CN102524182B - Method for collecting Chinese gallnut spring migrant aphids with double-layer plastic film thermal-insulation shed - Google Patents
Method for collecting Chinese gallnut spring migrant aphids with double-layer plastic film thermal-insulation shed Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for collecting Chinese gallnut spring migrant aphids with a double-layer plastic film thermal-insulation shed. The double-layer plastic film thermal-insulation shed is built by using bamboo materials, plastic film and the like, is rain proof and wind proof, has good warming effect and can avoid disastrous weather, such as temperature reduction, rainfall and the like from influencing migration of the spring migrant aphids and help the Chinese gallnut spring migrant aphids to migrate successfully. The double-layer plastic film thermal-insulation shed has the characteristics of scientific design, convenience for assembly and disassembly, low cost, ventilation, high insect-collecting efficiency and the like, is capable of realizing large-scale collection of the spring migrant aphids and is suitable for large-scale popularization and application to production.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the breeding method of insect, be specifically related to a kind of double-plastic insulation canopy and collect the method that the gall nut spring moves aphid.
Background technology
Gall nut is that some aphid of goiter sponge Aphididae colonizes on Chinese sumac, redpunjab sumac root, the blue or green bran Poplar leaves, stimulates leaf texture's hyperplasia to expand and the general name of the various insect galls that form, is the important woods special product product of China and the commodity of exporting goods and earning foreign currency.Gall nut is not only a kind of important Chinese medicine, and be the primary raw material of producing chemical products such as tannic acid, gallic acid and pyrogallic acid, of many uses in industries such as medicine, chemical industry, weaving, mining and metallurgy, agricultural, food, environmental protection, light industry and electronics.China's gall nut output accounts for more than 95% of Gross World Product, is world-famous for greatly with tannic acid content height, of fine quality, amount, is called as " Chinese gall nut " (Chinensis Gallnuts).Can form gallic aphid, common name times aphid.The gall nut aphid is a kind of different host's complete period biotype aphid, to experience fundatrix, aptery fundatrigenia in life, the wing fundatrigenia is arranged, survive the winter as if aphid, have the wing spring to move aphid types such as aphid (sexupara), male and female sexuale, wherein the spring is moved the important aphid type that aphid is connection mosses and host tree, realize the conversion of times aphid from winter host mosses to the summer host tree by migrating of it, the how much directly gallic output of influence of its quantity, therefore, to move the emergence of aphid and migrate always be the emphasis of gall nut artificial culture research the spring.
The foster aphid in extensive employing moss garden is gone up in present production, the collection spring moves aphid and hangs up sexuale is that main gall nut artificial breeding technique improves gallic output, the gallic knot of expansion times scope, wherein collects the spring and moves the key link that aphid is the gall nut artificial culture.It is very little that the gall nut spring is moved the aphid individuality, and it is indifferent independently to migrate, and can only do the short distance low flight under the condition of calm or gentle breeze, and it is very big that the process of migrating is influenced by temperature and humidity.The phase of migrating that spring is moved aphid occurs in the annual 2-3 month, and this moment, most of gall nut main producing region was in early spring, though the temperature bottom out, the temperature difference is big sooner or later, and climatic variation is fast.The low temperature of short-term, humidity and rainy meeting have a strong impact on the spring and move migrating of aphid, make the spring move the aphid mortality, cause gall nut output to descend significantly, have restricted the promotion and application of gall nut artificial breeding technique.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of double-plastic insulation canopy and collects the method that the gall nut spring moves aphid, utilize bamboo and wood materials, plastic film etc. to build, flashing, wind proofing, heat up effective, can avoid diastrous weathers such as temperature decline, rainfall that the spring is moved the influence that aphid migrates, help the gall nut spring to move aphid and successfully migrate.The present invention realizes as follows:
(1) spring moves aphid collection place and is chosen in the tailo that physical features is open, the gradient slow, the sunshine time is long, no shrub and as close as possible foster aphid moss garden in the place;
(2) on the place that chooses, build high 2 meters, the wide 1 meter frame in the left and right sides with standing, length is decided according to physical features, frame upwards divides 6～7 layers from ground, every interlayer is used fixedly horizontal stripe of thicker bamboo or batten earlier between the column of front and back, put the tiling of some bamboos or batten between the horizontal stripe of the left and right sides again, the fixing back of the bamboo of every interlayer or batten colligation is used for placing and supporting the moss piece; About two wood column top fixed cross beams, the crossbeam two ends choose respectively, a middle perpendicular gin pole that exceeds crossbeam is used for supporting adventitia;
(3) when the aphid on the moss garden begins to migrate, the moss dish is brought up to frame, when putting on the shelf, the moss dish begins to put from the upper strata, successively pile; Get bamboo chip or crude iron silk and insert top layer and bottom respectively up and down in the thick bamboo tube of relative bamboo basketry, middle outwards bow, the radian of bow is consistent as far as possible, receives the aphid inner membrance in order to support better;
(4) ceiling and the outside cover with the white plastic film, and the place that both sides and ground join is imbedded in the soil sideling, form the adventitia of frame; The coverings such as dark material such as brown paper of internal layer membrane top and two, the side-by-side mounting plastic film, the top is suspended on the horizontal stripe with long bamboo pole crimping, and following warp becomes pocketed, is fixed on the column with drawing pin, and Jiang Biankou obturages; Film is curved under the support of arc bamboo chip, and the spring migrates to the light place of both sides after moving aphid and taking off from the moss piece, falls in the following anti-pocket after bumping against film; The spring of collecting moves aphid and installed in the worm bag on the same day.
