CN102576000A - 湿气检测模块和接收单元 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及用于监控卫生棉湿气状态的湿气检测模块。该模块包括湿敏传感器和覆盖该传感器的湿气不渗透层。该湿气不渗透层布置成附着于卫生棉表面以使该湿敏传感器与该卫生棉表面接触,在所述卫生棉被人使用期间所述卫生棉表面面向人的皮肤。该湿气检测模块是用作RF-标签的RLC电路,从而向远程读取装置传输湿气信息。
Description
本发明涉及用于监控卫生棉湿气状态的湿气检测模块,所述湿气检测模块包括湿敏传感器。
此种湿气检测模块,在例如欧洲专利公开EP 1 114 313中有记载,EP1 114 313公开了与电磁询问场(electromagnetic interrogation field)交互作用以便以非接触方式向读取装置传输局部湿气信息的系统和电子传感器。
此种湿气检测模块的应用使得能更高效地照料因失禁问题而佩戴卫生棉的人(例如老人),尤其当所述人因为意识不到卫生棉的潮湿或无法告知护士而不能主动地指出当前的卫生棉需要更换时。
当在卫生棉中检测到湿气时,读取装置可以产生警告信号以便使护理或照料专业人员意识到这个人的卫生棉需要更换。
然而,在实际中,此种湿气检测模块的使用可能会导致卫生棉的使用效率低下和过多的更换活动,因为湿气的检测并不总是正确地反映更换卫生棉的需要。例如,该卫生棉的吸收能力仅被最低程度地利用。
本发明的目的在于提供根据本文开头所述的湿气检测模块,其中消除了上述缺点。特别地,本发明旨在提供一种湿气检测模块,该湿气检测模块可以更可靠地指示卫生棉更换的需要。另外,该湿气检测模块还包括覆盖传感器的湿气不渗透层,该湿气不渗透层布置成附着于卫生棉使用期间面向人皮肤的卫生棉表面上,以使湿敏传感器与卫生棉表面接触。
通过提供覆盖传感器且在使用期间附着于卫生棉的面向皮肤的表面上的湿气不渗透层,该模块被布置成使得湿气仅可以经由模块下面的卫生棉材料到达传感器。因为卫生棉的与人皮肤接触的表面上的湿气无法透过该模块,所以当传感器感测到透过由湿气不渗透层覆盖的表面下面的卫生棉材料的湿气时,它可以有利地提供更可靠的信息。因此,仅在卫生棉湿气吸收能力至少被部分地利用时才发生湿气检测,从而获得可以更可靠地指示需要更换卫生棉的湿气检测模块。
注意,专利公开WO 2006/058276公开了具有被湿气吸收层部分覆盖的湿气传感器的卫生棉。进一步地,该卫生棉包括布置在传感器的一部分上的电绝缘体,以避免电压或电流施加到使用者皮肤上。
进一步注意,专利申请US 2004/0236302公开了包括湿度传感器的吸收裤产品。该传感器布置在对湿气不渗透但对气体颗粒可渗透的外罩中。
在所附权利要求中描述了根据本发明的有利实施例。
仅为了举例说明,现参考附图说明本发明的实施例,其中
图1示出了附着于卫生棉的根据本发明的湿气检测模块的示意性侧截面图;
图2示出了图1中的卫生棉和湿气检测模块的示意性俯视图;
图3示出了根据本发明第一实施例的湿气检测模块中的传感器的电路;
图4示出了根据本发明第二实施例的湿气检测模块中的传感器的电路;
图5示出了根据本发明第三实施例的湿气检测模块中的传感器的电路;
图6a示出了图5中的传感器在第一状态时的示意性立体图;
图6b示出了图5中的传感器在第二状态时的示意性立体图;
图6c示出了图5中的传感器在第三状态时的示意性立体图;
图7示出了根据本发明的读取装置的示意图;和
图8示出了根据本发明的又一实施例中的湿气检测模块中的传感器的又一实施例的示意图。
注意,附图仅示出了根据本发明的优选实施例。在附图中,相同的附图标记表示相同或相应的零件。
图1示出了根据本发明的湿气检测模块1的示意性截面侧视图。模块1附着于卫生棉2,卫生棉2包括湿气吸收部分3并具有表面4,在卫生棉2由人使用期间该表面4面向人的皮肤。湿气吸收部分3包括,例如尿布或褥垫(bed pad)。
