CN102484852A - 基站类型的mac/phy标识及其优选和受限访问 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一般而言,本文描述用于标识基站类型的系统和方法的实施例。可以描述其它实施例,并要求其权利。
Description
技术领域
本申请涉及无线系统,并且更具体地说,涉及无线网络中基站类型的标识。
背景技术
WiMAX或WiMAX-I基于IEEE(电气和电子工程师协会)802.16e标准。WiMAX-I采用正交频分多址(OFDMA)进行传输,在非视距环境中引起改进的多路径性能。WiMAX-I可采用单用户(SU)或多用户(MU)多输入多输出(MIMO)天线技术、自适应调制和编码方案。当前开发了新一代WiMAX,称为802.16m或WiMAX-II。
附图说明
在附图的图形中通过示例而非作为限制例证了本发明,附图中:
图1是根据一些实施例的无线网络的示意例证;
图2是根据一些实施例用于无线网络中的设备的示意例证;
图3是根据一些实施例的帧结构的示意例证;
图4是根据一些实施例例证移动站(MS)与多层网络中的小区通信的图解;
图5是根据一些实施例的网络进入的流程图;以及
图6是根据一些实施例的网络进入的另一流程图。
具体实施方式
在如下详细描述中,阐述了大量特定细节以便提供本发明的全面理解。然而,本领域的技术人员将理解,在没有这些特定细节的情况下也可以实施本发明。在其它情况下,众所周知的方法、进程、组件和电路未详细描述,以免模糊了本发明。
除非另有特别声明,否则根据如下论述显然的是,要认识到,说明书通篇利用术语诸如“处理”、“计算”、“核算”、“确定”等的论述是指计算机或计算系统或类似电子计算装置的动作和/或过程,其操控计算系统的寄存器和/或存储器内表示为物理(诸如电子)量的数据和/或将计算系统的寄存器和/或存储器内表示为物理(诸如电子)量的数据变换成计算系统的存储器、寄存器或其它此类信息存储、传输或显示装置内类似表示为物理量的其它数据。此外,在说明书通篇可使用术语“多个”来描述两个或更多组件、装置、单元、参数等。
而如下详细描述可相对于使用基站标识符优选访问和/或受限访问多层无线网络来描述本发明的各种实施例。另外,虽然本文相对于多层网络描述示例实施例,但是本发明不限于此,并且可应用于其它类型无线网络,包含单层无线网络。无线网络特别地包含但不限于无线局域网(WLAN)和/或无线广域网(WWAN)。
如下发明实施例可用在包含无线电系统的发射器和接收器的各种应用中,但是本发明不限于这个方面。特定地包含在本发明范围内的无线电系统包含但不限于网络接口卡(NIC)、网络适配器、移动站、高级移动站(AMS)、基站、高级基站(ABS)、访问点(AP)、网关、网桥、集线器和蜂窝无线电电话。另外,本发明范围内的无线电系统可包含蜂窝无线电电话系统、卫星系统、个人通信系统(PCS)、双向无线电系统、双向寻呼机、个人计算机(PC)和相关外围设备、个人数字助理(PDA)、个人计算附件以及可实质上相关并且可适当应用发明实施例原理的所有现有和将来出现的系统。
可基于单个参数类型(诸如无线电信道条件)触发无线网络或多层网络中的访问或切换。提供用于使用基站标识符提供有关基站类型和/或与所述一个或多个基站相关联的网络类型的信息来访问多层网络中一个无线网络或多个无线网络的系统和方法,在本领域将是一个进步。可使用一个或多个媒体访问控制(MAC)层和/或物理(PHY)层标识符标识与基站类型相关的信息。标识符可以对于对一个或多个无线网络的优选访问和/或受限访问提供理解。
参考图1,其示意性例证了根据本发明实施例的无线网络100。无线网络100可包含基站(BS)120以及一个或多个平台、订户、移动站、高级移动站或其它站110、112、114和/或116,它们例如可以是移动移动站或固定移动站。在一些实施例中,基站120可称为高级基站(ABS)、访问点(AP)、终端和/或节点,并且站110、112、114和/或116可称为站(STA)、移动STA(MS)、高级MS(AMS)、平台、终端和/或节点。然而,术语基站和移动站在本说明书通篇只用作示例,并且它们的表示在这方面决不打算将发明实施例限于任何具体类型的网络或协议。
