CN102713248B - 包括离心脱开式离合器的飞轮模块 - Google Patents

包括离心脱开式离合器的飞轮模块 Download PDF

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CN102713248B
CN102713248B CN201080052535.3A CN201080052535A CN102713248B CN 102713248 B CN102713248 B CN 102713248B CN 201080052535 A CN201080052535 A CN 201080052535A CN 102713248 B CN102713248 B CN 102713248B
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flywheel
clutch
housing
flywheel module
module
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CN102713248A (zh
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勒尔·马里·范德鲁滕
亚历山大·弗朗西斯库斯·阿尼塔·塞拉恩斯
巴斯·赫拉德·弗勒门
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DTI Group BV
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H35/00—Gearings or mechanisms with other special functional features
    • F16H35/10—Arrangements or devices for absorbing overload or preventing damage by overload
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/08—Prime-movers comprising combustion engines and mechanical or fluid energy storing means
    • B60K6/10—Prime-movers comprising combustion engines and mechanical or fluid energy storing means by means of a chargeable mechanical accumulator, e.g. flywheel
    • B60K6/105—Prime-movers comprising combustion engines and mechanical or fluid energy storing means by means of a chargeable mechanical accumulator, e.g. flywheel the accumulator being a flywheel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K6/383—One-way clutches or freewheel devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00—Parts or details
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D67/00—Combinations of couplings and brakes; Combinations of clutches and brakes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D71/00—Mechanisms for bringing members to rest in a predetermined position
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
    • F16F15/10—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system
    • F16F15/12—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using elastic members or friction-damping members, e.g. between a rotating shaft and a gyratory mass mounted thereon
    • F16F15/131—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using elastic members or friction-damping members, e.g. between a rotating shaft and a gyratory mass mounted thereon the rotating system comprising two or more gyratory masses
    • F16F15/13128—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using elastic members or friction-damping members, e.g. between a rotating shaft and a gyratory mass mounted thereon the rotating system comprising two or more gyratory masses the damping action being at least partially controlled by centrifugal masses
    • F16F15/13135—Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system using elastic members or friction-damping members, e.g. between a rotating shaft and a gyratory mass mounted thereon the rotating system comprising two or more gyratory masses the damping action being at least partially controlled by centrifugal masses simple connection or disconnection of members at speed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
    • F16F15/30—Flywheels
    • F16F15/315—Flywheels characterised by their supporting arrangement, e.g. mountings, cages, securing inertia member to shaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H33/00—Gearings based on repeated accumulation and delivery of energy
    • F16H33/02—Rotary transmissions with mechanical accumulators, e.g. weights, springs, intermittently-connected flywheels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H45/00—Combinations of fluid gearings for conveying rotary motion with couplings or clutches
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2260/00—Operating Modes
    • B60L2260/10—Temporary overload
    • B60L2260/14—Temporary overload of transmissions
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/21—Elements
    • Y10T74/2117—Power generating-type flywheel

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • One-Way And Automatic Clutches, And Combinations Of Different Clutches (AREA)

Abstract

一种飞轮模块（1）具有带开口的封闭壳体（3）和由通过该开口向外延伸的输出轴（6）构成的输出部（5）。输出轴与开口的边界壁之间具有密封圈（7）。飞轮（9）容纳在壳体（3）中，该飞轮经由离合器（11）连接到变速箱（13）的第一齿轮，该变速箱的另一齿轮连接到离心脱开式离合器（15）的第一部分（15A），离心脱开式离合器的另一部分（15B）连接到输出轴（6）。这样就避免飞轮以过高的速度开始运行，从而保证飞轮模块的安全。

