CN1027081C - 加酶和酶稳定物系的液体洗涤剂组合物 - Google Patents
加酶和酶稳定物系的液体洗涤剂组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1027081C CN1027081C CN90100769A CN90100769A CN1027081C CN 1027081 C CN1027081 C CN 1027081C CN 90100769 A CN90100769 A CN 90100769A CN 90100769 A CN90100769 A CN 90100769A CN 1027081 C CN1027081 C CN 1027081C
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- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
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Abstract
本发明公开了用于含有洗涤剂酶和过氧化物漂白剂的高pH值水成液体洗涤剂组合物的稳定物系,该洗涤剂组合物含有作为酶稳定物系的镁盐。
Description
本发明涉及的是一种用于洗涤剂酶的稳定物系,尤其涉及一种水成液体洗涤剂组合物中洗涤剂酶的稳定物系,该组合物的pH值至少为8.5,而且还含有一种过氧化漂白剂。
EP88-201009.3公开了一些含有过氧化漂白剂的水成液体洗涤剂组合物,该组合物用于限制溶液中有效氧的含量。该文献还披露了一些加酶组合物。但该专利文献未披露酶的稳定物系。到本专利申请提出时,EP88-201009.3还未公开。
EP28865公开了一种含有甲酸或甲酸盐以及钙离子的液体洗涤剂组合物中的酶的稳定物系。其所公开的组合物的pH值在6.5至8.5之间。
US-PS-4381247公开了一种干燥的、粉末状加酶漂白组合物,还公开了含有硫酸镁的稳定剂。
在US-PS-3676374,US-PS4443355和GB-A-2794826中都公开了加酶、以及含有镁盐的稳定剂的水成液体洗涤剂混合物。
本发明涉及的是pH值至少为8.5的水成液体洗涤剂组合物,它含有一种有机表面活性剂、过氧化合物以及洗涤剂酶,其特征在于它还含有10ppm到10,000ppm的镁离子,作为酶稳定物系。
较好的组合物还含有一定量的螯合剂。这类组合物含有较高含量的镁离子,其值为100ppm到10,000ppm。
按本发明所述的组合物,在室温下值pH值至少为8.5,较理想的至少为9.0,最好的至少为9.5。过氧化物较好的是过硼酸盐,最好为过硼酸盐四水合物。
较好的组合物含有水溶性有机溶剂,例如乙醇,这使得分散的过氧化物的溶解度减小,从而使液相中有效氧含量处于较低的浓度下,即控制在0.5%以下,最好小于0.1%。
合适的洗涤剂酶包括洗涤剂蛋白酶、洗涤剂淀粉酶、洗涤剂脂肪酶以及洗涤剂纤维素酶。其中较好的洗涤剂组合物含有洗涤剂蛋白酶,更好的是强碱性蛋白酶,其含量以8KNPU/g为基准从0.01%到5%,最好从0.05%到2.5%。
尽管液体洗涤剂组合物迅速盛行,但仍然不能完全与高质量的颗粒状洗涤剂的性能相比,这就是为什么加酶液体洗涤剂组合物已问世多年的一个原因。
众所周知,液体组合物中的洗涤剂酶易于失活,其机理包括酶的自动水解,即称之为“自溶”。
因此,推出了一些包括钙盐和镁盐在内的酶稳定物系,以减小这种自溶现象。可以注意到这些组合物的pH值都低于8.5,在这种条件下,在减小自溶方面,钙比镁的稳定效果要好得多。
为提高这些液体洗涤剂组合物的性能,当前切望采用还含有过氧化漂白剂的组合物。同样,众所周知,含有高pH值,即pH值高于8.5的组分的过氧化漂白剂,洗涤时具有更好的效果。
然而这些组分对洗涤剂酶非常重要,当组分的pH值增大时,自溶现象会成为更大的问题。已经发现,在这种pH值的条件下,在稳定洗涤剂酶方面,钙盐不再有效,甚至在贮存时,它们反而会影响酶的作用。