无线网络100可便于每一个移动站110、112、114和/或116和基站120之间的无线访问。例如,无线网络100可配置成使用在如下标准中规定的一个或多个协议:电气和电子工程师协会(IEEE)802.11TM标准(″IEEEStandard for Wireless LAN Medium Access Control(MAC)and PhysicalLayer(PHY)Specification,1999 Edition″,reaffirmed June 12,2003)、诸如IEEE 802.11aTM-1999、IEEE 802.11bTM-1999/Corl2001、IEEE802.11gTM-2003和/或IEEE 802.11nTM、IEEE 802.16TM标准(″IEEE Standardfor Local and Metropolitan Area Networks-Part16:Air Interface for FixedBroadband Wireless Access System″,2004年10月1日)、诸如IEEE802.162004/Corl-2005或本文中可称为″IEEE Std 802.16-2009″或″WiMAX″标准的IEEE Std 802.16-2009和/或IEEE 802.15.1TM标准(″IEEE Standardfor Local and Metropolitan Area Networks --Specific Requirements.Part15.1),但是本发明不限于这个方面,并且可以使用其它标准。在一些实施例中,例如可根据IEEE 802.16标准(例如其可称为全球互通微波访问(WiMAX))来定义无线网络100及其组件的属性、兼容性和/或功能性。备选地或此外,无线网络100可使用可与第三代合作伙伴项目(3GPP)、第四代(4G)、长期演进(LTE)蜂窝网络或用于WWAN的任何协议兼容的装置和/或协议。
本发明的实施例可使(例如基于IEEE 802.16m标准的)下一代移动WiMAX系统能够有效地支持相当高移动性和相当低等待时间的应用,诸如例如通过因特网的语音协议(VoIP)、通过空中接口的交互游戏、较大小区大小或较低频带中的部署和/或“多跳”中继操作。
在一些实施例中,基站120可管理和/或控制移动站110、112、114和/或116之间的无线通信以及移动站110、112、114和/或116与基站120之间的无线通信。移动站110、112、114和/或116又可便于其它装置(未示出)经由私有或公用局域网(LAN)到无线网络100的各种服务连接,但是实施例不限于这个方面。
参考图2,其示意性例证了根据本发明实施例用于无线网络中的设备130。例如,设备130可以是站、平台、终端、装置或节点(例如图1中描述的移动站110、112、114和/或116之一和基站120)以便与无线网络(例如图1中描述的无线网络100)中的其它平台、终端、装置或节点通信。设备130可包含包括逻辑(例如包括硬电路、处理器和软件或其组合)的控制器或处理电路150。在一些实施例中,设备130可包含射频接口140和/或媒体访问控制器(MAC)/基带处理器电路150。
在一个实施例中,RF接口140可包含适合于发射和/或接收单载波调制信号或多载波调制信号(例如包含互补代码键控(CCK)和/或正交频分复用(OFDM)符号)的组件或组件组合,但是本发明的实施例不限于任何特定的通过空中的接口或调制方案。RF接口140例如可包含接收器142、发射器144和/或频率合成器146。接口140可包含偏置控制、晶体振荡器和/或一个或多个天线148和/或149。在另一个实施例中,RF接口140根据需要可使用外部压控振荡器(VCO)、表面声波滤波器、中频(IF)滤波器和/或RF滤波器。由于各种潜在的RF接口设计,省略了对其的展开描述。
处理电路150可与RF接口140通信以处理接收信号和/或发射信号,并且例如可包含模数转换器152、数模转换器154,模数转换器152用于向下转换接收信号,数模转换器154用于向上转换信号以便传输。另外,处理电路150可包含基带或物理层(PHY)处理电路156用于相应接收/发射信号的PHY链路层处理。处理电路150例如可包含用于媒体访问控制(MAC)/数据链路层处理的处理电路159。处理电路150可包含用于例如经由接口155与处理电路159和/或基站管理实体160通信的存储器控制器158。
在本发明的一些实施例中,PHY处理电路156可包含帧构造和/或检测模块,其与诸如缓冲存储器之类的附加电路组合,以构造和/或解构超帧。备选地或此外,MAC处理电路159可共享这些功能中某些功能的处理,或独立于PHY处理电路156执行这些过程。在一些实施例中,如果符合需要,MAC和PHY处理可合并到单个电路中。
设备130例如可以是基站、高级基站、访问点、订户站、平台、移动站或高级基站、装置、终端、节点、混合协调器、无线路由器、用于计算装置的NIC和/或网络适配器,或适合于实现本文描述的发明方法、协议和/或架构的其它装置。因而,根据适当的需要,本文描述的设备130的功能和/或特定配置可包含在设备130的各种实施例中,或在设备130的各种实施例中被省略。在一些实施例中,设备130可配置成与本文阐述的用于WLAN和/或宽带无线网络的IEEE 802.11、802.15和/或802.16标准中一个或多个所关联的协议和频率兼容,但是实施例不限于这个方面。
