CN1024267C - 制造灌装产品容器的方法、端盖和设备 - Google Patents

制造灌装产品容器的方法、端盖和设备 Download PDF

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CN1024267C
CN1024267C CN91101866A CN91101866A CN1024267C CN 1024267 C CN1024267 C CN 1024267C CN 91101866 A CN91101866 A CN 91101866A CN 91101866 A CN91101866 A CN 91101866A CN 1024267 C CN1024267 C CN 1024267C
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汉斯·林纳
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Norden Pac Development AB
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B7/00—Closing containers or receptacles after filling
    • B65B7/16—Closing semi-rigid or rigid containers or receptacles not deformed by, or not taking-up shape of, contents, e.g. boxes or cartons
    • B65B7/28—Closing semi-rigid or rigid containers or receptacles not deformed by, or not taking-up shape of, contents, e.g. boxes or cartons by applying separate preformed closures, e.g. lids, covers
    • B65B7/2842—Securing closures on containers
    • B65B7/2878—Securing closures on containers by heat-sealing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C57/00—Shaping of tube ends, e.g. flanging, belling or closing; Apparatus therefor, e.g. collapsible mandrels
    • B29C57/10—Closing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/10—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using hot gases (e.g. combustion gases) or flames coming in contact with at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/003—Protecting areas of the parts to be joined from overheating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/124—Tongue and groove joints
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    • B29C66/12463—Tongue and groove joints characterised by the female part, i.e. the part comprising the groove being tapered
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/1246—Tongue and groove joints characterised by the female part, i.e. the part comprising the groove
    • B29C66/12469—Tongue and groove joints characterised by the female part, i.e. the part comprising the groove being asymmetric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/54—Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells, to form hollow articles, e.g. for making balls, containers; Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-cylinders, to form tubular articles
    • B29C66/542—Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells, to form hollow articles, e.g. for making balls, containers; Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-cylinders, to form tubular articles joining hollow covers or hollow bottoms to open ends of container bodies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/54—Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells, to form hollow articles, e.g. for making balls, containers; Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-cylinders, to form tubular articles
    • B29C66/545—Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells, to form hollow articles, e.g. for making balls, containers; Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-cylinders, to form tubular articles one hollow-preform being placed inside the other
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
    • B29C66/83221—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis cooperating reciprocating tools, each tool reciprocating along one axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C67/00—Shaping techniques not covered by groups B29C39/00 - B29C65/00, B29C70/00 or B29C73/00
    • B29C67/004—Closing perforations or small holes, e.g. using additional moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B31/00—Packaging articles or materials under special atmospheric or gaseous conditions; Adding propellants to aerosol containers
    • B65B31/04—Evacuating, pressurising or gasifying filled containers or wrappers by means of nozzles through which air or other gas, e.g. an inert gas, is withdrawn or supplied
    • B65B31/046—Evacuating, pressurising or gasifying filled containers or wrappers by means of nozzles through which air or other gas, e.g. an inert gas, is withdrawn or supplied the nozzles co-operating, or being combined, with a device for opening or closing the container or wrapper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B29C66/7232—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer
    • B29C66/72321—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer consisting of metals or their alloys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B29C66/7234—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a barrier layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B51/00—Devices for, or methods of, sealing or securing package folds or closures; Devices for gathering or twisting wrappers, or necks of bags
    • B65B51/10—Applying or generating heat or pressure or combinations thereof
    • B65B2051/105—Heat seal temperature control

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Closing Of Containers (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明提供了制造灌装产品11的容器的方法，它包括由薄壁塑料或层压塑性材料制成的、大致呈筒状的主体部分10，以及在主体部分每一端对焊的端盖13，将一端盖装配到主体部分一端，产品11经主体部分开口端引入容器，将第二端盖13部分地投入主体部分10中，通过热能使主体部分端部区域和第二端盖的塑性材料软化，经过端盖上的开口20从容器内排出空气时，端盖13借助它与主体部分10的相对位移，被压入主体部分至末端位置，此后将开口20热封合。本发明还提供了使用上述方法的设备和适于容器上所生产的端盖。

