CN1027614C - Ultrahigh production seed cultivating method for hybriel rice - Google Patents
Ultrahigh production seed cultivating method for hybriel rice Download PDFInfo
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- CN1027614C CN1027614C CN 92106819 CN92106819A CN1027614C CN 1027614 C CN1027614 C CN 1027614C CN 92106819 CN92106819 CN 92106819 CN 92106819 A CN92106819 A CN 92106819A CN 1027614 C CN1027614 C CN 1027614C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to ultrahigh production seed cultivating method for hybrid rice. On the basis of first period male parent seed cultivation, the present invention takes two significant scientific discoveries that the hybrid rice male parent flowering period has one or two pollen spreading peak periods every day, and the female parent stigma emergence rate has a high sensitive period and low sensitive period as starting points; then, the present invention takes the corresponding measures: changing the existing flowering period standards, eliminating the obstruction of hybridization in various modes, enhancing the stigma emergence rate of the female parent, correctly forecasting the pollen spreading peak period of the male parent and carrying out timely artificial overtaking pollen in unified command, and other matched and integrated agriculture measures; thus, the fundamental problems that 'the flowering period and the flowering time do not meet' and the seed cultivating yield is not high and stable are solved; the ultrahigh production records in the world that the outcrossing rate reaches 50 to 66.7%, and the average yield per mu of seed cultivation is over 300 kilograms.
Description
The present invention relates to the crop seeds production method, particularly the method for hybrid rice production of hybrid seeds super high-yielding.
China Three-line Hybrid paddy rice is the invention of great significance of attracting attention in the world, and outstanding contribution has been made in applying to the food problem in China people's the problem of food and clothing and the world of it.The seeding technique of certain hybrid rice, China also is in rank first always, but the hybrid seed yield of Three-line Hybrid rice also is in not high labile state always.To this, the whole world is all explored in research, though famous production of hybrid seeds expert Xu Shijue " super high-yielding seeding technique " arranged in recent years, promptly changing the male parent production of hybrid seeds of three phases is the production of hybrid seeds of first phase male parent, and take some comprehensive agronomic measures, having realized that production of hybrid seeds per mu yield reaches 200 kilograms re-set target, should this be with after Yuan Longping researcher's invention hybrid rice, at a quantum jump that solves on this difficult problem., also there is following subject matter in it: the one, fail to find the pollens scatteration law of male parent, and catch up with powder so tend to miss to some extent male parent loose powder peak period aborning; The 2nd, he fails to find maternal stigma appearing rule, thereby has ignored the decisive role of maternal stigma appearing pollination to volume increase; The 3rd, begin this same period florescence standard of fringe and maternal early one day beginning fringe of the father and mother that he proposed is inaccurate.Owing to there are the problems referred to above, so cause the paternal pollen waste serious, outcrossing rate fails to reach desirable effect, has so just limited high yield again.In addition, the patent situation of declaring again from present this respect, " Mechanicalized seeding method of hybrid rice " that cooperation inventions such as yellow lofty virtue of Danyang City, Jiangsu bureau of agriculture and Nanjing family property mechanization research institute of the Ministry of Agriculture are arranged, this invention is that attempt is also stored by mechanization collection pollen, and then carry out mechanization and pollinate, overcome hybrid rice seed production florescence blooming time overslip problem, to reach the purpose that improves hybrid seed yield.But the desired equipment of this technology is very tight, and simultaneously, mechanization collection and the technology of storing pollen also are difficult to use more difficult popularization on large tracts of land is produced for the moment.
The objective of the invention is and really to find out on this different friendship objective law basis of father and mother, take effective ways, make full use of the rate of being pollinated and the amount of being pollinated and outcrossing seed-setting rate that the pollen of male parent on the spot improves the maternal column cap of unit, break through As-Is, reach the purpose that increases substantially hybrid seed yield and further improve the application technology of the hybrid rice production of hybrid seeds.