人们还惊奇地发现,在漂白剂含有高pH值组分中,当加入量在10ppm到10,000ppm范围时,镁离子构成酶的有效稳定物系。
任何可以提供游离(水溶性)镁离子的镁源物都可使用。为方便起见,较好的是硫酸镁,氯化镁,乙酸镁和甲酸镁,最好是乙酸镁和氯化镁。这些化合物可以加到上述组合物中。作为一种可选择的办法是在加进混合物中之前,先将镁源物与酶“予混合”,这一点在下文中还要介绍。还可以使予混合物蒸发或冻干,以得到固体颗粒。然后可以用硅油之类将这种颗粒涂覆。
上述液体洗涤剂组合物中都含有占液体洗涤剂组合物重量的5%到60%。最好是15%到40%的有机表面活性剂,该有机表面活性剂选自非离子表面活性剂、阴离子表面活性剂、阳离子表面活性剂、两性离子表面活性剂及其混合物。
合成阴离子表面活性剂可以用通式R1SO3M表示,其中R1代表碳氢化合物基团,它选自含有约8-24个碳原子的、直链或支链烷基基团以及含有约9-15个碳原子的烷基苯基。M是一种形成盐的阳离子,通常,这种阳离子选自含有钠、钾、铵基及其混合物的基团。
较好的合成阴离子表面活性剂是在烷基上含有9-15个碳原子的烷基苯磺酸的水溶性盐。另一种较好的合成阴离子表面活性剂是一种烷基硫酸盐或一种烷基聚乙氧基醚硫酸盐(alkyl polyethoxylate ether sulfate)的水溶性盐,其中烷基基团含有约8-24,最好是10-18个碳原子,还有约1-20,最好是1-12个乙氧基基团。其它适宜的阴离子表面活性剂在1979.10.7日授予Flesher等人专利权的美国专利4170565中已经公开。
非离子表面活性剂一般是在酸式碱性催化剂存在的情况下由具有一个活泼氢原子,如羟基、羧基或氨基的碳氢化合物与环氧乙烷进行缩合反应而生成的,它包括具有通式为RA(CH2CH2O)nH的化合物,其中,R代表疏水物部分,A代表带有活泼氢原子的基团,n代表环氧乙烷部分的平均数,R一般含有8-22个碳原子。它们也可以由1,2-环氧丙烷与一种较低分子量的化合物缩合而成。n通常在约2-24之间变化。
非离子化合物的疏水部分优选大约8-24,最好是12-20个碳原子的直链或支链脂肪族伯醇或仲醇。美国专利4111855更全面地公开了适用的非离子表面活性剂。非离子表面活性剂混合物也能满足要求。
适宜的阳离子表面活性剂包括用分子式R1R2R3R4N+表示的季胺化合物,其中R1,R2和R3为甲基基团,R4是C12-C15烷基基团,或者R1是乙基或羟乙基基团,R2和R3是甲基基团,R4是C12-C15烷基基团。
两性离子表面活性剂包括脂肪族季铵、磷鎓和有机四价硫化合物的衍生物,其中,脂肪族部分可以是直链或支链,其中一个脂肪族取代基含有大约8-24个碳原子,另一个取代基至少含有一个阴离子水增溶性基团。最佳的两性离子材料是分别在1975.12.9及1975.12.30授予Laughlin等人专利权的美国专利3925262和3929678中所公开的乙氧基化磺酸铵(ethoxylated ammonium sulfonates)和硫酸铵盐。
半极性非离子表面活性剂包括水溶性氧化胺,它含有8-28个碳原子的烷基或羟烷基部分,以及选自含烷基和羟烷基基团、并含有可任意结合成环状结构的1-3个碳原子的两部分。
适宜的合成阴离子表面活性剂盐是由一组磺酸盐和硫酸盐中选出的。在洗涤剂领域中,这类阴离子洗涤剂是众所周知的,而且已在市售的洗涤剂中得到了广泛应用。较好的合成阴离子水溶性磺酸盐或硫酸盐在其分子结构上具有一个含有大约8-22个碳原子的烷基。
这类较好的阴离子表面活性剂盐是:由从动物脂和椰油中衍生出的C8-C18脂肪族醇经硫酸化而得到的反应物;烷基上含有大约9-15个碳原子的烷基苯磺酸盐;磺酸钠烷基甘油醚(Sodium alkylgly-ceryl ether sulfonates);从动物脂和椰油中得出的脂肪族醇的硫酸酯;椰油脂族酸单酸甘油
