CN1025252C - 电池供电计算机的电源管理系统 - Google Patents

电池供电计算机的电源管理系统 Download PDF

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CN1025252C
CN1025252C CN91107576A CN91107576A CN1025252C CN 1025252 C CN1025252 C CN 1025252C CN 91107576 A CN91107576 A CN 91107576A CN 91107576 A CN91107576 A CN 91107576A CN 1025252 C CN1025252 C CN 1025252C
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computing machine
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power supply
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小F·J·卡诺瓦
N·A·卡茨
R·F·波利特
L·L·苏阿里茨
S·阿斯塔拉巴迪
C·W·弗兰克
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F1/00Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
    • G06F1/26Power supply means, e.g. regulation thereof
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F1/00Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
    • G06F1/16Constructional details or arrangements
    • G06F1/1613Constructional details or arrangements for portable computers
    • G06F1/1633Constructional details or arrangements of portable computers not specific to the type of enclosures covered by groups G06F1/1615 - G06F1/1626
    • G06F1/1637Details related to the display arrangement, including those related to the mounting of the display in the housing
    • G06F1/1647Details related to the display arrangement, including those related to the mounting of the display in the housing including at least an additional display
    • G06F1/165Details related to the display arrangement, including those related to the mounting of the display in the housing including at least an additional display the additional display being small, e.g. for presenting status information
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F1/00Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
    • G06F1/16Constructional details or arrangements
    • G06F1/1613Constructional details or arrangements for portable computers
