CN102792138A - 用于确定泄漏的方法和装置 - Google Patents
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
- G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
- G01M3/04—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point
- G01M3/20—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using special tracer materials, e.g. dye, fluorescent material, radioactive material
- G01M3/202—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using special tracer materials, e.g. dye, fluorescent material, radioactive material using mass spectrometer detection systems
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
- G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
- G01M3/04—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point
- G01M3/20—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using special tracer materials, e.g. dye, fluorescent material, radioactive material
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
- G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
- G01M3/04—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point
- G01M3/20—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using special tracer materials, e.g. dye, fluorescent material, radioactive material
- G01M3/22—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using special tracer materials, e.g. dye, fluorescent material, radioactive material for pipes, cables or tubes; for pipe joints or seals; for valves; for welds; for containers, e.g. radiators
- G01M3/226—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using special tracer materials, e.g. dye, fluorescent material, radioactive material for pipes, cables or tubes; for pipe joints or seals; for valves; for welds; for containers, e.g. radiators for containers, e.g. radiators
- G01M3/229—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using special tracer materials, e.g. dye, fluorescent material, radioactive material for pipes, cables or tubes; for pipe joints or seals; for valves; for welds; for containers, e.g. radiators for containers, e.g. radiators removably mounted in a test cell
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
- G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
- G01M3/26—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
- G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
- G01M3/26—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors
- G01M3/32—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors for containers, e.g. radiators
- G01M3/3281—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors for containers, e.g. radiators removably mounted in a test cell
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Abstract
