CN102581323B - Hard coating layer possesses the resistance to surface-coated cutting tool collapsing cutter, fracture resistance - Google Patents
Hard coating layer possesses the resistance to surface-coated cutting tool collapsing cutter, fracture resistance Download PDFInfo
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- CN102581323B CN102581323B CN201110418431.6A CN201110418431A CN102581323B CN 102581323 B CN102581323 B CN 102581323B CN 201110418431 A CN201110418431 A CN 201110418431A CN 102581323 B CN102581323 B CN 102581323B
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- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 182
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- PIZYHTQSHRQOBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].O=[N] Chemical compound [C].O=[N] PIZYHTQSHRQOBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000446313 Lamella Species 0.000 claims description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 abstract description 18
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 38
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 38
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 21
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 therefore Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The invention provides a kind of resistance to surface-coated cutting tool collapsing cutter, fracture resistance that hard coating layer performance is excellent in high rate intermittent machining.A kind of surface-coated cutting tool, comprising WC carbide alloy, the surperficial evaporation of tool base of TiCN based ceramic metal is formed with hard coating layer, described hard coating layer comprises (a) and possesses the upper layer that the lower layer of Ti compound layer and (b) possess alumina layer, wherein, there is following hole distribution form: when on the thickness direction of above-mentioned upper layer with each thickness range region of the thickness range measuring space of 0.1 μm in exist the hole density in 2 ~ 30nm hole, aperture time, hole density is 200 ~ 500/μm
2thickness range region and hole density be 0 ~ 20/μm
2thickness range region alternately form at least multiple region along the thickness direction of upper layer.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of to occur with high heat and intermittence or impact load act in the various steel of cutting edge or the high rate intermittent machining of cast iron, hard coating layer possesses the resistance to of excellence and collapses cutter, fracture resistance, plays the surface-coated cutting tool (hereinafter referred to as coating tool) of excellent cutting ability thus through Long-Time Service.
Background technology
Usually the surface of the known matrix (below these being referred to as tool base) being made up of tungsten carbide (representing with WC below) base cemented carbide or titanium carbonitride (representing with TiCN below) based ceramic metal formed the coating tool of the hard coating layer be made up of following (a) and (b) in the past:
(a) lower layer, it is comprise the Ti compound layer of more than 2 layers in carbide (representing with the TiC below) layer of the Ti all formed by chemical vapor deposition, nitride (same below represent with TiN) layer, carbonitride (representing with TiCN below) layer, oxycarbide (representing with TiCO below) layer and carbon nitrogen oxide (representing with TiCNO below) layer; And
B () upper layer, its aluminium oxide formed for chemical vapor deposition (uses Al below
2o
3represent) layer,
And this coating tool known is used in the machining of various steel or cast iron etc.
But, above-mentioned coating tool exist easily to produce under larger load puts on the machining condition of cutting edge collapse cutter, defect etc. and life tools shorter and so on problem, therefore in order to eliminate this problem, carried out various motion all the time.
Such as, following motion has been carried out in citing document 1: be formed in Al as hard coating layer
2o
3the thickness direction of layer has the Porous Al of through hole
2o
3the Al of TiC, TiN, TiCN is filled with in the hole of layer
2o
3body layer, improves toughness while seeking to guarantee the wearability of hard coating layer thus, thus improves the resistance to of coating tool and collapse cutter.
In addition, following motion has been carried out in citing document 2,3: Al is set arranging Ti compound layer as lower layer
2o
3layer as in the coating tool of upper layer, by the Porous Al of hole rate with 5 ~ 30%
2o
3layer forms upper layer, relaxes mechanicalness and impacts and thermal shock, improve and resistance toly collapse cutter by this hole.