Description

包括离心脱开式离合器的飞轮模块
技术领域
本发明涉及一种包括能够连接到驱动线路的输出部和至少一个飞轮的飞轮模块。例如，输出部是固定飞轮的轴。
背景技术
这种类型的飞轮模块是普遍公知的。当应用这种飞轮模块时，出于安全的原因，应注意飞轮不能以过高速度开始旋转。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种开篇中所限定类型的飞轮模块，利用该飞轮模块能确保安全。为此目的，根据本发明的飞轮模块的特征在于，离心脱开式离合器位于输出部与飞轮之间，并在超过一定速度时打开。因此，避免飞轮被加速到超过最大速度，在该最大速度下极有可能导致飞轮损坏。
离心脱开式离合器优选包括两个离合器件，每个离合器件设有至少一个摩擦表面，这些摩擦表面配合工作，该离心脱开式离合器包括一壳体，该壳体与其中一个离合器件一起旋转而与另一离合器件脱开。
根据本发明的飞轮模块的一实施例的特征在于，飞轮模块包括容纳飞轮的壳体，其中固定飞轮的轴相对于壳体密封，并且该壳体中有负压。壳体中的负压优选不小于50毫巴。这减小了空气阻力损失，并且加速飞轮并使其维持在正确速度所需的能量更少。
为了在不需能量的情况下使加速的飞轮以尽可能最慢的方式减速，根据本发明的飞轮模块的另一实施例的特征在于，飞轮模块包括离合器，该离合器位于离心脱开式离合器与飞轮之间。离合器优选位于壳体中，使得当飞轮脱开时，密封处的摩擦损失对飞轮没有任何影响。
根据本发明的飞轮模块的又一实施例的特征在于，飞轮模块包括变速箱，该变速箱位于离心脱开式离合器与飞轮之间。因此，飞轮能够通过外部驱动源而加速到更高的速度。
该变速箱优选位于壳体内，使得其尽可能最少地受到空气阻力。此外，离心脱开式离合器也优选位于飞轮壳体内，以减小空气阻力。
本发明还涉及一种包括带输出轴的驱动源以及根据本发明的飞轮模块的驱动机构，其中该飞轮模块的输出部连接到驱动源的输出轴。驱动源例如由内燃机构成。
在输出部与驱动源之间优选存在另一变速箱和/或另一离合器。
附图说明
以下将参照根据本发明的并在附图示出的飞轮模块和驱动机构的实施例的示例，更详细地描述本发明，其中：
图1示意性示出了根据本发明的飞轮模块的一个实施例；
图2示意性示出了包括根据本发明的飞轮模块的第二实施例的驱动机构；
图3示出了离心脱开式离合器的第一实施例；以及
图4示出了离心脱开式离合器的第二实施例。
具体实施方式
图1示意性示出了根据本发明的飞轮模块的一个实施例。飞轮模块1具有封闭壳体3和输出部5，该封闭壳体3设有开口，该输出部5由穿过该开口向外延伸的输出轴6构成。输出轴与开口的边界壁之间具有密封圈7。在壳体3内具有飞轮9，该飞轮经由离合器11连接到变速箱13的第一齿轮，该变速箱13的另一齿轮连接到离心脱开式离合器的第一部分15A，该离心脱开式离合器15的另一部分15B连接到输出轴6。
图2示意性示出了包括根据本发明的飞轮模块的第二实施例的驱动机构17。驱动机构17包括驱动源19，该驱动源19经由另一离合器21连接到飞轮模块23，进而连接到变速箱25的输入轴。这个变速箱还包括连接到车辆的轮27的输出轴。
飞轮模块23具有飞轮29，该飞轮29经由离合器31连接到变速箱33，该变速箱33连接到离心脱开式离合器35。这个离心脱开式离合器连接到另一变速箱37，该变速箱37连接到输出部39。飞轮29位于封闭壳体41中，该壳体41具有开口，轴43延伸穿过该开口，飞轮29固定至该轴43。轴43与壳体41之间具有密封件45。壳体内具有负压。
图3示出了可用于图1和图2所示的飞轮模块的离心脱开式离合器的第一实施例。离心脱开式离合器47包括两个离合器（部）件47A、47B，每个离合器件均具有磨擦表面，当该脱开式离合器闭合时经由该磨擦表面传输转矩。离合器件47B位于飞轮的一侧，离合器件47A位于驱动线路（drive line，驱动系）的一侧。
离心脱开式离合器包括壳体49，壳体49由于具有枢转轴承50而与离合器件47A一起旋转并与另一离合器件47B脱开。脱开式离合器47借助由弹簧51、53施加于这些离合器件上的预拉力而闭合。
如果速度升高，则球55由于离心力而使离合器件47A与壳体49推向彼此。结果，弹簧53遇到位置边界57。因此，弹簧53不能够再对离合器件47B施加任何力，因此摩擦表面上的推力消失。现在离合器打开。
弹簧51、53被放置在壳体49中，带有微小的预张力。因此，当位置边界57的游隙（play）用尽时，作用于这些摩擦表面上的法向力难以改变。然而，如果游隙完全用尽，则该法向力陡然减小。
这种结构的优点是，从闭合的离合器转变到打开的离合器以及反过来都发生的非常突然，使得滑行时间非常短。这对离合器的磨损和加热有利，这种磨损和加热因而被降至最小。
图4示出了离心脱开式离合器59的第二实施例。这里，第一离合器件包括两个与第二离合器件59B摩擦接触的部件59A1、59A2。壳体61借助这些摩擦表面而与部件59A1、59A2一起旋转，并与离合器件59B脱开。部件59A1、59A2以及壳体61通过球63而被压在一起，球63由于离心力而被向外压。这就使得离心脱开式离合器在非常小的旋转窗内进行打开和闭合。这个旋转窗能够借助位置边界65中的游隙或离心力的大小来调整。这样，能够避免飞轮过加速，从而保证系统的安全性。
尽管以上已经参照附图描述了本发明，但是应指出，本发明无论如何不限于附图所示的实施例。在权利要求书所限定的精神和范围内，本发明还延展到由附图所示的实施例导出的任何实施例。

