CN102405908B - A kind of chitosan oligosaccharide composition for anti-wheat scab and uses thereof and method - Google Patents
A kind of chitosan oligosaccharide composition for anti-wheat scab and uses thereof and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of chitosan oligosaccharide composition for anti-wheat scab and uses thereof and method, particularly, relate to a kind of composition pesticide for anti-wheat scab, comprise chitosan oligosaccharide in this composition pesticide, the percentage by weight that chitosan oligosaccharide accounts for this composition pesticide is 0.003%-0.028%.Present invention also offers the above-mentioned composition pesticide comprising chitosan oligosaccharide for preventing and treating the purposes of wheat scab, the percentage by weight that it is characterized in that comprising chitosan oligosaccharide in the composition pesticide of chitosan oligosaccharide is 0.003%-0.028%.Composition of the present invention solves the major issue of anti-wheat scab, especially with comprising the composition pesticide of chitosan oligosaccharide after the seed and plant of process wheat, not only anti-wheat scab, and can not produce poisoning to crop, not having residue of pesticide.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agrochemical field, particularly relate to control composition and the prevention and controls of wheat scab, relate to a kind of chitosan oligosaccharide composition for anti-wheat scab and uses thereof and method particularly.
Background technology
Wheat scab is the world-wide prevalence venereal disease evil caused by fusarium fungus, the Major Diseases in Ye Shi China Wheat Production.In different countries and regions its distribution and endanger different in China mainly with Winter Wheat Area, the middle and lower reach of Yangtze River and Northeasten Spring Wheat Area of China by its harm especially severe, cause the loss of output and the decline of quality.At present, in breeding resistant variety, also there is no breakthrough, there is certain difficulty in conventional breeding.In addition due to the generation of head blight and the impact of popular climate larger, florescence rainy days is many, is head blight generation and popular advantage, brings many difficulties simultaneously to chemical control.Since generation in centurial year, production uses carbendazim and built agent thereof to prevent and treat head blight always, although achieve larger effect, because carbendazim action site is single, can develop immunity to drugs after using year continuously.In order to extenuate drug-fast generation, people, by carbendazim and other bactericide and Mixture Use of Insecticides, obtain the object that disease worm is planted by double Zhiduo County.
Because of Long-Time Service chemical pesticide, the pesticide resistance of damage by disease and insect is more and more stronger, and the consumption of traditional agricultural chemicals is increasing, causes larger negative effect to the sustainable exploitation and utilization of ecological environmental protection and resource.It is active and nontoxic to people and animals that chitosan oligosaccharide has broad-spectrum antibacterial, and exploitation chitosan oligosaccharide biogenic pesticide is the effective way reducing chemical pesticide amount of application.Current research infers that chitosan oligosaccharide is by penetrating in pathogen cyton, adsorbs the cytoplasm with anion in its body, and produces flocculation, upset the normal physiological activity of cell, final killing pathogenic bacteria.Use the disease resistance response that shitosan directly can suppress pathogen growth or inducing plant, improve the disease resistance of plant.Prove through laboratory biological determination of activity and field control effectiveness test, chitosan oligosaccharide all has good preventive effect to a lot of virus and bacteroidal disease etc.
The present invention is directed to wheat scab application chitosan oligosaccharide to prevent and treat, obtain good control efficiency.
Summary of the invention
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of composition pesticide for anti-wheat scab, comprising chitosan oligosaccharide in this composition pesticide, the percentage by weight that chitosan oligosaccharide accounts for this composition pesticide is 0.003%-0.028%.Preferably, chitosan oligosaccharide accounts for the percentage by weight of this composition pesticide is 0.012%-0.024% or 0.003%-0.008%.
In above-mentioned composition, wheat scab is the disease that any virus that wheat can produce causes, and the control of chitosan oligosaccharide composition to wheat scab shows control on the whole, is separately control often kind of head blight, its preventive effect also highly significant.
This composition pesticide above-mentioned can prepare liquid preparation or solid pharmaceutical preparation.Liquid preparation can be agriculture any liquid preparation, and solid pharmaceutical preparation is also agriculture any solid pharmaceutical preparation.Preferably, liquid preparation is aqua, microemulsion, water dispersible granules or suspending agent; Solid pharmaceutical preparation is preferably wetting powder or granule.