Patent document 1: Japanese Patent Publication 2001-277007 publication
Patent document 2: Japanese Patent Publication 2003-19603 publication
Patent document 3: Japanese Patent Publication 2003-48105 publication
In recent years, present situation is as follows: strong to the requirement of the saving labourization in machining and energy-saving, with this, coating tool uses gradually under exacting terms more, such as, even if in the coating tool shown in described patent document 1 ~ 3, be used in high heat occur even intermittence or impact load act on the high rate intermittent machining of cutting edge time, due to the mechanical resistant impact of upper layer, resistance to sudden heating is insufficient, cutter is collapsed so also easily can produce on the cutting edge because of high load capacity during machining, defect, its result reaches service life within a short period of time.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, the present inventor etc. are from viewpoint as above, even if to when being used in high heat generation and intermittence or impact load act on the high rate intermittent machining of cutting edge, hard coating layer also possesses excellent resiliency, its result play through Long-Time Service excellent resistance toly collapse cutter, the coating tool of fracture resistance conducts in-depth research, result obtains following opinion.
That is, above-mentioned Porous Al is in the past being formed as hard coating layer
2o
3in the coating tool of layer, at whole Al
2o
3roughly be formed uniformly hole in layer, therefore, hole rate is higher, and mechanical resistant impact, resistance to sudden heating more improve, but it on the other hand, hole rate higher then Porous Al
2o
3elevated temperature strength, the high temperature hardness of layer more decline, and therefore cannot play sufficient wearability through Long-Time Service, and can not say it is gratifying life tools.
Therefore, the present inventor etc. are to Al
2o
3hole distribution form in layer is further explored, and found that following content: be not to comprise Al
2o
3the small hole formed in the upper layer of the hard coating layer of layer is scattered in whole Al in heterogeneity
2o
3regular and disperse unevenly in layer, thus can not Al be caused
2o
3the elevated temperature strength of layer and high temperature hardness decline, and can improve mechanical resistant impact, resistance to sudden heating.
Further, the Al of above-mentioned hole distribution form is possessed
2o
3layer such as can by following chemical vapor deposition method film forming.
A () forms at tool base surface evaporation the lower layer comprising the target thickness of common Ti compound layer,
B () utilizes AlCl
3-HCl-H
2s-CO
2be reacting gas, on lower layer, evaporation forms Al
2o
3layer,
C (), in the film forming procedure of above-mentioned (b), stops importing above-mentioned reacting gas, imports SF simultaneously
6be that gas is to carry out SF
6etching,
D () then, carries out the operation of above-mentioned (b) and the operation of above-mentioned (c) repeatedly, form the Al of target thickness
2o
3layer.
By above-mentioned (a) ~ (d), form lower layer and the upper layer of target thickness on tool base surface, but if carry out surface texture observation with scanning electron microscope to above-mentioned upper layer, then can confirm Al
2o
3form the small hole of aperture 2 ~ 30nm in layer, and there is the hole distribution form that this small hole density changes along thickness direction generating period.
And find, evaporation forms the Al with above-mentioned hole distribution form
2o
3even if layer as this invention of the upper layer of hard coating layer coating tool be used in occur with high heat and intermittence or impact load act on the high rate intermittent machining of the steel of cutting edge or cast iron time, the resistance to cutter fracture resistance that collapses of hard coating layer is also excellent, can play excellent wearability through Long-Time Service.
This invention completes based on above-mentioned opinion, and it possesses following feature.
(1) surface-coated cutting tool, has at the surface chemistry evaporation of the tool base be made up of tungsten carbide base carbide alloy or base titanium carbonitride the hard coating layer comprising following (a), (b):
A () lower layer is comprise more than 1 layer or 2 layers in the carbide lamella of Ti, nitride layer, carbonitride layer, oxycarbide layer and carbon nitrogen oxide layer, and the Ti compound layer of the average thickness of the total with 3 ~ 20 μm; And
(b) upper layer, for having the alumina layer of average thickness of 1 ~ 25 μm, wherein,
The small hole of aperture 2 ~ 30nm is formed in the upper layer inside of above-mentioned (b), the upper layer of above-mentioned (b) and tool base surface are being divided into abreast the thickness range region of 0.1 μm, and when measuring the small hole density existed in this thickness range region
There is following hole distribution form: small hole density is 200 ~ 500/μm
2thickness range region and small hole density be 0 ~ 20/μm
2thickness range region alternately form at least multiple region along the thickness direction of upper layer, the small hole density thus in upper layer changes along thickness direction generating period.