可使用单输入单输出(SISO)架构实现设备130的实施例。然而,如图2所示,某些实现可包含多个天线(例如天线148和149),用于使用用于射束形成或空分多址(SDMA)的自适应天线技术和/或使用多输入多输出(MIMO)通信技术进行发射和/或接收。
可使用分立电路、专用集成电路(ASIC)、逻辑门和/或单芯片架构的任何组合来实现站130的组件和特征。另外,在适当情况下可使用微控制器、可编程逻辑阵列和/或微处理器或上述任何组合来实现设备130的特征。注意,硬件单元、固件单元和/或软件单元在本文可一起称为或单独称为“逻辑”或“电路”。
应该认识到,图2框图中所示的示例设备130可以表示许多潜在实现的一个在功能上描述的示例。从而,在附图中描绘的块功能的分开、省略或包含并不意味着用于实现这些功能的硬件组件、电路、软件和/或单元在本发明的实施例中一定会被分开、省略或包含。
参考图3,其示意性例证了根据本发明实施例的帧300结构。帧300(例如无线电帧)可以是无线网络100或后面参考图4所描述的多层无线网络中发射的通信和/或接收的通信的一部分。在一些实施例中,帧300可描述较大通信信号或流的周期性重复分段结构。在一些实施例中,重复帧300例如在基本上每个单独传输期间可包含基本上不同的信息。可以例如根据IEEE Std 802.16-2009或移动WiMAX简档来定义帧300,并且帧300可包含例如根据IEEE Std 802.16-2009或移动WiMAX简档的宽带无线访问技术。根据移动WiMAX简档,帧300的持续时间或传输时间间隔(TTI)例如可以是大约5ms。例如如在IEEE Std 802.16-2009规范中所规定的那样,可以使用其它帧大小或其它无线电帧大小,诸如例如2ms、2.5ms、4ms、8ms、10ms、12ms和20ms。
在一些实施例中,例如可根据时分双工(TDD)模式或方案发射和/或接收帧300。根据本发明的实施例,可以使用其它时间和/或频率方案(例如诸如频分双工(FDD)模式或方案)。
帧300可包含整数个OFDM符号或其它复用符号。例如可根据OFDM数字学的选择(例如副载波间距、循环前缀长度、采样频率等)确定每帧的OFDM符号数量。在一些实施例中,例如可取决于带宽和采样频率(例如,或根据移动WiMAX简档的过采样因子)来确定、设置或获得OFDM数字学。在各种实施例中,可以使用基本上不同的OFDM数字学,这可导致帧300中有基本上不同数量的OFDM符号。
在一些实施例中,帧300可包含空闲符号和/或空闲时隙。在一些实施例中,当使用TDD双工模式或方案时,帧300可包含一个或多个切换周期302和/或304,例如以便在预先指定的下行链路(DL)传输306与预先指定的上行链路(UL)传输308之间改变。在其它实施例中,例如当使用FDD双工方案时,由于DL传输306和UL传输308可基本上在同时或交叠时间(例如在不同频率或网络信道上)发送,因此帧300可包含基本上很少或没有空闲符号、空闲时隙和/或切换周期302和/或304。
在一些实施例中,帧300的TTI或持续时间例如可以是大约5ms。往返时间(RTT)(例如到特定无线节点的两个连续预先调度的DL传输306之间的时间间隔例如可以是大约10ms。具有快速改变的信道条件和/或小相干时间(例如快速移动的移动站或节点,诸如具有例如超过大约120千米每小时(km/h)的车速的汽车)的无线网络(例如无线网络100)可使用在变化信道条件下支持相当高移动性的机制。本发明的实施例可支持例如具有相当小往返时间的无线网络100,以实现移动站110、112、114和/或116与基站120之间的相当快速变化的信道条件反馈。可以使用其它持续时间。
当前IEEE Std 802.16-2009规范标准帧结构可包含诸如通常不适合支持相当快速反馈和相当低访问等待时间(例如小于10ms)的相当长TTI的约束,其例如可由新兴的无线电访问技术使用。
本发明的实施例可包含或使用修改版本的帧300结构用于支持较低等待时间操作,同时保持后向兼容性,例如与IEEE Std 802.16-2009规范帧结构的后向兼容性。帧300结构例如可用在下一代移动WiMAX系统和装置(例如包含IEEE 802.16m标准)。在一些实施例中,帧300结构或其部分对传统终端(例如其根据移动WiMAX简档和IEEE Std 802.16-2009操作)而言可以是透明的,并且仅可用于都基于IEEE 802.16m标准操作的BS、移动站和/或MS之间的通信。
