CN1094722C - Method for breeding of new rice variety and hybridized rice by distant hybridization and double dominancy of polyploid - Google Patents
Method for breeding of new rice variety and hybridized rice by distant hybridization and double dominancy of polyploid Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a breeding method of utilizing the dual heterosis on the basis of distant hybridization and polyploid. In the method, by selecting special genes with wide compatibility or no syngamy or no PH, etc., which have the functions of improving the hybridization compatibility and reducing the sterility of progeny, the polyploid induction and the identification are carried out to a hybridization parent so that the polyploid of inter-subspecific hybrids, interspecific hybrids, identical genome interspecific hybrids and different genome interspecific hybrids are formed, and polyploid rice varieties are selected and bred; simultaneously, by utilizing the male sterility and the characteristics of male restoring genes, polyploid hybridization rice is selected and bred. In the present invention, the diplont rice is converted into allotraploid rice and allohexaploid rice by fully utilizing the distant hybridization heterosis and the polyploid heterosis, and thus, a result that the output is increased twofold is obtained.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method for a kind of new rice variety and hybrid rice seed selection, particularly utilize the method for distant hybridization and double dominancy of polyploid breeding rice new varieties and hybrid rice.
Background technology
In the face of population sustainable growth, soil sharply reduce, the severe challenge of food shortage potential collision hazard; world's rice breeding circle is carrying out super hybridization rice and super hybridized rice breeding; target is to reach volume increase 50% in 15～30 years of future, and per hectare reaches produces 13～15 tons in grain.The difficulty of realizing this goal is many.The first, existing conventional breeding and hybrid rice breeding almost all are to carry out on the dliploid level, being with interior the beneficial gene combination of genome (A genome) and partly introducing the minority alien gene of utilization; And paddy rice is a dliploid, and genome is very little, and dna content is few, and chromosome is little.Therefore on this basis, it is very difficult to want to cultivate better rice new varieties.It two is that the output of conventional rice and hybrid rice improved seeds or strain has reached 500～700 kilograms of levels of per mu yield at present.On high like this starting point level, reach volume increase 30～50%, the many anti-standards of high-quality, must walk to enlarge affiliation and increase heterotic road, and the fundamental characteristics of sexual reproduction, kind sexual isolation has determined affiliation to cross the high or thorough sterile final result of offspring's sterility far away; Affiliation is crossed nearly offspring's ripening rate height, and then advantage is not strong.So until now, conventional hybridization breeding and hybrid rice breeding also do not have thoroughly to solve the problem of use of advantage between indica and japonica subspecies.Let alone between utilizing kind, the hybrid vigour between different genes group kind.It three is, over nearly 50 years, the paddy rice polyploid breeding has the minority scientist in research, but the polyploid that is obtained almost all is an autotetraploid, do not exceed subspecies polyploid level as yet, and the homologous chromosome pairing easily forms mixing phenomena such as quadrivalent, trivalent, bivalent and monovalence body and causes chromosome can not be evenly distributed in the daughter cell during autopolyploid reduction division, thereby influence the fertility of female and male gametophyte and determined that the autotetraploid ripening rate is low, therefore the destiny of offspring's poor stability gone back neither one polyploid rice kind until today and be applied to produce.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to avoid the deficiency in above-mentioned conventional breeding, crossbreeding and the autopolyploid breeding technology, and the angle of evolving from crop provides a kind of breeding method of utilizing double dominant based on distant hybridization and polyploidization, to utilize inter subspecific hybrid polyploid advantage, species hybrid polyploid advantage and different genes group species hybrid polyploid advantage exactly, reach the purpose that improves output.
Purpose of the present invention can reach by following measure:
A kind of method of utilizing distant hybridization and double dominancy of polyploid breeding rice new varieties and hybrid rice, utilize the ploidy level hybrid vigour of the different genes group of the affiliation hybrid vigour of distant hybridization and allopolyploid, selection has increases cross compatibility, reduce the special genes such as extensively affine, apomixis, Ph of offspring's sterility effect, carry out multiploid induction and discriminating, form inter subspecific hybrid, species hybrid, different genes group species hybrid polyploid, select the polyploid rice kind.