使用吸附剂(22)用于在包含可液化的气体的设备(10)上确定泄漏,所述物体(10)的环境气体(15)输入穿过所述吸附剂。所吸附的气体通过操作激发装置(25)来解吸并且输送至气体传感器(30),所述气体传感器包含质谱仪(31)。以这种方式能够通过积聚来确定最小量的泄漏气体。所述方法特别适合使用在制冷机的批量生产中。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于在设备上确定泄漏的方法,所述设备包含可液化的气体,特别是冷却剂,以及涉及一种相应的用于确定泄漏的装置。
背景技术
在制冷机的批量生产中,例如冰箱或空调,所希望的是在大气压下集成在批量生产中的密封性检查。特别的困难是:在几十秒的非常短的时间内,必须确定冷却剂的极其低的在ppb范围内的浓度。在此,其他排放的碳水化合物,例如漆、溶剂、润滑剂或洗涤剂能够产生干扰的背景,所述背景能够通过冷却剂的相应的选择性测量来排除。气泡试验在浸入检查的范围内几乎不可能,因为在待检查的设备上可能出现不可逆的损害。
至今为止,没有方法能够在短时间内以生产线的线节奏来完全地检查完全可运行的制冷机的冷却剂的溢出。人们如此应对,其方式在于局部地借助探测件来搜索对于泄漏已知的部位,如焊接部位、密封件、阀等。在此极其需要操作者的细心和专注。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供用于在包含可液化的气体的设备上确定泄漏的方法和装置,使得尽管待探测气体的浓度低,但是实现了可靠的和迅速的泄漏检测。
根据本发明的方法通过权利要求1定义。所述方法提出环境气体从设备环境输送经过或者穿过吸附剂,所述吸附剂将可液化的气体吸附。之后,实现激发吸附剂用于解吸所吸附的气体。那么被解吸的气体为了选择性检测气体输送到气体传感器上。因此根据本发明实现了在吸附剂上的待检测气体的积聚。在加浓吸附剂之后,实现激发用于解吸所吸附的气体,例如通过热辐射。所积聚的气体在相应提高的浓度中吸出到气体传感器。以这种方式,借助间歇性的运行即使在低的气体浓度下也能够得到可靠的测量结果,所述测量结果也允许量化。这样的测量方法能够在生产线的过程中使用,而没有减缓生产节奏。第一次选择在吸附期间发生,因为吸附剂被选择性粘合。第二次选择在气体传感器中实现,其中涉及一种选择性的气体传感器,所述气体传感器不仅能够探测气体,而是还能够分析,例如是质谱仪。
在根据本发明的方法中,首先实现了在例如20秒的一定时间上在探测的气体中选择性吸附冷却剂。在此之后紧接着突然解吸气体到质谱仪中,在此关于浓缩时间和吸附时间可测的分压力出现在冷却剂的特别的质量分布曲线上。所述分压力是泄漏率的数值。因为所有干扰气体在所测出的质量分布曲线上不具有强度,所以禁止所有干扰气体,如氢气和碳氢化合物。
附图说明
接下来,参考图示详细阐述本发明的实施例。
图示的唯一附图示出实施例的原理图。
具体实施方式
进行泄漏确定的设备10是包含冷却剂循环的设备。冷却剂能够例如是R22、R410A、R134a等等。无论如何在此涉及的是可液化的气体。在图示中,设备10只示意性示出。设备10的冷却剂循环不单独地示出。通过设备的泄漏11,冷却剂以低泄漏率溢出。
在本实施例中,设备10存在于检查室12中,所述设备为了检查目的而装入所述检查室中。检查室12密封成,使得在设置的积累时间中没有值得一提的气体损耗。不存在压力差,因此所述室不必具有真空特性,并且能够很简单地实施,因此产生大的成本优势。所述室通过抽吸管路13与输送泵14连接,所述输送泵将设备10的环境气体15从检查室中吸出。检查室12能够包括用于改善环境气体与溢出的泄漏流的混合的通风机16。
检查室12不是绝对必须的。替代检查室也能够提出,使得物体或试件无包封地承受环境大气,其中在环境大气中的气流沿着在无包封试件的整个表面仅仅通过吸取来引导,如在专利申请DE 10 2009 004 363(Inficon)中所描述。
抽吸管路13引向吸附室20,所述吸附室通过第一阀21与输送泵14连接。吸附室具有封闭的壳体,在所述壳体中存在吸附剂22,所述吸附剂由气体流过或环流,使得产生大面积的接触。吸附剂必须特别地选择,由此能够将冷却剂吸附。这涉及例如活性炭或沸石。活性炭能够由椰壳制成。这类材料以ORBO的名称利用。吸附剂将所使用的冷却剂粘合,但是也将其他气体粘合。通过分离过程,在选择性气体传感器(例如质谱仪)中实现选择。在室温下在吸附剂上实现气体吸附。另一实施形式提出,在吸附阶段期间将吸附面冷却,并且之后将其加热到室温用于解吸。
吸附室20具有由石英玻璃或CaF制成的窗24。在所述窗前存在以加热灯形式的热辐射器25。热辐射器25的辐射指向吸附剂,因此实现激发吸附剂用于解吸所吸附的气体。解吸通过将热辐射器25有控制地激活来触发。
包含第二阀29的管路28从吸附室20引至气体传感器30。气体传感器30在此是具有所配属的高真空泵32的质谱仪31。气体通过管路28直接解吸到质谱仪31中。
在确定泄漏期间,首先在第二阀29封闭和第一阀21打开时吸出环境气体15。所述过程经由预设的时间例如30秒执行。在此,气体的吸附在吸附室20中实现。之后,第一阀21关闭,并且第二阀29打开。在抽吸管路13中的第三阀33关闭。在所述状态下,解吸通过激活热辐射器25实现。气体从吸附剂中释放,并且在高真空泵32的作用下到达质谱仪31中。在气体传感器30中,通过质谱仪31来测定数量上的测量值。为了校准,在与之后的用于已知泄漏的检查相同的条件下,执行整个过程。从产生的信号和已知的泄漏率的比值来算出校准因数,在所有进一步测量中使用所述校准因数。
在结束检查过程后接着下一检查过程,在所述下一检查过程中在第二阀29关闭时,首先将物体10的环境气体15通过吸附室20吸取。
Claims (10)
1.用于在设备(10)上确定泄漏的方法,所述设备包含能液化的气体,特别是冷却剂,所述方法具有如下步骤:
-从所述设备(10)的环境吸取环境气体,
-将所述环境气体输送穿过吸附剂(22),所述吸附剂吸附能液化的所述气体,
-将所述吸附剂激发,以便将所吸附的气体解吸,并且
-将所解吸的气体输送到气体传感器(30),以便选择性地检测所述气体。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述吸附剂的激发表现为加热的形式。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其中所述加热借助于热辐射器(25)实现。
4.根据权利要求1至3之一所述的方法,其中在激发步骤进行之前,结束所述环境气体穿过所述吸附剂(22)的输送。