根据本发明的实施例,帧结构可包含同步和广播信道,并且移动站可能必须解析或解码用于获取系统配置信息的公共控制信道(例如媒体访问协议(MAP)帧部分)以确定上行链路(UL)分配和下行链路(DL)分配。
参考图4,根据一些实施例例证了移动站(MS)或高级MS(AMS)425与多层网络400中的小区通信的图解。将有帮助的是,提供一个或多个参数或其它标记以向AMS 425广告小区类型信息或者以其他方式向AMS425提供小区类型信息。在没有使用这些参数或其它标记的情况下,基站可被视为就好像它们共同位于同一层上,这可导致根据无线电信道条件进行访问和切换判定。通过广播信道或消息并用每个AMS 425要应用于尝试访问多层网络400中的小区和在多层网络400中的小区之间切换的进程或方法给移动站(诸如AMS 425)提供有关多层网络400中的基站类型的信息的机构可向AMS 425提供小区类型信息。
多层网络400中的网络访问和切换判定可至少部分基于有关可用基站类型的信息,其中使用广播信道或消息和AMS 425当尝试访问小区或在小区间切换时应该应用的要使用的相关联协议或进程,提供有关可用基站类型的信息。在图4中例证的实施例中,多层网络400包括各部署宏小区410的一个或多个宏高级基站(ABS)405,其中每个宏ABS 405对应于载波(carrier)。可用指定类型对每个载波分类,并且可根据参数标识符(诸如小区大小、访问类型和网络同步状态)对ABS 405类型分类。
宏ABS 405可以是由服务提供商部署并在服务提供商回程上操作的、在宏小区410中支持在IEEE 802.16m中所描述的高级空中接口协议的公用基站。在多层网络400中,宏小区410可整体或部分地与一个或多个其它宏小区410交叠以及与部署非宏小区420的非宏ABS 415交叠。每个非宏ABS 415可以是在许可的频谱中相比宏ABS 405以比较低发射功率操作的微微ABS或毫微微ABS,并且可使用与宏ABS 405相同或不同的频率。在这个实施例中,宏ABS 405和每个非宏ABS 415是相邻基站,但是实施例不受此限制。附加基站(未示出)(包括宏小区410外部的基站)可以是相邻基站。
非宏ABS 415可使用一个或多个有线连接或无线连接来连接到与宏ABS 405相同的服务提供商网络。多层无线网络400中的其它小区类型可包括微小区或支持仅下行链路(DL)载波的部分配置的载波,如在主前置部分中所指示的。此外,支持高级空中接口协议的一个或多个中继站(未示出)或高级中继站(ARS)也可位于多层网络400中。ARS向服务基站(诸如宏ABS 405或非宏ABS 415)和从服务基站和/或向其它中继站和/或向移动站发射和接收信号以改进到位于小区覆盖区域边界或边缘附近的区域中的移动站的通信质量。根据小区中的位置,给定AMS 425可与服务基站或一个或多个中继站相关联。
非宏ABS 415可以是配置成服务闭合订户群组(CSG)或开放订户群组(OSG)中用户的毫微微ABS,但是实施例不受此限制。在一个实施例中,CSG是由非宏ABS 415主人或网络服务提供商授权的订户集合。每个非宏ABS 415可以是服务CSG的毫微微ABS,其中每个ABS 415是CSG闭合毫微微ABS或CSG开放毫微微ABS。每个CSG闭合毫微微ABS可以是仅可由CSG中AMS 425访问的私用ABS,但诸如需要访问经受法规要求的紧急服务的AMS 425的移动站除外。每个CSG开放毫微微ABS都可以是主要可由属于CSG开放毫微微ABS的CSG的AMS 425访问的半私用ABS。CSG以外的其它AMS 425可访问CSG开放毫微微ABS,但是可根据较低优先级服务CSG以外的其它AMS 425。服务OSG的非宏ABS 415是可由任何AMS 425访问的公用非宏ABS 415。
可预期访问系统(诸如WiMAX和其它宽带访问系统)支持多层网络400,其中AMS 425对多层网络400中的每层(诸如宏小区410和非宏小区420)的访问的优化不仅应该基于无线电信道条件和业务载荷或业务类型,而且应该基于一些逻辑上定义的偏好和约束。如果AMS 425被指定为毫微微ABS的CSG的一部分,则空中接口协议应该限制对于AMS 425扫描、小区选择和重新选择、为了网络进入、重新进入的访问和到非宏ABS 415(诸如具有受约束访问的毫微微ABS)的切换的需要。另外,在AMS 425切换到毫微微ABS和AMS 425的节能操作期间,空中接口协议应该支持优选访问。可基于AMS 425的移动速度确定和/或优化到宏ABS405和非宏ABS 415的访问和切换。