Or utilize the ploidy level hybrid vigour of the different genes group of the affiliation hybrid vigour of distant hybridization and allopolyploid, selection has special genes such as extensively affine, the apomixis that increases cross compatibility and reduce the effect of offspring's sterility, Ph, also utilize the characteristic of male sterile and male recovery gene simultaneously, carry out multiploid induction and discriminating, form inter subspecific hybrid, species hybrid, different genes group species hybrid polyploid, select the polyploid hybrid rice.
The polyploidy novel breed breeding has four programs:
1) parent selects,, selection far away with affiliation has 3 subspecies of Asia cultivated rice of extensively affine or special genes such as apomixis or Ph, 2 species of cultivated rice, 7 species of A genome wild rice, 15 species of 9 different genes groups (B, C, D, E, F, G, H, J, K) wild rice are hybrid strain.
2) make up edge polyploid hybrid far away and multiploid induction and discriminating, adopt colchicine to handle paddy rice to above-mentioned dissimilar hybrid strain and sprout seedling, tillering stage, rice shoot was induced the formation polyploid, determine the polyploid rice plant according to external form feature and chromosome observation, form the polyploid parent, these parents are hybridized mutually, form Asia rice inter subspecific hybrid polyploid, cultivated rice species hybrid polyploid, A genome cultivated rice wild rice species hybrid polyploid, different genes group species hybrid polyploid, be built into dissimilar edge polyploid hybrids far away;
Perhaps utilize dissimilar parent's phase mutual crosses earlier, obtain inter subspecific hybrid, species hybrid, the species hybrid of A genome and the species hybrid of different genes group, adopt seedling that colchicine handle to sprout, tillering stage rice shoot to induce the formation polyploid to these hybrid parents again, determine the polyploid rice plant according to external form feature and chromosome observation, be built into dissimilar edge polyploid hybrids far away;
3) selection of polyploid hybrid according to the many anti-breeding goals of good quality and high output of new varieties, is selected the polyploid rice hybrid.
4) the polyploid rice hybrid through how for character observation and selection, product than and district's examination select the how anti-polyploid rice new varieties of high yield and high quality.
The seed selection of polyploid hybrid rice has four programs:
1) polyploid hybrid rice parent selects., selection far away with affiliation has 3 subspecies of inferior state cultivated rice of extensively affine or apomixis or Ph gene and special genes such as male sterile, male recovery, 2 species of cultivated rice, 7 species of A genome wild rice, 15 species of 9 different genes groups (B, C, D, E, F, G, H, J, K) wild rice are that hybrid rice male sterile line and male recovery are the parent;
2) polyploid male sterile line and male recovery system inducing and differentiating.With above-mentioned dissimilar male sterile lines and male recovery through selection is the parent, adopts colchicine-induced to form polyploid, and determines polyploid male sterile line and male recovery system from external form feature and chromosome observation;
3) preparation edge polyploid hybrid far away.With above-mentioned dissimilar polyploid male sterile line and male recovery system hybridization preparation edge polyploid hybrid far away, select the strong polyploid hybrid of hybrid vigour according to the economic characters of hybrid, resistance etc. again;
4) seed selection polyploid hybrid rice.According to the performance of polyploid hybrid, after product ratio, district's examination, select the polyploid hybrid rice.
The specific practice of selection is:
One, inter subspecific hybrid polyploid kind.
(1) has the kind phase mutual cross of extensively affine or apomixis or Ph gene with long-grained nonglutinous rice (Oryza sativa sp.indica) extreme form kind, japonica rice (O.sativa ssp.japonica) extreme form kind, java rice (O.sativa ssp.javonica) kind and selection, obtain inter subspecific hybrid; Handle and differentiate formation inter subspecific hybrid polyploid through (0.1----0.3%) colchicine-induced;
(2) or earlier induce processing long-grained nonglutinous rice extreme form kind, japonica rice extreme form kind, java rice kind and selection to have the kind of extensively affine, apomixis or Ph gene respectively with colchicine (0.1----0.3%) and form tetraploid, their phase mutual crosses then, and form the inter subspecific hybrid polyploid;
(3) the breeding objective seed selection polyploid kind that resists according to good quality and high output more.