脂硫酸盐(coconut fatty acid monoglyce-ride sulfates)和磺酸盐;以及在烷基链上有大约8-22个碳原子的石蜡硫酸盐的水溶性盐。在美国专利说明书US3332880中详细介绍的烯烃磺酸盐有机表面活性剂也可使用。用于阴离子合成磺酸盐和/或硫酸盐的中和阳离子是广泛用于洗涤剂领域中的常用阳离子,例如钠和钾。
此处最佳的阴离子合成表面活性剂化合物是烷基苯磺酸的水溶性盐,最好是在烷基上具有大约10-13个碳原子的烷基苯磺酸钠。
一种较好的非离子乙氧基化物是具有12-15个碳原子的脂肪醇与每摩尔脂肪醇中大约2-10、最好是3-7摩尔的环氧乙烷的缩合产物。适宜的乙氧基化物包括:C12-C15羰基合成醇和每摩尔乙醇有7摩尔环氧乙烷的缩合物;窄馏份的C14-C15羰基合成醇和每摩尔脂肪族醇(羰基合成醇)带7或9摩尔环氧乙烷的缩合物;窄馏份的C12-C13脂肪族醇(羰基合成醇)和每摩尔脂肪族醇带6.5摩尔环氧乙烷的缩合物;以及C10-C14椰子脂肪醇乙氧基化度(环氧乙烷摩尔数/脂肪醇摩尔数)在5-8范围内的缩合物。根据缩合反应工艺条件和烯烃原料的情况,虽然脂肪族羰基合成醇主要是直链,但也可以有一定程度的支化,特别是象甲基支链之类的短链。
市售的羰基合成醇中,支化度通常在15%-50%(重量百分比)范围内。
较好的非离子乙氧基化合物还可以是两个独立的、乙氧基化程度各异的乙氧基非离子表面活性剂混合物。例如,每摩尔的疏水部分含有3-7摩尔环氧乙烷的非离子乙氧基化物表面活性剂和每摩尔疏水部分具有8-14摩尔环氧乙烷的第二种乙氧基化物的混合物。一种较好的非离子乙氧基化物混合物含有较低的乙氧基化物和较高的乙氧基化物,其中较低的乙氧基化物是C12-C15羰基合成醇与具有高达50%(重量比)支链、每摩尔脂肪族羰基合成醇大约有3-7摩尔环氧乙烷的缩合物,而较高的乙氧基化物是C16-C19羰基合成醇与具有50%以上(重量比)支链、每摩尔支链羰基合成醇中约有8-14摩尔的环氧乙烷的缩合物。
在本发明的组合物中,适宜的漂白剂是固态的、水溶性助氧化的化合物。较好的化合物包括过硼酸盐、过硫酸盐、过二硫酸盐、过磷酸盐以及由过氧化氢与碳酸钠盐或尿素反应而生成的结晶过氧化水合物。较好的过氧化漂白剂是高硼酸钠一水合物、高硼酸钠四水合物及过碳酸钠。本发明的组合物中,过硼酸盐漂白剂可以为小颗粒状,如为0.1-20微米范围,这些颗粒在现场通过过硼酸盐结晶而形成。
在水/阴离子表面活性剂/洗涤剂增效助剂结合存在的情况下,术语“在现场结晶”与由大颗粒或由溶液形成过硼酸盐的工艺过程有关,因此这个术语包括含化学反应的过程,如用化学计算量的过氧化氢和偏硼酸钠或硼砂反应而生成高硼酸钠时的反应过程。它还包括含溶解和再结晶的过程,如高硼酸盐一水化物溶解,以及随后形成高硼酸盐四水合物时的反应过程。再结晶过程还可以通过使高硼酸盐一水化合物吸收结晶水而发生,通过此过程一水化合物无须经过溶解步骤就可直接再结晶成四水化合物。
本发明的一个实施例中,将过硼酸盐化合物,如高硼酸钠一水化物加入带有阴离子表面活性剂和洗涤剂增效助剂的水溶液中,搅动所生成的悬浮液,搅动过程中过硼酸盐化合物进行溶解/再结晶过程。由于存在阴离子表面活性剂和洗涤剂增效助剂,上述溶解/再结晶过程就产生出直径符合要求的颗粒。
由于一水化物对再结晶比较敏感,因此在本发明的此实施例中最好使用一水化物。除非另有说明,此处颗粒直径是加权平均直径。出于物理稳定性考虑,颗粒直径分布范围最好比较窄,也就是说直径大于10微米的颗粒最好少于10%(重量比)。
本发明的第二个实施例中,过硼酸盐化合物是在现场进行化学反应而生成的。例如,将偏硼酸钠加进含有阴离子表面活性剂和洗涤剂增效助剂的水溶液中,然后,在搅拌的同时加入按化学计算量的过氧化氢,搅拌需要一直进行到反应结束。
也可以用其它硼酸化合物,例如硼砂和硼酸,来代替偏硼酸盐。如果用硼砂作为硼化合物,要添加化学计算量的碱,如氢氧化钠,以确保硼砂转化为偏硼酸盐的反应过程。然后,该过程象上述过程那样,进行偏硼酸盐转化过程。正如现有技术中所熟知的,也可以用其它过氧化物(如过氧化钠)取代过氧化氢。