The spring of described step (1) moves aphid collection place and preferably selects Nan Po or slope, southwest.
The column of described step (2) is selected steel pipe, pin or bamboo; The every interlayer that is used for placement and support moss piece is high 20～25 centimetres; The gin pole that is used for the support adventitia exceeds 50 centimetres on crossbeam, and the crossbeam two ends are chosen 1 meter respectively.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: by building double-plastic insulation canopy, the adventitia flashing, wind proofing, inner membrance is received the aphid insulation, temperature of shed has under the solar radiation than natural temperature height, particularly fine day, and temperature of shed raises very fast, for the gall nut spring moves migrating of aphid good environmental condition is provided, promote concentrating, migrating fast of aphid, improve the success rate of migrating, lay a good foundation for improving gall nut output.
The climatic characteristic that the present invention moves migrate habit and the gall nut producing region of aphid according to the gall nut spring designs; have design science, folding dress is convenient, with low cost, ventilated and characteristics such as receipts worm efficient height; can realize that the spring moves the scale of aphid, intensive collection, be fit to produce and go up large-scale promotion application.The present invention is not only applicable to the cultivation of bight aphid, is applicable to the cultivation of tripe times aphid and iron times aphid yet.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is double-plastic insulation canopy front schematic view of the present invention.
Number in the figure is: 1-gin pole, 2-adventitia, 3-crossbeam, 4-moss piece, 5-inner membrance, 6-column, 7-aphid.
Embodiment
Implementation step of the present invention comprises the selection of receiving the aphid place, receive that the aphid canopy is built, the moss dish is put on the shelf, the spring moves that aphid is collected and series matching technology such as pack, specifies implementation step below in conjunction with Fig. 1:
(1) receives the selection in aphid place: according to gall nut main producing region many low temperature overcast and rainy days in spring, climatic characteristic that fitful wind is stronger, move the habit of migrating of aphid in conjunction with the spring, spring moves aphid collection place and should be chosen in the tailo that physical features is comparatively open, the gradient slow, the sunshine time is long, preferably Nan Po or southwest are sloping, be beneficial to be rapidly heated, if have level land or grain-sunning ground better, no shrub in the place.Ground grading is removed weeds.In order to shorten the distance of carrying moss dish, receive the aphid place and want as close as possible foster aphid moss garden.
(2) double-plastic insulation canopy, namely receive the aphid canopy and build: on smooth good level land, build with pin, batten and bamboo high 2 meters, wide 1 meter frame.Length is decided according to physical features, and per 2 meters are divided into 1 lattice, and total number of divisions can be decided according to physical features.Frame upwards divides 6～7 layers from ground, and interlayer is high 20～25 centimetres, every interlayer earlier on 6 on front and back column with the fixing horizontal stripe of thicker bamboo batten, put 4 bamboo battens tilings between horizontal stripe again, 30 centimetres of spacings, colligation is fixed.The bamboo batten of 3 meters long of crossbearers on two wood column tops, two ends are chosen 1 meter respectively and are crossbeam 3, and beam top is connected with the bamboo batten.Perpendicular bamboo batten exceeds pin and is gin pole 1 for 50 centimetres in the middle of the crossbeam, is used for supporting adventitia 2.
