CN102657060B - Transplantation and cultivation method for tissue-culture bottle seedlings of betula alnoides - Google Patents
Transplantation and cultivation method for tissue-culture bottle seedlings of betula alnoides Download PDFInfo
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- CN102657060B CN102657060B CN2012101506882A CN201210150688A CN102657060B CN 102657060 B CN102657060 B CN 102657060B CN 2012101506882 A CN2012101506882 A CN 2012101506882A CN 201210150688 A CN201210150688 A CN 201210150688A CN 102657060 B CN102657060 B CN 102657060B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a transplantation and cultivation method for tissue-culture bottle seedlings of betula alnoides. The transplantation and cultivation method comprises the steps of: exercising the tissue-culture bottle seedlings of the betula alnoides, preparing substrates, processing the substrates before transplantation, transplanting, and cultivating the seedlings of the betula alnoides in greenhouse seedling nurseries, wherein a seedling container is made of degradable non-woven fabrics, the transmittance of a shading net ranges from 40% to 50%, the seedling container is arranged in a seedling disc, holes are formed in the bottom surface of the seedling disc, the distance from the seedling disc to the ground is more than 15cm, the temperature is controlled between 20 to 26 DEG C, the relative air humidity ranges from 75% to 90%, the water content of the substrate ranges from 60% to 70%, and multiple-chromobacterium-prodigiosum wettable powder can be used for atomizing; after nursery-grown plants survive for 28 to 32 days, the transmittance of the shading net is controlled to 60% to 70%, and the relative air humidity is controlled to 60% to 70%; and after the nursery-grown plants survive for 50 to 60 days, the shading net is uncovered. According to the method disclosed by the invention, the bottle seedlings only need to be cultivated for 90 to 100 days to obtain finished seedlings, the survival rate is more than 91%, and the survival rate of the seedlings is improved by 1.94 times compared with that in the prior art.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to achievements in forest-tree seedling and cultivate technical field, be specifically related to the breeding method of Birch finished product seedling.
Background technology
Birch (
Betula alnoides) Betulaceae, Betula, belong to the fast-growing deciduous species, China mainly is distributed in western part, the northwestward, the west and south and southern areas, Guizhou Province and Vietnam, Laos and the Burma of hot-zone, Yunnan Province, Guangxi province, Birch since its timber be difficult for warping and fracturing, not yielding, decorative pattern and color and luster are attractive in appearance to have extensive use at traditional top-grade furniture, timber floor, house decorative material, building, military project, musical instrument, plywood etc.Hot-zone, Yunnan Province area accounts for 1/4th of the whole province's area, and Birch becomes the fast-growing deciduous species of hot-zone, Yunnan Province preciousness, also is Major Tree Species Planted.
Developing Clonal Forestry is a kind of advanced method that the pierre technology such as the group training, grafting, cuttage by defect individual is cultivated the afforestation that good Clonal seedling uses, it have the purpose product yield high, manage the advantage that intensity is high, operating cycle is short, product quality is neat and good in economic efficiency.Recent two decades comes, Developing Clonal Forestry becomes the in the world common the most popular brainstorm subject of forestry of most of developed countries and many developing countries, at present, the technology such as Birch asexual propagation, seed selection are day by day ripe, but also there are some problems in the transplant of the tissue-culture container seedling that matches with Birch pierre technology.From the Birch tissue-culture container seedling to the finished product seedling that becomes the afforestation of to go up a hill, now many employing polythene bagged plants, whole seedling raising process is not had meticulous administrative skill measure, cause Betula alnoides seedlings stem rot, root-rot etc. because of water stain easily, so that it is very low to cultivate into the survival rate of finished product seedling.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to overcome the low shortcoming of existing Birch tissue-culture container seedling transplant survival rate and not
Foot its objective is the transplant method that the high Birch tissue-culture container seedling of a kind of cultivating survival rate is provided.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of transplant method of Birch tissue-culture container seedling, carry out according to the following steps:
(1) hardening of Birch tissue-culture container seedling