较好的液体洗涤剂组合物中,除水以外还含有水溶性有机溶剂,该溶剂减少了过硼酸盐在液相中的溶解度,因此增加了该组合物的化学稳定性。
无需将有机溶剂完全与水溶合,只要供给足够量的溶剂与该组合物中的水混合以影响过硼酸盐化合物在液相中的溶解度。
当然这种水溶性有机溶剂必须与过硼酸盐化合物使用时的pH值相适应,因此,具有连位羟基的多元醇(例如1,2-丙二醇和丙三醇)是不太理想的。
适宜的水溶性有机溶剂包括低脂肪族单醇,和二甘醇与低级单脂肪族单醇的醚。较好的溶剂为乙醇、异丙醇、1-甲氧基-2-丙醇、乙基二甘醇醚以及丁基二甘醇醚。
本发明所述的组合物还含有洗涤剂酶,适宜的酶包括洗涤剂蛋白酶,淀粉酶,脂肪酶,纤维素酶以及它们的混合物。较好的酶为强碱性蛋白酶,例如Maxacal(R)和Savinase(R)。正如在EP-A-0238216中所描述的,也可使用具有硅氧烷涂层的酶。
较好的组合物中还可选择地含有脂肪酸化合物作为增效助剂。然而脂肪酸的含量按重量计较理想的是少于5%,最好少于4%。较好的饱和脂肪酸含有10-16,最好为12-14个碳原子。较好的不饱和脂肪酸为油酸和棕榈油酸。
较好的组合物含有一种无机或有机增效助剂。无机增效助剂的例子包括碱性亚磷增效助剂,如:三聚磷酸钠、焦磷酸钠以及硅铝酸盐(沸石)。
有机增效助剂的例子以多无酸为代表,例如:柠檬酸、次氮基三乙酸以及酒石酸单琥珀酸酯与酒石酸丁二酸氢酯的混合物。此处所用的较好的增效助剂为柠檬酸和烷基(烯烃)取代琥珀酸化合物,其中,烷基(烯烃)含有10-16个碳原子。这组化合物的一个例子是十二碳烯基琥珀酸。包括聚丙烯酸酯、多羟基丙烯酸酯以及聚丙烯酸酯/聚马来酸酯共聚物在内的聚羧酸盐增效助剂均可使用。
在此组合物中可以含有一系列其它附加成分,这些成分通常以添加剂的量加入,通常约低于5%。类似的添加剂包括泡沫调节剂(sudsregulants、遮光剂、用来改善与搪瓷涂层表面有关的机器可混用性的添加剂、杀菌剂、色料、香料、增白剂等。
较好的液体组合物还含有0.05%-5%的螯合剂。
这些螯合剂包括聚胺基羧酸基,例如乙二胺四乙酸、二亚乙基三氨基五乙酸、乙二胺二丁二酸或它们的水溶性碱金属。其它添加剂包括有机磷酸,特别好的是乙二胺四亚甲基磷酸,六亚甲基二氨基四亚甲基磷酸、二亚乙基三氨基五亚甲基磷酸以及氨基三亚甲基磷酸。
如果将这些螯合剂加入组合物中,镁盐的含量应在100ppm到10,000ppm范围。
也可以有这些组合物中加入漂白稳定剂,例如抗坏血酸、吡啶二羧酸、锡酸钠以及8-羟基喹啉,其含量为0.01%-1%。
在各种不同的使用条件下,要有效地使用所要求保护的组合物还可以采用泡沫调节剂。虽然,所有常用的洗涤剂泡沫调节剂都可使用,在此,较好的是烷基化聚硅氧烷,例如二甲基聚硅氧烷,通常称为(聚)硅氧烷。硅氧烷的常用量不超过1.5%,最好为0.1%-1.0%。
由于遮光剂能形成均匀状态的浓缩液体洗涤剂组合物,因此还希望尽可能多地使用遮光剂。适宜的遮光剂包括聚苯乙烯-市场上熟知的、由MONSANTO化学公司生产的LYTRON621。通常这类遮光剂的用量为0.3%-1.5%。
本发明的液体洗涤剂组合物还可含有改善洗涤机的可混用性、尤其是对糖瓷涂层表面的可混用性的添加剂。
还希望加入0.1%-5%的公知抗再沉积剂和/或可混用性添加剂。这类添加剂包括羧甲基纤维素钠;羟基-C1-6-烷基纤维素;聚羧酸高聚物或共聚物成分,例如:聚马来酸;马来酸酐和甲基乙烯基醚以2∶1-1∶2的摩尔比进行反应生成的共聚物;一种烯基不饱和一元羧酸单体与一种烯基不饱和二羧酸单体进行反应所得到的共聚物,其中,烯基不饱和一元羧酸单体具有不超过5,最好为3或4个碳原子,例如异丁烯酸,而烯基不饱和二羧酸单体具有不超过6,最好为4个碳原子。据此,两种单体的摩尔比在1∶4-4∶1范围内,所述的共聚物在申请日为1982.5.17的欧洲专利申请书0066915中已有很详细的描述。