(2) surface-coated cutting tool as described in aforementioned (1), wherein,
There is small hole density in upper layer along thickness direction with the hole distribution form of the cycle generating period change of 0.5 μm ~ 5 μm.
The present invention is described in detail below.
The Ti compound layer of lower layer:
The lower layer comprising the Ti compound layer of more than 1 layer or 2 layers in the carbide lamella of Ti, nitride layer, carbonitride layer, oxycarbide layer and carbon nitrogen oxide layer can be formed under common chemical vapor deposition condition, itself has elevated temperature strength, hard coating layer possesses elevated temperature strength because of the existence of this lower layer, and adheres to tool base all securely and comprise Al
2o
3the upper layer of layer, there is adhering effect thus that contribute to improving hard coating layer opposite tool matrix, but, when it adds up to average thickness less than 3 μm, described effect cannot be given full play to, if it adds up to average thickness more than 20 μm on the other hand, then easily produce and collapse cutter, therefore added up to average thickness to be decided to be 3 ~ 20 μm.
The Al of upper layer
2o
3layer:
The Al of known formation upper layer
2o
3layer possess high temperature hardness and heat resistance, but this invention by Al
2o
3the upper layer that layer is formed, namely the small hole of aperture 2 ~ 30nm is at Al
2o
3even if disperse the upper layer distributed be exposed to high temperature at cutting edge and be subject in the high rate intermittent machining of mechanical shock or thermal shock in layer with predetermined distributional pattern, also excellent elevated temperature strength, high temperature hardness is possessed, play the resistance to of excellence simultaneously and collapse cutter, fracture resistance.
In addition, this invention comprise Al
2o
3the upper layer of layer, when its average thickness is less than 1 μm, cannot guarantee the wearability in Long-Time Service, on the other hand, if its average thickness is more than 25 μm, then and Al
2o
3the easy coarsening of crystal grain, its result, except reducing high temperature hardness, except elevated temperature strength, resistance to when also reducing high rate intermittent machining collapses cutter, fracture resistance, therefore its average thickness is decided to be 1 ~ 25 μm.
Upper layer (Al
2o
3layer) film forming:
The upper layer of this invention can such as according to the surface of following chemical vapor deposition condition film forming in the lower layer of film forming under common chemical vapor deposition condition.
First, utilize common chemical evaporation plating device,
A () is at reacting gas composition (capacity %):
AlCl
3：2～3％、
CO
2：5～6％、
HCl：2～3％、
H
2S：0.1～0.5％、
H
2: residue;
Reaction atmosphere temperature: 960 ~ 1000 DEG C;
Reaction atmosphere pressure: 5 ~ 8kPa
Condition under, evaporation 20 ~ 180 minutes, evaporation formed regulation thickness Al
2o
3layer.
B () then, stops importing above-mentioned reacting gas, replaces this, import and with the addition of SF
6the H of gas
2gas, so that the gas composition becoming 5 ~ 10 capacity %, by this SF
6gas in following condition, that is,
Reacting gas composition (capacity %):
SF
6：5～10％、
H
2: residue;
Reaction atmosphere temperature: 800 ~ 1050 DEG C;
Reaction atmosphere pressure: 4 ~ 27kPa
Condition under, carry out the SF of 5 ~ 60 minutes
6etching.
C () then, stops importing above-mentioned SF
6be gas, in device, import H
2s, so that the reacting gas composition becoming above-mentioned (a), under the condition identical with above-mentioned (a), evaporation 20 ~ 180 minutes, evaporation forms Al again
2o
3layer.
