CN102657010A - Mountain sand type tobacco-vegetable floating-seedling combined medium - Google Patents
Mountain sand type tobacco-vegetable floating-seedling combined medium Download PDFInfo
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- CN102657010A CN102657010A CN2012101400676A CN201210140067A CN102657010A CN 102657010 A CN102657010 A CN 102657010A CN 2012101400676 A CN2012101400676 A CN 2012101400676A CN 201210140067 A CN201210140067 A CN 201210140067A CN 102657010 A CN102657010 A CN 102657010A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a mountain sand type tobacco-vegetable floating-seedling combined medium, which is a composition prepared by mixing the following materials in parts by weight: mountain sand and saw powder in a ratio of 2: 0. 8-1.2, wherein the mud content of the mountain sand is less than 15%, the particle size is less than 2 mm, the moisture content is less than 5%, and the PH value is 6-7.5; the saw powder is prepared from fir, pine, birch, oak or cedar; and 10 days before the mountain sand and the saw powder are combined, an operation of sterilization is performed so as to kill harmful germs. According to the invention, tobacco seedlings cultivated by using the floating-seedling combined medium as a substitute for a turf type tobacco seedling medium are uniform in size, green in leaf color, extensive in root system, delicate and pretty, disease-free, and resilient in stems, therefore, compared with the existing turf type medium, the effect of the floating-seedling combined medium is better; the mountain sand is naturally weathered mountain sand, so that the mountain sand is wide in source, and convenient to take, therefore, the cost of the floating-seedling combined medium only accounts for 20% of that of the turf type medium; and the floating-seedling combined medium is easy to assemble. Therefore, the promotion and application of the medium disclosed by the invention not only can reduce the cost of seedling, but also avoids the exploitation on turf resources, thereby being beneficial for environmental protection; and meanwhile, the floating-seedling combined medium disclosed by the invention can also be widely used as a seedling medium for solanaceae vegetables such as tomatoes, eggplants, and chili peppers.
Description
Technical field the present invention is a kind of mountain sandbox tobacco vegetables floating seedlings composite substrate.
The tobacco seedling operation that background technology is traditional generally is: in seedling-cultivating tray, put culture matrix, program request seed, seedling-cultivating tray put educated that the pond is floating, the back seedling management of emerging, throw seedling, refining seedling, transplanting.Traditional tobacco seedling medium is to be main with the peat composed of rotten mosses (claiming peat, peat composed of rotten mosses etc. again) mostly; Be equipped with the light inorganic material of proper proportion again; Process combined material like vermiculite, fine perlite etc., use once just cannot reuse in 1 year afterwards, cause certain wasting of resources.Peat is from the bottom sediment deposit of marsh, freshwater lake; Weather, ecotope to the earth play important regulatory role; Be known as the kidney of the earth; If exploit this resource that is difficult to regenerate without limit, will destroy weather and balance of ecosystem, make for people's survival environment and seriously influence.In order to reduce until the exploitation of eliminating the peat resource, the conservation of nature environment is necessary to research and develop emerging seedling matrix material conscientiously.On the other hand, peat composed of rotten mosses type matrix cost under prior art and economic condition is higher, and the inconvenience of drawing materials is unfavorable for the raising of tobacco grower, vegetable grower's economic benefit.
Summary of the invention the objective of the invention is the problem and shortage to the existence of peat composed of rotten mosses type seedling medium; A kind of mountain sandbox tobacco vegetables floating seedlings composite substrate is proposed; To substitute peat composed of rotten mosses type matrix; The quality that this substituted type matrix has be emerge that neat, seedling strengthens, draws materials that facility, source are sufficient, assembly easily, low production cost, and can use repeatedly, the quality of cultivation seedling is identical or more excellent with peat composed of rotten mosses type matrix.
This mountain sandbox tobacco vegetables floating seedlings composite substrate that the present invention proposes is characterized in that it is the following material composition that forms of mixed by weight:
The mountain is husky: sawdust=2:0.8-1.2, and said mountain sand contains mud less than 15%, and granularity is less than 2mm, and moisture is less than 5%, and pH value is between 6～7.5.
Husky with the mountain: sawdust=2:1 is the best.