在一个实施例中,较高速AMS 425可访问宏小区410或切换到宏小区410,而较低速AMS 425可优选访问非宏小区420。对小区的访问可基于灵活且可扩展的类型标识以使用一个或多个PHY标识符和/或MAC标识符指示小区类型。例如,可通过对于每种类型基站的PHY前置码指定来定义PHY标识符。MAC标识符可包含在MAC消息中。在一个实施例中,通过在服务基站(诸如宏ABS 405或非宏ABS 415)的广播控制信道中包含小区类型参数来执行MAC层159的标识。还有,可通过在邻居广告消息(MOB_NBR-ADV消息)中包含相邻基站的小区类型来实现MAC层159的标识。为了进一步降低开销,可仅当邻居基站的类型不同于服务基站时,发送指示相邻基站小区类型的参数。
早前参考图2所描述的PHY 156层使用两种类型的高级前置部分:主高级前置部分(PA-前置部分)和次高级前置部分(SA-前置部分)。在超帧内存在一个PA前置符号和三个SA前置符号。在一个实施例中,可通过前置码空间的SA前置部分的划分(partition)来标识非宏ABS 415或毫微微ABS。可通过将前置序列分成多个群组,每个基站类型一个群组,来实现宏ABS 405和/或非宏ABS 415类型的标识。可在预配置(provision)时将群组或前置部分划分预先定义和/或编程到AMS 425中。备选地或组合地,还可通过在广播控制信道或超帧头(SFH)中发信号通知来灵活定义该划分。反馈信道(BCH)可包含关于如何在可用小区类型上划分主前置部分或次前置部分的前置序列的信息,可用小区类型包含不同于服务小区类型的小区类型。可在网络范围定义该划分,使得从第一选择的载波读取BCH的AMS 425能确定第一选择的载波对于访问是否是切实可行或可用的。AMS 425还可确定在搜索交替载波时AMS 425应该定位的一个或多个前置部分子集。
在一个实施例中,在SA前置部分中三个载波集合可用,得到3x256个可用序列。在这个实施例中,最初通过SFH中的短信息单元在两种类型基站(为宏ABS 405或非宏ABS 415)之间划分序列。还可使用硬划分将基站类型分类为宏ABS 405或非宏ABS 415来执行划分。可使用SFH中的附加位来定义非宏小区420的灵活划分或软划分以进一步使各种类型非宏小区420分层。例如,非宏ABS 415可被划分成公用毫微微OSG小区或毫微微ABS服务CSG,其中每个ABS是CSG闭合毫微微ABS和/或CSG开放毫微微ABS。
可使用SFH中的两个或更多编码方法来标识毫微微小区。作为第一示例,表示为[私用,半私用,公用]的三元组索引可与[CSG闭合,CSG开放,OSG]毫微微小区相关。在该示例中,位[0,1,1]的索引将指示在多层网络400中没有私用小区可用。可默认地为所有类型宏小区410和非宏小区420建立划分。另外,可建立标志以指示是否以其它方式以及是否存在多于一种类型的小区。在这个示例中,如果标志被设置成1,则SFH还将包含关于不等划分的信息。信息可编码为[p1,p2],然而实施例不受此限制。
在其中使用编码来标识SFH中毫微微小区的另一个实施例中,三元组索引表示为[私用,半私用,公用],其中两位(或二元组)用于表示[(a1,a2),(b1,b2),(c1,c2)],并且每个二元组是对应毫微微小区类型的加权因子。在一个实施例中,为私用小区类型预留的前置码的数量计算如下:
(a1,a2),(b1,b2),(c1,c2) | |
00 | 0(这个类型不存在) |
01 | 1 |
10 | 2 |
11 | 4 |
作为第三示例,其中n=位,作为对SA-前置序列的类型和划分的2n个可能组合的表的索引;
代码 | 私用(CSG闭合) | 半私用(CSG开放) | 公用(OSG) |
0000 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
0001 | 0 | 1/4 | 3/4 |
0010 | 0 | 3/4 | 1/4 |
0011 | 0 | 1/2 | 1/2 |
0100 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
0101 | 1/4 | 0 | 3/4 |
0110 | 3/4 | 0 | 1/4 |
0111 | 1/2 | 0 | 1/2 |
1000 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
1001 | 1/4 | 3/4 | 0 |
1010 | 3/4 | 1/4 | 0 |
1011 | 1/2 | 1/2 | 0 |
1100 | 1/4 | 3/4 | 0 |
1101 | 1/2 | 1/4 | 1/4 |
1110 | 1/4 | 1/4 | 1/2 |
1111 | 1/3 | 1/3 | 1/3 |
在第四示例中,可为每个小区类型预留相等数量的序列,如通过在SFH上的位图中设置1所指示的。
