CN102657016A - Mixed-sowing method of forage grass in high altitude area of Three Gorges reservoir area - Google Patents
Mixed-sowing method of forage grass in high altitude area of Three Gorges reservoir area Download PDFInfo
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- CN102657016A CN102657016A CN2012101643095A CN201210164309A CN102657016A CN 102657016 A CN102657016 A CN 102657016A CN 2012101643095 A CN2012101643095 A CN 2012101643095A CN 201210164309 A CN201210164309 A CN 201210164309A CN 102657016 A CN102657016 A CN 102657016A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a mixed-sowing method of forage grass in a high altitude area of the Three Gorges reservoir area, comprising soil preparation before sowing, mixed sowing and fertilizer application, wherein the mixed sowing means mixed sowing of orchard grass seeds, trifolium repens seeds and alfalfa seeds, and specifically comprises the following steps of: performing row-spaced drilling on the orchard grass seeds and the alfalfa seeds, with row spacing of 0.3m; and uniformly sowing the trifolium repens seeds among the rows of the orchard grass seeds and the alfalfa seeds, wherein the dosage ratio of the orchard grass seeds to the trifolium repens seeds to the alfalfa seeds is 1: (1 to 1.6): (1 to 1.6), in parts by weight. The leguminous forage grass and gramineous forage grass selected for the mixed-sowing of forage grass disclosed by the invention are featured with heat resistance, drought resistance and leanness resistance, and are mixed-sowed with each other, thus adequately utilizing light energy and increasing photosynthates; additionally, the leguminous forage grass has a high protein content and the rhizobia of the leguminous forage grass has a function of nitrogen fixation, thus remarkably increasing the yield of the forage grass, and improving the quality of the forage grass and soil fertility, so that the advantages of the leguminous forage grass are very prominent. The method disclosed by the invention is simple and convenient, and simple in operation; and the artificial pasture established by the method has the characteristics of heat resistance, drought resistance and leanness resistance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of forage seeding method of planting sown pasture, particularly a kind of forage seeding method that is applicable to the high altitude localities, subtropics.
Background technology
At present, the sown pasture grazing hybrid sowing method all has relevant report at home and abroad, and method is a lot.But different because of the ecotope of building the mixed seeding meadow separately, show mixed seeding grass seeds ratio and the meadow volume variance is bigger.For example: it is " English ryegrass+Bai Sanye " that New Zealand adopts hybrid sowing method usually; With this method be used under high temperature wet environment condition the planting sown pasture will show that two kinds of grass are got over the summer difficulty, persistence descends and yield poorly, problem such as poor quality; Particularly under geographical environments such as reservoir area of Three Gorges, use this hybrid sowing method; About 3500 kilograms of the general per mu yields of the bright careless output on meadow, the grassland utilization time limit is 1～2 year, the similar problem that shows is especially outstanding.Therefore, select heat-resisting, drought-enduring, impoverishment tolerant grass seeds and reasonable tame grass mixture portfolio ratio, the suitable hybrid sowing method particular importance that just seems thereof.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the grazing hybrid sowing method of high altitude localities, a kind of reservoir area of Three Gorges, adopt sown pasture quality better, the output height of this hybrid sowing method institute planting.
The objective of the invention is to realize through following technical measures:
The grazing hybrid sowing method of high altitude localities, a kind of reservoir area of Three Gorges; It comprises broadcasts preplanting treatment, mixed seeding and topdresses; It is characterized in that: said mixed seeding is to adopt orchardgrass, Bai Sanye and alfalfa seed mixed seeding, specifically is to be 0.3m with row drilling, line-spacing between orchardgrass and alfalfa seed, and the Bai Sanye seed is in the uniform broadcasting in the ranks of orchardgrass, alfalfa seed; The consumption of said orchardgrass, Bai Sanye and alfalfa seed is 1: 1～1.6: 1～1.6, in weight part ratio.
