CN102792873A - Forest well type water-saving irrigation method - Google Patents
Forest well type water-saving irrigation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102792873A CN102792873A CN2012103148482A CN201210314848A CN102792873A CN 102792873 A CN102792873 A CN 102792873A CN 2012103148482 A CN2012103148482 A CN 2012103148482A CN 201210314848 A CN201210314848 A CN 201210314848A CN 102792873 A CN102792873 A CN 102792873A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of a forest water-saving irrigation method, and relates to a forest well type water-saving irrigation method which is performed according to the following steps: (1) measuring and checking the soil condition of the woodland requiring irrigation and determining the size of required porous silo pipes; (2) forming at least two holes matched with the porous silo pipes on the ground surface of root distribution region at the periphery of each forest; and (3) installing the porous silo pipes in the holes formed in the step (2). According to the invention, the conventional forest surface irrigation method is changed, water is directly irrigated to the underground forest root distribution regions by a conventional trickle irrigation system and the lateral leakage of the porous silo pipes, the ground surface is kept in a drier or dry state, and the capillary pipes of the soil in the irrigation humid region and the soil on the ground surface are in a breaking state, so that the surface evaporation after irrigation is greatly prevented and reduced, the water is effectively supplied for the forest root system, and the water utilization efficiency is improved to achieve a water-saving purpose.
Description
Technical field
the present invention relates to forest water-saving irrigation method technical field, are a kind of forest well formula water-saving irrigation methods.
Background technology
Implement in full with the ecological construction
is main forest development strategy; Bring into play forestry ecology, economy, society, carbon remittance and cultural five functional better; It is the development strategy of country; China will accomplish 6,000,000 hectares of new afforestation every year at no distant date, implement territory ecological safety barrier strategy, national timber and grain and oil security strategy, carbon fixation and emission reduction strategy, the Huimin strategy of enlarging afforested area and prosperity ecological culture strategy five great strategies through afforestation.Afforestation, making our country green is national strategy and civic duties and programme area, will accomplish forest every year and afforest more than (planting) 90,000,000,000 strains.China about 1/3rd zone belongs to that humid region, 1/3rd zone belong to half humid region, 1/3rd areas belong to arid, semiarid zone; Except that moistening area; Other regional forestry all need be irrigated the normal growth that ensures forest basically and grown; Arid and semi-arid lands particularly is directly connected to existence and the g and D of forest, shows that the forestry that needs are irrigated accounts for about 2/3rds of China Forest.China is a country that drought and water shortage is serious on the other hand; The freshwater resources total amount is 28000 billion cubic meters, accounts for 6% of water globe resource, is only second to Brazil, Russia and Canadian; Occupy the 4th in the world; But have only 2200 cubic metres per capita, be merely world average level 1/4, rank 121 in the world, be one of 13 countries that water resource is the poorest per capita in the whole world.Therefore; The contradiction of shortage of water resources; The Chinese strategy of sustainable development brought have a strong impact on, the forestry water-saving irrigation has highlighted the critical role in forestry, ecological construction system, is the important measures that improve and ensure the afforestation effect; Be the inevitable requirement of forestry and social sustainable development simultaneously; According to incompletely statistics, the business unit that is engaged in water-saving irrigation device manufacturing, product management, water-saving irrigation project construction and technological service in China has within the border exceeded thousand families, and wherein manufacturing enterprise can account for the half the of sum approximately.Workshop, stock ground, semi-finished product and warehouse for finished product, inspection facility etc. can reach the requirement of industrial design rules standard basically.Main production equipments such as irrigate band production line, injection moulding collection, Digit Control Machine Tool are generally domestic manufacturing, and small number of devices is external import, and most enterprises possess the mould manufacturing capacity.Since before more than 30 years to the research and development of external water-saving irrigation technique of initial introduction and equipment to today, the enterprise of China can make nearly all in the world water-saving irrigation device at present.Though water saving measures such as drip irrigation and spray irrigation to a certain extent can using water wisely,, existing drip surface, sprinkling irrigation etc. are easy to form rainwash, cause that the evaporation from topsoil amount is big, water application efficiency is not high.
