained rice type, the round-grained rice type that in hybrid generation, selects recovery be again with pawl furrow rice CP-9001 combo, select Xian round-grained rice type (AB) congenial restoring line;
(3) production of hybrid seeds of subspecies indica and japonica hybrid rice: with the farming S-1 Xian of section round-grained rice type photaesthesia caryon sterile line is female parent, and 89-63,84-15 Xian round-grained rice congenial restoring line are male parent, preparation indica and japonica subspecies (ABAB) first generation of hybrid.
With example in detail the present invention is described in detail below:
1. one go on foot bridge formation method seed selection Xian round-grained rice photaesthesia caryon sterile line.
With the word 5-4(Xian of section) the work female parent, land-reclaimable 58(round-grained rice) hybridizes as male parent, indica, japonica-cline type and osculant having occurred in the second generation of hybrid separates for three kinds, select osculant wherein, selection through some generations, finally make osculant stable, select the photaesthesia caryon sterile line again in stable osculant strain system then, the purity and the fertility of male sterile line are 99.8～100%.Its seed selection process is seen figure.
Xian round-grained rice type photosensitive sterile line seed selection figure
The word 5-4(Xian of section) * land-reclaimable 58(round-grained rice)
F1 ... three seeds survive a strain, accept whole self-fertility seeds.
↓
F2 ... osculant two fringes are sent in 2185 strains, eliminate indica, japonica-cline type.
↓
F3 ... 108 strains, four types of separation: gynoecium exposed conveying appliance, the short bar type of round shaped grain, king-rod is indica type, the short bar type of long grain.
↓
F4 ... plant four sub-districts, continue to separate, No. 18 strains are to select 9 fringes from the short bar type of long grain.
↓
F5 ... plant " 18 in length " individual plant, continue to separate, select the osculant individual plant.
：
：
↓
F13 ... separate by for dwindling " 18 in length ", therefrom selects photosensitive Xian round-grained rice caryon sterile line.
Selecting the fringe type like round-grained rice.Behind " 18 in length " of plant type like Xian, different friendship 54% is selected photosensitive-sensitive sterile line with the sterile phenomenon of height on the sterile basis of height, and this photosensitive-sensitive sterile line has following characteristics:
(1) do not fluctuate in long illumination low temperature (at 14 hours at sunshine, temperature is below 20 ℃) sterility, still keep the sterile of 99.2-99.8%, long light hot conditions (at 14 hours at sunshine, temperature is more than 30 ℃) sterile degree is 100%;
(2) combo is in extensive range, common long-grained nonglutinous rice, java rice, the restoring force that the affine cording of Xian round-grained rice is strong, and affine with the Xian round-grained rice especially is that restoring force is up to 85.7%, approaching with conventional rice ripening rate;
(3) rice and ratoon rice have tangible stage, guarantee the purity of hybrid seeding and self propagated seed;
(4) there is the purple mark first generation of hybrid bud scale both sides, are beneficial to the difference of crossbreed.
2. two go on foot bridge formation method seed selection Xian round-grained rice congenial restoring line.
Come blue or green (round-grained rice) and (IR661(Xian) hybridization with old, the round-grained rice type that in hybrid generation, selects recover system again with CP-9001(pawl furrow rice) combo, successfully select Xian round-grained rice type congenial restoring line, the seed selection process is seen figure.
Old next blue or green (round-grained rice)/IR661(Xian)
：
↓
F5/9001(pawl furrow rice)
↓
F3 ' ... Xian round-grained rice type congenial restoring line (code name: 89-63,84-15)
Owing to recover system and indica type affine system (pawl furrow rice) combo with the round-grained rice type, with the compatibility gene transformation, thereby male parent tool sterility is recovered and the affine dual gene of Xian round-grained rice, with Xian round-grained rice type (AB) photosensitive-sensitive sterile line stronger restorative and compatibility is arranged like this, so indica and japonica subspecies (ABAB) is produced.Indica and japonica subspecies is other combos relatively, and ripening rate is higher, sees following table for details.