When treating that the Birch tissue-culture container seedling grows to 2～3 merogenesis, the Birch tissue culture bottle taken out of from culturing room to place temperature be under 20～27 ℃ the natural daylight 10-15 days;
(2) preparation of seedling medium
Select peat and red heart soil to be raw material preparation seedling medium, red heart soil is apart from the laterite below the 50cm of laterite surface; Volume ratio by peat and red heart soil is: peat is 60-70%, and red heart soil namely is made into described seedling medium for the ratio of 30-40% with native mixing of peat and red heart;
(3) selection of container for plant growth
The selection diameter is 6～8cm, and height is the degradable container for plant growth made of nonwoven material of 11～13cm;
(4) processing of matrix before the transplanting
With the matrix of step (2) the preparation described container for plant growth of step (3) of packing into, water permeable after, second day is made into 1000～1500 times of liquid with 50% carbendazol wettable powder and waters and drench the interior matrix of container for plant growth;
(5) transplant
The described Birch tissue-culture container seedling of step (1) is taken out from bottle, is 2～3cm with root pruning, and 800～1000 times of liquid putting into again 50% carbendazol wettable powder dip in the matrix that is planted in the described container for plant growth of step (4) behind the root;
(6) cultivation of Betula alnoides seedlings in the booth nursery
1. take light transmittance at top, booth nursery and be 40%～50% shading screen, the container for plant growth of step (5) having been planted Birch group training seedling is placed in the seedling-cultivating tray, the bottom surface of seedling-cultivating tray arranges porose, the aperture is less than the diameter of this container for plant growth, seedling-cultivating tray is placed in the booth nursery, with the yoke plate rail height of will growing seedlings, make the bottom surface of seedling-cultivating tray apart from more than the ground 15cm in the booth nursery;
2. canopy temperature is controlled at 20～26 ℃, spraying is watered to Betula alnoides seedlings, the control relative air humidity is 75%～90%, the mass water content of matrix is 60%～70%, transplant in rear 7 days every day with 1000～1500 times of liquid sprayings of more than 50% clever bacterium wetting powders or water and drench Betula alnoides seedlings 1 time, later on every 3～7 days with the spraying of 1000～1500 times of liquid of more than 50% clever bacterium wetting powders or water and drench Betula alnoides seedlings 1 time, survive rear 28 days～32 days until Betula alnoides seedlings, the light transmittance of control shading screen is 60%～70%, and the control relative air humidity is 60～70%; Survive rear 50-60 days until Betula alnoides seedlings, throw off shading screen fully;
(7) outplanting
Height of seedling reaches 20～25cm can go out the garden.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, the inventive method is according to the physiological development characteristic of Birch seeds, adopt Birch group training seedling to carry out the cultivation of finished product seedling, the substrate preparation that in the cultivating process of Birch finished product seedling, suits, sterilization, illumination, air humidity, the aggregate measures such as water management can be cultivated into height of seedling with Birch group training seedling at 90-110 days that lack and can be reached about 20cm, the taper seedling hat that forms multi-branched is the finished product seedling that can go out the garden, can directly afforest, from Birch group training seedling to the survival rate of cultivating into the finished product seedling that can be directly used in afforestation more than 91%, growing-seedling period than existing polythene bagged plant has shortened 10～15 days, and survival rate has improved 194%.
2, the Birch finished product seedling seedling root that adopts the inventive method to breed is complete, and balance stretches, and is conducive to form main root and avoids twining root, helps to form sturdy, a large amount of root systems.
3, adopt the inventive method to transplant Birch group training seedling, can effectively reduce the generation of soil-borne disease, the generation of stem rot, root-rot significantly is lower than existing polythene bagged plant.
Embodiment
Below among each embodiment the materials such as used degradable container for plant growth made of nonwoven material, 50% carbendazol wettable powder, Birch group training seedling all can buy in market.The time of the Birch group being trained the seedling transplant, cultivation in 3 months in advance got final product according to local Afforestation Time in rainy season.Among the embodiment without the conventional method that is that specifies.
