CN102365954B - Chitosan oligosaccharide, and application of composition of chitosan oligosaccharide to waterlog resistance of crops - Google Patents
Chitosan oligosaccharide, and application of composition of chitosan oligosaccharide to waterlog resistance of crops Download PDFInfo
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- CN102365954B CN102365954B CN2011103339837A CN201110333983A CN102365954B CN 102365954 B CN102365954 B CN 102365954B CN 2011103339837 A CN2011103339837 A CN 2011103339837A CN 201110333983 A CN201110333983 A CN 201110333983A CN 102365954 B CN102365954 B CN 102365954B
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- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to chitosan oligosaccharide, and application of a composition of the chitosan oligosaccharide to waterlog resistance of crops. The chitosan oligosaccharide is characterized in that the weight percentage of the chitosan oligosaccharide in a pesticide composition containing the chitosan oligosaccharide is 0.002-0.015%. The pesticide composition being used for waterlog resistance of the crops and containing the chitosan oligosaccharide is capable of retarding damage or crop failure caused by waterlogging of crops; in particular, the chitosan oligosaccharide with the specific concentration has a positive regulation action on the growth of crops under the waterlogging condition; and the chitosan oligosaccharide comprises a crop-stabilizing cell membrane structure and a switch of effectively regulating air holes, thus the breath ability of the crops is increased, and normal growth and development of the crops can be protected.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agriculture field, relate more specifically to the application of chitosan oligosaccharide on crops such as vegetables, fruit tree opposing damage caused by waterlogging.
Background technology
China's most of areas is in monsoon climatic region, and rainfall mainly concentrates on for 6～August, and rainfall frequency is big, and rainfall is concentrated, and very easily causes floods.Floods are the most serious natural calamities that cause damage, and account for 40% of all casualty losses.The most serious with the Yellow River and Huai He River sea plain and the middle and lower reach of Yangtze River.According to statistics, about 11,000 ten thousand hm of general time of disaster area of causing of China's floods
2, area 6,500 ten thousand hm cause disaster
2, the economic loss that floods cause is more and more serious.Waterlogging stain disaster is the part of floods, and it can not grow by normal growth crop, causes serious yield and quality loss, and resistance descends, and explosive damage by disease and insect occurrence frequency increases.
The present invention puts forth effort on performance aspect waterlogging-resistant of composition that research comprises chitosan oligosaccharide, application process etc., has obtained unexpected discovery.Solve the waterlogging-resistant difficult problem of crop to a certain extent effectively.
Summary of the invention
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of composition pesticide that anti-crop damage caused by waterlogging is coerced that is used for, comprise chitosan oligosaccharide in this composition pesticide, the percentage by weight that chitosan oligosaccharide accounts for this composition pesticide is 0.002%-0.015%.
Above-mentioned this composition pesticide can prepare liquid preparation or solid pharmaceutical preparation.Liquid preparation can be any liquid preparation of agriculture usefulness, and solid pharmaceutical preparation also is any solid pharmaceutical preparation of agriculture usefulness.Preferably, liquid preparation is an aqua, microemulsion, water dispersible granules or suspending agent; Solid pharmaceutical preparation is preferably wetting powder or granule.
The present invention also provides the above-mentioned composition pesticide that comprises chitosan oligosaccharide to be used for the purposes that anti-crop damage caused by waterlogging is coerced; The percentage by weight that it is characterized in that comprising chitosan oligosaccharide in the composition pesticide of chitosan oligosaccharide is 0.002%-0.015%; Preferably, to account for the percentage by weight of composition be 0.005%-0.011% to chitosan oligosaccharide.
The method that the anti-crop damage caused by waterlogging of composition that the present invention also provides application to comprise chitosan oligosaccharide is coerced; It is characterized in that each stage set of applications compound that crop grows is handled crop, be included in crops seedling stage and use composition, perhaps use composition at crop growth period; Perhaps before crop flowers, use composition; Perhaps after crop flowers, use composition, perhaps to crops seedling stage, vegetative period, bloom preceding, use composition successively after blooming, the percentage by weight of chitosan oligosaccharide is 0.002%-0.015% in the wherein said composition; Preferably, to account for the percentage by weight of composition be 0.005%-0.011% to chitosan oligosaccharide.
The method that the anti-crop damage caused by waterlogging of composition that the present invention also provides application to comprise chitosan oligosaccharide is coerced; It is characterized in that seedling stage crop is to the crop applying composition; Use the back first used 1 time in every interval 15-20 days again; Application times is 0-2 time once more, and the concentration of at every turn using is identical or different with the concentration of using first, and the percentage by weight of chitosan oligosaccharide is 0.002%-0.015% in the composition of at every turn using that comprises chitosan oligosaccharide; Preferably, to account for the percentage by weight of composition be 0.005%-0.011% to chitosan oligosaccharide.