Below, repeatedly carry out above-mentioned (b) and (c), final evaporation forms the Al of target thickness
2o
3layer.
Upper layer (Al
2o
3layer) hole distribution form:
Upper layer (the Al of this invention formed under above-mentioned chemical vapor deposition condition shown in Fig. 1
2o
3layer) the schematic diagram of hole distribution form.
As shown in Figure 1, the upper layer (Al of this invention
2o
3layer) in, the region that the small hole of aperture 2 ~ 30nm exists with high density and the lower region of small hole density form multiple region, further, the plurality of small hole high-density region and small hole density regions have the hole distribution form that small hole density changes along thickness direction generating period.
Further described by Fig. 2.
Fig. 2 illustrates the upper layer (Al with hole distribution form of this invention formed under above-mentioned chemical vapor deposition condition
2o
3layer) in, the hole distribution aspect graph of correlation that represents position, thickness direction-small hole density.
This hole distribution aspect graph can be obtained by following methods.
First, thickness range region upper layer and tool base surface being divided into abreast respectively 0.1 μm (in Fig. 3, is equivalent to the thickness range region of 0.1 μm with the section separated with multiple parallel lines of drawing abreast of tool base surface.), the small hole number of the aperture 2 ~ 30nm utilizing scanning electron microscope (multiplying power is 50000 times) to exist in each thickness range region that the length measurment of total 10 μm is divided, obtain exist in this 0.1 μm of thickness range region small hole density (individual/μm
2), along thickness direction, the small hole density obtained in each thickness range region is carried out pictorialization, the hole distribution aspect graph in the thickness direction thus shown in construction drawing 2.
Further, according to the upper layer (Al of this invention
2o
3layer) hole distribution form, in this thickness direction hole distribution aspect graph, small hole density is maximum (200 ~ 500/μm
2scope in) thickness range region and small hole density be minimum (0 ~ 20/μm
2scope in) thickness range region along upper layer thickness direction periodically and alternately form at least multiple region.
Such as, in Fig. 2, small hole density demonstrates maximum (200 ~ 500/μm
2scope in) thickness range region on thickness direction, be formed with 3 places, and small hole density demonstrates minimum (0 ~ 20/μm
2scope in) thickness range region on thickness direction, be formed with 3 places.
Further, from the hole distribution aspect graph in this thickness direction, at the upper layer (Al of this invention
2o
3layer) in be formed at Al
2o
3the hole distribution form that the distribution in the small hole of the inner aperture 2 ~ 30nm formed of layer changes along thickness direction generating period.
In this invention, the maximum of small hole density is decided to be 200 ~ 500/μm
2scope in be because, if the maximum of small hole density is less than 200/μm
2, then become too small with the difference of very small region and the feature that periodic structure has cannot be given full play to, on the other hand, if more than 500/μm
2, then porosity becomes too high, produces the embrittlement of upper layer and the decline of wearability.
Further, the minimum of small hole density is decided to be 0 ~ 20/μm
2scope in be based on following reason: in order to maintain elevated temperature strength, the high temperature hardness that also will be maintained as whole upper layer beyond resistance to impact, in upper layer, need small hole density to be 20/μm
2following region, therefore when the minimum of small hole density is more than 20/μm
2time, even if excellent impact resistance, Al
2o
3toughness, the wearability of layer also can decline.
Further, in this invention, the aperture in small hole is decided to be 2 ~ 30nm, this is because, be formed at Al
2o
3when the aperture in the hole in layer is less than 2nm, cannot buffering effect be expected, on the other hand, if aperture is more than 30nm, then Al
2o
3the toughness of layer reduces, greatly in order to maintain Al
2o
3the elevated temperature strength of layer, while high temperature hardness, keep the buffering effect for intermittence or impact load, be formed at Al
2o
3the aperture in the small hole that layer is inner is necessary for 2 ~ 30nm.