Two, species hybrid polyploid kind.
(1) selection has Asia cultivated rice (O.sativa) kind, African cultivated rice (O.glaberrima) kind of extensively affine or apomixis or Ph gene, the phase mutual cross obtains cultivated rice species hybrid, handles forming cultivated rice species hybrid polyploid through (0.1----0.3%) colchicine;
(2) or earlier handle respectively with colchicine (0.1----0.3%) and have extensively affine or the Asia cultivated rice of apomixis or Ph gene, African cultivated rice and form tetraploid, then their phase mutual crosses and form cultivated rice species hybrid polyploid:
(3) the breeding objective seed selection polyploid kind that resists according to good quality and high output more.
Three, species hybrid polyploid kind in the A genome.
(1) to have the inferior state cultivated rice of extensively affine or apomixis or Ph gene, Africa cultivated rice (all belonging to the A genome) respectively with African wild rice (O.barthii), open up the southern wild rice of the long stamen wild rice of clever wild rice (O.grunaepatula) (O.longistaninata) (O.meridionalis), Buddhist nun's vara wild rice (O.nivara), perennial wild rice (O.rufipogon), common wild-rice A genome wild rice species phase mutual crosses such as (O.perennis), obtain the species hybrid in the A genome, handle forming species hybrid polyploid in the A genome through (0.1----0.3%) colchicine;
(2) or earlier handle genomic cultivated rice of above-mentioned A and wild rice formation tetraploid respectively with colchicine (0.1----0.3%), then their phase mutual crosses and form homogenic group of species hybrid polyploid;
(3) the breeding objective breeding rice new varieties that resist according to good quality and high output more.
Four, different genes group species hybrid polyploid kind.
(1) selection has the inferior state cultivated rice of extensively affine or apomixis or Ph gene, Africa cultivated rice (all belonging to the A genome) respectively with 9 different genes group (B, C, D, E, F, G, H, J, K) high bar wild rice (O.alta), Australia's state wild rice (O.australiensis), short medicine stamen wild rice (O.brachyantha), tight fringe wild rice (O.eichingeri), heavy clever wild rice (O.grandiglumis), particle wild rice (O.granulata), broad-leaved wild rice (O.lalifolia), long sterile lemma wild rice (O.longigglumis), oryza meyeriana (O.meyeriana), horse traction wild rice (O.malamphuzhaensis), granule wild rice (O.minuta), oryza officinalis (O.officinalis), spot wild rice (O.punctata), perennial root wild rice (O.rhizomatis), the 15 kinds of wild rice species phases mutual crosses such as (O.schlechteri) of extremely short grain wild rice, obtain the species hybrid between the different genes group, handle forming different genes group species hybrid polyploid through (0.1----0.3%) colchicine;
(2) or earlier handling cultivated rice and wild rice formation polyploid respectively with colchicine (0.1----0.3%), is female parent with the cultivated rice polyploid then, and the wild rice polyploid is that male parent is hybridized, and forms allogene group species hybrid polyploid;
(3) the breeding objective breeding rice new varieties that resist according to good quality and high output more.
In above-mentioned breeding method, it is with (0.1----0.3%) colchicine that polyploid doubles to handle, and under 20----24 ℃ temperature, through 24----48 hour (being as the criterion with tip of a root swelling), handling the seedling sprouted (leaf wholeheartedly or two leaves) and forms polyploid; Perhaps use (0.1----0.3%) colchicine, under 20----24 ℃ temperature, soaked 36----48 hour, handle the rice shoot (be with two to tiller, with pocket knife at the standardized osculum of rice shoot base portion) of the Sheng phase of tillering and form polyploid.