Sawdust is the sawdust of China fir, pine, birch, oak or cypress, sawdust should pile in advance seal one or two moon again with the husky assembly in mountain.
Conventional sterilization treatment was carried out in mountain sand and sawdust assembly in preceding 10 days, caused the bacterium of falling ill to kill, and perhaps carried out conventional sterilization treatment in preceding 10 days at medium in tray.
The present invention is as the substitute of peat composed of rotten mosses type tobacco seedling medium, the cigarette seedling of cultivating size neat, the leaf look just green, well developed root system; Delicate and pretty anosis, cane is rich in toughness, and is better with existing peat composed of rotten mosses type matrix contrast effect, and mountain sand is that nature weathering type mountain is husky; Husky identical or approximate with the mountain of architectural use, wide material sources, the facility of drawing materials; Cost is merely about 20% of peat composed of rotten mosses type matrix, and assembly is simple, and the husky exploitation in mountain is safe from harm to environment.Thereby, promote the use of the present invention and not only can reduce tobacco grower, cigarette enterprise and breed the cost of cigarette seedling, and avoided exploitation fully peat composed of rotten mosses resource, very favourable to environmental protection.
Except that tobacco was grown seedlings, the present invention also can be widely used as the seedling medium of solanaceous vegetables such as tomato, eggplant, capsicum.
Further specify good effect of the present invention with instance below.
Embodiment is grown seedlings with flue-cured tobacco MSK326 pelleted seed and is example.Through floating seedling cultivation substrate for flue-cured tobacco in 2011; Floating seedling cultivation substrate for flue-cured tobacco in 2010; Nature weathering mountain, somewhere, Gejiu, Yunnan husky (clay content 11%) is held the relieving of agglomerating back in hand and is promptly loose moisture 5%, pH value 6～7.5; Local washing mountain is husky; Cavings; Sawdust (metasequoia tree); Bagasse; 595 hole these materials of floating seedlings dish carry out many group contrast experiments, to further specify good effect of the present invention.Wherein mountain sand, sawdust and bagasse are used screenings through the screening of 3 eye mesh screens.
With matrix in 2011 was contrast, and with matrix in 2010, the mountain is husky mixed cavings, sawdust and bagasse respectively with the husky two kinds of husky bodies in washing mountain, does 7 processing according to the ratio of 2:1,3 repetitions, and 24 experimental plots, district's group is arranged and is compared test at random.
Contrast matrix (commercial goods in 2011.Form by careless carbon, vermiculite, fine perlite etc., produce with goods and materials Co., Ltd) by the Xun Dianxian of Yunnan Province gold leaf cigarette
Handle 1 2010 years matrix (commercial goods.Form by careless carbon, vermiculite, fine perlite etc., produce) by economic development zone, Luliang County, Yunnan Province
It is husky to handle 2 mountains: cavings=2:1
It is husky to handle 3 washing mountains: cavings=2:1
It is husky to handle 4 mountains: sawdust=2:1 (error band is within 2:0.8-1.2)
It is husky to handle 5 washing mountains: sawdust=2:1
It is husky to handle 6 mountains: bagasse=2:1
It is husky to handle 7 washing mountains: bagasse=2:1
The operation of growing seedlings comprises: sabot point seed, temperature and humidity management, the extermination of disease and insect pest, rich water quality management and daily management require to carry out (being published in " rural area practical technique " 03 phase in 2005) according to the operation of growing seedlings in " the few matrix floating seedlings technology of flue-cured tobacco ".These are the routine operation of existing flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating.
Owing to contain a small amount of fertility in the matrix, and in the husky body contained fertility a little less than, mountain sandbox matrix seedling growth rate is slower than peat composed of rotten mosses type matrix seedling, is throwing the seedling link, Sha Peimiao postpones to carry out in 4 days than matrix seedling.
Between whole nursery stage; To goods and materials cost (table 1), the situation of emerging (table 2), become growth of cereal crop seedlings condition (table 3), dry hole situation (table 4), fertilising title and quantity (table 5), main breeding time (table 6) and become economical character in seedling stage (table 7) to do correlation study, and detailed recorded data.The result is like table 1-7.