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F1/00Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
    • G06F1/16Constructional details or arrangements
    • G06F1/1613Constructional details or arrangements for portable computers
    • G06F1/1633Constructional details or arrangements of portable computers not specific to the type of enclosures covered by groups G06F1/1615 - G06F1/1626
    • G06F1/1675Miscellaneous details related to the relative movement between the different enclosures or enclosure parts
    • G06F1/1677Miscellaneous details related to the relative movement between the different enclosures or enclosure parts for detecting open or closed state or particular intermediate positions assumed by movable parts of the enclosure, e.g. detection of display lid position with respect to main body in a laptop, detection of opening of the cover of battery compartment
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F1/00Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
    • G06F1/26Power supply means, e.g. regulation thereof
    • G06F1/32Means for saving power
    • G06F1/3203Power management, i.e. event-based initiation of a power-saving mode

Abstract

计算机有两个处理器。主处理器在操作系统控制下运行并提供计算机执行应用程序的总的控制。主处理器也可通过执行一定中断并控制电源控制寄存器以通断各设备的电源来帮助电源管理。电源管理处理器监视环境温度和湿度、电池状态,并产生作为预定变化结果的中断。该处理器也控制电池充电。逻辑装置响应预定状态也产生中断。

Description

本发明涉及数据处理领域,更具体地说,涉及电池供电的、带有高性能的、复杂的允许计算机在电池需重新充电或更换之前运行相当长时间的电池电源管理系统的计算机。
以下的同时提交的申请面向只在本文中作一般描述的那些发明:
(1)S.Astarabadi等的“个人计算机的电池电量监视器”。
(2)W.C.Frank等的“电池供电计算机响应环境传感器输入的操作暂停”。
(3)S.Astadadi等的“可泊接便携式算机的自动设备配置”。高性能便携计算机通常包括当计算机未插入到交流电源时运行计算机的主电池。所选电池的类型取决于尺寸、重量和电源要求并且最好是可充电的。尽管有很多种其尺寸从台式到膝上型、手持和袖珍型各不相同的电池供电计算机,但本发明打算用于例如目前在许多市场上可购得的膝上型中可获得的高性能系统中。通常大多数的这种计算机具有非常简单的电源管理系统。许多只提供低电池报警信号以让用户在计算机关闭之前将任何易失数据保存在磁盘上。
本发明的目的之一是提供一种用两个处理器的现代电源管理系统的电池供电计算机,该电源管理系统以这样方式监视电池电源并控制电源功率消耗使计算机一次充电可运行相当长时间。
本发明另一目的是提供一种可充电电池供电计算机的电源管理系统,其中电源管理功能分布在两处理器之间。
本发明另一目的是提供一种电池供电计算机,其中已放电电池可用第二已充电电池替代而不会损失数据,使得可在第一电池已放完电 时能恢复操作。
另一目的是提供一种在接通计算机的同时可使用各种储电措施节省电池能量的电池供电计算机。