(3) moss dish is put on the shelf: before moving aphid and migrate in the spring, remove foreign material such as weeds on the moss piece 4, dry branches and fallen leaves.Wax ball on the sampling observation moss branch when finding the wax ball fractured, is survived the winter if aphid creeps between the moss branch, and body colour deepens or wing bud when forming, and the moss dish is brought up to frame.The moss dish that is planted on the bamboo basketry can directly be put on the shelf, plantation on the ground or the moss piece on the woven bag can be with a small amount of mamoty to rise earlier, carry on frame with the bamboo plank again, it is diffusing that the moss piece is not done, and prevents from damaging the aphid that survives the winter.Begin to put from the upper strata when moss dish is put on the shelf, successively pile.Get bamboo chip or crude iron silk and insert top layer and bottom respectively up and down in the thick bamboo tube of relative bamboo basketry, middle outwards bow, the radian of bow is consistent as far as possible, receives the aphid film in order to support better.
(4) spring is moved the aphid collection: top and the outside of receiving the aphid canopy all cover with the white plastic film, imbed in the soil sideling with the place that ground joins, form the adventitia of frame, main insulation and the windproof and rain proof of plaing a part, two cross-peens hang materials such as dark woven cloth, be incubated windproofly, and make things convenient for personnel to pass in and out.The coverings such as dark material such as brown paper of internal layer top and two, the side-by-side mounting plastic film forms inner membrance 5, just receives the worm film.Receipts worm film top is suspended on the crossbeam with 2.2 meters long bamboo pole crimping, and following warp becomes pocketed, is fixed on the column with drawing pin, and Jiang Biankou obturages.Film is curved under the support of arc bamboo chip, and the spring migrates to the light place of both sides after moving aphid and taking off from the moss piece, falls in the following anti-pocket after bumping against film.Receive the worm film and hang every afternoon 17～18 collection general morning.Two people cooperate when receiving worm, take off fixing drawing pin from top to down earlier, an end of people's handbag, and an end improves, and the spring moves aphid and skids off along pocket from the other end, pours in the smooth containers such as basin, dish, and the thickness that aphid 7 is piled up is not above 1 centimetre.
(5) spring is moved aphid pack: the spring moves and begins to produce sexuale after aphid generally migrated 2 hours, produces the aphid phase to continue 1～2 day, wherein about 85% produces sexuale in 24 hours, and therefore the spring of collecting moves aphid and should install in the worm bag on the same day, can not surpass the 2nd day morning at the latest.Worm bag planted agent moves aphid at pack into spring of suitable quantity, and general every bag is 100.The worm bag places in the ventilated containers such as bamboo basket, bamboo sieve, and preserve the ventilation under the room temperature.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1: in Chuan Zhu township, Emeishan City, Sichuan Province lotus leaf villager group, build double-plastic insulation canopy 2 at the farmland of 1050 meters of height above sea level in March, 2009, and the length and width height of each canopy is respectively 8 * 1 * 2 meters, and a collection angle times spring is moved aphid.
(1) place is selected: near the farmland of supporting aphid moss garden, be chosen in physical features is open, the gradient slow, the sunshine time is long Nan Po or southwestern sloping level land, ground grading is removed weeds.
(2) receiving the aphid canopy builds: on smooth good level land, build with pin, batten and bamboo high 2 meters, wide 1 meter frame, length is 8 meters, per 2 meters are divided into 1 lattice, being divided into is 4 lattice.Frame upwards divides 6 layers from ground, and interlayer is high 25 centimetres, and every interlayer is used fixedly horizontal stripe of thicker bamboo batten earlier between the column of front and back, puts 4 bamboo battens tilings between horizontal stripe again, 30 centimetres of spacings, and colligation is fixed.The bamboo batten of 3 meters long of crossbearers on two wood column tops, two ends are chosen 1 meter respectively, and the horizontal stripe top is connected with the bamboo batten, and perpendicular bamboo batten exceeds 50 centimetres of pins in the middle of the horizontal stripe.
(3) moss dish is put on the shelf: before moving aphid and migrate in the spring, remove foreign material such as weeds on the moss piece, dry branches and fallen leaves.Wax ball on the sampling observation moss branch when finding the wax ball fractured, is survived the winter if aphid climbs out of, and body colour deepens or wing bud when forming, and the moss dish is brought up to frame.Get bamboo chip and insert top layer and bottom respectively up and down in the thick bamboo tube of relative bamboo basketry, middle outwards bow.