Present invention also offers the above-mentioned composition pesticide comprising chitosan oligosaccharide for preventing and treating the purposes of wheat scab, the percentage by weight that it is characterized in that comprising chitosan oligosaccharide in the composition pesticide of chitosan oligosaccharide is 0.003%-0.028%, preferably, the percentage by weight that chitosan oligosaccharide accounts for composition is 0.003%-0.008%, or preferred, the percentage by weight that chitosan oligosaccharide accounts for composition is 0.012%-0.024%.
Present invention also offers the method that application comprises the composition for preventing and controlling wheat scab of chitosan oligosaccharide, it is characterized in that processing wheat each stage set of applications compound of Wheat Development, comprise and wheat seed is processed, or use composition at Wheat Seedling, or use composition at flowering stage of wheat, or after wheat flower, use composition, or to wheat seed, seedling stage, before blooming, Post flowering uses composition successively, in wherein said composition, the percentage by weight of chitosan oligosaccharide is 0.003%-0.028%, preferably, the percentage by weight that chitosan oligosaccharide accounts for composition is 0.003%-0.008%, or it is preferred, the percentage by weight that chitosan oligosaccharide accounts for composition is 0.012%-0.024%.
In said method, described composition can prepare liquid preparation or solid pharmaceutical preparation.Liquid preparation can be agriculture any liquid preparation, and solid pharmaceutical preparation is also agriculture any solid pharmaceutical preparation.Preferably, liquid preparation is aqua, microemulsion, water dispersible granules or suspending agent; Solid pharmaceutical preparation is preferably wetting powder or granule.
Present invention also offers the method that application comprises the composition for preventing and controlling wheat scab of chitosan oligosaccharide, it is characterized in that processing wheat seed, in wherein said composition, chitosan oligosaccharide accounts for the percentage of composition weight is 0.01%-0.03%, preferably, chitosan oligosaccharide accounts for the percentage of composition weight is 0.012%-0.024%.The method wherein processed wheat seed can be the method for treating seeds of this area routine, includes but not limited to seed dressing, dipping, seed soaking or vexed kind.Wherein seed dressing refers to and medicinal powder or liquid is mixed with seed; Dipping is medicine liquid spray on seed, and constantly stirs seed is all soaked, and covers the coverings such as mat, piles vexed rear sowing; Seed soaking refers to that a seed or seedling are immersed in certain density liquid, makes seed or seedling absorb medicament through certain hour; Vexed kind refers to the method for liquid and seed being mixed the vexed certain hour of rear heap and sowing.
Present invention also offers the method that application comprises the composition for preventing and controlling wheat scab of chitosan oligosaccharide, it is characterized in that seedling stage at wheat is to winter wheat composition, 1 time was used again at interval of 15-20 days after using first, application times is 0-2 time again, the concentration at every turn used is identical or different with the concentration used first, and the percentage by weight comprising chitosan oligosaccharide in the composition of chitosan oligosaccharide at every turn used is 0.003%-0.008%.
Present invention also offers the method that application comprises the composition for preventing and controlling wheat scab of chitosan oligosaccharide, it is characterized in that before the blooming of wheat winter wheat composition, 1 time was used again at interval of 15-20 days after using first, application times is 0-2 time again, the concentration at every turn used is identical or different with the concentration used first, and the percentage by weight comprising chitosan oligosaccharide in the composition of chitosan oligosaccharide at every turn used is 0.003%-0.008%.
Present invention also offers the method that application comprises the composition for preventing and controlling wheat scab of chitosan oligosaccharide, it is characterized in that after wheat flower winter wheat composition, 1 time was used again at interval of 15-20 days after using first, application times is 0-2 time again, the concentration at every turn used is identical or different with the concentration used first, and the percentage by weight comprising chitosan oligosaccharide in the composition of chitosan oligosaccharide at every turn used is 0.003%-0.008%.