Summary of the invention
the invention provides a kind of forest well formula water-saving irrigation method, have overcome the deficiency of above-mentioned prior art, and it can effectively solve the low problem of existing drip surface water use efficiency.
technical scheme of the present invention realizes through following measure: a kind of forest well formula water-saving irrigation method; Undertaken by following step: the first step; The soil regime in the forest land that needs are irrigated is measured and is checked, confirms the size of needed vertical shaft pipe with holes; Second step: beat at least two holes that match with vertical shaft pipe with holes on the ground surface of the root-room around every strain forest; In the 3rd step, go on foot installation vertical shaft pipe with holes in the hole of accomplishing fluently second; The 4th step, in the forest land that needs are irrigated, drip irrigation system is installed, the delivery port of each drip irrigation emitter in the drip irrigation system is corresponding with the opening of the vertical shaft pipe with holes upper end of installing in the 3rd step respectively; The 5th step, carry out normal conventional drip irrigation and irrigate, it is inner that the water of drip irrigation emitter gets into vertical shaft pipe with holes, after the water in the vertical shaft pipe with holes exosmoses the root system of forest irrigated, and makes the ground moistening district cover the Root Distribution zone of every strain forest.Be to the further optimization of foregoing invention technical scheme below or/and improve:
In
above-mentioned irrigation process, check the situation of water at vertical shaft pipe with holes, it is not excessive and do not form rainwash from vertical shaft pipe with holes top guarantee to irrigate moisture.
above-mentioned vertical shaft pipe with holes comprises body; The lower end of body is fixed with sealing plate, is intervally distributed with apopore on the body, and water inlet is arranged at the top of body.
The top apopore can be greater than 10 centimetres apart from the distance at body top on
above-mentioned body.
The aperture of
above-mentioned apopore can be 0.5 millimeter to 1 centimetre.
above-mentioned body adopts the hard material pipe; Or/and being shaped as of body is circular polygonal or oval; Or/and being shaped as of apopore is circular polygonal or oval.
above-mentioned when the forest leading thread in the forest land of required irrigation be below 9 centimetres the time, the length of body can be 20 centimetres to 50 centimetres, bore is 2 centimetres to 5 centimetres.
above-mentioned when the forest leading thread in the forest land of required irrigation be more than 9 centimetres the time, the length of body can be 40 centimetres to 70 centimetres, bore is 3 centimetres to 8 centimetres.
above-mentioned when the forest leading thread in the forest land of required irrigation be below 9 centimetres the time, the number in hole can be two, the hole is thing or north and south is symmetrically distributed, punch position is apart from 30 centimetres to 60 centimetres of forest leading threads.
above-mentioned when the forest leading thread in the forest land of required irrigation be more than 9 centimetres the time, the number in hole can be four, the hole is the four corners of the world and distributes symmetrically and evenly, punch position is apart from 50 centimetres to 100 centimetres of forest leading threads.
the present invention changes the surface irrigation method of conventional forestry; Horizontal seepage through conventional drip irrigation system and vertical shaft pipe with holes is directly irrigated underground fine-root area with moisture; Make the face of land still keep dry, drying regime, cause and irrigate humid region soil and be in breaking state, stop greatly and reduce the surface evaporation after the irrigation with the surface soil capillary; Make water effective supply with fine-root, thereby improve the utilization ratio of water and reach the purpose of water saving.
Description of drawings
accompanying drawing 1 is looked the half section structural representation for the master of most preferred embodiment of the present invention.
accompanying drawing 2 is looked the half section sketch map for the master that most preferred embodiment ground moistening of the present invention district covers the Root Distribution zone.
accompanying drawing 3 is the three-dimensional structure for amplifying sketch map of vertical shaft pipe with holes among the embodiment 1.