In above-mentioned breeding method, the selection of hybrid polyploid is to increase, have thicken thick, stem stalk of awns, leaf to increase thick requirement and carry out external form and observe by grain, cytological observation is carried out in the requirement that becomes big, root tip chromosomes counting and pollen mother cells behavior by the blade pore, determines good polyploid rice plant.
In above-mentioned breeding method, how anti-the seed selection process of new rice variety for selecting good polyploid strain system, strain according to good quality and high output breeding objectives, tries than, district, behind the demonstration plant, determines the polyploid rice new varieties through product.
In above-mentioned breeding method, polyploid hybrid rice seed selection process be, flowering habit good, warm light transformation characteristic stable according to the self progeny obviously, self-fruitful rate and outcrossing rate select polyploid male sterile line and polyploid to recover system in the requirement 30% or more, are that combo relatively selects strong advantage polyploid hybrid rice according to polyploid male sterile line and polyploid recovery.
In above-mentioned breeding method, the kind of selecting to have wide affinity characteristic is as the parent, with compatibility that increases distant hybridization and the sterility that overcomes filial generation; Select the kind of apomixis characteristic to do the parent, to increase the stability of filial generation: the kind of selecting to have Ph gene inhibition homoeologous chromosomes pairing characteristic is done the parent, to suppress the homoeologous chromosomes pairing between the different genes group, guarantee allopolyploid offspring stability and high ripening rate.
The present invention utilizes the same breeding of dliploid conventional hybridization, the hybrid rice breeding in the past of distant hybridization and double dominancy of polyploid breeding, and breeding has the different of essence with autotetraploid.
The present invention has following advantage:
1, can utilize the distant hybridization advantage, hybrid vigour is extended to subspecies, between the cultivation seed rice, between homogenic group of kind and between different genes group kind.
2, utilize the polyploid advantage, paddy rice is become allotetraploid and allohexaploid by dliploid, expectation obtains similar wheat and evolves to allotetraploid from dliploid, evolves to allohexaploid again, the output better result of (30--50%), quality and resistance that increases substantially.
3, overcome the low and unsettled shortcoming of offspring of autotetraploid ripening rate.
Embodiment
The present invention is further described with embodiment below.
Utilize this technology acquisition ripening rate height, good result that advantage is strong in polyploid torrid zone japonica rice (belonging to the java rice type) and apomictic rice hybridization; In polyploid long-grained nonglutinous rice and apomixis japonica rice filial generation, obtained the strain system of higher ripening rate and strong advantage.
Since 1996, we were with the apomictic rice product inter subspecific hybrid that to be the parent with the long-grained nonglutinous rice of edge far away or japonica rice hybridization obtain has the apomictic rice blood relationship.1997, this inter subspecific hybrid has been carried out selecting of wide compatibility gene, apomixis and Ph gene, and to adopt the 0.1----0.3% colchicine to handle the hybrid rice shoot of the Sheng phase of tillering and obtain the polyploid strain be 16.Plant to the system of homophyletic not carried out seed selection in 1998, and the strain that has therefrom obtained ripening rate 62.1～82.8% is 5, its main proterties such as table 1.
The strain of the several apomixis strain of table 1 hybrid polyploid is a The Characters
Table 1 The result of seed set in several hybrid polyploid lines from apomictic cultivar
| The polyploid strain is Polyploid plant line | Total grain number/fringe No.spikelet/panicle | Real grain number No.seed set | Ripening rate % Frequency of seed set | Thousand kernel weight (gram) Weight of thousand grain (g) | |
| 1 | 1549-1 | 170.5 | 121.0 | 71.0 | 42.1 |
| 2 | 1549-2 | 187.0 | 139.0 | 74.3 | 40.1 |
| 3 | 1549-3 | 187.5 | 116.5 | 62.1 | 43.4 |
| 4 | CD147-1 | 81.5 | 67.5 | 82.8 | 45.3 |
| 5 | CD147-2 | 92.5 | 65.5 | 70.8 | 47.3 |
The Li Yuan celebrating waits and utilizes apomictic rice strain PDER-2B and America cultivated rice kind to carry out tetraploid and hybrid research thereof, see the critical defect that autopolyploid fringe grain tails off, ripening rate is low significantly, but two affiliation inter subspecific hybrid polyploids far away show powerful hybrid vigour, not only fringe is big, grain is big, and ripening rate is 70.4～85.9%, reaches normal solid level (table 2) fully.