Claims (8)

1.一种飞轮模块，包括输出部和至少一个飞轮，所述飞轮模块能够连接到驱动机构，所述驱动机构包括驱动源、主变速箱、连接所述驱动源与所述主变速箱的驱动线路、以及在所述输出部与所述飞轮之间并在超过一定速度时打开的离心脱开式离合器，其特征在于，所述飞轮模块包括容纳所述飞轮的壳体，其中与所述飞轮连接的轴相对于所述壳体被密封并且所述壳体中具有负压，以及所述飞轮模块还包括位于所述离心脱开式离合器与所述飞轮之间并容纳在所述壳体中的辅助离合器。
2.如权利要求1所述的飞轮模块，其特征在于，所述离心脱开式离合器包括两个离合器件，每个离合器件均设有至少一个摩擦表面，所述摩擦表面配合工作，以及所述离心脱开式离合器包括与其中一个离合器件一起旋转而与另一离合器件分离的壳体。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的飞轮模块，其特征在于，所述飞轮模块包括位于所述离心脱开式离合器与所述飞轮之间的变速箱。
4.如权利要求3所述的飞轮模块，其特征在于，所述变速箱被容纳在所述壳体中。
5.如前述权利要求1或2所述的飞轮模块，其特征在于，所述离心脱开式离合器位于飞轮壳体中。
6.一种驱动机构，包括驱动源、主变速箱、连接所述驱动源与所述主变速箱的驱动线路、以及如前述权利要求1-5中任一项所述的飞轮模块，其中所述飞轮模块的输出部连接到所述驱动源或所述驱动线路。
7.如权利要求6所述的驱动机构，其特征在于，所述输出部与所述驱动源之间具有另一变速箱。
8.如权利要求6或7所述的驱动机构，其特征在于，所述输出部与所述驱动源之间具有另一离合器。
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