按照本发明所述的组合物,在室温下,其pH值至少为8.5,较好的至少为9.0,最好至少为
9.5。
下面的例子对本发明作了具体说明,并有助于理解本发明。
液体洗涤剂组合物是通过将表中各成分按一定比例混合而制备的。
下述配方的pH值在室温下为9.5-10.5的范围。
配料 组合物(重量%)
Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ Ⅴ Ⅵ Ⅶ Ⅷ
水 28.0 26.0 34.0 34.0 30.0 41.0 41.0 36.0
乙醇 13.0 13.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0
直链十二烷基苯磺酸 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 9.0
椰子基硫酸钠 1.0 1.0 1.0
1摩尔C13-C15羰基合成醇和7摩尔环氧乙烷的缩合产物 7.0 7.0 7.0
1摩尔C13-C15羰基合成醇和5摩尔环氧乙烷的缩合产物 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0
C12-C14(乙羟乙基)二甲基氯化铵 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5
十二碳烯基琥珀酸 12.5 10.0
十二碳烯基十四碳烯基琥珀酸 10.0 10.0
椰子脂肪酸 15.0
*TMS/TDS 12.5
三聚磷酸钠 15.0
沸石 15.0
柠檬酸 1.0 1.0 3.0 3.0 2.8 2.8 3.0 2.8
油酸 3.0 3.0
二亚乙基三胺1.5-亚戊基磷酸 0.7 0.7 0.7
六亚甲基二胺四(亚甲基磷酸) 0.6 0.6 0.7
过硼酸钠-水合物 14.5 14.0 14.5 15.0 14.5 14.5 14.5 14.5
蛋白酶8KNPU/g 0.5 0.5
蛋白酶16KNPU/g 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3
淀粉酶 0.2 0.2 0.2
甲酸钠 1.0 1.5 1.5 1.0
乙酸钠 2.5 2.5
己二酸 2.5
乙酸镁四水合物 1.7 1.7 1.7 0.1
氯化镁六水合物 1.7 3.4 0.1 0.7
氢氧化钠 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0
香料及微量成分 剩余部分
*单琥珀酸酒石酸盐与双琥珀酸酒石酸盐之比为80∶20的混合物
Claims (11)
1、一种pH值至少为8.5的水成液体洗涤剂组合物,含有有机表面活性剂、过氧化合物、洗涤剂酶,和选自低级脂肪族单醇和二甘醇与低级单脂肪族单醇的醚并使溶液中有效氧含量小于0.5%的水溶性溶剂,其特征在于还含有10ppm-10,000ppm的镁离子,作为酶稳定物系。
2、一种如权利要求1所述的水成液体洗涤剂组合物,其特征在于它含有100ppm-4000ppm的镁离子。
3、一种如权利要求1所述的水成液体洗涤剂组合物,其中,所述镁离子是包含在乙酸镁或氯化镁中的镁离子。
4、一种如权利要求1所述的水成液体洗涤剂组合物,其中,pH值至少为9.0。
5、一种如权利要求1所述的水成液体洗涤剂组合物,其中,pH值至少为9.5。
6、一种如权利要求1所述的水成液体洗涤剂组合物,其中,过氧化合物为过硼酸盐。
7、一种按权利要求1所述的水成液体洗涤剂组合物,其中,过氧化合物为过碳酸盐。
8、一种按权利要求5所述的水成液体洗涤剂组合物,其中水溶性溶剂选自乙醇、异丙醇,1-甲氧基-2-丙醇,二甘醇乙基醚,二甘醇丁基酶和其混合物,溶液中有效氧含量少于0.1%。
9、一种如上述任一项权利要求所述的水成液体洗涤剂组合物,其中,洗涤剂酶选自洗涤剂蛋白酶,洗涤剂淀粉酶,洗涤剂脂肪酶,洗涤剂纤维素酶及它们的混合物组。