Table 2 several Asia rice and America cultivated rice hybrid polyploid fecundity
Table 2 The result of seed set in several hybrid Polyploid from Asian rice and American rice
*PDER-2B is an Asia rice apomixis strain, and Jackson, L202 are America cultivated rice kind.
*PDER-2Bis an apomictic Asian rice line，Jackson，L202 are American cultivars.
| Kind or combination * Cultivar or combination | The real grain of every fringe number No seed/panicle | Ripening rate (%) Frequency of seed set | Thousand kernel weight (gram) Weight of thousand grain (g) | |
| 1 | 2n PDER--2B | 138.0 | 82.3 | 32.7 |
| 2 | 4x PDER--2B | 84.8 | 57.6 | 51.9 |
| 3 | 2n jackson | 155.4 | 85.3 | 23.4 |
| 4 | 4x jackson | 100.6 | 43.7 | 37.0 |
| 5 | 4x PDER--2B/4x jacksonF1 | 187.0 | 85.9 | 46.8 |
| 6 | 2n L202 | 123.3 | 89.2 | 27.4 |
| 7 | 4x L202 | 96.0 | 39.3 | 48.0 |
| 8 | 4x PDER--2B/4x L202 F1 | 148.0 | 72.5 | 51.0 |
| 9 | 4x L202/4x PDER--2BF1 | 176.0 | 70.4 | 46.5 |
Claims (12)
1, a kind of method of utilizing distant hybridization and double dominancy of polyploid breeding rice new varieties and hybrid rice, it is characterized in that utilizing the ploidy level hybrid vigour of the different genes group of the affiliation hybrid vigour of distant hybridization and allopolyploid, selection has increases the wide affine or special genes such as apomixis or ph that cross compatibility reduces the effect of offspring's sterility, carry out multiploid induction and discriminating, form inter subspecific hybrid, species hybrid, different genes group species hybrid polyploid, select the polyploid rice kind.
2, a kind of method of utilizing distant hybridization and double dominancy of polyploid breeding rice new varieties and hybrid rice, it is characterized in that utilizing the ploidy level hybrid vigour of the different genes group of the affiliation hybrid vigour of distant hybridization and allopolyploid, selection has increases the wide affine or apomixis that cross compatibility reduces the effect of offspring's sterility, or special gene such as ph, also utilize the characteristic of male sterile and male recovery gene simultaneously, carry out multiploid induction and discriminating, form inter subspecific hybrid, species hybrid, different genes group species hybrid polyploid selects the polyploid hybrid rice.
3, breeding method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the polyploidy novel breed breeding has four programs:
1) parent selects,, selection far away with affiliation has 3 subspecies of inferior state cultivated rice of wide parent or special genes such as apomixis or ph, 2 species of cultivated rice, 7 species of A genome wild rice, 15 species of 9 different genes groups (B, C, D, E, F, G, H, J, K) wild rice are hybrid strain;
2) make up edge polyploid hybrid far away and multiploid induction and discriminating, adopt colchicine to handle paddy rice to above-mentioned dissimilar hybrid strain and sprout seedling, tillering stage, rice shoot was induced the formation polyploid, determine the polyploid rice plant according to external form feature and chromosome observation, form the polyploid parent, these parents are hybridized mutually, form Asia rice inter subspecific hybrid polyploid, cultivated rice species hybrid polyploid, A genome cultivated rice wild rice species hybrid polyploid, different genes group species hybrid polyploid, be built into dissimilar edge polyploid hybrids far away;
Perhaps utilize dissimilar parent's phase mutual crosses earlier, obtain inter subspecific hybrid, species hybrid, the species hybrid of A genome and the species hybrid of different genes group, adopt seedling that colchicine handle to sprout, tillering stage rice shoot to induce the formation polyploid to these hybrid parents again, determine the polyploid rice plant according to external form feature and chromosome observation, be built into dissimilar edge polyploid hybrids far away;
3) selection of polyploid hybrid according to the many anti-breeding goals of good quality and high output of new varieties, is selected the polyploid rice hybrid;
4), how the polyploid rice hybrid selects high-quality polyploid rice new varieties for character observation and selection, product ratio and district's examination through.