Description

本发明涉及一种灌装产品的容器制造方法，它包括由薄壁塑料或层压塑性材料制作的大致呈筒状的主体部分，以及在主体部分每一端可对焊的端盖，在此第一端装配到主体部分一端，并通过主体部分的开口端将产品引入容器，第二端盖插入所说的主体部分的敞开端至中间位置，在该位置端盖部分地伸入主体部分，通过使用热能使主体部分端部区域的塑性材料和第二端盖软化。灌装产品容器的端盖，所说的容器包括由薄壁塑料或层压塑性材料制成的、大致呈筒状的主体部分，以及在主体部分每一端可对焊的端盖。将一个端盖对焊到由薄壁塑料或层压塑性材料制成的大致呈筒状的主体部分上的装置，包括把端盖安放在限定的中间位置，在筒状主体部分一端局部突出的一种适用装置，一个为了软化主体部分端部区域和端盖的向外突出部分的一端或多端而供应热气体的加热装置，以及使主体部分和端盖产生彼此相对位移，直至端盖处于主体部分上的未端位置的装置。
由薄壁塑料或塑性层压材料制作的管子和瓶子用于包装诸如乳剂、软膏和其他各种粘稠的化学/工程制剂。瑞典专利申请第8800548-3中介绍了一种端盖，以及用在薄壁塑料或层压塑料的管状主体部分两端部进行对焊端盖的方式来制造管子或瓶 子的一种方法。
采用这种方法制造管子或瓶子的优点在于：可以避免将体积过大的空容器运送很长距离。因此，这种方法可以在没有综合性设备的条件下，使私人包装商能够生产自己的管子或瓶子。
按照上述方法制造的管子或瓶子，能够经过它的开口灌装产品，然后借助于例如螺纹将盖子固定到开口上。
然而在许多情况下要求提供在控制的环境下已封合的容器，因此用户可以确认包装是封合的。无论对于包装还是包装件内的产品来说，这会获得提高质量的结果。
在生产这种封口容器过程中，于装配第一端盖;最好是管状成形的端盖;和第二端盖之间灌装产品是有利的。但是已证实，在主体的开口端，产品没有沾污焊缝或封口区域的情况下装配第二端盖是困难的。当然，对这个问题起作用的因素是高生产率，能达到每秒约2件的生产率。
通过增加在产品和端盖内表面之间的、称为“顶部-空间”的容积的方法，有可能避免这个问题的发生。可是，如果存在与所说的顶部-空间内的空气作用的危险，就会对产品导致消极的后果。再有，用户会看不上这种带有大顶部空间的容器，因为它显示出没有全部灌满产品的迹象。
因此，本发明的目的是提供一种方法、端盖和装置，使之在高速率和带有小顶部空间容积的情况下生产满的灌装容器。
本发明目的通过下述方法实现，即灌装产品的容器制造方法，容器包括由薄壁塑料或层压塑性材料制作的大致呈筒状的主体部分，以及在主体部分每一端可对焊的端盖，在此第一端盖装配到主体部分一端，并通过主体部分的开口端将产品引入容器，第二端盖插入所说的主体部分的敞开端至中间位置，在该位置端盖部分地伸入主体部分，通过使用热能使主体部分端部区域的塑性材料和第二端盖软化，在从容器内经过端盖的开口抽出空气时，借助于端盖和主体部分之间的相对位移，使端盖压入主体部分内到达其未端位置，此后，所说的开口被热封合。灌装产品容器的端盖，所说的容器包括由薄壁塑料或层压塑性材料制成的、大致呈筒状的主体部分，以及在主体部分每一端可对焊的端盖，大致呈柱形壁的区域可插入筒状主体部分中，在它的引入方向上，朝向主体部分的内部稍微倾斜，端壁上设有向外突出的排气嘴。将一个端盖对焊到由薄壁塑料或层压塑性材料制成的大致呈筒状的主体部分上的装置，包括把端盖安放在限定的中间位置，在筒状主体部分一端局部突出的一种适用装置，一个为了软化主体部分端部区域和端盖的向外突出部分的一端或多端而供应热气体的加热装置，以及使主体部分和端盖产生彼此相对位移，直至端盖处于主体部分上的未端位置的装置，抽吸装置从焊接区域排出用过了的热空气，和从端盖内的排气嘴排出过剩的空气。