Present invention also offers the method that application comprises the composition for preventing and controlling wheat scab of chitosan oligosaccharide, it is characterized in that processing wheat seed with described composition, in wherein said composition, chitosan oligosaccharide accounts for the percentage of composition weight is 0.012%-0.024%, then in seedling stage of wheat to winter wheat composition, 1 time was used again at interval of 15-20 days after using first, application times is 0-2 time again, the concentration at every turn used is identical or different with the concentration used first, the percentage by weight comprising chitosan oligosaccharide in the composition of chitosan oligosaccharide at every turn used is 0.003%-0.008%, then applying said compositions before the blooming of wheat, 1 time was used again at interval of 15-20 days after using first, application times is 0-2 time again, the concentration at every turn used is identical or different with the concentration used first, the percentage by weight comprising chitosan oligosaccharide in the composition of chitosan oligosaccharide at every turn used is 0.003%-0.008%, then applying said compositions after wheat flower, 1 time was used again at interval of 15-20 days after using first, application times is 0-2 time again, the concentration at every turn used is identical or different with the concentration used first, the percentage by weight comprising chitosan oligosaccharide in the composition of chitosan oligosaccharide at every turn used is 0.003%-0.008%.
In said method, the method wherein processed wheat seed can be the method for treating seeds of this area routine, includes but not limited to seed dressing, dipping, seed soaking or vexed kind.Wherein seed dressing refers to and medicinal powder or liquid is mixed with seed; Dipping is medicine liquid spray on seed, and constantly stirs seed is all soaked, and covers the coverings such as mat, piles vexed rear sowing; Seed soaking refers to that a seed or seedling are immersed in certain density liquid, makes seed or seedling absorb medicament through certain hour; Vexed kind refers to the method for liquid and seed being mixed the vexed certain hour of rear heap and sowing.
In said method, the method used refers to any effective conventional method during applications of pesticide, includes but not limited to powder injection process, spray-on process, fumigating system, soil treatment method or smog method etc.
Wherein powder injection process refers to that the wind-force utilizing duster to produce is sprinkling upon the agricultural chemicals of pulvis the surface of crop or controlling object equably; Spray-on process refers to and is made into liquid with a certain amount of agricultural chemicals and appropriate water, with spraying apparatus, medicine liquid spray is become droplet, is evenly distributed in crop or controlling object surface; Fumigating system refers to and adopts fumigant or volatile medicament, and making it volatilize to become can the gas of effective prevention and elimination of disease and pests; Soil treatment method refers to be taked to spray, dust, spreads the methods such as pesticide-clay mixture, and agricultural chemicals is imposed in ground or certain soil layer equably; Smog method refers to and utilizes special facility that oily pesticide dispersion is become smoke condition, to reach the method for Pesticidal and sterilizing weeding.
In said method, with composition, seed is processed, refer to and composition is mixed with seed, when composition is liquid, seed is soaked in liquid, when composition is solid pharmaceutical preparation time, seed is mixed with solid pharmaceutical preparation.
In the present invention, chitosan oligosaccharide is Glucosamine is the mixture of the high molecular polymer of 2-30 by the degree of polymerization that Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-glycosidic bond is formed by connecting, and mean molecule quantity is 1000-3000 dalton.Chitosan oligosaccharide can be prepared by any means, such as following method: the shitosan of deacetylation more than 70% is the mixture of the chitosan oligomer of 2-30 by the degree of polymerization that the methods such as physical degradation methods, chemical degradation method, enzyme edman degradation Edman, glycosyl transfer method, composite degradation method prepare.Or, obtain chitin by extracting from fungal cell wall or insect body wall and be the mixture of the chitosan oligomer of 2-30 by the degree of polymerization that the methods such as physical degradation methods, chemical degradation method, enzyme edman degradation Edman, glycosyl transfer method, composite degradation method prepare.Or, by by Glucosamine by the degree of polymerization that Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-glycosidic bond chemosynthesis is polymerized being the mixture of the polymer of 2-30.Current chitosan oligosaccharide is the mixture of the high molecular polymer of different polymer, be not that is the oligosaccharides form of the single degree of polymerization in chitosan oligosaccharide, but the chitosan oligosaccharide monose of often kind of degree of polymerization all may exist.So no matter by which kind of method prepared; or by the commercially available prod that above-mentioned preparation method prepares; as long as it is that Glucosamine is by 1; the mixture that the degree of polymerization that 4-glycosidic bond is formed by connecting is 2-30, mean molecule quantity is the daltonian high molecular polymer of 1000-3000 is exactly chitosan oligosaccharide of the present invention; it can contain acetyl group; but the sugar unit of bonding acetyl group is no more than the amount of 40%, preferably more than the amount of 30%, especially preferably more than 20% amount.Chitosan oligosaccharide commercially available is at present all chitosan oligosaccharide product that above-mentioned chitosan oligosaccharide term is set forth substantially.