In addition, the cycle in the thickness direction in the distributional pattern in preferred above-mentioned small hole is 0.5 μm ~ 5 μm.If this cycle less than 0.5 μm, then comprises Al
2o
3toughness, the wearability of the upper layer of layer are on a declining curve, on the other hand, if the above-mentioned cycle is more than 5 μm, then and Al
2o
3the resistance to impact of the relative intermittence of layer or impact load can constantly decline.
In this invention, as the upper layer (Al of hard coating layer
2o
3layer) have small hole density and demonstrate above-mentioned maximum and minimizing thickness range property regional cycle and the hole distribution form alternately occurred, even if therefore to occur with high heat and intermittence or impact high load capacity act in the high rate intermittent machining of cutting edge, also Al can not damaged
2o
3the intrinsic high temperature hardness that layer has and heat resistance, play the resistance to of excellence and collapse cutter, fracture resistance.
In the coating tool of this invention, as hard coating layer, coated formation comprises the lower layer of Ti compound layer and comprises Al
2o
3the upper layer of layer, and there is the Al of upper layer
2o
3the hole distribution form that changes along thickness direction generating period of small hole density of layer, even if thus be used in steel or cast iron etc. occur with high heat and intermittence or impact high load capacity act on the high rate intermittent machining of cutting edge time, resistance to cutter, the fracture resistance of collapsing is also excellent, its result, play excellent wearability through Long-Time Service, realize the long lifetime of coating tool.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 represents the upper layer (Al with the coating tool of the present invention of hole distribution form of this invention
2o
3layer) schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 represents the upper layer (Al with hole distribution form about this invention
2o
3layer) the small hole density distribution map in thickness direction.
Fig. 3 represent with multiple (hypothesis) parallel lines of drawing abreast of tool base surface by the upper layer (Al of this invention
2o
3layer) separate and be divided into the schematic diagram of the state in the thickness range region of 0.1 μm.
Detailed description of the invention
Then, the coating tool of this invention is illustrated according to embodiment.
[embodiment]
Prepare WC powder, TiC powder, ZrC powder, VC powder, TaC powder, NbC powder, the Cr all with the average grain diameter of 1 ~ 3 μm
3c
2powder, TiN powder, TaN powder and Co powder are as material powder, these material powders are fitted in the cooperation composition shown in table 1, and, add wax in acetone ball milling mix 24 hours, after drying under reduced pressure, with the pressure punch forming of 98MPa for specifying the pressed compact of shape, by this pressed compact in the vacuum of 5Pa, vacuum-sintering under the condition keeping 1 hour with the set point of temperature within the scope of 1370 ~ 1470 DEG C, after sintering, cutting edge portion is implemented to the cutting edge reconditioning processing of R:0.07mm, produce the WC base cemented carbide tool base A ~ E with the blade shapes specified in iso standard CNMG120408 thus respectively.
In addition, TiCN (being TiC/TiN=50/50 by quality ratio) powder, the Mo all with 0.5 ~ 2 μm of average grain diameter is prepared
2c powder, ZrC powder, NbC powder, TaC powder, WC powder, Co powder and Ni powder are as material powder, these material powders are fitted in the cooperation composition shown in table 2, after ball mill wet mixed 24 hours drying, with the pressure punch forming of 98MPa for pressed compact, by this pressed compact in the blanket of nitrogen of 1.3kPa, with temperature: 1540 DEG C keep the condition of 1 hour under sinter, after sintering, cutting edge part is implemented to the cutting edge reconditioning processing of R:0.07mm, thus form the TiCN based ceramic metal tool base a ~ e of the blade shapes with ISO specification CNMG120408.
Secondly, utilize common chemical evaporation plating device, on the surface of these tool base A ~ E and tool base a ~ e, carry out following operation.
A () is using the condition shown in table 3 and the target thickness evaporation shown in table 5 forms the lower layer of Ti compound layer as hard coating layer.