4, breeding method according to claim 2 is characterized in that the seed selection of polyploid hybrid rice has four programs:
1) polyploid hybrid rice parent selects,, selection far away with affiliation has 3 subspecies of inferior state cultivated rice of extensively affine or apomixis or ph gene and special genes such as male sterile, male recovery, 2 species of cultivated rice, 7 species of A genome wild rice, 15 species of 9 different genes groups (B, C, D, E, F, G, H, J, K) wild rice are that hybrid rice male sterile line and male recovery are the parent;
2) polyploid male sterile line and male recovery system inducing and differentiating, with above-mentioned dissimilar parent's male sterile lines and male recovery system through selecting, adopt colchicine-induced to form polyploid, and determine polyploid male sterile line and male recovery system from external form feature and chromosome observation;
3) preparation edge polyploid hybrid far away is with above-mentioned dissimilar polyploid male sterile line and male recovery system hybridization preparation edge polyploid hybrid far away, according to strong polyploid hybrids of selection hybrid vigour such as the economic characters of hybrid, resistances;
4) seed selection polyploid hybrid rice according to the performance of polyploid hybrid, after product ratio, district's examination, selects the polyploid hybrid rice.
5, according to claim 1,3 described breeding methods, it is characterized in that:
(1) (Oryza sativa ssp.indic a) extreme form kind, japonica rice (O.sativa ssp.Japonica) extreme form kind, java rice (O.sativa ssp.javonica) kind and selection has the kind phase mutual cross of extensively affine, apomixis or ph gene, obtains inter subspecific hybrid with long-grained nonglutinous rice; Handle and differentiate formation subspecies polyploid through (0.1----0.3%) colchicine-induced;
(2) or earlier induce processing long-grained nonglutinous rice extreme form kind, japonica rice extreme form kind, java rice kind and selection to have the kind of extensively affine, apomixis or ph gene respectively with colchicine (0.1---0.3%) and form tetraploid, their phase mutual crosses then, and form the inter subspecific hybrid polyploid;
(3) the breeding objective seed selection polyploid kind that resists according to good quality and high output more.
6, according to claim 1,3 described breeding methods, it is characterized in that:
(1) selection has Asia cultivated rice (O.sativa) kind, African cultivated rice (O.glaberrima) kind of extensively affine or apomixis or ph gene, the phase mutual cross obtains cultivated rice species hybrid, handles forming cultivated rice species hybrid polyploid through (0.1----0.3%) colchicine;
(2) or earlier handle respectively with colchicine (0.1----0.3%) and have extensively affine or the Asia cultivated rice of apomixis or ph gene, African cultivated rice and form tetraploid, then their phase mutual crosses and form cultivated rice species hybrid polyploid;
(3) the breeding objective seed selection polyploid kind that resists according to good quality and high output more.
7, according to claim 1,3 described breeding methods, it is characterized in that:
(1) to have the inferior state cultivated rice of extensively affine or apomixis or ph gene, Africa cultivated rice (all belonging to the A genome) respectively with African wild rice (O.barthii), open up the southern wild rice of the long stamen wild rice of clever wild rice (O.grunaepatula) (O.rongistaninata) (Omeridionalis), Buddhist nun's vara wild rice (O.nivara), perennial wild rice (O.rufipogon), common wild-rice A genome wild rice species phase mutual crosses such as (O.perennis), obtain the species hybrid in the A genome, handle forming species hybrid polyploid in the A genome through (0.1----0.3%) colchicine;
(2) or earlier handle genomic cultivated rice of above-mentioned A and wild rice formation tetraploid respectively with colchicine (0.1---0.3%), then their phase mutual crosses and form homogenic group of species hybrid polyploid;
(3) the breeding objective breeding rice new varieties that resist according to good quality and high output more.