Above-mentioned composition of the present invention and method, when preventing and treating wheat scab, phenomenologically can reduce or eliminate the symptom that all virus diseases can cause.Such as seedling is withered, stem rot and fringe are rotten.Wheat scab from seedling stage to the maturing stage all can cause that seedling is withered, stem rot and fringe rotten, wherein the heaviest with fringe corruption harm again.Fringe corruption mainly occurs in filling to milk ripe stage, first indivedual small ear is injured, the filbert scab of water soaking mode is there is at first on clever shell, after expand to clever shell commissure or the mould layer of pink colloid appears in small ear base portion, and can prolong to cob and adjacent small ear by sesame, there is atropurpureus granule in sick portion in the later stage, the seed shrinkage in sick small ear, shrivelled and adularescent are mould to pink.Seedling is withered be by seed or soil residual body band microbial, generally rare, first bud scale and young root are that the water stain shape of brown rots, after expand to true leaf and cotyledon morbidity in brown, sick seedling is yellow thin so that withered, generally from seedling stage.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
Present invention finds the composition pesticide comprising chitosan oligosaccharide for anti-wheat scab, this composition pesticide can resist wheat scab, particularly find the specific effect of the chitosan oligosaccharide of certain concentration when anti-wheat scab, solve the major issue of anti-wheat scab, especially with comprising the composition pesticide of chitosan oligosaccharide after the seed and plant of process wheat, not only anti-wheat scab, and poisoning can not be produced to crop, there is no residue of pesticide, achieve the control of the wheat scab of environment protection-type.The present invention contributes especially and is also to have found to apply good chance and the concentration that chitosan oligosaccharide prevents and treats wheat scab by research, substantially increases the effect that chitosan oligosaccharide prevents and treats wheat scab.
Embodiment
In order to understand the present invention, further illustrate the present invention with embodiment below, but do not limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
5wt% chitosan oligosaccharide solution with water is diluted to respectively and applies concentration accordingly, concentration calculates according to weight percent concentration, calculate with ppm (1,000,000/) concentration in outcome record, what in outcome record below, 50ppm represented is weight percent concentration is 0.005%.Clear water process in contrast.By the solution after dilution according to demand treatment by stages wheat seed and wheat plant, seed treatment is that seed soaks, and soak time is 24 hours.The processing mode in other stage is that chitosan oligosaccharide aqua sprays process, and the interval time spraying process is 15 days.Each process is undertaken observing and detecting by 3 pieces of experimental field (667 square metres), process seed sample crop germinate after grow up to 6 leaves in add up, the statistics for each phase process in vegetative period is added up after administration for 10 days.The percentage that the wheat diseased plant adding up every block experimental field respectively occurs, as long as its plant is just defined as head blight plant by the feature creating head blight.Concrete disposition and effect as follows:
Table 1 seed immersion treatment is to the control efficiency of wheat scab
Table 2 seedling spraying is to the control efficiency of wheat scab
Table 3 sprays the control efficiency to wheat scab before blooming
Table 4 Post flowering sprays the control efficiency to wheat scab
Table 5 whole process process wheat is to the control efficiency of wheat scab
Shown by above-mentioned experiment, no matter be treatment by stages wheat seed, seedling stage processes, bloom pre-treatment or Post flowering process, chitosan oligosaccharide solution all shows good anti-wheat scab effect.All use chitosan oligosaccharide solution each period at wheat, show the preventive effect of good anti-wheat scab especially.