Coding in
accompanying drawing is respectively: 1 is the forest land, and 2 is forest, and 3 is the hole, and 4 is root system, and 5 is irrigation system, and 6 for irrigating water dropper, and 7 is body, and 8 is sealing plate, and 9 is aperture, and 10 is the ground moistening district.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing the present invention is further described:
are like Fig. 1, shown in 2; This forest well formula water-saving irrigation method is undertaken by following step: the first step; The soil regime in the forest land 1 that needs are irrigated is measured and is checked, through measuring average forest leading thread and the Root Distribution zone and the soil texture of forest 2, confirms the size of needed vertical shaft pipe with holes; Generally speaking, the vertical shaft Guan Yuechang with holes that selects of sticking more heavy soil of the seeds, the soil texture that reach all the more of root system 4 and the big more forest 2 of forest leading thread; Second step: on the ground surface of the root-room around every strain forest 2, beat at least two holes 3 that match with vertical shaft pipe with holes; Vertical shaft Guan Yuechang with holes, hole 3 is just darker, the aperture is just big more; Hole 3 can be distribution rule symmetrically and evenly, also can be irregular; In the 3rd step, go on foot installation vertical shaft pipe with holes in the hole of accomplishing fluently 3 second; The 4th step; In the forest land 1 that needs are irrigated, drip irrigation system is installed; The delivery port of each drip irrigation emitter 6 in the drip irrigation system is corresponding with the opening of the vertical shaft pipe with holes upper end of installing in the 3rd step respectively, guarantees to irrigate water dropper 6 and oozes the moisture that comes and can directly get in the vertical shaft pipe with holes; The 5th step, carry out normal conventional drip irrigation and irrigate, it is inner that the water of drip irrigation emitter 6 gets into vertical shaft pipe with holes, after the water in the vertical shaft pipe with holes exosmoses the root system of forest 2 irrigated, and makes ground moistening district 10 cover root system 4 distributed areas of every strain forest 2.
Can according to actual needs above-mentioned forest well formula water-saving irrigation method be done further to optimize or/and improve:
in the irrigation process, checked the situation of water at vertical shaft pipe with holes like Fig. 1, shown in 2, and it is not excessive and do not form rainwash from vertical shaft pipe with holes top guarantee to irrigate moisture.
are as shown in Figure 3, and vertical shaft pipe with holes comprises body 7, and the lower end of body 7 is fixed with sealing plate 8, is intervally distributed with apopore 9 on the body 7, and water inlet is arranged at the top of body 7.Apopore 9 guarantees to splash into body 7 inner moisture, and in time to get into soil be that fine-root provides moisture.
are as shown in Figure 3, on the body 7 the top apopore 9 apart from the distance at body 7 tops greater than 10 centimetres.Water hole 9 is not designed on the top of body 7, is water level in body 7 when too high, and moisture can not get into the soil on the face of land, avoids causing water loss because of evaporation from topsoil.
are as shown in Figure 3, and the aperture of apopore 9 is 0.5 millimeter to 1 centimetre.
are as shown in Figure 3, and body 7 adopts the hard material pipes, can be damaged in the time of can avoiding body 7 to receive the extruding of soil like this.
shown in accompanying drawing 1, being shaped as of body 7 is circular polygonal or oval; Or/and being shaped as of apopore 9 is circular polygonal or oval; Can confirm according to actual needs.
like Fig. 1,2, shown in 3, and when the forest leading thread in the forest land 1 of required irrigation is below 9 centimetres the time, the length of body 7 is 20 centimetres to 50 centimetres, and bore is 2 centimetres to 5 centimetres.
like Fig. 1,2, shown in 3, and when the forest leading thread in the forest land 1 of required irrigation is more than 9 centimetres the time, the length of body 7 is 40 centimetres to 70 centimetres, and bore is 3 centimetres to 8 centimetres.
are like Fig. 1,2, shown in 3; When the forest leading thread in the forest land 1 of required irrigation is below 9 centimetres the time; The number in hole 3 is two, and hole 3 is thing or north and south and is symmetrically distributed, punch position apart from 30 centimetres of forest leading threads (being the forest rhizome) to 60 centimetres.
like Fig. 1,2, shown in 3, and when the forest leading thread in the forest land 1 of required irrigation is more than 9 centimetres the time, the number in hole 3 is four, and hole 3 is the four corners of the world and distributes symmetrically and evenly, and punch position is apart from 50 centimetres to 100 centimetres of forest leading threads.
as stated above; After stopping every year irrigating; Before next year is reused vertical shaft pipe with holes being extracted the root system 4 that cleans vertical shaft pipe with holes outside influences the tamper that moisture exosmoses with other, guarantees that in use moisture can exosmose smoothly; When next year continues to use, can confirm position punching and the length of conversion vertical shaft pipe with holes and the caliber and the irrigation volume of vertical shaft pipe with holes again according to growth, the development of forest 2 growths and root system 4, generally speaking, change in 2 years to 3 years once gets final product.