Table 1 goods and materials cost (average single-deck)
Unit: kilogram, unit
Remarks: sawdust and bagasse belong to waste utilization, and the expense of generation is used for please frock fortune
From the goods and materials analysis of growing seedlings, adopt the goods and materials cost of substrate seedling higher, and adopt the cost of husky cultivation seedling lower.With the hut of growing seedlings is example; If educate a hut with new matrix in 2011, need 36.8 yuan of goods and materials costs, if adopt the mountain husky: sawdust (2:1) is educated a hut; Only need 7.6 yuan of goods and materials costs, the conventional substrate goods and materials cost of growing seedlings is husky 4.8 times of cultivating seedling.
Analyze from sabot weight.Because sabot weight receives filler and husky body moisture, when the shared volume of filler was big, average single-deck was lighter, does the processing of filler as bagasse; Otherwise, the shared volume of filler hour, average single-deck is heavier, does the processing of filler as cavings and sawdust.Though there are differences, the weight differential between contrast and processing does not have considerable influence to sabot point seed.
Table 2 situation (February 19) of emerging
Table 2 finds out, owing to 4 days continuous low temperature occurs behind the some seed, emergence rate is totally on the low side, and it is best to handle 4 effects of emerging.Contained 11.4% crude protein in the cavings, behind the chance water, the cavings fermentation is very fast, and the mustiness thing appears in the top layer, becomes sticky thing afterwards, and behind the solar light irradiation, sticky thing dehydration becomes dry, and the shape that hardens appears in the top layer, has a strong impact on to emerge.Secondly, mountain sand is compared with washing mountain sand, and the husky proportion in washing mountain is bigger, and the phenomenon that hardens is husky heavier than the mountain.Therefore, do the height that the leaf emergence mountain of no use sand of husky body is done husky body with washing mountain sand, later stage cigarette strain root system does not have the husky prosperity in mountain yet.
Table 3 becomes growth of cereal crop seedlings condition (April 6)
Table 3 shows, becomes growth of cereal crop seedlings condition and emergence rate proportional.
A situation arises for table 4 dry hole (February 19)
Table 4 shows to have only cavings to make the experiment generation dry hole phenomenon of filler.The dry hole shape because hardening appears in sticky thing dehydration exsiccation, top layer, the dry hole rate also increases.
Table 5 fertilising title and quantity (single canopy)
Unit: g
Can find out from table 5 and since husky body self fertility a little less than, the back growing way of emerging is slow, therefore huskyly cultivates in the seedling required fertilizer and compares with conventional peat composed of rotten mosses type substrate seedling, should improve fertile amount.To becoming seedling, each hut applies 1200 gram nutrient solutions altogether from a seed, 3000 gram composite fertilizers and 3000 gram ammonium nitrates.In whole seedling raising process, compare with conventional peat composed of rotten mosses type substrate seedling, husky cultivate seedling in the little cross phase, throw seedling after and increase after the leaf-cutting for the second time and execute 500 grams, 650 grams and 650 gram ammonium nitrates.The supporting 2 bags of nutrient solutions of each single canopy in the matrix (totally 1200 grams).Through calculating, a substrate seedling list canopy need drop into 14.91 yuan of chemical fertilizer, and the husky seedling list canopy of cultivating need drop into 23.44 yuan of chemical fertilizer, compares, and husky training seedling hut Duo 8.53 yuan of chemical fertilizer of input than conventional peat composed of rotten mosses type substrate seedling.
Table 6 main breeding time of record
Remarks: processing 2 is low excessively because of emergence rate with processing 3, and later stage cigarette seedling lethality is high, does not investigate.
Find out that from table 6 because test site seed time ratio conventional seedbed system in advance, 4 days continuous low temperature occurs behind the some seed, the seeding stage prolongs.But under normal weather conditions, the seeding stage does not receive ectocine.Contain a small amount of fertility in the matrix, the matrix seedling is emerged early, and Sha Peimiao is emerged and postponed 4 days, and Cheng Miao postponed 2 days with transplanting.