High altitude localities, indication of the present invention reservoir area of Three Gorges specifically is that the subtropical zone height above sea level is 800～1500 meters a weather, and its cultivating soil type is a brown paddy soil; Soil property is a sandy loam; Soil nutrient status is: 0～20cm soil layer quality of organic matter percentage composition is 9.11%～10.02%, ammonium nitrogen 0.08g/kg～0.18g/kg, available phosphorus 0.253g/kg～0.531g/kg; Available potassium 0.021g/kg～0.062g/kg, pH are 5～7.
Seed of cocksfoot of the present invention, alfalfa seed and white three leaf seeds are vegetation well known in the art; Orchardgrass (having another name called halymenia dentata, orchard grass, Dactylis glomerata L.) is a perennial herb, dredges the clump type.The system of fibrous root is clouded in 10～30 centimetres the soil layer, and dark reaches more than 1 meter.Stalk is upright or the base portion knee is bent, high 70～120 centimetres (reaching more than 150 centimetres of cultivation).Leaf does not have hair slightly, and closure reaches more than the middle part usually, top tool ridge; Long 4～8 millimeters of the tip of a leaf, shape is torn on the top; Long 20～30 (45) centimetres of blade, wide 7～10 (12) millimeters.Panicle is carried out, long 5～20 (30) centimetres; The small ear poly combines in the top of branch, contains 2～5 flowers usually; The grain husk lanceolar, tip is point gradually, and long 4～5 (6.5) millimeters, tool 1～3 arteries and veins; First lemma and small ear are isometric, and the top tool is about 1 millimeter short awns.Caryopsis is long avette, yellowish-brown.Alfalfa (formal name used at school Medicago sativa L) is perennial leguminous forage, also is the whole nation and even plants maximum herbage varieties in the world.Owing to strong, the advantages such as output is high, quality better of its adaptability, have the laudatory title of " king of herbage ".The life-span of clover generally is 5-10, annual rainfall 250-800 millimeter, frost-free season the area more than 100 days all can plant.The happiness neutral soil.PH value 6-7.5 is advisable, and 6.7-7.0 is best.Become plant height to reach 1-1.5 rice.Bai Sanye (formal name used at school: Trifolium repens has another name called white clover), perennial herb; Stem is crawled, and does not have hair, the long 30-60 of stem centimetre.Palmately compound leaf has 3 leaflets, leaflet obovate or reversed cardioid, and long 1.2-2.5 centimetres, wide 1-2 centimetres, the Ye Changke of cultivation reaches 5 centimetres, widely reaches 3.8 centimetres, nose-circle or nick, the wide wedge shape of base portion, there is serration at the edge, and the surface does not have hair, the little hairiness in the back side; Stipule is oval, and the top point is embraced stem.The inflorescence head has long total bennet, above leaf; The calyx tube shape, calyx tooth triangle, short than calyx tube; Corolla white or pale red, vexil is oval.The pod shape of falling the ovum is oval, and 3-4 seeds are arranged; Seed is tiny, subcircular, yellowish-brown.May at florescence, the fruit phase 8-9 month.
In order further to improve quality and the output of herbage, above-mentioned topdressing is after cradling, to topdress with urea at every turn, and consumption is 15g/m
2
Preferably, the weight part ratio of above-mentioned orchardgrass, Bai Sanye and alfalfa seed is 4:6:5, and seeding quantity is 0.4 kilogram/mu of an orchardgrass sowing quantity, 0.6 kilogram/mu of Bai Sanye sowing quantity, 0.5 kilogram/mu of alfalfa sowing quantity.