模块1包括湿敏传感器5和覆盖传感器5的湿气不渗透层6。湿气不渗透层6具有附着于卫生棉表面4(也称为卫生棉内表面)的粘合层7,使得湿敏传感器5与卫生棉表面4接触。注意,湿气不渗透层6也可以以另一种方式(例如,采用夹紧件)附着于卫生棉内表面4。
进一步地,湿气检测模块1包括覆盖湿气不渗透层6的舒适顶层8,使得佩戴带有附着的模块1的卫生棉2感觉更舒适。优选地,舒适层8包括生物相容性材料,以抵消皮肤上的不期望出现的生理反应(如刺激反应)。显而易见的是,原则上,也可以形成不含舒适顶层8的模块1,因而提供了较便宜的检测模块,例如,在湿气吸收部分3包括褥垫的情况下。
在使用卫生棉2期间,湿气检测模块1的顶部上可能会存在湿气9。但是由于存在湿气不渗透层6,因而能够消除当卫生棉2的湿气吸收能力未被充分利用时湿气9的过早检测。湿气仅可以经由湿气吸收部分3到达传感器5。
图2示出湿气检测模块1和卫生棉2的示意性顶视图。卫生棉2包括靠近人的腹部佩戴的前面部分2a和靠近人的背部佩戴的后面部分2b,以及连接前面部分2a与后面部分2b的中间部分2c。如所示的,湿气检测模块1安置在中间部分2c中,在相比于前面部分2a来说更靠近后面部分2b的区域中。通过布置湿气检测模块1的位置使得湿气检测模块1与前面部分2a之间的第一距离D1大于湿气检测模块1与后面部分2b之间的第二距离D2,在湿气吸收部分3已吸收相对较大的量的湿气而且剩余吸收能力已变得相对较小时,有利地检测到湿气。因此,在仅吸收相对较小的量的湿气时不进行检测,因此高效地利用了卫生棉2的吸收能力。
在根据本发明的另一个实施例中,将模块1安置成使得第一距离D1小于第二距离D2,以便当湿气还未透过中间部分2c的背部时在稍早阶段进行湿气检测,以便可以较早地更换卫生棉2,从而提高佩戴卫生棉2的人的舒适性。
实验已证明,湿气检测模块1的优选位置在相对于第三距离D3的大约2/3~3/4的范围内,第三距离D3为前面部分和后面部分之间的距离。该范围的下限对应于这样的情况,其中第二距离D2和第一距离D1之间的相对距离大约为2/3;而该范围的上限对应于这样的情况,其中第二距离D2和第一距离D1之间的相对距离大约为3/4。在所述范围内,似乎对于大多数可用卫生棉而言,湿气检测都是在湿气吸收部分3仍然还有一些吸收能力且卫生棉2没有湿气泄漏时发生的,从而优化卫生棉的使用。
当人佩戴卫生棉2时,湿气吸收部分3吸附湿气(如尿)。在第一阶段,湿气集中于位于湿气进入湿气吸收部分3的位置附近的第一区域10中。随着时间的推移,湿气进一步渗透到湿气吸收部分3中,这是因为单位面积的吸收能力是有限的。如图2所示,已吸收湿气的区域从第一区域10沿着渗透方向P逐渐扩展到第二区域11,然后扩展到第三区域12,到达湿气检测模块1附着于卫生棉上的位置。一旦湿气到达与卫生棉内表面4接触的湿敏传感器3后,就立即检测到该湿气。这样,可以监控卫生棉2的湿气状态。为了供具有特定尿失禁或行动不便问题的人使用,可以将传感器5安置在卫生棉的其它地方。任选地,可以应用一个或多个另外的传感器。
图3示出了根据本发明根据第一实施例的湿气检测模块1中的湿敏传感器5的电路。该电路包括并联地相互连接的谐振电路(线圈20的形式的)和电容器21。进一步地,还并联连接有湿敏电阻器22。如果电阻器22的电阻值相对较高,则将该谐振电路调到预定的谐振频率,例如大约8.2MHz。但是如果电阻器22的电阻值相对较低,则该电路释放它的谐振特性,因为线圈20和电容器21然后会短路。
图3中的湿敏电阻器22布置成使得在干燥状况下该电阻值高,而在潮湿状况下该电阻值低。为了达到这个目的,电阻器22包括在潮湿状况下变得导电的材料,如棉花或纤维素。显而易见的,可以使用在潮湿时具有导电特性的任何材料,例如盐或特定聚合物。因此,如果电阻器20与从湿气吸收部分3排出的湿气接触,则谐振特性消失。这样,湿敏传感器被布置为用于在超出预定湿度时失效(deactivated)。