Claims (5)
1. application comprises the method for the composition for preventing and controlling wheat scab of chitosan oligosaccharide, and it is characterized in that processing wheat seed, in wherein said composition, chitosan oligosaccharide accounts for the percentage of composition weight is 0.012%-0.024%.
2. application comprises the method for the composition for preventing and controlling wheat scab of chitosan oligosaccharide, it is characterized in that seedling stage at wheat is to winter wheat composition, 1 time was used again at interval of 15-20 days after using first, application times is 0-2 time again, the concentration at every turn used is identical or different with the concentration used first, and the percentage by weight comprising chitosan oligosaccharide in the composition of chitosan oligosaccharide at every turn used is 0.003%-0.008%.
3. application comprises the method for the composition for preventing and controlling wheat scab of chitosan oligosaccharide, it is characterized in that before the blooming of wheat winter wheat composition, 1 time was used again at interval of 15-20 days after using first, application times is 0-2 time again, the concentration at every turn used is identical or different with the concentration used first, and the percentage by weight comprising chitosan oligosaccharide in the composition of chitosan oligosaccharide at every turn used is 0.003%-0.008%.
4. application comprises the method for the composition for preventing and controlling wheat scab of chitosan oligosaccharide, it is characterized in that after wheat flower winter wheat composition, 1 time was used again at interval of 15-20 days after using first, application times is 0-2 time again, the concentration at every turn used is identical or different with the concentration used first, and the percentage by weight comprising chitosan oligosaccharide in the composition of chitosan oligosaccharide at every turn used is 0.003%-0.008%.
5. application comprises the method for the composition for preventing and controlling wheat scab of chitosan oligosaccharide, it is characterized in that processing wheat seed with described composition, in wherein said composition, chitosan oligosaccharide accounts for the percentage of composition weight is 0.012%-0.024%, then in seedling stage of wheat to winter wheat composition, 1 time was used again at interval of 15-20 days after using first, application times is 0-2 time again, the concentration at every turn used is identical or different with the concentration used first, the percentage by weight comprising chitosan oligosaccharide in the composition of chitosan oligosaccharide at every turn used is 0.003%-0.008%, then applying said compositions before the blooming of wheat, 1 time was used again at interval of 15-20 days after using first, application times is 0-2 time again, the concentration at every turn used is identical or different with the concentration used first, the percentage by weight comprising chitosan oligosaccharide in the composition of chitosan oligosaccharide at every turn used is 0.003%-0.008%, then applying said compositions after wheat flower, 1 time was used again at interval of 15-20 days after using first, application times is 0-2 time again, the concentration at every turn used is identical or different with the concentration used first, the percentage by weight comprising chitosan oligosaccharide in the composition of chitosan oligosaccharide at every turn used is 0.003%-0.008%.
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| CN104082320B (en) * | 2014-07-18 | 2016-06-22 | 江苏省绿盾植保农药实验有限公司 | A kind of bactericidal composition composite containing amino-oligosaccharide and benzene metsulfovax and application thereof |
| CN104304249B (en) * | 2014-10-28 | 2016-08-17 | 青岛青知企业管理咨询有限公司 | A kind of for slow releasing agent preventing and treating wheat scab and preparation method thereof |
| CN104904751B (en) * | 2015-04-09 | 2018-03-06 | 河南工业大学 | A kind of wheat scab liquid biocontrol agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN106962402B (en) * | 2017-04-19 | 2019-05-07 | 江苏徐淮地区淮阴农业科学研究所 | The inducer of inducing wheat anti gibberellic disease |
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| CN102167634A (en) * | 2010-12-23 | 2011-08-31 | 海南正业中农高科股份有限公司 | Oligosaccharide-containing foliar fertilizer composite and application thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102167634A (en) * | 2010-12-23 | 2011-08-31 | 海南正业中农高科股份有限公司 | Oligosaccharide-containing foliar fertilizer composite and application thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 壳寡糖抑制植物病原菌生长的研究;胡健，等;《扬州大学学报（自然科学版）》;20000531;第3卷(第2期);42-44 * |
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