B () then, forms the Al of regulation thickness with the condition evaporation shown in table 3
2o
3layer is as the intermediate layer of hard coating layer.
(c) then, with the etching condition shown in table 4, to Al
2o
3layer carries out the SF of stipulated time
6etching.
D () carries out above-mentioned (b), (c) repeatedly until obtain the upper layer thickness of regulation.
According to above-mentioned (a) ~ (d), evaporation is formed and comprises the lower layer shown in table 6 and have Al
2o
3the hard coating layer of the upper layer equally as shown in Table 7 of hole distribution form that the small hole density of layer changes along thickness direction generating period, produces coating tool 1 ~ 15 of the present invention thus.
Scanning electron microscope (multiplying power is 50000 times) is utilized to comprise Al to the invention described above coating tool 1 ~ 15
2o
3the upper layer of layer observes the plane of fracture of film thickness direction with many visual fields, and observes the hole distribution form shown in schematic diagram of Fig. 1.
Further, utilize scanning electron microscope (multiplying power is 50000 times) equally, comprise Al as shown in Figure 3 to the invention described above coating tool 1 ~ 15 on thickness direction
2o
3the upper layer of layer is divided into the thickness range region of 0.1 μm, the small hole number of the aperture 2 ~ 30nm existed in this thickness range region of length measurment of total 10 μm, obtain small hole density (individual/μm
2), transverse axis is set to small hole density (individual/μm
2) and the longitudinal axis is set to the thickness direction degree of depth, make the hole distribution aspect graph shown in Fig. 2.
In above-mentioned Fig. 2, by small hole density between 200 ~ 500/μm
2between time the maximum of small hole density be set to maximum Dmax, on the other hand, by small hole density between 0 ~ 20/μm
2between time the minimum of a value of small hole density be set to minimum Dmin, obtain Dmax and Dmin from the hole distribution aspect graph made as Fig. 2, and then the distance between the Dmax periodically occurred along thickness direction is obtained as the cycle C that small hole density changes.
The mean value of above-mentioned maximum Dmax, minimum Dmin and cycle C shown in table 7.
In addition, as the object compared, form the Ti compound layer of the lower layer as hard coating layer at the surperficial evaporation of tool base A ~ E and tool base a ~ e using the target thickness shown in table 6 with the condition shown in table 3 identically with coating tool 1 ~ 15 of the present invention.
Then, about some tool base, formed with the condition shown in table 3 and with the target thickness evaporation shown in table 8 and comprise Al
2o
3the upper layer of layer, as the upper layer of hard coating layer, has made the comparison coating tool 1 ~ 5 of table 8 thus.
Equally, about some tool base, formed with the condition (be equivalent in patent document 2,3 record condition) shown in table 5 and with the target thickness evaporation shown in table 8 and comprise Al
2o
3the upper layer of layer, has made the comparison coating tool 6 ~ 10 of table 8 thus.
In addition, about residue tool base, by repeatedly carrying out the Al based on the condition shown in table 3
2o
3the evaporation of layer is formed and SF under the conditions shown in Table 4
6etching carrys out evaporation formation and comprises Al
2o
3the Al that changes of small hole density
2o
3the upper layer of layer, has made the comparison coating tool 11 ~ 15 of table 8 thus.
Scanning electron microscope (multiplying power is 50000 times) is utilized to comprise Al to what compare coating tool 1 ~ 10 and 11 ~ 15
2o
3the upper layer of layer determines Al
2o
3small hole density.
About comparing coating tool 1 ~ 5, on thickness direction, do not observe Al
2o
3the hole density of layer has special difference, and the hole of aperture 50 ~ 100nm is with roughly 0 ~ 5/μm
2even density be distributed in layer.
In addition, about comparing coating tool 6 ~ 10, on thickness direction, Al is not observed
2o
3the hole density of layer has special difference, and the hole of aperture 200 ~ 1000nm is evenly distributed in layer with the hole rate of 10 ~ 25%.
