CN102763531A - Seedling cultivating method for cultivating big seedlings of Taxus chinensis var. mairei by two-stage process - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a seedling cultivating method for cultivating big seedlings of Taxus chinensis var. mairei by a two-stage process, which comprises the following steps of managing young seedlings and cultivating big seedlings. The seedling cultivating method for cultivating the big seedlings of Taxus chinensis var. mairei by the two-stage process provided by the invention is characterized by that the average plant height of young Taxus chinensis var. mairei seedlings cultivated for 5 years is 200cm, the average stem diameter is 3.6cm, and the seedling rate is 90%; while the average plant height of the young Taxus chinensis var. mairei seedlings cultivated by an ordinary seedling cultivating technology for 5 years is 146cm, the average stem diameter is 3.0cm, and the seedling rate is 70%. Therefore, the fine seedling management technology for cultivating the big seedlings by the two-stage process is beneficial to centralizing the human resource, the financial resource and the fertility, reducing the management cost, realizing fine management, promoting vigorous growth of the Taxus chinensis var. mairei seedlings, providing large amounts of high-quality seedlings for large-scale planting of the endangered Taxus chinensis var. mairei, and providing technical support and material insurance for increasing the construction level of a seedling breeding base.

Description

Two-stage method is cultivated the seedling-cultivating method of southern enqlish yew seedlings

Technical field

The present invention relates to two-stage method and cultivate the seedling-cultivating method of southern enqlish yew seedlings.

Background technology

Southern enqlish yew is China first class of protection wild plant, also is crucial a kind of woody medicinal species, contains in recent years the most effectively one of cancer therapy drug taxol.According to statistics, global taxol annual requirement 3000kg.Huge and when seriously supply falls short of demand in the market demand; Countries in the world are in order to protect these ancient endangered plants of Chinese yew; Numerous and confused legislation is forbidden it is carried out commerciality collection and utilization; " CITS " also listed it in appendix II, and its international trade of strict standard prevents consuming excessively of resource.Aggravated the disparities between supply and demand in taxol market thus, resource has become the bottleneck of restriction taxol manufacturing enterprise development.Both at home and abroad the tame research of Chinese yew (comprising southern enqlish yew) is made progress to some extent, especially taxus chinensis in northeast has been carried out the systematic research of bioecology characteristic, synecology, forest cultivation technology, structure of wood and aspects such as physical property and chemical composition; Also there are forefathers that the chemical composition of southern enqlish yew, pharmacological action, Dormancy Mechanism, cottage propagation etc. are studied, but system not.Because of Chinese yew (comprising southern enqlish yew) introduce a fine variety the cultivation cycle long, cost is high, technical difficulty is big, the taxus resource amount of present stage cultivation can not satisfy the requirement of taxol manufacturing enterprise far away.The Ministry of Forestry verifies according in November, 2005, national Chinese yew raw material forest storage seldom, Yunnan, main producing region raw material forest also has only 642.06 ten thousand strains, the rare problem in medicine source of taxol still can't solve in a short time.The method of the breaking dormancy that this method proposed is different with existing bibliographical information.This method has realized sowing then, and emergence rate can reach 30%.Can also emerge again in 1 year about 50% target has improved breeding efficiency.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is to in the common seedling raising process, the southern enqlish yew growth of seedling is slow, and resistance is poor, and a management cost high-tech difficult problem provides a kind of simple to operate, and cost is low, the seedling-cultivating method of suitable southern enqlish yew seedlings.

Two-stage method of the present invention is cultivated the seedling-cultivating method of southern enqlish yew seedlings, it is characterized in that comprising the steps:

A, seedling management: build cool canopy after the southern enqlish yew seedling emerges rapidly, complete not thinning of phase treats that seedling grows into when getting into resting stage after at Seedlings nursery in end of the year, and it is rare to move close benefit, and winter, the railway carriage or compartment face was executed the fertilizer that once becomes thoroughly decomposed, and ditch cleaning is earthed up again;

B, big seedling cultivation: the southern enqlish yew seedling is transplanted after Seedlings nursery is cultivated 2 years, carries out the intensive plantation of tea place formula, intensive management.

Two-stage method of the present invention is cultivated the seedling-cultivating method of southern enqlish yew seedlings, it is characterized in that comprising the steps:

A, seedling management: build cool canopy after the southern enqlish yew seedling emerges rapidly, prevent the seedling of burning at high temperature, strong sunshine, weeding is wanted in time, damage Chinese yew seedling when avoiding weeding; Complete not thinning of phase treats that seedling grows into when getting into resting stage after at Seedlings nursery in end of the year, and it is rare to move close benefit, and equal seedling amount is not too big, uses 1% water-loss reducer to dip in root when transplanting seedlings; Winter, the railway carriage or compartment face was executed the fertilizer that once becomes thoroughly decomposed, ditch cleaning ridging again;

B, big seedling cultivation: the southern enqlish yew seedling is transplanted after Seedlings nursery is cultivated 2 years, uses 1% water-loss reducer to dip in root during transplanting; Press the seeding row spacing of 20*30cm, the high density of every mu of 8000-10000 strain is carried out the intensive plantation of tea place formula, intensive management; The tiny branches and leaves of pinching and cutting off lower trunk about growth of taxol to 1.5 meter.