10、一种如权利要求9的水成液体洗涤剂组合物,其中洗涤剂酶是强碱性蛋白酶。
11、一种如权利要求1所述的水成液体洗涤剂组合物,其特征在于它还含有一种螯合剂。
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GB8900496D0 (en) * | 1989-01-10 | 1989-03-08 | Procter & Gamble | Liquid detergent composition containing enzyme and enzyme stabilization system |
DE69029190T2 (de) * | 1989-11-30 | 1997-03-20 | Clorox Co | Stabiles wässeriges Oxidationswaschmittel |
WO1995006101A1 (en) * | 1993-08-26 | 1995-03-02 | Diversey Corporation | Stabilized enzyme solution and detergent prepared therefrom |
US5691295A (en) * | 1995-01-17 | 1997-11-25 | Cognis Gesellschaft Fuer Biotechnologie Mbh | Detergent compositions |
DE19515072A1 (de) * | 1995-04-28 | 1996-10-31 | Cognis Bio Umwelt | Cellulasehaltiges Waschmittel |
CN1048279C (zh) * | 1995-12-20 | 2000-01-12 | 北京洛娃新型化工材料技术开发有限公司 | 含氧漂白剂的皂粉及其制造方法 |
DE19605688A1 (de) * | 1996-02-16 | 1997-08-21 | Henkel Kgaa | Übergangsmetallkomplexe als Aktivatoren für Persauerstoffverbindungen |
DE50107849D1 (de) | 2000-07-28 | 2005-12-01 | Henkel Kgaa | Neues amylolytisches enzym aus bacillus sp. a 7-7 (dsm 12368) sowie wasch- und reinigungsmittel mit diesem neuen amylolytischen enzym |
US7888104B2 (en) | 2000-11-28 | 2011-02-15 | Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa | Cyclodextrin glucanotransferase (CGTase), obtained from<I>Bacillus agaradherens<λ>(DSM 9948) and detergents and cleaning agents containing said novel cyclodextrin glucanotransferase |
JP4567334B2 (ja) | 2001-10-22 | 2010-10-20 | ヘンケル・アクチェンゲゼルシャフト・ウント・コムパニー・コマンディットゲゼルシャフト・アウフ・アクチェン | 綿活性汚れ除去性ウレタン系ポリマー |
DE10153792A1 (de) | 2001-10-31 | 2003-05-22 | Henkel Kgaa | Neue Alkalische Protease-Varianten und Wasch- und Reinigungsmittel enthaltend diese neuen Alkalischen Protease-Varianten |