本发明另一目的是允许用户选择电池使用目标,例如运行高性能或长的电池寿命的计算机。
本发明的另一目的是允许用户将计算机操作设置为一预定速度或自动计算机以使主处理器以降低的速度运行以节省能量。
简短地说,按照本发明,一个计算机有两个处理器。主处理器在操作系统控制下运行并提供对计算机的总的控制以执行应用程序。主处理器也有助于通过执行一定的中断和控制电源控制寄存器打开或关断各种设备的电源进行电源管理。电源管理处理器监视电池状态并随预定变化的结果而产生中断。这种处理器也控制电池的充电。逻辑装置响应预定条件也产生中断。
本发明的其它目的和优点结合附图,从下面的说明便可一目了然。附图中:
图1是实施本发明的电池供电计算机的方框图;
图2是图1所示图符显示的平面视图;
图3是说明图1所示电源分配系统的方框图;
图4是PMP软件中断处理程序操作的流程图;
图5是A/M开关处理程序操作的流程图;
图6是“等待事件”操作的流程图;
图7是恢复处理程序操作的主流程图;
图8是睡眠恢复操作的流程图;
图9是暂停操作的流程图。
参考附图,先看图1,计算机10可选择地用电池11或交流电源运行。计算机10包含诸如80386SX微处理器的高性能微处理器的主处理器12。 处理器12是计算机10中的主处理器用以在诸如IBM    DOS或OS2操作系统控制下执行应用程序。处理器12连接到系统总线14,该总线再连接到诸如背光液晶显示器(LCD)20、软磁盘驱动器(FDD)16、硬磁盘驱动器(HDD)18的I/O设备。总线14也连接到动态随机存取存储器(DRAM)22、只读存储器(ROM)24、后备电池,下文称为CMOS26的容性金属氧化物半导体存储器。这些元件为常规的并且目前在市场上可以诸如膝上型计算机的便携计算机形式买到的。由于本发明旨在对电池电源的管理或控制,所以仅对理解本发明所必须的普通元件的结构和操作加以说明。
FDD16有自己的控制器并在未存取该驱动器时关断电源消耗。HDD18的电源由本发明的电源管理功能加以控制,并允许用户设置时延长度,即当已在该延迟长度内未存取HDD时便关掉HDD的电源。一旦以后对该盘存取便恢复电源。LCD20使用两个电源输入用以独立控制LCD屏的消隐和该屏的背后光照从而改善可视度。DRAM22是计算机主存储器并存储应用和操作系统程序为主处理器12所执行。ROM24存储各种在下文详述的中断处理程序。CMOS26存储关于用户选择和控制标记的信息,细节如下所述。
总线14还连接到电源控制寄存器(PCR)108,电源管理处理器(PMP)30。PMP30最好是自身带有RAM、ROM、16位CPL、8位模拟输入管脚、监视计时器(WDT)和用于将各种信息发送到由PMP控制和监视的设备以及接收来自由PMP控制和监视的设备的各种信息的16个数字I/O管脚的Hitachi控制器芯片330/H8。PMP30除了执行电源管理功能外还连接到键盘28监视该键盘的操作。当一键激活或按下时,PMP30监视触片弹起并在触片闭合和打开时产生一键扫描码,其工作方式和先有技术个人计算机中监控键盘功能的专用微处理器相同。PMP30包括如下文所述加以使用的监视计时器(WDT)32。PMP30以时间片循环方式扫描各线路,为那些需要PMP的线路提供服务而迅速通过那 些不需要服务的线路。PMP30有4个在PMP30及MP12间共享的内部寄存器用于其间通信。
PMP30监视或测试环境温度(AT)和电池的特性,即电池电压(V),电流(I)和温度(BT),并且利用这一信息来控制电池充电及电源消耗。所述测试是利用四个运算放大器38-1至38-4来进行的,四个运算放大器分别与热敏电阻46连接、与连接于电池11的电阻器40连接、与电阻器40并连、以及与安装在电池11盒内的热敏电阻42连接。运算放大器组38中的每一个都与PMP30的不同模拟输入34连接。线路44连接在PMP30和运算放大器38-3之间,以便允许将预定值的信号传送给该放大器,并且进而依此校准测试结果。PMP30还与湿度传感器48和比较器49相连接,当计算机10内环境湿度高于或低于预设值时,比较器49会产生一数字输入指示。当湿度超过所述预设值时,如果计算机10处于关机状态则阻止其启动,或者如果处于暂停状态则阻止其重新运行。更进一步地关于监视所述环境条件的详细说明在前面提到的相关申请(2)中有所描述并且列入其权利要求之中。
当计算机由交流电源供电时,电池11被充电。当电池能量低于完全充电电平就会出现这种充电过程,并持续到电池完全充电为止。当电池能级低于完全充电电平时,如由PMP30所确定或查明的,而该计算机与交流电源相连时PMP30就会在线路51上发出一信号来开启内部充电器50。充电器控制电池充电的速率。当电池已达到完全充电时,如由PMP30确定或查明的,PMP30就会在线路51上发出一关闭充电器50的信号。