The present invention is on first phase male parent production of hybrid seeds basis, drawing the hybrid rice male parent with research, sensitive periods two great scientific discoveries of one or two loose powder peak period and maternal stigma exposing ratio height are arranged every day in flowering stage is starting point, correspondingly takes: change existing florescence standard; In many ways get rid of different friendship obstacle; Improve maternal stigma exposing ratio; Accurately powder and other supporting comprehensive agronomic measures are manually caught up with in prediction male parent loose powder peak period and unified command in time, thereby solved so-called " florescence blooming time overslip " and the hybrid seed yield basic difficult problem of high shakiness not always, realized that outcrossing seed-setting rate reaches 50～66.7%, average yield per mu reaches the average super high-yielding of large tracts of land significantly production of hybrid seeds record more than 300 kilograms by about 150 kilograms.
Essential implementation of the present invention and method are as follows:
(1) adjusts the florescence standard: arrange the production of hybrid seeds to broadcast when poor,,, then make the leaf difference dwindle 0.3 leaf, will shorten 1～2 day the time difference if male parent is longer than maternal breeding time broadcasting on the poor basis of the first phase male parent production of hybrid seeds; If maternal breeding time is longer than male parent, then increase leaf and differ from 0.3 leaf, prolong 1～2 day time difference.
(2) the different friendship obstacle of many-sided eliminating:
(1) directional cultivation, controlling maternal sword-like leave length is 15 ± 2 centimetres.Measure is: 30～50 kilograms of sprayings of water are converted with 60～100 gram paclobutrazols in every mu of rice seedling bed when a, 1～2 leaf, promote low position tiller; B, to change that 5 leaves transplant be that 6～7 leaves are transplanted, protection low position tiller Cheng Sui; C, strict control 1～6 phase of ear differentiation applied nitrogen.
(2) strengthen the sword-like leave degree with " 920 ", form the bag neck and do not wrap grain, be pollinated situation and the male parent of openness angle of flag leaf 〉=90 degree are than maternal high 15～20 centimetres pollination situation, and method is: a, see that fringe 10～13% o'clock uses " 920 " for the first time, see that every one day fringe 60～70% uses for the second time; B, every mu of seed farm " 920 " consumption are increased to 16～18 grams by 7～12 grams; C, be no more than 25 kilograms with the each spray value of common sprayer; D, when for the second time spraying medicine to the many sprays of male parent one time.
(3) improve maternal stigma exposing ratio
Solid more than 75% of total ripening rate that accounts for of maternal stigma appearing pollination is the main composition part of hybrid seed yield.And stigma appearing is a proterties easily affected by environment, and whole growing all has certain influence to stigma exposing ratio.But having the greatest impact in behind the beginning fringe three days, secondly is 5～6 phases of ear differentiation and 6～8 phases, and three days is the sensitive periods of maternal stigma exposing ratio height behind the beginning fringe, and 5～6 phases of ear differentiation and 6～8 phases are time sensitive periods.Take comprehensively to induce way in inferior sensitive periods and sensitive periods, can improve stigma exposing ratio more than 10%, method is:
(1) ear differentiation is during 5～6 phases, and mu is executed 7.5～10 kilograms in potassium chloride, 2～3 kilograms in urea;
(2) spray for the first time " 920 " after, mu restrains boric acid with 90 and converts water and spray in female parent capable for 30 kilograms;
(3) high dose sprays " 920 ", and Shan major clique system mu consumption is not less than 16 grams, and prestige major clique system is not less than 18 grams;
(4) prevention " three sick two worms ", i.e. pestalotiopsis funerea, rice blast, banded sclerotial blight and rice leaf roller, rice fulgorid.
(5) ear differentiation meiosis stage and beginning fringe keep field one-inch deep water to catching up with powder to finish, and improve field microclimate.
(4) correct one's mistakes and bloom that to catch up with powder be that powder is manually caught up with in the unified command of high honeybee phase of loose powder in the peak period.
(1) standard of loose powder peak period and prediction.But the loose powder peak period is maximum period of male parent pollen flying, Forecasting Methodology is: select representative observation field, every day fixed point observation 10 fringes, put down in writing the number (with cutting clever method) of once blooming every 8～10 minutes, this moment is if average every fringe is opened Xiao Hua more than 5, promptly can be considered male parent and entered the peak period of blooming, the deducibility Best Times of catching up with powder is within after this 20～20 minutes thus.