图4示出了根据本发明第二实施例的湿气检测模块1中的湿敏传感器5的电路。该电路被布置成类似于图3中所示的电路。然而,在图4中,湿敏电阻器22被布置成使得在干燥状况下该电阻值低,而在潮湿状况下该电阻值高。为了达到这个目的,电阻器22包括在潮湿状况下膨胀从而使电阻器22的端部断电的材料。例如,所述材料可以包括加压棉(pressurized cotton)。因此,在电阻器20与从湿气吸收部分3排出的湿气接触时,谐振特性变得活跃。这样,湿敏传感器被布置用于在超出预定湿度时失效。
图5示出了根据本发明第三实施例的湿气检测模块1中的湿敏传感器5的电路。该电路被布置成类似于图4中所示的电路。湿敏电阻器22也被布置成使得在干燥状况(第一状态)下该电阻值低,以使谐振特性消失,而在潮湿状况(第二状态)下该电阻值变高,以便谐振特性活跃。另外,当电阻器22在某一时间段内保持潮湿(第三状态)时,该电阻值再次变低,从而使谐振电路短路。这样,湿敏传感器被布置成用于在传感器被激活后已经过预定时间段时失效。
图6a-c分别示出了图5中的传感器在第一状态、第二状态和第三状态时的立体示意图。该传感器包括两个端部23、24,当该传感器处于第一干燥状况下时,该两个端部23、24通过分别连接至第一和第二端部23、24的物理邻接的尖端25、26而处于导电状态,参见图6a。进一步地,传感器5包括棉花层27,所述棉花层27被容纳在腔体中并紧挨着尖端25、26。在第二状态下,参见图6b,棉花层27由于吸收湿气28而朝尖端25、26的方向膨胀,从而导致尖端25、26变形,使得它们的相互物理接触遭到破坏,且使得端部23、24断电。在该第二状态下,传感器由此被激活。进一步地,在第三状态下,参见图6c,棉花层27浸满湿气28并使尖端25、26再次电连接,以便使该传感器失效。因此,外部读取装置产生的警告信号(如听觉信号)可能会停止。
在使用根据本发明的湿气检测模块1期间,无源谐振电路与电磁询问场交互作用以便以非接触方式向读取装置31传送局部的湿气信息。
图7示出了根据本发明的读取装置31的示意图。读取装置31产生询问电磁场F,例如,具有例如大约8.2MHz的固定RF频率的信号,或具有大约7.7MHz与大约8.7MHz范围内的扫频的信号。当具有谐振特性的传感器5被激活时,该电路用作RF传输元件,也称为RF标签,传输由读取装置31接收的电磁响应信号R,从而获得用于监控卫生棉湿气状态的无线RF湿气检测系统。
图8示出了在根据本发明的进一步实施例中的湿气检测模块中的传感器的进一步实施例的示意图。该传感器包括调到特定RF谐振频率(例如约8.2MHz)的无源RF标签40,其包括并联布置的线圈41和电容器42。然而,如对于本领域技术人员明显的,在另一个实施例中,可以将该传感器设定到另一个RF谐振频率。所示传感器为所谓的EAS标签类型。在干燥状态下,该标签提供了电磁响应信号R。当该标签变湿时,使该线圈的电连接部分短路,从而使得该标签的响应信号变得越来越弱,最终可能甚至会太弱以至于它不再能被检测到。通过使用对湿气敏感的无源RF标签,获得廉价而有效的传感器实施方式。
本发明不局限于本文描述的实施例。应理解,许多变化形式都是可能的。
也可以不应用无源谐振电路,而使该湿气检测模块装有有源谐振电路。进一步地,可以将该模块布置成另一种传输元件类型,如有源带式天线。
进一步地,如果期望从外部关掉谐振电路,则可以施加具有相对高场强的局部电磁场,从而不可逆转地损坏线圈20的电路结构。
注意,取代使用湿敏电阻器,可将传感器布置成用于以另一种方式检测湿气,例如通过感测湿气依赖的电容器、感测将水转化成氢气和氧气的电解装置(所需的电流是衡量水量的标准)、感测湿气依赖的谐振材料(压电效应)、感测导热变化、感测材料变形、和/或感测光学变化(包括感测冷镜,即,测量温度变化的镜子上的液滴)。