“或”门54用于在三个输入条件下复位PMP30:当系统电压变为“正常”(“good”)如已安装已充电电池时,响应恢复信号,和当交流电源适配器已连接时。所述条件分别在线路58、60和62上作为“信号电压正常”、“恢复”和“交流电源适配器连接”加以馈送。 当机盖关闭时,系统暂停和绝大多数电源被切断。由于PMP30被用来控制充电器,因此PMP30需要它自己的电源,以便在机盖关闭期间允许电池被重新充电。由此在交流电源适配器接通电源和计算机时复位PMP30。线路62指示何时适配器被连接。
PMP30控制一图符显示装置52,该显示装置产生三个图符如图2所示。图符在面板129上形成,面板129装在计算机外壳上引用户注意的位置。在电池11正充电时则增辉充电图符130。该图符的形式是指向电池的箭头。电池形状的燃料图符136包含三个面板137。当电池11电量充足,三个面板全都增辉。随着电源的消耗,面板依次关闭用以表示2/3满电量,1/3满电量。当剩余电池能量过低时,所有三个面板和整个图符136全都闪烁来表示电池能量用完。暂停图符134有一关于这种功能的标准形状和当计算机10处于暂停方式时该图符134被增辉。在恢复运行期间闪烁该图符和在恢复完成后计算机投入正常运行时关闭该图符。显示器52控制及操作的进一步细节在上述相关申请(1)中公开并说明。
当电池11放电后,PMP30在线72上输出一低电池(LOW    BATTERY)信号并在线118上提供报警信号。线72与“或”门76连接,该“或”门在输入线74上也接收到机盖关闭(LID    CLOSE)信号。“与”门78接收“或”门76的输出以及线80上的未泊接(NOT    DOCKED)信号。计算机10也可以与泊接站(未示出)连接,该泊接站是一扩展装置以便使AT卡同系统连接,当计算机10不与泊接站连接时响应低电池信号由门78产生一未泊接(NOT    DOCKED)信号。门78的输出是一暂停信号,该信号由线82馈送给多路转换器MUX96并控制系统被暂停的时间。总之,当系统未泊接和机盖关闭和(或)电池放电完毕时,则系统被暂停。关于泊接站的更详尽的说明包含在相关申请(3)中。
MUX96有多个输入端,这些输入端的任何有效输入都由MUX监视和 轮询。根据任一线路上检测的有效输入,MUX在输出线98上产生一中断请求信号“PMP中断”及在线99上的编码信号,该编码信号表示或标识具有有效信号的具体输入线。线98和99与控制器100连接。控制器100是一Western    Digital(西部数字)公司的76C10,它包含一用以控制LCD20的背后光照的计时器106。当键盘或鼠标器活动出现在显示器20上时,计时器106被复位。计时器累加到一预设值,当达到该预设值时,在保持背后光亮同时关掉显示器。控制器100通过线102连接到处理器12,用以按照其结构中断该处理器和按照中断的具体类型执行电源管理中断处理程序。当电源在恢复操作之后接通时,控制器在线104上输出一信号来复位电源控制寄存器。
线64连接在PMP30和MUX96之间,当在PMP30内执行的软件触发一中断时,接收到有效的PMP软件中断信号。在参照图4描述的监视超时、温度过高、和低电池条件下,上述情况就会发生。比较器70与MUX96的输入线66连接,并有一输入线68用以接收表示系统电压的信号。该输入与比较器70中的预设内部值相比较,当输入是正常的5伏电平时,产生一电压正常(V.GOOD)信号从而初始化电源管理中断。系统电压是可调整的变换器142(图3)输出端的电压。当电池11换成已充电的电池时和当交流电源被接通时,所述电压正常(V.GOOD)信号就会出现。
另一MUX的输入线84与锁存器86连接,该锁存器从“或”门87的输出端接收一输入,而“或”门87有三个输入端90、92和94分别接收日时间报警信号TOD    ALARM、机盖打开(LID    OPENED)信号和调制解调器振铃(MODEM    RING)信号。锁存器86的输出是一恢复(RESUME)信号,用以将计算机从暂停方式切换为活动方式。当机盖打开、调制解调器振铃和一天的时间已到时,就会出现这种切换动作。所述后两个信号允许计算机被操作,即使机盖是关闭的状态,从而给予用户接 收调制解调信号的机会,例如那些与传真机(FAX)联机运行,或在一定天时完成一任务,即发出警告信号如闹钟响铃。另一MUX输入端与自动/手动开关A/M83相连接,以便当开关位置变换时产生电源中断信号。