Implement the place: the Puer City, Yunnan Province
Embodiment 1 the inventive method embodiment
Carry out according to the following steps (3 repetitions):
(1) hardening of Birch tissue-culture container seedling
When treating that the Birch tissue-culture container seedling grows to 2～3 merogenesis, Birch group training seedling bottle taken out of from culturing room to place temperature be 20 ℃～23 ℃ lower 10 days of natural daylight;
(2) preparation of seedling medium
Select peat and red heart soil to be raw material preparation seedling medium, described red heart soil is apart from the laterite below the 50cm of laterite surface; Volume ratio by peat and red heart soil is: peat is 60%, and to be 40% ratio with peat and red heart soil be mixed red heart soil namely is made into described seedling medium;
(3) selection of container for plant growth
The selection diameter is 6cm, and height is the degradable container for plant growth made of nonwoven material of 11cm;
(4) processing of matrix before the transplanting
With the matrix of step (2) the preparation described container for plant growth of step (3) of packing into, water permeable after, second day is made into 1000 times of liquid with 50% carbendazol wettable powder and waters and drench the interior matrix of container for plant growth;
(5) transplant
The described Birch tissue-culture container seedling through hardening of step (1) is taken out from bottle, is 2～3cm with root pruning, and 800 times of liquid putting into again 50% carbendazol wettable powder dip in the matrix that is planted in the described container for plant growth of step (4) behind the root;
(6) cultivation of Birch seedling in the booth nursery
1. take light transmittance at top, booth nursery and be 40% shading screen, place seedling culture frame in the booth nursery
,The container for plant growth of step (5) having been planted Birch group training seedling is placed in the seedling-cultivating tray, the bottom surface of described seedling-cultivating tray arranges porose, the aperture is less than the diameter of this container for plant growth, seedling-cultivating tray is placed in the booth nursery, with the yoke plate rail height of will growing seedlings, the outer bottom that makes seedling-cultivating tray except with the yoke contact portion, remaining outer bottom part of seedling-cultivating tray is only and contact with air; The bottom surface of seedling-cultivating tray is apart from more than the ground 15cm in the booth nursery;
2. canopy temperature is controlled at 20～23 ℃, spraying is watered to Betula alnoides seedlings, the control relative air humidity remains on 75%～80%, the mass water content of matrix is 60%, transplant in rear 7 days every day with 1000 times of liquid sprayings of more than 50% clever bacterium wetting powders Betula alnoides seedlings 1 time, later on every 3 days with 1000 times of liquid of more than 50% clever bacterium wetting powders spraying Betula alnoides seedlings 1 time, survive rear 28 days until Betula alnoides seedlings, throw off the part shading screen, the light transmittance of control shading screen is 60%, and the control relative air humidity is 60%～65%; Survive rear 50 days until Betula alnoides seedlings, throw off shading screen fully;
(7) outplanting
Height of seedling reaches 20～25cm, and the taper seedling hat that forms multi-branched can go out the garden becomes the finished product seedling, Betula alnoides seedlings is connected whole degradable container for plant growth made of nonwoven material directly be planted in field planting.
Present embodiment sees table 1 from the Birch tissue-culture container seedling for details to the transplant survival rate of cultivating into the finished product seedling.
Embodiment 2
Embodiment 2 is except following measure difference, and all the other measures are identical with embodiment 1, no longer repeat.
(1) hardening of Birch tissue-culture container seedling
Birch group training seedling bottle taken out of from culturing room to place temperature be 25～27 ℃ lower 15 days of natural daylight;
(2) preparation of seedling medium
Volume ratio by peat and red heart soil is: peat is 70%, and to be 30% ratio with peat and red heart soil be mixed red heart soil namely is made into described seedling medium;
(3) selection of container for plant growth
The selection diameter is 8cm, and height is the degradable container for plant growth made of nonwoven material of 13cm;
(4) processing of matrix before the transplanting
Second day is made into 1500 times of liquid with 50% carbendazol wettable powder and waters the matrix of drenching in the container for plant growth;
(5) transplant
50% carbendazol wettable powder that Birch group training seedling dips in root is 1000 times of liquid;
(6) cultivation of Betula alnoides seedlings in the booth nursery
1. take light transmittance at top, booth nursery and be 50% shading screen;
2. canopy temperature is controlled at 24～26 ℃, spraying is watered to Betula alnoides seedlings, the control relative air humidity remains on 80～90%, the mass water content of matrix is 70%, transplant in rear 7 days to water with 1500 times of liquid of more than 50% clever bacterium wetting powders every day and drench Betula alnoides seedlings 1 time, watered the pouring Betula alnoides seedlings 1 time every 7 days with 1500 times of liquid of more than 50% clever bacterium wetting powders later on, behind Survival rate of nursery stock 32 days, the light transmittance of control shading screen is 70%, and the control relative air humidity is 65%～70%; Behind Survival rate of nursery stock 60 days, throw off shading screen fully;
Present embodiment sees table 1 from Birch group training seedling for details to the transplant survival rate of cultivating into the finished product seedling.
Contrast (CK) is to adopt conventional seedbed system, in little shed, and 100% forest top soil of packing in educating with polythene bagged plant, plastic sack, manually water 1 times/day, one deck light transmittance are 55% shading screen, survive rear about 40 days, the removal shading screen.