After 2 kinds of
forests are planted; Along with growing of forest 2; Forest leading thread, the hat width of cloth, root system 4 are more and more huger, have certain positive correlation quantitative relation between the three, and actual conditions show that forest leading thread, the hat width of cloth are big more; Root system 4 is huge more, and the needed moisture of forest 2 normal growths is just many more.Therefore; In above-mentioned method, mention; The length of big more, the with holes vertical shaft pipe of caliber of big more, the with holes vertical shaft pipe of forest 2 is longer, big more, the with holes vertical shaft pipe of irrigation volume is far away more apart from forest 2, and general requirement is that the humid region of irrigating can match with root system 4 area.
This method technique effect is estimated:
Experimental group: is that example is irrigated according to this method with the red date woods, and spring, average forest leading thread was 6.3 centimetres, hat width of cloth thing 1.56m; 85 centimetres of root system depth, root system thing distribute and all to reach 1.55m, and the pipe range of selecting vertical shaft pipe with holes is that 35 centimetres, bore are 3 centimetres pvc pipe; Punch position is apart from 65 centimetres of forest leading threads, and each one of forest east-west direction, water dropper is selected 8L; Once irrigated 4 hours, once irrigated July in 6 hours, one-period 8 days to 20 days;
Control group: adopt trench planting furrow irrigation, other conditions are all identical;
Compare discovery to experimental group, the amount of growth of control group red date, output autumn, and the red date forest of experimental group and control group does not form significant difference, shows that the red date output of experimental group and control group is identical, quality does not have significant change; Irrigation volume through to experimental group and control group compares discovery, and the irrigation volume of control group is 1 year every mu of 1200m
3
, the irrigation volume of experimental group is 1 year every mu of 380 m
3
, the irrigation volume of comparing with control group has reduced by 820 m
3
, water consumption be control group 31.7%, water saving reaches 68.3%, so water-saving result of the present invention is remarkable.
Claims (10)
1. forest well formula water-saving irrigation method is characterized in that being undertaken by following step: the first step, and the soil regime in the forest land that needs are irrigated is measured and is checked, confirms the size of needed vertical shaft pipe with holes; Second step: beat at least two holes that match with vertical shaft pipe with holes on the ground surface of the root-room around every strain forest; In the 3rd step, go on foot installation vertical shaft pipe with holes in the hole of accomplishing fluently second; The 4th step, in the forest land that needs are irrigated, drip irrigation system is installed, the delivery port of each drip irrigation emitter in the drip irrigation system is corresponding with the opening of the vertical shaft pipe with holes upper end of installing in the 3rd step respectively; The 5th step, carry out normal conventional drip irrigation and irrigate, it is inner that the water of drip irrigation emitter gets into vertical shaft pipe with holes, after the water in the vertical shaft pipe with holes exosmoses the root system of forest irrigated, and makes the ground moistening district cover the Root Distribution zone of every strain forest.
2. forest well formula water-saving irrigation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that in the irrigation process, check the situation of water at vertical shaft pipe with holes, and it is not excessive and do not form rainwash from vertical shaft pipe with holes top guarantee to irrigate moisture.
3. forest well formula water-saving irrigation method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that vertical shaft pipe with holes comprises body; The lower end of body is fixed with sealing plate, is intervally distributed with apopore on the body, and water inlet is arranged at the top of body.
4. forest well formula water-saving irrigation method according to claim 3, it is characterized in that the top apopore on the body apart from the distance at body top greater than 10 centimetres.
5. according to claim 3 or 4 described forest well formula water-saving irrigation methods, the aperture that it is characterized in that apopore is 0.5 millimeter to 1 centimetre.
6. according to claim 3 or 4 or 5 described forest well formula water-saving irrigation methods, it is characterized in that body adopts the hard material pipe; Or/and being shaped as of body is circular polygonal or oval; Or/and being shaped as of apopore is circular polygonal or oval.
7. according to claim 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 described forest well formula water-saving irrigation methods, the length that it is characterized in that body is 20 centimetres to 50 centimetres, and bore is 2 centimetres to 5 centimetres.
8. according to claim 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 7 described forest well formula water-saving irrigation methods, the length that it is characterized in that body is 40 centimetres to 70 centimetres, and bore is 3 centimetres to 8 centimetres.