还可使用诸如预留位的机制来标识小区类型(诸如宏小区410和非宏小区420),以示出基站(诸如宏ABS 405和非宏ABS 415)是否与多层网络400同步。例如,如果AMS 425与非宏小区420的毫微微ABS相关联,并且发现毫微微ABS与多层网络400不同步,则AMS 425当在多层网络400中搜索或扫描基站时可应用较宽搜索窗口。
在PHY 156和/或MAC 159层可应用指示基站是否与多层网络400同步的机制。例如,可作为非宏小区类型和同步状态的函数,划分每种类型非宏小区420的前置索引,诸如同步的或不同步的OSG毫微微ABS、CSG闭合毫微微ABS或CSG开放毫微微ABS。在一个实施例中,AMS 425可确定基站与多层网络400不同步,并扩大其搜索窗口以便扫描从一个或多个宏ABS 405和/或非宏ABS 415接收的对应前置部分。
IEEE 802.16标准定义邻居广告消息(MOB_NBR-ADV消息)(也称为DCD消息)的可选参数,所谓的“小区类型”。可使用可选参数实现对小区的优选和/或受约束访问。由本文提供的示例所描述的PHY标识符允许向AMS 425引起AMS 425是否应该跳过基站并寻找备选基站的指示。这允许AMS 425在多层网络400中进行更快扫描和小区选择。此外,硬划分和/或软划分提供了标识基站类型所需的前置码的最大灵活性和可用性。
进入多层网络400可包括扫描RF载波和进行宏小区410或非宏小区420的小区选择。AMS 425可根据优选信道列表扫描每个频谱,条件是该优选信道列表在AMS 425中可用并且被预配置。在一个实施例中,在每个RF信道内,AMS 425扫描前置部分(诸如PA前置部分和SA前置部分),并使用休眠控制头(SCH)中的参数、物理广播信道(PBCH)或AMS 425可用的其它相关广播信息来检查基站类型。可使用涉及优选访问和受约束访问的预定义规则优先化一个或多个小区的选择。
对于优选访问,如果AMS 425属于任何毫微微小区的CSG,则AMS425应该首先相关于频率、前置序列和预配置在AMS 425中的基站标识(BSID)扫描优选基站用于其优选或受约束访问。如果AMS 425不能由相邻宏小区410或非宏小区420(诸如OSG毫微微高级基站(ABS))服务,则AMS 425应该用基站继续网络进入。根据覆盖和服务要求,AMS 425应该访问向AMS 425是其成员的CSG毫微微小区提供服务的非宏ABS415之一。仅当AMS 425不能在AMS 425的私用网络找到非宏ABS 415时(诸如CSG闭合毫微微)时,AMS 425才可选择另一个基站。例如,属于归属毫微微小区基站的CSG的AMS 425在寻找交替基站之前应该寻找在归属毫微微小区基站中所用的频率和前置部分。
在此实施例中不是私用BS的CSG或CSG闭合毫微微小区ABS一部分的AMS 425不应该尝试访问或切换到那个私用BS。除非如下情况:没有其它公用基站可用,或者如果AMS 425需要访问经受法规要求的紧急服务,否则在此实施例中AMS 425还应该避免访问半私用BS或CSG开放毫微微ABS。
基站(诸如宏ABS 405和/或非宏ABS 415、诸如毫微微ABS)可使用邻居广告消息定期地广播关于相邻基站的系统信息。在一个实施例中,广告消息是MOB NBR-ADV或DCD消息。在另一个实施例中,广告消息是增强或E-NBR-ADV消息。由基站广播的广告消息包含有关相邻基站(诸如宏ABS 405和非宏ABS 415)的类型和/或参数的信息,并且可包含关于相邻CSG开放毫微微ABS和开放订户群组基站的信息。在另一个实施例中,省略一个或多个相邻基站的基站类型的广告消息暗示一个或多个相邻基站与服务基站类型相同。
与公用或开放订户群组基站(诸如宏ABS 405或包括毫微微ABS的非宏ABS 415)相关联的AMS 425可通过单播消息传递接收可访问相邻毫微微ABS列表。可访问毫微微ABS列表可含有服务AMS 425所属的闭合订户群组的CSG闭合毫微微ABS,连同CSG开放毫微微ABS。在另一个实施例中,服务毫微微ABS可命令AMS 425扫描可由AMS 425访问的CSG闭合毫微微ABS。
在AMS 425经受受约束切换并且AMS 425不是CSG闭合毫微微成员的实施例中,AMS 425不应该扫描CSG闭合毫微微,并且仅扫描公用基站,诸如宏ABS 405或配置为OSG毫微微ABS的非宏ABS 415。如果AMS 425不能够找到适合的公用基站,则AMS 425还可扫描配置为CSG开放毫微微ABS的非宏ABS 415。如果AMS 425是CSG闭合毫微微的成员,AMS 425应该仅在连接模式尝试切换到或者在空闲模式尝试网络重新进入到私用基站、诸如CSG闭合毫微微。