(2) concentrate in flakes, powder is caught up with in special messenger commander, unification, makes overhead one the powerful pollen mist that forms of seed farm fringe layer, improves the cross-utilization rate of colony's pollen;
(3) catch up with powder in the loose powder peak period, to finish, catch up with every day the powder number of times should not be above 3 times.
(5) other supplementary measures
(1) be that unit unifies presoaking and germinating with the sheet, the sowing of budding paddy realizes large tracts of land seed production florescence unanimity.
(2) changing the maternal individual plant of inserting is that two strains and the slotting single, double strain of male parent are many strains.
(3) enlarge production of hybrid seeds row ratio, precocious combination father and mother one's own profession ratio is the big duplicate rows of 2: 14～16() or 1: 10～12(single file); In ripe bind lines than the big duplicate rows of 2: 16～18(), late ripely be combined as 2: 18～the big duplicate rows of 20().
(4) land for growing field crops heavy base fertilizer application (accounting for total fertilizing amount 70%), the suitable zinc fertilizer (mu is executed 1.5 kilograms) of executing, embodiment:
1991,109 mu of new car village, new car township, Dao County, the Hunan Province demonstration production of hybrid seeds, this executed this method comprehensively, its result, 338.5 kilograms of average yield per mus.Seeing following table for details puts down in writing:
Other several places result of implementation more than thousand mu, average yield per mu is all more than 300 kilograms.
Claims (4)
1, the method for breeding of hybrid rice super high-yielding, comprise the production of hybrid seeds of first phase male parent, determine this best of father and mother florescence, create the best be pollinated situation and pollination situation, improve to carry out in maternal stigma exposing ratio and flowering stage and manually catch up with powder etc., it is characterized in that: a, utilize male parent every day in flowering stage to occur the rule of the sensitive periods of one or two loose powder peak period and maternal stigma exposing ratio height, determine maternal than male parent Zao 2 days be best seed production florescence.B, change plant forms: directional cultivation, controlling maternal sword-like leave length is 15 ± 2 centimetres, strengthen openness angle of flag leaf with " GA " to make it to be 〉=90 ° be pollinated situation and male parent be than maternal high 15～20 centimetres pollination situation.C, improve maternal stigma exposing ratio: in three days, high dose sprays " GA " behind the beginning fringe, and spraying for the first time, " GA " back sprayed boric fertilizer and 5～6 phases of ear differentiation impose guarantor's fertilizers for potted flowers; Ear differentiation meiosis stage and beginning fringe are to catching up with powder to finish, and these two periods keep the field that water is arranged, d, accurately predict male parent loose powder peak period and in time tissue manually catch up with powder.E, other supplementary measures: carrying out with the sheet is that unit unifies presoaking and germinating, and the sowing of budding paddy realizes large tracts of land seed production florescence unanimity.
2, the method for hybrid rice production of hybrid seeds super high-yielding according to claim 1, it is characterized in that controlling maternal sword-like leave length is 15 ± 2 centimetres and increasing openness angle of flag leaf, technical measures are: directional cultivation, when 1～2 leaf, every mu of rice seedling bed is with 60～100 gram paclobutrazols, converts water and sprays for 30～50 kilograms and promote low position tiller; Changing the transplanting of 5 leaves is that 6～7 leaves are transplanted; Strict control 1～6 phase of ear differentiation applied nitrogen.Carry out cell division rapidly with lower epidermis meristematic cell on " GA " stimulation sword-like leave pulvinus, because last lower epidermis meristematic cell number differs greatly, the cell division result leads making epicuticle significantly greater than lower epidermis, under the action of gravity of blade own, sword-like leave is sagging automatically, form the situation of being pollinated that openness angle of flag leaf 〉=90 ° and bag neck do not wrap grain, simultaneously, during spray " GA " for the second time, to the many sprays of male parent one time, form male parent than maternal high 15～20 centimetres pollination situation.