3. subspecies indica and japonica hybrid rice producing method for seed
With the farming S-1 Xian of section round-grained rice type light sensitive nuclear sterility is maternal, 89-63, and 84-15 Xian round-grained rice type is affine to be male parent, and the first generation of hybrid of preparation is indica and japonica subspecies, and its producing method for seed is as follows:
(1) this intermission seeding of father and mother guarantees flower synchronization
Area, the Yangtze river basin, maternal in sowing on March 30, heading about July 10, blade amt is 16.Male parent is as adopting 89-63,84-15, or CP17 etc., then should be in sowing in March about 20, total leaf number is 17; As adopting the clear 64-7 of indica restorer line, male parent can be sowed with the maternal same period; As adopt the conventional Xian production of hybrid seeds early, and male parent was than sowing in maternal late 40-45 days, and the florescence easily meets like this.
In Hainan production of hybrid seeds, then the affine system of Xian round-grained rice was sowed with the maternal same period, the sowing in maternal Zao 10 days of indica type affine system ratio, and common long-grained nonglutinous rice, father and mother broadcast this same period.
(2) cultivate the strong seedling of tillering
The about 18-22g of section's farming S-1 thousand grain weigth, therefore in the stage in tri-leaf period, oligotrophy in the seed endosperm, poor growth, thereby will strengthen management, it is fertile early to execute wean, and the attention dry field is taken root, the cultivation strong seedling of tillering is noted taking the insulation measure when temperature is low, guarantee normally to emerge.
(3) control best pollinated stage
The farming S-1 Xian of section round-grained rice type photosensitive-sensitive sterile line when sunshine is more than 12 hours, transforms to sterile direction, and be complete sterility in the time of 14 hours sunshine on average.Impinged upon the same day below 12 hours, beginning transforms to educating direction, and sunshine, average out to was 10 hours, for all educating.Therefore in all parts of the country is the fertility conversion critical phase with the spring and fall equinoxes, the Summer Solstice and Winter Solstice is sterile and can educates two limit phases.
Under long illumination condition, the sterility of male sterile line is temperature influence not, even be lower than in temperature under 20 ℃ the situation, sterility does not fluctuate yet.The production of hybrid seeds under the cryogenic conditions of Hainan, sterility keeps relative stability, and breeding must be carried out in the autumn of short light high temperature.
(4) strengthen artificial supplementary pollination
Section farming S-1 is bloomed early at long light high temperature season, and is late closed, generally from 9 in the morning to 2 pm, when therefore spending and various male parent meet substantially.Simultaneously, maternal stigma exposing ratio height, Dan Lu and two dew rate are more than 80%, and nothing is closed grain husk and is not opened phenomenon.Therefore the paternal pollen amount is sufficient, and outcrossing seed-setting rate is about 75%, and is approximate substantially with conventional rice.Maternal do not have neck-clipping phenomenon substantially, meets low temperature period as the production of hybrid seeds, and slight neck-clipping phenomenon is arranged, and every mu as long as use 1-2 gram " 920 ".The emphasis in this stage is to strengthen artificial supplementary pollination, rises when female parent is bloomed, and can shake pollen by tool using, ends until the male parent WUHUAFEN.Hybrid seed yield generally can reach 200 kilograms like this, and high reaches more than 300 kilograms.
(5) strict removal of impurities is rogued
Do the maternal production of hybrid seeds with the farming S-1 of section, the normal production of hybrid seeds in season of a GPRS, assorted bad phenomenon is rare; In case find maternal impurity of seeds, should before heading, reject.As finding in the ranks that at female parent seedling has purple fringe, show maternal impurity of seeds, also be considered as impurity of seeds as plant height, breeding time and the fringe grain type of female parent are different, all should be in the heading pre-treatment.
Adopt technical scheme of the present invention, make female parent with Xian round-grained rice type photosensitive-sensitive sterile line, the affine 89-63 of being of Xian round-grained rice type makes male parent, maternal sowing on March 25 (Yangtze river basin), and male parent was sowed than maternal Zao 5-7 days.Father and mother's row originally is than being 2: 14～16 during the skewer seedling, and density is 4 * 5 cun, the two strains in every cave; Florescence meets entirely, and hybrid seed yield is more than 250 kilograms, and the interval is about 15 days after first generation of hybrid harvesting, can gather in the crops maternal selfed seed (ratoon rice) and make sterile line propagation usefulness.Do early rice with indica and japonica subspecies,, and increase production more than 10% than short 10 days of three-line hybrid rice breeding time, do one season rice or late rice, production ratio ternary hybrid rice volume increase 15～20%.
As with Xian round-grained rice type photosensitive-sensitive sterile line and conventional long-grained nonglutinous rice or pawl furrow type long-grained nonglutinous rice combo, obtain the inferior subspecies of ABA Xian round-grained rice, the ternary hybrid rice volume increase of doing morning, all comparable sowing same period of late rice is more than 10%.