在AMS 425经受优选切换的实施例中,诸如在AMS 425是包括一个或多个CSG闭合毫微微和/或CSG开放毫微微的非宏ABS 415的成员的实施例中,则AMS 425应该首先扫描AMS 425是其成员的非宏ABS,特别是在那些非宏ABS存在于邻居广告消息中的情况下。如果AMS 425不能够找到适合的CSG闭合毫微微或CSG开放毫微微,则AMS 425然后可扫描公用基站、诸如宏ABS 405或OSG毫微微。AMS 425可请求优选切换到CSG闭合毫微微或CSG开放毫微微或尝试网络重新进入到CSG闭合毫微微或CSG开放毫微微,条件是这种ABS对于服务可用并且充分。如果必要的话,AMS 425可请求切换以通过公用基站重新进入网络。在一个实施例中,由私用基站(诸如CSG闭合毫微微)服务的AMS 425不应该请求切换到AMS 425私用网络以外的基站,除非从AMS 425私用基站没有可用的覆盖。
在预配置AMS 425时(其中AMS 425被添加到CSG闭合毫微微网络),在CSG闭合毫微微ABS处的私用网络中和/或在AMS 425中可存储和更新那个私用基站网络和任何对应相邻公用基站(诸如宏ABS 405)的基站标识符(BSD)的列表。在一个实施例中,如果AMS 425在与其CSG闭合毫微微ABS之一相邻的宏小区410之一中,即便CSG闭合毫微微ABS未在宏ABS 405的邻居广告消息中列出,AMS 425也可触发扫描提供服务的宏ABS 405附近的CSG非宏ABS 415和报告提供服务的宏ABS405附近的CSG非宏ABS 415的测量。如果是CSG网络成员的AMS 425在附近宏ABS 405中处于连接模式,则宏ABS 405可命令AMS 425扫描可由AMS 425访问的CSG闭合毫微微ABS。
图5是根据一些实施例的网络进入和小区选择的流程图。在单元500中,在包括一个或多个宏小区410和/或非宏小区420的多层网络400中给设备130(诸如AMS 425)加电。在单元510中,AMS 425识别多层网络400中的一个或多个宏小区410和/或非宏小区420,并确定AMS 425是否是私用基站(诸如CSG闭合毫微微)中的闭合订户群组(CSG)的成员。在单元520中,如果AMS 425是CSG的成员,则AMS 425扫描优选私用基站的可用RF载波和前置部分。在单元530中,AMS 425确定AMS 425是否可到达优选私用基站。在单元540中,如果AMS 425能到达优选私用基站,则AMS 425根据运营商的优选信道列表扫描其它RF载波和前置部分。在一个实施例中,优选信道列表可由制造商或以后诸如由网络运营商预配置在AMS 540上。
在单元550中,如果AMS 425不是CSG的成员,则如果在AMS 425中预配置了优选信道列表,则AMS 425根据运营商的优选信道列表扫描一个或多个目标基站的RF载波。在单元560中,AMS 425确定一个或多个目标基站是否是私用基站(诸如CSG闭合毫微微)、半私用基站(诸如CSG开放毫微微),或者其它基站类型(诸如OSG毫微微)是否可用。当AMS 425处于空闲模式时,在单元560中,AMS 425可使用前置序列、反馈信道(BCH)中的基站类型、邻居广告消息(MOB_NBR-ADV消息)或DCD消息(诸如在传统系统中的),来确定基站的类型。在单元570中,AMS 425执行最终小区选择和网络进入到多层网络400。
图6是根据一些实施例的网络进入和小区选择的另一流程图。在单元600中,AMS 425处于连接模式或空闲模式,并且在单元610中,根据优先级和基站类型扫描可预配置在AMS 425中或从邻居广告消息导出的邻居列表中的可用基站,并生成扫描报告。在单元620中,AMS 425向基站发送扫描报告,同时标记AMS 425是CSG成员的优选和/或私用基站。在单元630中,AMS 425确定任何优选和/或私用基站对于AMS 425而言是否是可到达或可用的。如果优选和/或私用基站是可到达或可用的,则在单元640中,基于信道参数和加载条件中的至少一个对于一个或多个优选和/或私用基站发送切换方向。如果优选和/或私用基站不是可到达或可用的,则在单元650中,基于信道参数和加载条件中的至少一个发送切换方向。
一般而言,在适用时,可经由实施为有形介质上的代码指令的适当固件或软件的执行来促进本文论述的操作。由此,本发明的实施例可包含某种形式的处理核上执行的指令集或者以其他方式在在机器可读介质上或机器可读介质内实现或变为现实的指令集。机器可读介质包含用于存储或发射机器(例如计算机)可读形式的信息的任何机构。例如,机器可读介质可包含制品,诸如只读存储器(ROM);随机存取存储器(RAM);磁盘存储介质;光存储介质;以及闪存装置等。此外,机器可读介质可包含传播信号,诸如电、光、声或其它形式的传播信号(例如载波、红外信号、数字信号等)。