本发明的特点还包括，由热气体提供热能。筒状主体部分和端盖之间的焊缝压紧在一起。在第二端盖引入主体部分时，定量冷却气体供入邻近产品的端盖区域。端盖的可插入部分没有外部圆周沟槽，沟槽向其底部倾斜，并安排它容纳主体部分的边缘。通过设备的冷却气体供给到端盖的端壁。抽吸设备适于把用过的冷却气体从端壁中移出。将冷却气体供应到端壁的设备和抽吸设备，形成一个将端盖引到主体端部的整体部件。为供应冷却气体通过环形沟槽的装置，其中环形沟槽通到端壁上并基本上围绕在端壁的周围。
下面参照附图详述本发明，其中
图1和图2示意地表示采用本发明的装置在两个工序中将端盖应用于筒状主体部分;
图3表示封合端盖上的排气开口;
图4表示封合后的端盖;和
图5表示焊缝的压制。
图中显示的可整平的筒状主体部分10可以由单层塑性材料或包括金属箔在内的层压件制成，该材料给主体部分提供了较良好的隔绝性质。主体部分可由箔片滚对缝焊机生产，或者将挤压管切成适宜长度制作。这样的主体部分的壁厚通常适宜在1毫米以下。
附图中只表示了主体部分的上端部。主体部分的下端部已经用相配的螺帽以诸如排出口的形式配装上了端盖。经过开口端，将主体部分内灌装入预定高度的产品11，此高度与所要求容器内的产品数量一致。现在将主体部分开口向上竖直安放在回转分度台（图中未示出）上的圆柱形托座12内，分度台设置有为在下一工序中装配端盖的设备。
图1中端盖13已部分插入向上开口的主体部 分端部，然后将一段推到图1和图2中所示的焊接工位。
端盖13包括一个插入部分14，在其内端设有横向壁15，在另一端设有U形部分16。插入部分14朝横向壁15向内倾斜。U形部分设有向U形部分的底部倾斜的沟槽。
端盖可采用诸如注塑成型法制造，而隔绝箔片坯料可以包在横向壁15的里面或外面。
焊接工位设置通道17，以便将热气体经开口直通到主体部分端部边缘区域和U形部分16的沟槽，这是为了利用加热软化这些区域使其达到300°-500℃温度左右。在适当加热以后，托座12在焊接设备中向上移动，于是端盖13被压入筒形主体部分中，直到主体部分的边缘碰上沟槽的底部为止，如图2所示。中央喷嘴头18起到端盖13的支撑座的作用。
装有中央凹槽19的喷嘴头18下面的形状基本上是平直的，凹槽带有大间隙准备安置一个位于端盖横向壁中央的排气嘴20。当将端盖压入主体端部时，排气嘴20从产品11和端壁15之间的顶部空间抽出空气。为此，凹槽19上设置有通到喷嘴头18周围空间22的分导管21。
在发明的最佳实施例中，喷嘴头18的下面也设置沟槽23，沟槽23沿横向壁面15圆周环形延伸。供给冷却气体的分导管24通到沟槽23，因此围绕横向壁15的圆周分配冷却气体。采用这种方法，横向壁是在通过管道17在不影响主体部分搭接壁区域的加热条件下进行冷却的。这种冷却装置在我们同时待审的申请案“制造时控制容器端部温度的方法和设备”中描述并要求保护了。
合适的冷却气体可以是冷却的空气。消耗的冷却空气从沟槽23经喷嘴头下面流入周围空间22。从这里利用了的冷却空气和热气由焊接工位经管道25排出。由于凹槽19为排气嘴20提供大的间隙，所以不存在有通过排气嘴20抽出任何数量的粘稠物的危险。
图5表示压制仍处于软化状态的U形部分16的下一工序，因此在此区域完成封合。通过垂直的可移动的台墩26和数个水平的加压装置27进行压制。这些压制装置可以是机械操作的或可具灵活液力操作的。
图3和图4表示排气嘴20是怎样通过垂直可移动的热芯子28进行封合，芯子28设置一个通过电缆30与电源相连的热元件29。热芯子28安装在托架31上，通过活塞缸32可垂直位移。这样排气嘴可转换成封闭气嘴33，如图4所示。
本发明不仅限于上述实施例，可在附加的权利要求书范围内进行修改。