The value of uniform aperture, hole density on whole thickness direction about comparing coating tool 1 ~ 10 is shown in table 8.
Identically with the situation of coating tool 1 ~ 15 of the present invention, hole distribution form on whole thickness direction has been obtained about comparing coating tool 11 ~ 15.
To the value comparing maximum Dmax, minimum Dmin that coating tool 11 ~ 15 obtains and cycle C shown in table 8.
In addition, utilize scanning electron microscope to determine coating tool 1 ~ 15 of the present invention and compare the thickness of each structure sheaf of coating tool 1 ~ 15, result shows in fact all identical with the target thickness shown in table 6 ~ table 8 average thickness.
[table 1]
[table 2]
[table 4]
[table 5]
[table 6]
[table 7]
Minimum and the cycle of the small hole density of maximum value of (note) small hole density represent mean value respectively.
[table 8]
Minimum and the cycle of the small hole density of maximum value of (note 1) small hole density represent mean value respectively.
(note 2)
*represent beyond the scope of the invention.
Then, about the invention described above coating tool 1 ~ 15 and compare coating tool 1 ~ 15, implement machining test under the conditions shown in Table 9, in all cutting tests, all determine the wear of the tool flank width of cutting edge.
Its measurement result is shown in table 10.
[table 9]
(note) workpiece is along its length with at equal intervals with the pole of 4 pods
[table 10]
(the cutting test result comparing coating tool hurdle represents the cutting time (minute) because collapsing till the reason such as cutter, defect reaches the life-span.)
From the result shown in table 6 ~ 10 clearly, in the coating tool of this invention, as the upper layer of hard coating layer, have and be formed at Al
2o
3the hole distribution form that the small hole density in the small hole that layer is inner changes along thickness direction generating period, even if thus be used in steel or cast iron etc. occur with high heat and intermittence or impact high load capacity act on the high rate intermittent machining of cutting edge time, resistance to cutter, the fracture resistance of collapsing is also excellent, its result, plays excellent wearability through Long-Time Service.
In contrast, about the Al of upper layer
2o
3the comparison coating tool 1 ~ 10 of the roughly evenly average grain diameter in layer and to have the comparison coating tool 11 ~ 15 of the grain structure structure outside the scope of the invention clearly known, when being used in high heat generation and intermittence or impact high load capacity act on the high rate intermittent machining of cutting edge, reach the life-span at short notice because collapsing the generation of cutter, defect etc.
Utilizability in industry
As mentioned above, the coating tool of this invention such as steel or cast iron etc. occur with high heat and intermittence or impact high load capacity act in the high rate intermittent machining of cutting edge, play the resistance to of excellence and collapse cutter, fracture resistance, can increase the service life, but can not only use under high rate intermittent Cutting and machining conditions, certainly also can in middle uses such as the high speed heavy cut processing conditions of high-speed cutting processing conditions, high cutting-in amount and high feed speed.
Claims (2)
1. a surface-coated cutting tool, has the hard coating layer comprising following (a) lower layer, (b) upper layer at the surface chemistry evaporation of the tool base be made up of tungsten carbide base carbide alloy or base titanium carbonitride:
A () lower layer, is more than 1 layer or 2 layers of comprising in the carbide lamella of Ti, nitride layer, carbonitride layer, oxycarbide layer and carbon nitrogen oxide layer and has the Ti compound layer of the average thickness of total of 3 ~ 20 μm; And
B () upper layer, for having the alumina layer of average thickness of 1 ~ 25 μm, is characterized in that,
The small hole of aperture 2 ~ 30nm is formed in above-mentioned (b) upper layer inside, above-mentioned (b) upper layer and tool base surface are being divided into abreast the thickness range region of 0.1 μm, and when measuring the small hole density existed in this thickness range region
There is following hole distribution form: small hole density is 200 ~ 500/μm
2thickness range region and small hole density be 0 ~ 20/μm
2thickness range region alternately form at least multiple region along the thickness direction of upper layer, the small hole density thus in upper layer changes along thickness direction generating period.