5.根据权利要求1至4之一所述的方法,其中在所述气体传感器(30)中测定数量上的测量值,所述测量值在借助于检查泄漏进行的校准之后给出泄漏率。
6.根据权利要求1至5之一所述的方法,其中在吸附期间,将所述吸附剂(22)冷却。
7.根据权利要求1至6之一所述的方法,其中所述气体传感器(30)具有质谱仪(31),产生真空用于所述质谱仪的运行,其中解吸直接进入所述质谱仪的所述真空中实现。
8.根据权利要求1至7之一所述的方法,其中所述设备(10)定位在检查室(12)中,所述检查室包含所述环境气体。
9.用于在设备(10)上确定泄漏的装置,所述设备包含能液化的气体,特别是冷却剂,所述装置具有:输送泵(14),所述输送泵将环境气体从所述设备(10)的环境吸取并且将环境气体输送穿过吸附室(20),所述吸附室包含吸附剂(22);用于选择性地检测能液化的气体的、连接到吸附室(20)的气体传感器(30);和用于激发所述吸附剂来解吸所吸附的气体的、能够控制的激发装置。
10.根据权利要求9所述的装置,其特征在于,所述吸附室(20)通过第一阀(21)与输送泵(14)并且通过第二阀(29)与所述气体传感器(30)连接,并且通过控制装置,在吸附阶段期间将所述第二阀(29)关闭并且在解吸阶段期间将所述第二阀打开。
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DE102009059824.3 | 2009-12-21 | ||
DE102009059824A DE102009059824A1 (de) | 2009-12-21 | 2009-12-21 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Leckbestimmung |
PCT/EP2010/065984 WO2011076459A1 (de) | 2009-12-21 | 2010-10-22 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur leckbestimmung |
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US (1) | US8899099B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP2516981B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP5926191B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR101821696B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN102792138B (zh) |
BR (1) | BR112012017195B1 (zh) |
DE (1) | DE102009059824A1 (zh) |
RU (1) | RU2565327C2 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2011076459A1 (zh) |
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CN104697717A (zh) * | 2013-12-05 | 2015-06-10 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | 检漏工装箱及其检漏方法 |
CN105301185A (zh) * | 2015-09-17 | 2016-02-03 | 浙江工商大学 | 实验室甲烷泄漏检测装置和检测方法 |
CN107340101A (zh) * | 2017-07-03 | 2017-11-10 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京长城计量测试技术研究所 | 一种密封装置气体微泄漏评价装置及方法 |
CN111473610A (zh) * | 2019-01-24 | 2020-07-31 | 弗萨姆材料美国有限责任公司 | 用于容器的干燥和分析测试的系统和方法 |
CN111473610B (zh) * | 2019-01-24 | 2021-10-15 | 弗萨姆材料美国有限责任公司 | 用于容器的干燥和分析测试的系统和方法 |
CN110736823A (zh) * | 2019-10-24 | 2020-01-31 | 常州大学 | 一种用于油气泄漏检测的微纳级微流控预浓缩器装置 |
CN112393855A (zh) * | 2020-11-11 | 2021-02-23 | 贵州航天电子科技有限公司 | 一种辐射器焊缝气密检测工装及检测方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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RU2012131044A (ru) | 2014-01-27 |
BR112012017195A2 (pt) | 2016-03-22 |
KR101821696B1 (ko) | 2018-01-24 |
RU2565327C2 (ru) | 2015-10-20 |
CN102792138B (zh) | 2015-11-25 |
KR20120115330A (ko) | 2012-10-17 |
DE102009059824A1 (de) | 2011-06-22 |
US8899099B2 (en) | 2014-12-02 |
US20120261569A1 (en) | 2012-10-18 |
EP2516981A1 (de) | 2012-10-31 |
WO2011076459A1 (de) | 2011-06-30 |
BR112012017195B1 (pt) | 2020-02-27 |
JP2013515252A (ja) | 2013-05-02 |
EP2516981B1 (de) | 2013-12-11 |
JP5926191B2 (ja) | 2016-05-25 |
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