Two-stage method of the present invention is cultivated the seedling-cultivating method of southern enqlish yew seedlings, to southern enqlish yew seedling culture average plant height 200cm after 5 years, the average thick 3.6cm of stem, planting percent 90%.And general seedling growing process is cultivated average plant height 146cm after 5 years, the average thick 3.0cm of stem, planting percent 70%; Therefore the seedling management technology that becomes more meticulous of two-stage method cultivating large seedling helps concentrating manpower, financial resources, fertility; Reduce management cost; Realize precision management; Promote its vigorous growth, a large amount of high quality seedlings are provided, technical support and material guarantee are provided for improving sapling multiplication construction of base level for carrying out rare and endangered medicinal plant southern enqlish yew large-scale planting.

Two-stage method of the present invention is cultivated the seedling-cultivating method of southern enqlish yew seedlings, and scientific and technological information office has carried out at the update search center looking into newly in the Xiangfan City, Hubei Province in October, 2010; In institute's searching document; Domestic existing research to southern enqlish yew; " but adopt the seedling management technology that becomes more meticulous of two-stage method cultivating large seedling go forward side by side the plantation of professional etiquette modelling " document does not appear in the newspapers, and therefore has novelty.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is further described:

Instance: seedling management: cool canopy is set up in (1), sets up 1 meter high short canopy after coming up, and covers sunshade net and branch etc. above, and shade rate is about 50%.

(2) weeding, weeding will in time will remove little removing early, damage Chinese yew seedling when avoiding weeding.

(3) thinning, seedling treat that in not thinning in vegetative period seedling grows into after getting into resting stage at Seedlings nursery in end of the year, and it is rare to move close benefit, and all the seedling amount is not too big, uses 1% water-loss reducer to dip in root when transplanting seedlings.

(4) ridging fertilising is topdressed, and is main with nitrogen, phosphate fertilizer, and the rare night soil with 10% adds 0.2 kilogram of urea preparation and topdresses, and every mu of consumption is 1000 kilograms, and every separated first quarter moon is executed once; Winter, the railway carriage or compartment face was executed the fertilizer that once becomes thoroughly decomposed, ditch cleaning ridging again, and mu is executed decomposed dung 3000～4000kg.

Big seedling cultivation: transplant (1), and seedling culture was transplanted after 2 years, used 1% water-loss reducer to dip in root during transplanting, pressed the seeding row spacing of 20*30cm, every mu of 8000-10000 strain.

(2) intertill and clean tillage, except that summit of growth the phase, each month can carry out, degree of depth 15-20 centimetre.Carry out artificial weeding in conjunction with intertillage.

(3) pruning of pinching: because southern enqlish yew is to extract taxol with branches and leaves as raw material, therefore must be to the southern enqlish yew pruning of pinching.Grow to the tiny branches and leaves of pinching about 1.5 meters and cutting off lower trunk when Chinese yew.

(4) ridging fertilising: generally should prune afterwards at every turn or after intertill and clean tillage, in time impose nitrogenous fertilizer at latter stage or the early growth period of stopping, annual 2～4 times, execute ammonium sulfate 4～10kg for every mu at every turn, earth up in conjunction with topdressing.

(5) cultivate after 5 years, Chinese yew seedling plant height reaches 200cm, the thick 3.6cm of stem, and planting percent reaches 90%.

Claims (2)

1. two-stage method is cultivated the seedling-cultivating method of southern enqlish yew seedlings, it is characterized in that comprising the steps:

A, seedling management: build cool canopy after the southern enqlish yew seedling emerges rapidly, complete not thinning of phase treats that seedling grows into when getting into resting stage after at Seedlings nursery in end of the year, and it is rare to move close benefit, and winter, the railway carriage or compartment face was executed the fertilizer that once becomes thoroughly decomposed, and ditch cleaning is earthed up again;

B, big seedling cultivation: the southern enqlish yew seedling is transplanted after Seedlings nursery is cultivated 2 years, carries out the intensive plantation of tea place formula, intensive management.

2. cultivate the seedling-cultivating method of southern enqlish yew seedlings according to the described two-stage method of claim 1, it is characterized in that comprising the steps:

A, seedling management: build cool canopy after the southern enqlish yew seedling emerges rapidly, prevent the seedling of burning at high temperature, strong sunshine, weeding is wanted in time, damage Chinese yew seedling when avoiding weeding; Complete not thinning of phase treats that seedling grows into when getting into resting stage after at Seedlings nursery in end of the year, and it is rare to move close benefit, and equal seedling amount is not too big, uses 1% water-loss reducer to dip in root when transplanting seedlings; Winter, the railway carriage or compartment face was executed the fertilizer that once becomes thoroughly decomposed, ditch cleaning ridging again;

B, big seedling cultivation: the southern enqlish yew seedling is transplanted after Seedlings nursery is cultivated 2 years, uses 1% water-loss reducer to dip in root during transplanting; Press the seeding row spacing of 20*30cm, the high density of every mu of 8000-10000 strain is carried out the intensive plantation of tea place formula, intensive management; The tiny branches and leaves of pinching and cutting off lower trunk about growth of taxol to 1.5 meter.