Most preferably, the grazing hybrid sowing method of high altitude localities, a kind of reservoir area of Three Gorges is at first broadcast preplanting treatment; Adopt orchardgrass, Bai Sanye and alfalfa seed to carry out mixed seeding again; With row drilling, line-spacing between orchardgrass and alfalfa seed is 0.3m; The Bai Sanye seed is in the uniform broadcasting in the ranks of orchardgrass, alfalfa seed; 0.4 kilogram/mu of said orchardgrass sowing quantity, 0.6 kilogram/mu of Bai Sanye sowing quantity, 0.5 kilogram/mu of alfalfa sowing quantity; After cradling, topdress with urea, consumption is 15g/m at every turn
2
High altitude localities, said reservoir area of Three Gorges is that the subtropics height above sea level is 800～1500 meters a weather; Its cultivating soil type is a brown paddy soil, and soil property is a sandy loam, and soil nutrient status is: 0～20cm soil layer quality of organic matter percentage composition is 9.11%～10.02%; Ammonium nitrogen 0.08g/kg～0.18g/kg; Available phosphorus 0.253g/kg～0.531g/kg, available potassium 0.021g/kg～0.062g/kg, pH are 5～7.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
Leguminous forage of selecting for use in the grazing hybrid sowing of the present invention and gramineous forage grass all have the characteristics of heat-resisting, drought-enduring and impoverishment tolerant, and it is mixed seeding each other, have made full use of luminous energy, increase photosynthetic product; The nitrogen fixation of leguminous forage protein content height and rhizobium thereof in addition, thus significantly improve forage yield, improve herbage quality and soil fertility, its superiority is very outstanding; The inventive method is easy, simple to operate, and the sown pasture of building with this method has characteristics heat-resisting, drought-enduring, impoverishment tolerant.
In addition, adopt seed rate, the consumption of mixed seeding mode of the present invention and mixed seeding, make that the gained herbage quality is excellent, output is high.Orchardgrass, Bai Sanye and three kinds of herbage groups of alfalfa plant height can reach respectively: 65.7cm, 29.12cm, 40.43cm; Wherein, plant height is meant the absolute altitude on plant base portion to its top; Grow into the plant entering jointing later stage when cradling when surveying the most of orchardgrass in territory, producing region, Bai Sanye and alfalfa; Distance with the tape measure acrial part; 5 data are surveyed in each each sub-district; Record mean value repeats to survey 3 times, gathers the average height (unit is cm) of calculating each kind to all data at last.Especially; In nutrient component that this vegetative stage is surveyed three kinds of herbages respectively as follows: crude protein can reach 18.5% in air-dry kind of the orchardgrass, crude fat is 5.4%, raw fiber is 24%, nitrogen free extract is 41.5%; Crude protein can reach 24.5% in the air-dry appearance of Bai Sanye, crude fat is 2.6%, raw fiber is 12.8%, nitrogen free extract is 48.5%, and crude protein can reach 19.8% in the air-dry appearance of alfalfa, crude fat is 5.32%, raw fiber is 27.5%, nitrogen free extract is 28.53%.Adopt hybrid sowing method of the present invention; Make crude protein, crude fat, nitrogen free extract content in every kind of air-dry appearance of herbage all improve a lot, crude fiber content does not have bigger variation, and the crude protein content of herbage is high; And crude fiber content is low; Can obviously improve its digestibility, so grazing hybrid sowing method of the present invention improves the nutrient component of herbage effectively, thereby improved its digestibility.
Orchardgrass, Bai Sanye and three kinds of grassplot top of alfalfa biomass are respectively: 2.89kg/m
2, 1.12kg/m
2, 3.3kg/m
2, group's herbage gross yield is 7.31kg/m
2The mensuration of acrial part biomass is when most of plant entering shooting stage cradles in survey territory, producing region equally; Measure the acrial part biomass of every kind of herbage respectively; Stubble height is 5cm; Each kind regularly repeats to survey 3 times, gathers all data at last, calculates three kinds of herbages acrial part biomass separately; The acrial part biomass of each three kinds of grass in sub-district is added up, be group's herbage gross yield.
Embodiment
Through instance the present invention is specifically described below.Be necessary to be pointed out that at this; Following instance only is used for the present invention is further specified; Can not be interpreted as the restriction to protection domain of the present invention, the person skilled in the art in this field can make some nonessential improvement and adjustment to the present invention according to the foregoing invention content.