9. according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 7 or 8 described forest well formula water-saving irrigation methods; It is characterized in that when the forest leading thread in the forest land of required irrigation be below 9 centimetres the time; The number in hole is two; The hole is thing or north and south is symmetrically distributed, and punch position is apart from 30 centimetres to 60 centimetres of forest leading threads.
10. according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 7 or 8 described forest well formula water-saving irrigation methods; It is characterized in that when the forest leading thread in the forest land of required irrigation be more than 9 centimetres the time; The number in hole is four; The hole is the four corners of the world and distributes symmetrically and evenly, and punch position is apart from 50 centimetres to 100 centimetres of forest leading threads.
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103070058A (en) * | 2013-01-29 | 2013-05-01 | 陵军成 | Drop irrigation tube for underground root systems of trees |
| CN104041385A (en) * | 2014-06-06 | 2014-09-17 | 新疆林业科学院 | Drought and extreme drought region sand land 1cm-4.5cm ground diameter red date tree well type irrigation method |
| CN104041379A (en) * | 2014-06-06 | 2014-09-17 | 新疆林业科学院 | Drought and extreme drought region sand land 7.5cm-10.5cm ground diameter red date tree well type irrigation method |
| CN105532368A (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2016-05-04 | 王晨煜 | Shallow shaft side infiltrating irrigation water saving irrigation method |
| CN105766183A (en) * | 2016-03-14 | 2016-07-20 | 中国烟草总公司重庆市公司烟草科学研究所 | Three-dimensional fertilizer placement drill |
| CN106797873A (en) * | 2017-02-13 | 2017-06-06 | 新疆林业科学院 | Arid irrigation district transplanting tree device and method for transplanting |
| CN107114180A (en) * | 2017-04-24 | 2017-09-01 | 仁怀市龙井乡利东种植开发有限公司 | Walnut prevention waterlogging implantation methods |
| CN107347336A (en) * | 2017-07-10 | 2017-11-17 | 新疆林业科学院 | A kind of creation method of arid irrigated area fruit tree fertilizer feeding window |
| CN108323415A (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2018-07-27 | 滨州市沾化区冬枣研究所 | A kind of winter jujube automatic irrigation device and method |
| CN112772254A (en) * | 2021-01-12 | 2021-05-11 | 甘肃农业大学 | Water-saving cultivation method for jujube trees |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103070058A (en) * | 2013-01-29 | 2013-05-01 | 陵军成 | Drop irrigation tube for underground root systems of trees |
| CN104041385A (en) * | 2014-06-06 | 2014-09-17 | 新疆林业科学院 | Drought and extreme drought region sand land 1cm-4.5cm ground diameter red date tree well type irrigation method |
| CN104041379A (en) * | 2014-06-06 | 2014-09-17 | 新疆林业科学院 | Drought and extreme drought region sand land 7.5cm-10.5cm ground diameter red date tree well type irrigation method |
| CN105532368A (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2016-05-04 | 王晨煜 | Shallow shaft side infiltrating irrigation water saving irrigation method |
| CN105766183A (en) * | 2016-03-14 | 2016-07-20 | 中国烟草总公司重庆市公司烟草科学研究所 | Three-dimensional fertilizer placement drill |
| CN106797873A (en) * | 2017-02-13 | 2017-06-06 | 新疆林业科学院 | Arid irrigation district transplanting tree device and method for transplanting |
| CN106797873B (en) * | 2017-02-13 | 2023-04-25 | 新疆林业科学院 | Drought irrigation area tree transplanting device and transplanting method |
| CN107114180A (en) * | 2017-04-24 | 2017-09-01 | 仁怀市龙井乡利东种植开发有限公司 | Walnut prevention waterlogging implantation methods |
| CN107347336A (en) * | 2017-07-10 | 2017-11-17 | 新疆林业科学院 | A kind of creation method of arid irrigated area fruit tree fertilizer feeding window |
| CN108323415A (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2018-07-27 | 滨州市沾化区冬枣研究所 | A kind of winter jujube automatic irrigation device and method |
| CN112772254A (en) * | 2021-01-12 | 2021-05-11 | 甘肃农业大学 | Water-saving cultivation method for jujube trees |
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| CN102792873B (en) | 2015-04-29 |
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