(4) spring is moved the aphid collection: top and the outside of receiving the aphid canopy all cover with the white plastic film, imbed sideling in the soil with the place that ground joins, and form the adventitia of frame, and two cross-peens hang dark woven cloth.Internal layer top and two cover with brown paper, the side-by-side mounting plastic film, and the top is suspended on the horizontal stripe with 2.2 meters long bamboo pole crimping, and following warp becomes pocketed, is fixed on the column with drawing pin, and Jiang Biankou obturages.Film is curved under the support of arc bamboo chip, and the spring migrates to the light place of both sides after moving aphid and taking off from the moss piece, falls in the following anti-pocket after bumping against film.Receive the worm film and hang every morning, check and accept worm afternoon 17～18, deposits in the smooth containers such as basin, dish.
(5) spring is moved the aphid pack: the spring of collection moves aphid and installed in the worm bag on the same day, and every bag is 100.The worm bag places in the ventilated containers such as bamboo basket, bamboo sieve, and preserve the ventilation under the room temperature.
An angle times spring moves aphid and migrates in a large number since on March 16th, 2009, to end of day in March 25, continues 10 days, and through Emeishan City State Forestry Administration, P.R. China investigation statistics: collect the spring altogether and move 2.06 ten thousand bags of aphids, 2.15 ten thousand of aphids (subordinate list) are collected in average every square metre of moss garden.2010 and 2011, adopting uses the same method built receipts aphid canopy, has all obtained success.
A double-plastic insulation of subordinate list canopy is received aphid schedule of quantities (2009, high eyebrow)
Annotate:
1. receive the worm time: in March, 2009, receive the worm place: lotus leaf village, Chuan Zhu township, Emeishan City, Sichuan Province.Insulation canopy area: 8.0 square metres, the frame number of plies: 6 layers, moss garden area: 42.5 square metres.
2. the aphid quantity in each worm bag is on average by 100 calculating.
Embodiment 2: near forest farm, Zhangjiajie City, Hunan Province Yongding District three family school township, build double-plastic insulation canopy 1 at the farmland of 460 meters of height above sea level in March, 2010, and the length and width height is respectively 8 * 1.2 * 2 meters, and a collection angle times spring is moved aphid.(1) place is selected: near the farmland of supporting aphid moss garden, be chosen in the level land that physical features is open, the gradient slow, the sunshine time is long, ground grading is removed weeds.
(2) receiving the aphid canopy builds: on smooth good level land, build with steel pipe for building, batten high 2 meters, wide 1.2 meters frame, length is 8 meters, per 2 meters are divided into 1 lattice, being divided into is 4 lattice.Frame upwards divides 6 layers from ground, and interlayer is high 25 centimetres, and every interlayer is taken and put batten, and colligation is fixed.3 meters long steel pipes of crossbearer on two root post tops, two ends are chosen 1 meter respectively, and the horizontal stripe top is fixedly connected with steel pipe, and perpendicular steel pipe exceeds 50 centimetres on column in the middle of the horizontal stripe.
(3) moss dish is put on the shelf: when the spring moves aphid and begins to migrate, the moss dish is brought up to frame.Get bamboo chip and insert top layer and bottom respectively up and down in the thick bamboo tube of relative bamboo basketry, middle outwards bow.
(4) spring is moved the aphid collection: top and the outside of receiving the aphid canopy all cover with the white plastic film, imbed sideling in the soil with the place that ground joins, and form the adventitia of frame, and two cross-peens hang dark woven cloth.Internal layer top and two cover with brown paper, the side-by-side mounting plastic film, and the top is suspended on the horizontal stripe with 2.2 meters long bamboo pole crimping, and following warp becomes pocketed, is fixed on the column with drawing pin, and Jiang Biankou obturages.Film is curved under the support of arc bamboo chip, and the spring migrates to the light place of both sides after moving aphid and taking off from the moss piece, falls in the following anti-pocket after bumping against film.Receive the worm film and hang every morning, check and accept worm afternoon 17～18, deposits in the smooth containers such as basin, dish.
(5) spring is moved the aphid pack: the spring of collection moves aphid and installed in the worm bag on the same day, and every bag is 100.The worm bag places in the ventilated containers such as bamboo basket, bamboo sieve, and preserve the ventilation under the room temperature.
An angle times spring moves aphid and migrates in a large number since on March 10th, 2010, to end of day in March 23, continue 14 days, doubly contain agricultural Co., Ltd investigation statistics through the Zhangjiajie: collect the spring altogether and move 0.95 ten thousand bag of aphid, 1.98 ten thousand of aphids are collected in average every square metre of moss garden, have reached the better level that conventional angular is doubly supported the aphid district.