Embodiment 1
The grazing hybrid sowing method of high altitude localities, a kind of reservoir area of Three Gorges is at first broadcast preplanting treatment; Again with 0.4 kilogram/mu of seed of cocksfoot, 0.5 kilogram/mu of alfalfa seed, a row drilling, line-spacing are 0.3m, and 0.6 kilogram/mu in Bai Sanye seed is in seed of cocksfoot and alfalfa seed uniform broadcasting in the ranks; Cradle the back at every turn and topdress with urea, consumption is 15g/m
2High altitude localities, said reservoir area of Three Gorges is that the subtropics height above sea level is 800～1500 meters a weather; Its cultivating soil type is a brown paddy soil, and soil property is a sandy loam, and soil nutrient status is: 0～20cm soil layer quality of organic matter percentage composition is 9.11%～10.02%; Ammonium nitrogen 0.08g/kg～0.18g/kg; Available phosphorus 0.253g/kg～0.531gkg, available potassium 0.021g/kg～0.062g/kg, pH are 5～7.Gained orchardgrass, Bai Sanye and three kinds of herbage groups of alfalfa plant height can reach respectively: 65.7cm, 29.12cm, 40.43cm; Crude protein can reach 18.5% in the air-dry appearance of orchardgrass, crude fat is 5.4%, raw fiber is 24%, nitrogen free extract is 41.5%; Crude protein can reach 24.5% in the air-dry appearance of Bai Sanye, crude fat is 2.6%, raw fiber is 12.8%, nitrogen free extract is 48.5%, and crude protein can reach 19.8% in the air-dry appearance of alfalfa, crude fat is 5.32%, raw fiber is 27.5%, nitrogen free extract is 28.53%; Orchardgrass, Bai Sanye and three kinds of grassplot top of alfalfa biomass are respectively: 2.89kg/m
2, 1.12kg/m
2, 3.3kg/m
2, group's herbage gross yield is 7.31kg/m
2
Embodiment 2: the grazing hybrid sowing method of high altitude localities, a kind of reservoir area of Three Gorges; In the mixed seeding process with 0.4 kilogram/mu of seed of cocksfoot, 0.4 kilogram/mu of alfalfa seed; Between row drilling, line-spacing be 0.3m; 0.4 kilogram/mu in Bai Sanye seed is in orchardgrass and alfalfa uniform broadcasting in the ranks, and all the other methods of operating are with embodiment 1.Gained orchardgrass, Bai Sanye and three kinds of herbage groups of alfalfa plant height can reach respectively: 61.2cm, 27.54cm, 36.45cm; Crude protein can reach 16.3% in the air-dry appearance of orchardgrass, crude fat is 4.7%, raw fiber is 22%, nitrogen free extract is 38.5%; Crude protein can reach 20.8% in the air-dry appearance of Bai Sanye, crude fat is 2.2%, raw fiber is 11.3%, nitrogen free extract is 44.5%, and crude protein can reach 16.7% in the air-dry appearance of alfalfa, crude fat is 5.05%, raw fiber is 26.8%, nitrogen free extract is 27.15%; Orchardgrass, Bai Sanye and three kinds of grassplot top of alfalfa biomass are respectively: 2.58kg/m
2, 0.95kg/m
2, 2.8kg/m
2, group's herbage gross yield is 6.33kg/m
2
Embodiment 3: the grazing hybrid sowing method of high altitude localities, a kind of reservoir area of Three Gorges; In the mixed seeding process with 0.3 kilogram/mu of seed of cocksfoot, 0.3 kilogram/mu of alfalfa seed; Between row drilling, line-spacing be 0.3m; 0.4 kilogram/mu in Bai Sanye seed is in orchardgrass and alfalfa uniform broadcasting in the ranks, and all the other methods of operating are with embodiment 1.Gained orchardgrass, Bai Sanye and three kinds of herbage groups of alfalfa plant height can reach respectively: 59.4cm, 25.81cm, 32.58cm; Crude protein can reach 17.2% in the air-dry appearance of orchardgrass, crude fat is 5.1%, raw fiber is 20%, nitrogen free extract is 40.3%; Crude protein can reach 20.7% in the air-dry appearance of Bai Sanye, crude fat is 2.1%, raw fiber is 11.8%, nitrogen free extract is 42.3%, and crude protein can reach 17.8% in the air-dry appearance of alfalfa, crude fat is 4.88%, raw fiber is 26.5%, nitrogen free extract is 27.01%; Orchardgrass, Bai Sanye and three kinds of grassplot top of alfalfa biomass are respectively: 2.25kg/m