The transplant survival rate application form of finished product seedling is bred in table 1 embodiment 1-embodiment 2 and contrast
Claims (1)
1. the transplant method of a Birch tissue-culture container seedling, carry out according to the following steps:
(1) hardening of Birch tissue-culture container seedling
When treating that the Birch tissue-culture container seedling grows to 2～3 merogenesis, the Birch tissue culture bottle taken out of from culturing room to place temperature be under 20～27 ℃ the natural daylight 10-15 days;
(2) preparation of seedling medium
Select peat and red heart soil to be raw material preparation seedling medium, red heart soil is apart from the laterite below the 50cm of laterite surface; Volume ratio by peat and red heart soil is: peat is 60-70%, and red heart soil namely is made into described seedling medium for the ratio of 30-40% with native mixing of peat and red heart;
(3) selection of container for plant growth
The selection diameter is 6～8cm, and height is the degradable container for plant growth made of nonwoven material of 11～13cm;
(4) processing of matrix before the transplanting
With the matrix of step (2) the preparation described container for plant growth of step (3) of packing into, water permeable after, second day is made into 1000～1500 times of liquid with 50% carbendazol wettable powder and waters and drench the interior matrix of container for plant growth;
(5) transplant
The described Birch tissue-culture container seedling of step (1) is taken out from bottle, is 2～3cm with root pruning, and 800～1000 times of liquid putting into again 50% carbendazol wettable powder dip in the matrix that is planted in the described container for plant growth of step (4) behind the root;
(6) cultivation of Betula alnoides seedlings in the booth nursery
1. taking light transmittance at booth nursery inner top is 40%～50% shading screen, the described container for plant growth of step (5) is placed in the seedling-cultivating tray, the bottom surface of described seedling-cultivating tray arranges porose, the aperture is less than the diameter of this container for plant growth, seedling-cultivating tray is placed in the booth nursery, with the yoke plate rail height of will growing seedlings, make the seedling-cultivating tray bottom surface apart from more than the 15cm of ground;
2. canopy temperature is controlled at 20～26 ℃, spraying is watered to Betula alnoides seedlings, the control relative air humidity is 75%～90%, the mass water content of matrix is 60%～70%, transplant in rear 7 days every day with 1000～1500 times of liquid sprayings of more than 50% clever bacterium wetting powders or water and drench Betula alnoides seedlings 1 time, later on every 3～7 days with the spraying of 1000～1500 times of liquid of more than 50% clever bacterium wetting powders or water and drench Betula alnoides seedlings 1 time, survive rear 28 days～32 days until Betula alnoides seedlings, the light transmittance of control shading screen is 60%～70%, and the control relative air humidity is 60～70%; Survive rear 50～60 days until Betula alnoides seedlings, throw off shading screen fully;
(7) outplanting
When reaching 20～25cm, height of seedling goes out the garden.
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| CN102934572B (en) * | 2012-10-11 | 2014-04-23 | 中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所 | Method for cultivating seedlings of betula alnoides in shallow water |
| CN103039240B (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2014-11-05 | 重庆新开源农业开发有限公司 | Seeding and seedling raising method for waterbirch in Three Gorges Reservoir region |
| CN104012367B (en) * | 2014-06-23 | 2016-03-30 | 云南省林业技术推广总站 | A kind of method of forestation of Birch clonal tissue culture seedling |
| CN104641918A (en) * | 2015-03-16 | 2015-05-27 | 黄振忠 | Seedling growing method for betula alnoides |
| CN105532398B (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2018-07-27 | 四川农业大学 | A kind of hosta tissue culture seedling Light media degradable nonwoven fabrics outside sprout-cultivating-bottle seedling method |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101796922A (en) * | 2009-02-11 | 2010-08-11 | 中国林业科学研究院热带林业实验中心 | Betula alnoides leaf bud tissue culture rapid propagation technique |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101796922A (en) * | 2009-02-11 | 2010-08-11 | 中国林业科学研究院热带林业实验中心 | Betula alnoides leaf bud tissue culture rapid propagation technique |
Non-Patent Citations (6)
| Title |
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| 吴幸连.西南桦组培苗的移植试验研究.《林业资源管理》.2008,(第6期), |
| 汪长水.西南桦优选株系组培快繁技术研究.《林业勘察设计》.2009,(第1期), |
| 西南桦优选株系组培快繁技术研究;汪长水;《林业勘察设计》;20091231(第1期);第69-73页 * |
| 西南桦容器苗培育技术;黎明;《林业实用技术》;20031231(第12期);第22-23页 * |
| 西南桦组培苗的移植试验研究;吴幸连;《林业资源管理》;20081231(第6期);第59-61，74页 * |
| 黎明.西南桦容器苗培育技术.《林业实用技术》.2003,(第12期), |
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