8, according to claim 1,3 described breeding methods, it is characterized in that:
(1) selection has the inferior state cultivated rice of extensively affine or apomixis or ph gene, Africa cultivated rice (all belonging to the A genome) respectively with 9 different genes group (B, C, D, E, F, G, H, J, K) high bar wild rice (O.alta), Australia's state wild rice (O.australiensis), the tight fringe wild rice (O.eichingeri) of short medicine stamen wild rice (O.brachyantha), heavy clever wild rice (O.grandiglumis), particle wild rice (O.granulata), the long sterile lemma wild rice of broad-leaved wild rice (O.lalifolia) (O.longigglumis), oryza meyeriana (O.meyeriana), horse traction wild rice (O.malamphuzhaensis), granule wild rice (O.minuta), oryza officinalis (O.officinalis), spot wild rice (O.punctata), perennial root wild rice (O.rhizomatis), the 15 kinds of wild rice species phases mutual crosses such as (O.schlechteri) of extremely short grain wild rice, obtain the species hybrid between the different genes group, handle forming different genes group species hybrid polyploid through (0.1--0.3%) colchicine;
(2) or earlier handling cultivated rice and wild rice formation polyploid respectively with colchicine (0.1-0.3%), is female parent with the cultivated rice polyploid then, and the wild rice polyploid is that male parent is hybridized, and forms allogene group species hybrid polyploid;
(3) the breeding objective breeding rice new varieties that resist according to good quality and high output more.
9, breeding method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that it is with (0.1--0.3%) colchicine that polyploid doubles to handle, and under 20--24 ℃ temperature, through 24--48 hour, handles the seedling of axenic germination and forms polyploid; Perhaps use (0.1--0.3%) colchicine, under 20--24 ℃ temperature, soaked 36--48 hour, handle the rice shoot of the Sheng phase of tillering and form polyploid.
10, breeding method according to claim 1 and 2, the selection that it is characterized in that hybrid polyploid is to increase, have thicken thick, stem stalk of awns, leaf to increase thick requirement and carry out external form and observe by grain, cytological observation is carried out in the requirement that becomes big, root tip chromosomes counting and pollen mother cells behavior by the blade pore, determines good polyploid rice plant.
11, according to claim 1 or 3 described breeding methods, it is characterized in that the seed selection process for selecting good polyploid strain system, strain according to the how anti-breeding objectives of good quality and high output, try than, district, behind the demonstration plant, determine the polyploid rice new varieties through product.
12, according to claim 2 or 4 described breeding methods, it is characterized in that, flowering habit good, warm light transformation characteristic stable by the self progeny obviously, self-fruitful rate and outcrossing rate select polyploid male sterile line and polyploid to recover system in the requirement 30% or more, are that combo relatively selects advantage polyploid hybrid rice according to polyploid male sterile line and polyploid recovery.
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| CN1058129A (en) * | 1990-07-17 | 1992-01-29 | 邓祚荣 | Two system method crossbreeding technology for long-grained nonglutinous rice subspecised |
| CN1213495A (en) * | 1997-10-07 | 1999-04-14 | 中国科学院成都生物研究所 | Novel cross breeding of rice and its tech. for same |
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2000
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1058129A (en) * | 1990-07-17 | 1992-01-29 | 邓祚荣 | Two system method crossbreeding technology for long-grained nonglutinous rice subspecised |
| CN1213495A (en) * | 1997-10-07 | 1999-04-14 | 中国科学院成都生物研究所 | Novel cross breeding of rice and its tech. for same |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100344223C (en) * | 2004-08-31 | 2007-10-24 | 湖北大学 | Polyploid rice breeding and detecting method with polyploid meiosis stability gene |
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