Claims (3)
1. double-plastic insulation canopy is collected the method that the gall nut spring moves aphid, it is characterized in that step is as follows:
(1) spring moves aphid collection place and is chosen in the tailo that physical features is open, the gradient slow, the sunshine time is long, no shrub and as close as possible foster aphid moss garden in the place;
(2) on the place that chooses, build high 2 meters, the wide 1 meter frame in the left and right sides with standing, length is decided according to physical features, frame upwards divides 6 ~ 7 layers from ground, every interlayer is used fixedly horizontal stripe of thicker bamboo or batten earlier between the column of front and back, put the tiling of some bamboos or batten between the horizontal stripe of the left and right sides again, the fixing back of the bamboo of every interlayer or batten colligation is used for placing and supporting the moss piece; About two wood column top fixed cross beams, the crossbeam two ends choose respectively, a middle perpendicular gin pole that exceeds crossbeam is used for supporting adventitia;
(3) when the aphid on the moss garden begins to migrate, the moss dish is brought up to frame, when putting on the shelf, the moss dish begins to put from the upper strata, successively pile; Get bamboo chip or crude iron silk and insert top layer and bottom respectively up and down in the thick bamboo tube of relative bamboo basketry, middle outwards bow, the radian of bow is consistent as far as possible, receives the aphid inner membrance in order to support better;
Ceiling and the outside cover with the white plastic film, and the place that both sides and ground join is imbedded in the soil sideling, form the adventitia of frame; The coverings such as dark material such as brown paper of internal layer membrane top and two, the side-by-side mounting plastic film, the top is suspended on the horizontal stripe with long bamboo pole crimping, and following warp becomes pocketed, is fixed on the column with drawing pin, and Jiang Biankou obturages; Film is curved under the support of arc bamboo chip, and the spring migrates to the light place of both sides after moving aphid and taking off from the moss piece, falls in the following anti-pocket after bumping against film; The spring of collecting moves aphid and installed in the worm bag on the same day.
2. double-plastic according to claim 1 insulation canopy is collected the method that the gall nut spring moves aphid, and the spring that it is characterized in that described step (1) moves aphid and collects the place and select Nan Po or slope, southwest.
3. double-plastic according to claim 1 insulation canopy is collected the method that the gall nut spring moves aphid, it is characterized in that the column of described step (2) is selected steel pipe, pin or bamboo; The every interlayer that is used for placement and support moss piece is high 20 ~ 25 centimetres; The gin pole that is used for the support adventitia exceeds 50 centimetres on crossbeam, and the crossbeam two ends are chosen 1 meter respectively.
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| CN103651272A (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2014-03-26 | 西安洁姆环保科技有限责任公司 | Adult hermetia illucens breeding chamber |
| CN104705272A (en) * | 2015-03-13 | 2015-06-17 | 湖北省林业科学研究院 | Method for collecting single-horned sumac gallnut migratory flight aphids through mobile collecting device |
| CN106070071B (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2020-03-31 | 湖北省林业科学研究院 | Mechanical packaging and storing method of spring migrant aphids of gallnuts |
| CN109984091A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2019-07-09 | 廖亨斌 | Worm device is received in the efficient inoculation method of Chinese gall and its feeding aphid tongue fur used bed and breeding |
| CN108719232A (en) * | 2018-04-08 | 2018-11-02 | 湖北省林业科学研究院 | A kind of method that the efficient collection tripe times summer moves aphid |
| CN111023733A (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2020-04-17 | 农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所 | Efficient treatment device for grain airing |
| CN110915531B (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2021-11-05 | 湖南新汇制药股份有限公司 | Chinese gall planting method |
| CN115176764B (en) * | 2022-07-27 | 2023-10-20 | 三峡大学 | Collecting and storing method for multiple aphids |
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| CN1934937B (en) * | 2005-09-19 | 2010-05-12 | 刘声树 | Gallnut aphid gall life stage artificial culture method |
| CN102265745B (en) * | 2010-06-03 | 2013-01-09 | 张家界奥威科技有限公司 | Fast propagation method of winter host moss of Chinese gall aphid |
| CN102265818B (en) * | 2010-06-03 | 2013-04-17 | 张家界奥威科技有限公司 | Preservation method for seed nutgall of Chinese nutgall |
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