3, the method for hybrid rice production of hybrid seeds super high-yielding according to claim 1, it is characterized in that improving maternal stigma exposing ratio, technical measures are: a, behind female parent beginning fringe in three days, high dose sprays " GA ", the mu consumption is not less than 16～18 grams, after spraying the first time " GA ", mu is converted water with 90 gram boric acid and is sprayed in female parent capable for 30 kilograms.B, 5～6 phases of ear differentiation, mu is executed 7.5～10 kilograms in potassium chloride, 2～3 kilograms in urea; Ear differentiation meiosis stage and beginning fringe keep field one-inch deep water to catching up with powder to finish this two periods, improve field microclimate.
4, according to the method for the described hybrid rice production of hybrid seeds of claim 1 super high-yielding, it is characterized in that predicting that the method for male parent loose powder peak period is to select representative observation field, every day fixed point observation 10 fringes, put down in writing the number of once blooming every 8～10 minutes, open Xiao Hua more than 5 when average every fringe, promptly can be considered and enter the peak period of blooming, within after this 20～25 minutes, being the loose powder peak period, also is to carry out the Best Times of manually catching up with powder.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 92106819 CN1027614C (en) | 1992-01-24 | 1992-01-24 | Ultrahigh production seed cultivating method for hybriel rice |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 92106819 CN1027614C (en) | 1992-01-24 | 1992-01-24 | Ultrahigh production seed cultivating method for hybriel rice |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN1074580A CN1074580A (en) | 1993-07-28 |
| CN1027614C true CN1027614C (en) | 1995-02-15 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN 92106819 Expired - Lifetime CN1027614C (en) | 1992-01-24 | 1992-01-24 | Ultrahigh production seed cultivating method for hybriel rice |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109691368A (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2019-04-30 | 西南科技大学 | A kind of method of crossbreeding rice |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1067513C (en) * | 1995-04-07 | 2001-06-27 | 周宗岳 | Bearing disfunction-removing method for hibrid rice |
| CN109089872A (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2018-12-28 | 武汉大学 | A kind of hybrid rice seed breeding process of same period live streaming parent |
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1992
- 1992-01-24 CN CN 92106819 patent/CN1027614C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109691368A (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2019-04-30 | 西南科技大学 | A kind of method of crossbreeding rice |
| CN109691368B (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2022-02-11 | 西南科技大学 | Method for breeding seeds of hybrid rice |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN1074580A (en) | 1993-07-28 |
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Free format text: CORRECT: PATENTEE; FROM: SEED CORP., LINGLING PREFECTURE, HUNAN PROV. TO: SEED COMPANY, YONGZHOU CITY, HUNAN PROVINCE Free format text: CORRECT: PATENTEE; FROM: SEED COMPANY, YONGZHOU CITY, HUNAN PROVINCE TO: HUANG PEIJIN |
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Address after: No. 282, Yuanda Road, Hunan, Changsha Patentee after: Huang Peijin Address before: No. 114 middle Lingling Road, Yongzhou Patentee before: Yongzhou Hunan seed Co. Address after: No. 114 middle Lingling Road, Yongzhou Patentee after: Yongzhou Hunan seed Co. Address before: No. 114 middle Lingling Road, Lengshuitan Town, Hunan Patentee before: Seed Co. of Lingling Prefecture Hunan Prov |
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Owner name: HAINAN PROV SHENNONG DAFENG SEEDS SCIENCE CO., LT Free format text: FORMER OWNER: HUANG PEIJIN Effective date: 20010911 |
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Effective date of registration: 20010911 Address after: 570125 Haikou city China World Trade Center waterway No. 18 de Pais building C block 21 layer Patentee after: Hainan Shennong Dafeng Seed Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 425100, No. 282, Yuanda Road, Hunan, Changsha Patentee before: Huang Peijin |
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| C15 | Extension of patent right duration from 15 to 20 years for appl. with date before 31.12.1992 and still valid on 11.12.2001 (patent law change 1993) | ||
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