在电池电源驱动下,计算机10以活动和暂停两种不同方式操作。当活动时,处理器12以预选的速度运行,该速度依赖于开关83的设置和用户手动速度的选择。一个应用程序也可以通过关闭处理器12的Vcc输入方式(如下所述)来关掉处理器12的电源。处理器12与一时钟速率控制110连接,该时钟速度控制110是控制器100的部件并产生三个预定的5、10和20兆赫芝(MHz)的时钟速率。当计算机在电池电源或交流电源驱动下运行时,处理器以20MHz或预选的速率运行。当在电池电源驱动下运行时,处理器12根据可设置成手动或自动位置的开关83的设置以5、10或20MHz运行。当设置在手动位置时,处理器12以用户预选的速率运行。当开关设置在自动位置上时,处理器12根据用户预先选择的能量管理两种选择中的一种来运行,所述两种选择是“高性能”选择或“长寿电池”选择。处理器速度根据选取的选择项自动地加以管理。当计算机处在活动方式时,包括键盘在内的各种装置的活动都被监视而在预定时限期内没有活动时,处理器转变为通过其Vcc输入关闭处理器的“睡眠”(“sleep”)状态。这种状态对用户是透明的,显示并不受影响。
一“或”门114用来自音频发生器116或线118的音频激励扬声器112。当系统从满电量到2/3电量、和2/3到1/3电量、以及系统暂停前三分钟时,所述音频都会发生变化。当系统暂停和恢复和键盘键有微小静电干扰声时产生不同的音频。音频发生器116由处理器12执行中断程序来控制。
对于各单独装置的电源的实际通和断由PCR108的设置控制,PCR 108的设置则由执行中断处理程序的处理器12来控制。处理器12控制寄存器108的设置以便提供输出信号用以控制供LCD消隐的电源,鼠标键盘电源、选择项电源、HDD电源、背后光照电源、主处理器、面板电源、和RS232驱动器电源。寄存器108还提供用以由复位线85复位锁存器86的信号。
电池11最好选用可反复充电的镍镉(NiCad)电池,因为该种电池每单位重量瓦特小时和每单体积瓦特小时比率高。在过去几年的使用中,已证明该种电池的制造技术是成功的,所以提供给用户作为相对便宜、容易得到的替换电池。如本领域的技术人员所了解的,本文所用的某些电源管理技术概括为可反复充电和不可反复充电两类电池。其它技术一般系指可充电电池而言。其它诸如作为BT.V和I的函数的运行油量计和确定电池能量或燃料水平具体算法,并局限于镍镉(NiCad)电池。用镍镉电池的困难在于剩余能量与例如电压之间的关系不是线性的。放电控制也可能与其它型号的电池不同。
目前电池供电的计算机有时有一低电池指示器,当该指示器激活时,该指示器提供给用户一关于剩余多少时间的相当不确切的信号。在计算机10中,电池最好一直用到完全放电完毕而运行暂停为止。然后用户可以取下放完电的电池而换上充满电的电池或插入交流适配器。这样的操作有其额外的优点,电池放完电可避免电池存储的影响。
电池11还与电源分配系统(PDS)122连接,详细布局一般如图3所示。电池11由线146连接到稳压DC/DC变换器142,该变换器142可将电池电压(在12至9伏范围变化)转换为5伏系统电压。系统电压稳定在接近例如2%容差之内。线150连接到变换器142的输出端,并与多个场效应晶体管(FET)相连接,场效应晶体管(FET)向各种装置供电。电源控制寄存器108的输出线分别连接到各FET的控制输入端,因此它们能依据控制寄存器的设置来开关。如图2所示,线150与 FET158和160连接,FET158和160的输出线166和168供电给例如硬盘驱动器HDD18和液晶显示器20。如图1所示,电源线123与FET120连接,线124则连接在FET120和MP    POWER(MP电源)信号输出线之间。FET120的输出馈送给处理器12的Vcc输入并当应用程序调用BIOS(基本输入输出系统)等待循环时用来将处理器关断。
后备电池140由线152连接到第二个DC/DC变换器144。电池140供给较低的电压(3.3伏),其由变换器144升压到系统电压电平和用来当主电池已取出替换时向DRAM22供电。充电器146连接到线148,只要电池11有电量就可以从电池11向电池140充电。
ROM24存储基本输入/输出操作系统(BIOS),BIOS包括各种电源管理中断处理程序和用于处理PMP中断和完成现在将要描述的某些电源管理功能的程序。参照图4,PMP中断处理程序170要做出一系列关于中断的类型的判定,然后根据这些判定执行操作。步骤172-180分别确定中断是否是监视计时器超时中断、环境温度过高或超出范围引起的中断、低电池中断、机盖关闭中断、或A/M开关中断。如果步骤172-178中的判断全都是否定的,步骤180做出肯定判断,步骤182转至图5所示的A/M开关处理程序202。若步骤180得出否定的判断结果时,则步骤184将中断作为来自未知源(例如伪线路噪音)对待并返回。