Claims (20)
1.一种用于访问多层网络的方法,包括:
将高级移动站(AMS)与所述多层网络中的第一高级基站(ABS)相关联;
接收邻居广告消息,其中所述邻居广告消息根据优先级并根据ABS类型列出ABS;
识别所述邻居广告消息中与所述AMS相关联的ABS,其中所述AMS是配置成与所述AMS相关联的ABS的闭合订户群组(CSG)的成员;
从所述邻居广告消息中定位非宏ABS;
识别所述非宏ABS是CSG闭合毫微微还是CSG开放毫微微;以及
基于信道参数和加载条件中的至少一个从所述第一ABS切换到所述非宏ABS。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述ABS类型由小区大小、访问类型和网络同步状态中的至少一个确定。
3.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述邻居广告消息是MOB_NBR-ADV消息。
4.如权利要求3所述的方法,其中所述邻居广告消息包括相邻基站的小区类型。
5.如权利要求1所述的方法,其中所述第一ABS是支持高级空中接口协议的公用基站。
6.如权利要求1所述的方法,还包含使用前置序列识别所述ABS类型。
7.一种用于访问多层网络的方法,包括:
初始化所述多层网络中的高级移动站(AMS);
确定所述AMS是否是闭合订户群组(CSG)的成员;
扫描第一射频(RF)载波和第一RF载波前置部分以定位向CSG闭合毫微微小区提供服务的CSG闭合毫微微高级基站(ABS);
定位所述CSG闭合毫微微ABS;
确定所述CSG闭合毫微微ABS是否向所述AMS提供服务;
定位所述AMS的优选信道列表,其中所述优选信道列表标识与所述AMS相关联的一个或多个附加CSG闭合毫微微ABS,其中所述附加CSG闭合毫微微ABS向附加CSG闭合毫微微小区提供服务;
在所述优选信道列表上识别第二RF载波;以及
通过所述CSG闭合毫微微小区或至少一个所述附加CSG闭合毫微微小区访问所述多层网络。
8.如权利要求7所述的方法,其中在所述AMS中预配置所述优选信道列表。
9.如权利要求7所述的方法,其中所述AMS经受优选切换,并且所述AMS是至少一个所述CSG闭合毫微微ABS的成员。
10.如权利要求7所述的方法,其中从邻居广告消息中导出所述优选信道列表。
11.如权利要求7所述的方法,还包含扫描公用基站。
12.一种用于使用高级移动站(AMS)访问多层网络的方法,所述方法包括:
从基站接收包括主高级前置部分(PA前置部分)和次高级前置部分(SA前置部分)的超帧;
读取所述超帧的所述SA前置部分以识别所述SA前置部分中的硬划分,其中所述硬划分指示所述基站是宏高级基站(ABS)还是非宏ABS;
确定所述SA前置部分来自所述非宏ABS;
读取所述超帧以定位超帧头(SFH),其中所述SFH通过划分将所述非宏ABS标识为闭合订户群组(CSG)毫微微ABS;
确定所述AMS是否是所述CSG毫微微ABS的成员,其中在所述AMS中预配置CSG毫微微基站的列表;
如果所述AMS是所述CSG毫微微ABS的成员,则与所述CSG毫微微ABS相关联;以及
如果所述AMS不是所述CSG毫微微ABS的成员,则与另一个ABS相关联。
13.如权利要求12所述的方法,还包含通过广播从毫微微ABS接收邻居广告消息。
14.如权利要求13所述的方法,其中所述邻居广告消息列出相邻宏ABS。
15.如权利要求12所述的方法,还包含通过单播消息传递接收可访问相邻毫微微ABS的列表。
16.如权利要求15所述的方法,其中所述列表包括CSG闭合毫微微ABS和CSG开放毫微微ABS。
17.如权利要求13所述的方法,其中所述毫微微ABS命令所述AMS扫描可由所述AMS访问的CSG闭合毫微微ABS。
18.一种制品,包括其上存储有指令的存储媒体,所述指令当由计算平台执行时引起:
将高级移动站(AMS)与第一高级基站(ABS)相关联;
接收邻居广告消息,其中所述邻居广告消息根据优先级并根据ABS类型列出ABS;
识别所述邻居广告消息中与所述AMS相关联的ABS,其中所述AMS是与所述AMS相关联的ABS的闭合订户群组(CSG)的成员;
从所述邻居广告消息中定位非宏ABS;
识别所述非宏ABS是CSG闭合毫微微还是CSG开放毫微微;以及
基于信道参数和加载条件中的至少一个从所述第一ABS切换到第二ABS。
19.如权利要求18所述的制品,其中所述ABS类型由小区大小、访问类型和网络同步状态中的至少一个确定。
20.如权利要求18所述的制品,其中所述第一ABS是支持高级空中接口协议的公用基站。
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