另外,可以将补充层施加在传感器5与表面4(在卫生棉2的使用期间该表面4面向人的皮肤)之间,从而形成传感器5的缓冲垫和/或视觉覆盖物。该补充层可以例如为湿气不渗透覆盖层。
进一步注意,该湿气检测模块不仅可以与卫生棉组合使用,而且可以与必须对湿气状态加以监控的其它产品(例如,条带、敷料或液体引导设备,如具有接缝的管子)组合使用。
其它此类变化形式对于本领域技术人员而言是明显的,并被认为落在如所附权利要求中明确表达的本发明的范围内。
Claims (13)
1.一种监控卫生棉的湿气状态的湿气检测模块,包括湿敏传感器和覆盖所述传感器的湿气不渗透层,所述湿气不渗透层被布置成附着于卫生棉表面以使得所述湿敏传感器与所述卫生棉表面接触,在卫生棉被人使用期间所述卫生棉表面面向人的皮肤。
2.根据权利要求1所述的湿气检测模块,进一步包括覆盖所述湿气不渗透层的舒适顶层。
3.根据权利要求2所述的湿气检测模块,其中,所述舒适顶层包括生物相容性材料。
4.根据任一前述权利要求所述的湿气检测模块,其中,所述湿气不渗透层具有用于附着至所述卫生棉表面的粘合层。
5.根据任一前述权利要求所述的湿气检测模块,其中,所述湿敏传感器布置成在超出预定湿度的情况下失效。
6.根据任一前述权利要求所述的湿气检测模块,其中,所述湿敏传感器布置成在超出预定湿度的情况下激活。
7.根据权利要求6所述的湿气检测模块,其中,所述湿敏传感器布置成在所述传感器激活之后已经过了一预定时间段时失效。
8.根据任一前述权利要求所述的湿气检测模块,进一步包括用于传输电磁信号的传输元件。
9.根据权利要求8所述的湿气检测模块,其中,所述传输元件包括无源谐振电路。
10.一种卫生棉,包括湿气吸收部分和表面,所述表面定位成远离所述湿气吸收部分,并且在卫生棉被人使用期间面向人的皮肤,所述卫生棉进一步包括根据前述权利要求1-9中任一项所述的湿气检测模块,其中,所述湿敏传感器与所述卫生棉表面接触。
11.根据权利要求10所述的卫生棉,包括靠近人的腹部佩戴的前面部分和靠近人的背部佩戴的后面部分,其中所述湿气检测模块与所述前面部分之间的距离大于所述湿气检测模块与所述后面部分之间的距离。
12.根据权利要求11所述的卫生棉,其中,所述湿气检测模块安置在相对于所述前面部分与所述后面部分之间的距离的大约2/3与大约3/4的范围内。
13.一种用于阅读由包括在监控卫生棉湿气状态的湿气检测模块中的传输元件传输的电磁信号的读取装置,所述模块包括湿敏传感器和覆盖所述传感器的湿气不渗透层,所述湿气不渗透层布置成附着至卫生棉表面以使得所述湿敏传感器与所述卫生棉表面接触,在卫生棉被人使用期间所述卫生棉表面面向人的皮肤。
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EA201290019A1 (ru) | 2012-06-29 |
EA023505B1 (ru) | 2016-06-30 |
WO2011005096A1 (en) | 2011-01-13 |
AU2010269226B2 (en) | 2015-03-19 |
EP2452183A1 (en) | 2012-05-16 |
NL2003163C2 (en) | 2011-01-11 |
AU2010269226A1 (en) | 2012-02-09 |
US20120165772A1 (en) | 2012-06-28 |
CA2767525A1 (en) | 2011-01-13 |
US8962909B2 (en) | 2015-02-24 |
JP2012532655A (ja) | 2012-12-20 |
CA2767525C (en) | 2017-12-12 |
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