如果步骤172断定中断来自监视计时器,则步骤186确定是否存在一正在进行的暂停,即暂停操作已开始但被延迟并还未完成。若果如此,步骤188就重新开始暂停程序。若是否定,则步骤190递减少暂停超时。下一步骤192判定任一I/O装置是否在活动。如果是,步骤194复位暂停超时。如果否,则步骤198确定所述超时是否已过。若否,步骤196返至在处理的应用程序。若是,则步骤200启动暂停程序。来自步骤174-178的肯定判断也转至步骤200启动暂停程序。
在启动图5所示A/M开关处理程序202时,步骤104依据开关83的位置转移到步骤206或者216。如果开关设置在自动位置上,步骤206判断用户是否已选择将运行的系统提供以高性能或长的电池寿命的方式运行。对高性能,步骤208建立中央处理器(CPU)时钟(通过时钟速度控制110),以使高和低两种速度运行都取20MHz。对于长电池寿命,步骤214建立时钟使高速以20MHz运行、低速以5MHz运行。步骤210随即清除CMOS中的“手动”标记而在步骤212返至应用程序。如果开关设置在手动位置,步骤216从CMOS拷贝用户已预选的手动速度,以便对手动速度将时钟设置在5、10或20MHz。然后步骤218在CMOS中设置“手动”标记和步骤212再返回。
参照图6,当应用程序对BIOS做出“等待事件”调用时,例程220被调用。该例程允许用户有机会通过关闭处理器12和设置其为睡眠(sleep)状态来节省电池溢出电流。步骤222判断是否“手动”标记已置位。若是,步骤224返回。若否,则步骤226确定当前操作是否是第一次通过例行程序202,若是,转移至步骤228允许PMP中断。步骤230判断计算机是否有V86工作方式。若是,步骤232设置CPU时钟从而以5MHz运行,步骤234返回。若否,步骤236存储处理器中全部实际模式CPU寄存器。然后步骤238设置停止码指明睡眠状态。步骤240然后保持CPU并关闭至Vcc的电源以便有效地提供0MHz速度使处理器12处于睡眠状态(步骤242)。
恢复处理程序244(图7)首先闪烁暂停图符(步骤246)以表示恢复操作在进行中。其次,步骤248恢复计算机10中存在的任何FAX和调制解调器(未示出)的参数设置。然后步骤250恢复对HDD18和FDD16的参数设置。步骤252清除任何正在进行的中断。步骤254和256分别关闭暂停图符以表示恢复已完成和使音频发生器发出表示恢复操作结束的特定声音。然后,步骤258恢复DRAM22中存储的时间和日期,步 骤260恢复全部CPU寄存器,和步骤262返回至应用程序。
当处理器12处于睡眠状态时,供给处理器12的电源被切断。由键盘中断来调用睡眠恢复的例行程序264(图8),该键盘中断首先置位PCR  108激活MP    POWER(MP电源)信号并恢复处理器电源。例行程序264首先在步骤266复位CPU。步骤268分析停止码。如果该码的设置不是表示睡眠方式,步骤274分支至恢复处理程序。如果停止码表示睡眠模式,步骤270则恢复CPU寄存器,步骤272返回。
参照图9,当除DRAM22外计算机已关机时,暂停处理程序280响应SUSPEND(暂停)信号被执行并通常完成关闭除CMOS26外的系统全部电源的任务,CMOS26有自备电源以便保存所存储的信息。当执行处理程序280时,下面的一些操作就会发生。首先,步骤282判断是否有任一外部设备处于忙状态。若无,则步骤292禁止向LCD20、LCD的背后照光和HDD18供电。主处理器12中的CPU寄存器的内容则由步骤294存储在DRAM22中。当计算机随之复位时,则由步骤296置位CMOS26中的停止标记以引导恢复操作。其次,步骤298存储平面中的和诸如调制解调器、可选设备等外围设备中的寄存器内容。一旦开始后续恢复操作,步骤300设置硬件复位CPU,步骤302则禁止向其余的平面设备、调制解调器、VGA、通讯接口、和键盘/鼠标器供电,办法是设置存储在PCR108中的相应的控制位。步骤304关闭CPU并使之处于停止状态。如果步骤282所做出的判断是一个或多个外围设备一直处在忙状态,步骤284则要求来自PMP30的监视计时器延迟,步骤286返回到应用程序。这一作用具有由线288示意性表明、引起一时间延迟以便等待任一忙着的设备变为空闲的效果。之后,重复步骤282产生关于设备忙否的否定判断,并如上所述完成始自步骤292的否定分支操作。
显然,对于本领域的熟练技术人员来说,在不脱离所附权利要求所定义本发明范围的情况下,在细节上和部分上以及步骤安排上都可 以做出许多改变。