DE10162728A1 (de) | 2001-12-20 | 2003-07-10 | Henkel Kgaa | Neue Alkalische Protease aus Bacillus gibsonii (DSM 14393) und Wasch-und Reinigungsmittel enthaltend diese neue Alkalische Protease |
DE10162727A1 (de) | 2001-12-20 | 2003-07-10 | Henkel Kgaa | Neue Alkalische Protease aus Bacillus gibsonii (DSM 14391) und Wasch-und Reinigungsmittel enthaltend diese neue Alkalische Protease |
DE10163884A1 (de) | 2001-12-22 | 2003-07-10 | Henkel Kgaa | Neue Alkalische Protease aus Bacillus sp. (DSM 14392) und Wasch- und Reinigungsmittel enthaltend diese neue Alkalische Protease |
DE10257387A1 (de) | 2002-12-06 | 2004-06-24 | Henkel Kgaa | Mehrkomponenten-Flüssigwaschmittel |
US7491362B1 (en) * | 2008-01-28 | 2009-02-17 | Ecolab Inc. | Multiple enzyme cleaner for surgical instruments and endoscopes |
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CA2007380C (en) | 1997-03-04 |
JP2749415B2 (ja) | 1998-05-13 |
TR25129A (tr) | 1992-11-01 |
EP0378262A2 (en) | 1990-07-18 |
BR9001411A (pt) | 1991-04-09 |
KR900011887A (ko) | 1990-08-02 |
AU4786790A (en) | 1990-07-19 |
AU640358B2 (en) | 1993-08-26 |
EP0378262A3 (en) | 1991-04-03 |
IE63227B1 (en) | 1995-04-05 |
GB8900525D0 (en) | 1989-03-08 |
IN179094B (zh) | 1997-08-23 |
MY105187A (en) | 1994-08-30 |
DE69004809D1 (de) | 1994-01-13 |
IE900096L (en) | 1990-07-10 |
DE69004809T2 (de) | 1994-06-30 |
MX172150B (es) | 1993-12-06 |
CA2007380A1 (en) | 1990-07-10 |
ATE97949T1 (de) | 1993-12-15 |
KR970003069B1 (ko) | 1997-03-14 |
EP0378262B1 (en) | 1993-12-01 |
CN1044121A (zh) | 1990-07-25 |
DK0378262T3 (da) | 1994-02-07 |
JPH03197597A (ja) | 1991-08-28 |
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