Claims (11)

1、一种灌装产品的容器制造方法，容器包括由薄壁塑料或层压塑性材料制作的大致呈筒状的主体部分(10)，以及在主体部分每一端可对焊的端盖(13)，在此第一端盖装配到主体部分一端，并通过主体部分的开口端将产品(11)引入容器，第二端盖(13)插入所说的主体部分的敞开端至中间位置，在该位置端盖部分地伸入主体部分(10)，通过使用热能使主体部分端部区域的塑性材料和第二端盖软化，其特征在于，在从容器内经过端盖的开口(20)抽出空气时，借助于端盖(13)和主体部分(10)之间的相对位移，使端盖压入主体部分内到达其末端位置，此后，所说的开口(20)被热封合。
2、按照权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，热能由热气体提供。
3、按照权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，筒状主体部分（10）和端盖（13）之间的焊缝压紧在一起。
4、按照权利要求1至3中任何一项所述的方法，其特征在于，在第二端盖（13）引入主体部分时，定量冷却气体供入邻近产品（11）的端盖（13）区域。
5、一种灌装产品容器的端盖，所述容器包括由薄壁塑料或层压塑性材料制成的、大致呈筒状的主体部分（10），以及在主体部分每一端可对焊的端盖（13），其特征在于，大致呈柱形壁的区域（14）可插入筒状主体部分（10）中，在它的引入方向上，朝向主体部分的内部稍微倾斜，端壁（15）上设有向外突出的排气嘴（20）。
6、按照权利要求5所述的端盖，其特征在于，可插入部分设有外部圆周沟槽，沟槽向其底部倾斜，并安装它容纳主体部分（10）的边缘。
7、一种将一个端盖（13）对焊到由薄壁塑料或层压塑性材料制成的大致呈筒状的主体部分（10）上的装置，包括把端盖（13）安放在限定的中间位置，在筒状主体部分一端局部突出的一种适用装置一个为了软化主体部分端部区域和端盖（13）的向外突出部分的一端或多端而供应热气体的加热装置（17），以及使主体部分和端盖产生彼此相对位移，直至端盖处于主体部分上的末端位置的装置（12，18），其特征在于，抽吸装置（25）从焊接区域排出用过了的热空气，和从端盖内的排气嘴（20）排出过剩的空气。
8、按照权利要求7所述的装置，其特征在于，通过设备（24）将冷却气体供给端盖的端壁（15）。
9、按照权利要求8所述的装置，其特征在于，抽吸设备（25）适于把用过了的冷却气体从端壁（15）中移出。
10、按照权利要求8或9所述的装置，其特征在于，将冷却气体供应到端壁（15）的设备和抽吸设备（25），形成一个将端盖引到主体端部的整体部件。
11、按照权利要求8或9所述的装置，其特征在于，为供给冷却气体通过环形沟槽（23）的装置，环形沟槽（23）通过端壁上并基本上围绕在端壁（15）的周围。
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CN1055153A (zh) 1991-10-09
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