Claims (6)

1、一种电池供电的计算机(10),带有一个在一操作系统控制下执行应用程序的主处理器(12),多个I/O设备(18,20)和用于存贮为所述主处理器(12)执行的所述应用程序和所述操作系统的动态随机存取存贮器(DRAM)(22),该计算机的特征在于,还包括:
包括有一电源控制寄存器(108)的电源分配系统(122,图3),该寄存器在所述主处理器(12)的控制下控制所述计算机(10)中的电源分配,所述电源分配系统可连接到一可替换的主电池(11),用于给所述计算机(10)供电而操作所述主处理器(12)、所述I/O设备(18,20)和所述DRAM(22),所述电源分配系统还可连接到一备用电池(140),用于在所述主电池(11)被除去时给所述DRAM(22)供电;
所述电源控制寄存器(108)联接到所述电池分配系统的不同线上,并具有由主处理器(12)选择性地设定的不同的比特,为沿所述线分配的电源提供通断控制;
第一监视装置(40,42,44,46,38-1,38-2,38-3,38-4,48,49),包括连接所述电源分配系统用以监视包括所述主电池电源电平的预定状态并根据预定的第一状态的出现产生中断请求的电源管理处理器(PMP)(30),所述监视装置可响应变得基本上放完电的所述主电池(11)而运行产生暂停中断请求;
与所述第一监视装置相连接的中断装置(100,96,98,99),包括响应来自所述第一监视装置的所述暂停中断请求将中断请求信号发送到所述主处理器的中断控制器(100);
连接到所述主处理器(12)的存储装置(24),用于存储多个包括暂停中断处理程序(280)的中断处理程序;
所述主处理器(12)响应来自所述中断处理装置的所述中断请求以有选择地执行所述中断处理程序并根据该中断处理程序设置所述电源控制寄存器(108)从而控制所述计算机(10)的电源分配,可运行所述处理器(12)在所述主电池(11)变为基本放完电时立即执行所述暂停处理程序(280),以先将所述处理器(12)的CPU信息存储在所述DRAM(22)中,并给所述计算机(10)断电,从而由所述后备电池(140)在所述主电池被取出更换时保持所述DRAM中的信息,
响应所述电源分配系统(122)到一电源的连接的恢复装置(244,图7),在所述主电池取出后,给所述计算机供电,将所述DRAM的所述CPU信息恢复到所述处理器中,并恢复所述计算机的正常运行,
一时钟速度控制器(110),可选择性地设定,以多个予定的速率之一操作所述主处理器,
用于存储用户可选择的用于产生高性能或长电池寿命的性能目标的非易失存储器(110),
速度控制装置(202-212,图5),其连接使有选择地设定所述时钟速度控制器,该速度控制装置响应所述性能目标,根据这个目标设定所述速度,并当选择所述高性能目标时以高频率操作所述主处理器,根据系统的活动性通过在高速度和低速率间的切换来运行所述主处理器。
2、如权利要求1所述计算机,其特征在于,所述恢复装置(244)包含用于监视所述电源分配系统(122)中的系统电压的第二监视装置(70),所述第二监视装置可响应将充完电的后备电池连接到所述电源分配系统使所述系统电压达到预定值而运行。
3、如权利要求1所述计算机,其特征在于,所述PMP(30)在所述主电池(11)变得基本放完电时产生一低电池信号;以及
所述第一监视装置包含与所述PMP(30)和所述中断装置相连接的用于将所述低电池信号转换为所述暂停中断请求的逻辑装置(76,78),所述逻辑装置还可运行将指示计算机盖已关闭的信号变换为第二暂停中断请求,可运行所述处理器响应产生所述第二暂停中断请求的逻辑装置而进一步执行所述暂停处理程序。
4、如权利要求1所述计算机,其特征在于,含有一个可连接到所述主电池的可有选择地激活的内部主电池充电器(50),以及
用于将所述计算机连接到AC电源的装置,所述PMP可在所述计算机连接到所述交流电源时运行,以监视所述主电池,而在所述主电池低于充满电平时接通所述充电器。
5、根据权利要求2的计算机,其特征在于,
所述中断装置包括一存储在所述计算机中的恢复中断处理程序;
所述主处理器还响应一恢复中断请求执行所述恢复处理程序以把CPU信息从所述DRAM恢复到所述主处理器并给所述计算机供电。
6、如权利要求1所述计算机,其特征在于,第二逻辑装置(86,87)连接到所述中断装置用以响应代表从计算机盖关/开、系统电压电平,天时报警和调制解调器振铃一组信号选出状态的信号的接收而产生中断请求。
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