Table 7 husky training Floating seedling and conventional peat composed of rotten mosses type matrix economical character in seedling stage investigation result
Unit: cm, g/ strain
Remarks: processing 2 is low excessively because of emergence rate with processing 3, and later stage cigarette seedling lethality is high, does not investigate.
Table 7 shows that height of seedling, stem height, stem girth, root system and cauline leaf fresh weight are handled 4 and all be better than contrast and other processing.
On above-mentioned test result basis; Applicant unit has enlarged practical range of the present invention; Except that on flue-cured tobacco seedling-cultivating, using the sandbox levitating seed-cultivating interstitial substance of this mountain; Floating seedlings effect on solanaceous vegetable crops such as capsicum, tomato, eggplant is obvious too, and the Miao Qimiao that has that the cultivation seedling that is cultivated is same strengthens, and each item economical character all is superior to the characteristics that tradition is grown seedlings.
Sawdust is main with China fir, does not have significant difference through substituting the sawdust and the proterties of China fir on the economical character of floating seedlings gained cultivation seedling that experiment showed, pine, birch, oak or cypress.
The husky pH value in mountain arrives alkalescence for subacidity.Through the test of each batch, between the pH value 6.5-7.5 result of the test is not obviously influenced.So the used mountain of the present invention sand is not done any adjustment to its acid-base value, is natural acid-base value.
Claims (4)
1. mountain sandbox tobacco vegetables floating seedlings composite substrate is characterized in that it is the following material composition that forms of mixed by weight:
The mountain is husky: sawdust=2:0.8-1.2, and said mountain sand contains mud less than 15%, and granularity is less than 2mm, and moisture is less than 5%, and pH value is between 6～7.5.
2. according to the said mountain of claim 1 sandbox tobacco vegetables floating seedlings composite substrate, it is characterized in that the mountain is husky: sawdust=2:1.
3. according to the said mountain of claim 1 sandbox tobacco vegetables floating seedlings composite substrate, it is characterized in that sawdust is the sawdust of China fir, pine, birch, oak or cypress, sawdust should pile in advance seal one or two moon again with the husky assembly in mountain.
4. according to the said mountain of claim 1 sandbox tobacco vegetables floating seedlings composite substrate, it is characterized in that the husky and sawdust assembly in mountain carried out conventional sterilization treatment in preceding 10 days, perhaps carried out conventional sterilization treatment in preceding 10 days at medium in tray.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103319251A (en) * | 2013-06-27 | 2013-09-25 | 贵州省土壤肥料研究所 | Spent mushroom substrate tobacco seedling nursery substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN103601560A (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2014-02-26 | 云南瑞升烟草技术（集团）有限公司 | Tobacco seedlings culturing matrix and preparation method thereof |
| CN103739400A (en) * | 2014-01-21 | 2014-04-23 | 谭飞鸿 | Substrate for soilless seedling of mustard |
| CN112042501A (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2020-12-08 | 内蒙古农业大学 | Sand-containing seedling raising substrate and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN2325981Y (en) * | 1998-01-24 | 1999-06-30 | 云南省烟草大理州公司 | Flue-cured tobacco floating seedling-cutivation plate |
| CN2764138Y (en) * | 2004-07-30 | 2006-03-15 | 汪湘流 | Floating seedling culturing dish for tobacco |
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2012
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| CN2325981Y (en) * | 1998-01-24 | 1999-06-30 | 云南省烟草大理州公司 | Flue-cured tobacco floating seedling-cutivation plate |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103319251A (en) * | 2013-06-27 | 2013-09-25 | 贵州省土壤肥料研究所 | Spent mushroom substrate tobacco seedling nursery substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN103601560A (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2014-02-26 | 云南瑞升烟草技术（集团）有限公司 | Tobacco seedlings culturing matrix and preparation method thereof |
| CN103739400A (en) * | 2014-01-21 | 2014-04-23 | 谭飞鸿 | Substrate for soilless seedling of mustard |
| CN103739400B (en) * | 2014-01-21 | 2016-06-29 | 谭飞鸿 | A kind of substrate of preserved vegetable non-soil culture |
| CN112042501A (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2020-12-08 | 内蒙古农业大学 | Sand-containing seedling raising substrate and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN102657010B (en) | 2013-12-11 |
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