2, 0.89kg/m
2, 2.5kg/m
2, group's herbage gross yield is 5.64kg/m
2
Embodiment 4: the grazing hybrid sowing method of high altitude localities, a kind of reservoir area of Three Gorges; In the mixed seeding process with 0.4 kilogram/mu of seed of cocksfoot, 0.64 kilogram/mu of alfalfa seed; Between row drilling, line-spacing be 0.3m; 0.64 kilogram/mu in Bai Sanye seed is in orchardgrass and alfalfa uniform broadcasting in the ranks, and all the other methods of operating are with embodiment 1.Gained orchardgrass, Bai Sanye and three kinds of herbage groups of alfalfa plant height can reach respectively: 63.2cm, 28.77cm, 39.12cm; Crude protein can reach 17.8% in the air-dry appearance of orchardgrass, crude fat is 5.2%, raw fiber is 23%, nitrogen free extract is 40.6%; Crude protein can reach 23.6% in the air-dry appearance of Bai Sanye, crude fat is 2.3%, raw fiber is 12.2%, nitrogen free extract is 47.5%, and crude protein can reach 19.3% in the air-dry appearance of alfalfa, crude fat is 5.02%, raw fiber is 27.0%, nitrogen free extract is 27.66%; Orchardgrass, Bai Sanye and three kinds of grassplot top of alfalfa biomass are respectively: 2.67kg/m
2, 1.08kg/m
2, 3.15kg/m
2, group's herbage gross yield is 6.90kg/m
2
Claims (6)
1. the grazing hybrid sowing method of high altitude localities, a reservoir area of Three Gorges; It comprises broadcasts preplanting treatment, mixed seeding and topdresses; It is characterized in that: said mixed seeding is to adopt orchardgrass, Bai Sanye and alfalfa seed mixed seeding, specifically is to be 0.3m with row drilling, line-spacing between orchardgrass and alfalfa seed, and the Bai Sanye seed is in the uniform broadcasting in the ranks of orchardgrass, alfalfa seed; The consumption of said orchardgrass, Bai Sanye and alfalfa seed is 1:1～1.6:1～1.6, in weight part ratio.
2. grazing hybrid sowing method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: high altitude localities, said reservoir area of Three Gorges is that the subtropical zone height above sea level is 800～1500 meters a weather; Its cultivating soil type is a brown paddy soil, and soil property is a sandy loam, and soil nutrient status is: 0～20cm soil layer quality of organic matter percentage composition is 9.11%～10.02%; Ammonium nitrogen 0.08 g/kg～0.18g/kg; Available phosphorus 0.253g/kg～0.531g/kg, available potassium 0.021g/kg～0.062g/kg, pH are 5～7.
3. according to claim 1 or claim 2 grazing hybrid sowing method is characterized in that: said topdressing is to topdress with urea cradling the back at every turn, and consumption is 15g/m
2
4. according to claim 1 or claim 2 grazing hybrid sowing method; It is characterized in that: the weight part ratio of said orchardgrass, Bai Sanye and alfalfa seed is 4:6:5; Seeding quantity is 0.4 kilogram/mu of an orchardgrass sowing quantity, 0.6 kilogram/mu of Bai Sanye sowing quantity, 0.5 kilogram/mu of alfalfa sowing quantity.