The solid several ripening rates of combo combo form number of grain per ear (%)
S/ Hubei Province No. 5 ABB 305 98.28 31.2 in evening
S/ two or nine blue or green ABA 360 257.40 71.5
S/CP17 ABA 310 241.18 77.8
S/02428 ABB 250 151.25 60.5
S/89-63 ABAB 337 288.81 85.7
Annotate S: be the farming S-1 Xian of section round-grained rice type photosensitive-sensitive sterile line
Claims (1)
1, a kind of two system method crossbreeding technology for long-grained nonglutinous rice subspecised is characterized in that:
(1) one step bridge formation seed selection Xian round-grained rice photaesthesia caryon sterile line: it is maternal to select indica type (A) rice varieties word 5-4 of section to do, land-reclaimable 58 hybridize as male parent in round-grained rice type (B) the paddy rice product, proterties occurring from second filial generation separates, select through the osculant that more than 10 generations are continuous, obtain the fringe type like round-grained rice, plant type is stable and with the rice strain of the sterile phenomenon of height like the osculant proterties (AB) of Xian, therefrom selects the photaesthesia caryon sterile line again;
(2) two steps bridge formation seed selection Xian round-grained rice congenial restoring line; Come green grass or young crops and indica type JR661 hybridization always with the round-grained rice type, the round-grained rice type that in hybrid generation, selects recover system again with pawl furrow rice CP-9001 combo, select Xian round-grained rice type (AB) congenial restoring line;
(3) production of hybrid seeds of subspecies indica and japonica hybrid rice: with the farming S-1 Xian of section round-grained rice type photaesthesia caryon sterile line is female parent, 89-63, and 84-15 Xian round-grained rice congenial restoring line is a male parent, preparation indica and japonica subspecies (ABAB) first generation of hybrid.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 90105497 CN1028471C (en) | 1990-07-17 | 1990-07-17 | Two system method crossbreeding technology for long-grained nonglutinous rice subspecised |
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| CN 90105497 CN1028471C (en) | 1990-07-17 | 1990-07-17 | Two system method crossbreeding technology for long-grained nonglutinous rice subspecised |
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| CN1058129A CN1058129A (en) | 1992-01-29 |
| CN1028471C true CN1028471C (en) | 1995-05-24 |
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Families Citing this family (12)
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| CN1035353C (en) * | 1992-07-23 | 1997-07-09 | 湖南农学院 | Low-temp castration process for making up seeds of hybridisation rice |
| CN1058600C (en) * | 1994-04-06 | 2000-11-22 | 河南省芝麻研究中心 | Tech. of crossbreeding of two-series sesame |
| CN1075346C (en) * | 1997-01-17 | 2001-11-28 | 四川省农业科学院水稻高粱研究所 | Technique for breeding of hybridized rice |
| CN1062310C (en) * | 1997-12-09 | 2001-02-21 | 中国科学院新疆化学研究所 | Analysis method for gene groups cross-breeding affinity between plants |
| CN1101644C (en) * | 1999-07-09 | 2003-02-19 | 华中农业大学 | Method for improving resistance of hybrid rice restoring line |
| CN1112098C (en) * | 1999-07-23 | 2003-06-25 | 华中农业大学 | Method for raising rice yield potentiality |
| CN1092474C (en) * | 2000-03-27 | 2002-10-16 | 山西省运城地区种子公司 | Selection and breeding method for disease-resistant variety of watermelon |
| CN1094722C (en) * | 2000-04-10 | 2002-11-27 | 湖北大学生命科学学院 | Method for breeding of new rice variety and hybridized rice by distant hybridization and double dominancy of polyploid |
| CN102640701B (en) * | 2012-05-16 | 2013-12-04 | 中国水稻研究所 | Selecting and breeding method for long-grained hybrid japonica rice |
| CN103444511B (en) * | 2013-08-14 | 2015-10-21 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | A kind of breeding method of rice indica hybrid parent round-grained rice restorer |
| CN105918111A (en) * | 2016-05-12 | 2016-09-07 | 安徽理想种业有限公司 | Breeding method for novel japonica rice cytoplasmic sterile line |
| CN106561443A (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2017-04-19 | 湖北大学 | Polyploidy rice two-line restoring line breeding technology |
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