2. surface-coated cutting tool as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that,
There is small hole density in upper layer along thickness direction with the hole distribution form of the cycle generating period change of 0.5 μm ~ 5 μm.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011002834A JP5590327B2 (en) | 2011-01-11 | 2011-01-11 | Surface coated cutting tool with excellent chipping resistance and chipping resistance with excellent hard coating layer |
| JP2011-002834 | 2011-01-11 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102581323A CN102581323A (en) | 2012-07-18 |
| CN102581323B true CN102581323B (en) | 2015-09-02 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201110418431.6A Expired - Fee Related CN102581323B (en) | 2011-01-11 | 2011-12-14 | Hard coating layer possesses the resistance to surface-coated cutting tool collapsing cutter, fracture resistance |
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| Country | Link |
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| JP (1) | JP5590327B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN102581323B (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5590329B2 (en) * | 2011-02-03 | 2014-09-17 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | Surface coated cutting tool with excellent chipping resistance and chipping resistance with excellent hard coating layer |
| JP5999362B2 (en) * | 2013-03-12 | 2016-09-28 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | Surface coated cutting tool |
| JP6752147B2 (en) * | 2014-01-30 | 2020-09-09 | サンドビック インテレクチュアル プロパティー アクティエボラーグ | Alumina coated cutting tool |
| JP6198141B2 (en) * | 2014-03-26 | 2017-09-20 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | Surface coated cutting tool with excellent chipping resistance and chipping resistance with excellent hard coating layer |
| JP7183522B2 (en) * | 2018-01-04 | 2022-12-06 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | A surface-coated cutting tool with a hard coating layer that exhibits excellent chipping resistance |
| US11964328B2 (en) * | 2018-09-05 | 2024-04-23 | Kyocera Corporation | Coated tool and cutting tool |
| KR102575871B1 (en) * | 2019-02-26 | 2023-09-07 | 교세라 가부시키가이샤 | Inserts and cutting tools equipped therewith |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101297061A (en) * | 2005-10-28 | 2008-10-29 | 京瓷株式会社 | Surface-coated member, method for manufacture thereof, and cutting tool |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0408535B1 (en) * | 1989-07-13 | 1994-04-06 | Seco Tools Ab | Multi-oxide coated carbide body and method of producing the same |
| JP3087503B2 (en) * | 1993-02-26 | 2000-09-11 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | Manufacturing method of surface-coated tungsten carbide based cemented carbide cutting tools with excellent wear and fracture resistance |
| SE504968C2 (en) * | 1994-11-15 | 1997-06-02 | Sandvik Ab | Method of coating a cutting tool with a layer of alpha-Al2O3 |
| JPH11347806A (en) * | 1999-04-14 | 1999-12-21 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | Surface coated tungsten carbide based hard metal cutting tip preventing generation of layer peeling in hard coated layer |
| JP2003019603A (en) * | 2001-07-09 | 2003-01-21 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | Surface covered cemented carbide cutting tool having hard coating layer with excellent chipping resistance |
| JP2003048105A (en) * | 2001-08-06 | 2003-02-18 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | Surface coated cemented carbide cutting tool having coating layer exhibiting superior chipping resistance |
| JP4857751B2 (en) * | 2005-12-12 | 2012-01-18 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | Surface polishing method for throated surface-coated cermet with a hard coating layer that exhibits excellent chipping resistance in high-speed cutting |
| JP2008178942A (en) * | 2007-01-24 | 2008-08-07 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | Surface-coated cutting tool |
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| CN101297061A (en) * | 2005-10-28 | 2008-10-29 | 京瓷株式会社 | Surface-coated member, method for manufacture thereof, and cutting tool |
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| JP5590327B2 (en) | 2014-09-17 |
| JP2012143827A (en) | 2012-08-02 |
| CN102581323A (en) | 2012-07-18 |
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