5. grazing hybrid sowing method as claimed in claim 3; It is characterized in that: the weight part ratio of said orchardgrass, Bai Sanye and alfalfa seed is 4:6:5; Seeding quantity is 0.4 kilogram/mu of an orchardgrass sowing quantity, 0.6 kilogram/mu of Bai Sanye sowing quantity, 0.5 kilogram/mu of alfalfa sowing quantity.
6. the grazing hybrid sowing method of high altitude localities, a reservoir area of Three Gorges is characterized in that: at first broadcast preplanting treatment; Adopt orchardgrass, Bai Sanye and alfalfa seed to carry out mixed seeding again; With row drilling, line-spacing between orchardgrass and alfalfa seed is 0.3m; The Bai Sanye seed is in the uniform broadcasting in the ranks of orchardgrass, alfalfa seed; 0.4 kilogram/mu of said orchardgrass sowing quantity, 0.6 kilogram/mu of Bai Sanye sowing quantity, 0.5 kilogram/mu of alfalfa sowing quantity; After cradling, topdress with urea, consumption is 15g/m at every turn
2
High altitude localities, said reservoir area of Three Gorges is that the subtropics height above sea level is 800～1500 meters a weather; Its cultivating soil type is a brown paddy soil, and soil property is a sandy loam, and soil nutrient status is: 0～20cm soil layer quality of organic matter percentage composition is 9.11%～10.02%; Ammonium nitrogen 0.08 g/kg～0.18g/kg; Available phosphorus 0.253g/kg～0.531g/kg, available potassium 0.021g/kg～0.062g/kg, pH are 5～7.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103733850A (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2014-04-23 | 北京师范大学 | Method for planting alfalfa in typical grassland rainfed condition |
| CN104472200A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2015-04-01 | 北京师范大学 | Method for stably planting artificial grassland in grassland typical area under rain-fed condition |
| CN106376326A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-02-08 | 成都苗夫现代苗木科技有限公司 | Dactylis glomerata and trifolium repens mixed sowing method |
| CN106471925A (en) * | 2016-09-09 | 2017-03-08 | 新疆大学 | A kind of method that arid biogeographic zone degraded mountainous region grassland ecology is repaired |
| CN108040552A (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-05-18 | 湖南德人牧业科技有限公司 | A kind of grazing pasture forage grass optimizes hybrid sowing method |
| CN108886901A (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2018-11-27 | 浙江省农业科学院 | Indigenous method is consolidated in a kind of water conservation for mountainous region theatre |
| CN110313354A (en) * | 2019-07-24 | 2019-10-11 | 西南大学 | A kind of cultural method improving orchardgrass Summer-over rate |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103733850A (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2014-04-23 | 北京师范大学 | Method for planting alfalfa in typical grassland rainfed condition |
| CN104472200A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2015-04-01 | 北京师范大学 | Method for stably planting artificial grassland in grassland typical area under rain-fed condition |
| CN106376326A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-02-08 | 成都苗夫现代苗木科技有限公司 | Dactylis glomerata and trifolium repens mixed sowing method |
| CN106471925A (en) * | 2016-09-09 | 2017-03-08 | 新疆大学 | A kind of method that arid biogeographic zone degraded mountainous region grassland ecology is repaired |
| CN106471925B (en) * | 2016-09-09 | 2019-09-10 | 新疆大学 | A kind of method of arid biogeographic zone degraded mountainous region grassland ecology reparation |
| CN108040552A (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-05-18 | 湖南德人牧业科技有限公司 | A kind of grazing pasture forage grass optimizes hybrid sowing method |
| CN108886901A (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2018-11-27 | 浙江省农业科学院 | Indigenous method is consolidated in a kind of water conservation for mountainous region theatre |
| CN110313354A (en) * | 2019-07-24 | 2019-10-11 | 西南大学 | A kind of cultural method improving orchardgrass Summer-over rate |
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Application publication date: 20120912 |