The method that the anti-crop damage caused by waterlogging of composition that the present invention also provides application to comprise chitosan oligosaccharide is coerced; It is characterized in that vegetative period crop is to the crop applying composition; Use the back first used 1 time in every interval 15-20 days again; Application times is 0-2 time once more, and the concentration of at every turn using is identical or different with the concentration of using first, and the percentage by weight of chitosan oligosaccharide is 0.002%-0.015% in the composition of at every turn using that comprises chitosan oligosaccharide; Preferably, to account for the percentage by weight of composition be 0.005%-0.011% to chitosan oligosaccharide.
Be meant that crops seedling stage is later to blooming the preceding stage vegetative period of crop.
The method that the anti-crop damage caused by waterlogging of composition that the present invention also provides application to comprise chitosan oligosaccharide is coerced; It is characterized in that before the blooming of crop the crop applying composition; Use the back first used 1 time in every interval 15-20 days again; Application times is 0-2 time once more, and the concentration of at every turn using is identical or different with the concentration of using first, and the percentage by weight of chitosan oligosaccharide is 0.002%-0.015% in the composition of at every turn using that comprises chitosan oligosaccharide; Preferably, to account for the percentage by weight of composition be 0.005%-0.011% to chitosan oligosaccharide.
The method that the anti-crop damage caused by waterlogging of composition that the present invention also provides application to comprise chitosan oligosaccharide is coerced; It is characterized in that after crop flowers the crop applying composition; Use the back first used 1 time in every interval 15-20 days again; Application times is 0-2 time once more, and the concentration of at every turn using is identical or different with the concentration of using first, and the percentage by weight of chitosan oligosaccharide is 0.002%-0.015% in the composition of at every turn using that comprises chitosan oligosaccharide; Preferably, to account for the percentage by weight of composition be 0.005%-0.011% to chitosan oligosaccharide.
The present invention also provides and has used the method that the anti-crop damage caused by waterlogging of composition that comprises chitosan oligosaccharide is coerced, it is characterized in that with said composition seedling stage of crop to the crop applying composition, use first afterwards and every interval 15-20 days use again 1 time; Application times is 0-2 time once more, and the concentration of at every turn using and the concentration of using first are identical or different, vegetative period of crop to the crop applying composition; Use the back first and used 1 time in every interval 15-20 days again, application times is 0-2 time once more, and the concentration of at every turn using is identical or different with the concentration of using first; At the preceding applying said compositions of blooming of crop, use the back first and used 1 time in every interval 15-20 days again then, application times is 0-2 time once more; Applying said compositions after crop flowers then; Use the back first and used 1 time in every interval 15-20 days again, application times is 0-2 time once more, and the concentration of at every turn using is identical or different with the concentration of using first; Above-mentioned using each stage that comprises the chitosan oligosaccharide composition; The percentage by weight of chitosan oligosaccharide is 0.002%-0.015% in the composition of at every turn using that comprises chitosan oligosaccharide, and preferred, the percentage by weight that chitosan oligosaccharide accounts for composition is 0.005%-0.011%.
The present invention also provides and has used the method that the anti-crop damage caused by waterlogging of composition that comprises chitosan oligosaccharide is coerced, and it is characterized in that with said composition crop seed being handled, and to account for the percentage of composition weight be 0.01%-0.02% to chitosan oligosaccharide in the wherein said composition; Then seedling stage of crop to the crop applying composition, use the back first and used again 1 time in every interval 15-20 days, application times is 0-2 time once more; The concentration of at every turn using is identical or different with the concentration of using first, and the percentage by weight of chitosan oligosaccharide is 0.002%-0.015% in the composition of at every turn using that comprises chitosan oligosaccharide, and is preferred; The percentage by weight that chitosan oligosaccharide accounts for composition is 0.005%-0.011%, then at the preceding applying said compositions of blooming of crop, uses the back first and uses 1 time in every interval 15-20 days again; Application times is 0-2 time once more; The concentration of at every turn using is identical or different with the concentration of using first, and the percentage by weight of chitosan oligosaccharide is 0.002%-0.015% in the composition of at every turn using that comprises chitosan oligosaccharide, and is preferred; The percentage by weight that chitosan oligosaccharide accounts for composition is 0.005%-0.011%; Applying said compositions after crop flowers is used the back first and was used 1 time in every interval 15-20 days again then, and application times is 0-2 time once more; The concentration of at every turn using is identical or different with the concentration of using first; The percentage by weight of chitosan oligosaccharide is 0.002%-0.015% in the composition of at every turn using that comprises chitosan oligosaccharide, and preferred, the percentage by weight that chitosan oligosaccharide accounts for composition is 0.005%-0.011%.
In the said method, said composition can prepare liquid preparation or solid pharmaceutical preparation.Liquid preparation can be any liquid preparation of agriculture usefulness, and solid pharmaceutical preparation also is any solid pharmaceutical preparation of agriculture usefulness.Preferably, liquid preparation is an aqua, microemulsion, water dispersible granules or suspending agent; Solid pharmaceutical preparation is preferably wetting powder or granule.
In the said method; Said crop is meant any plant of directly or indirectly cultivating for the human needs; Preferably, said crop is selected from wheat, paddy rice, apple, pears, tealeaves, citrus, corn, cowpea, industrialized agriculture crop, for example vegetables planted in big canopy, large cherry, grape etc.
In the said method, any method effectively commonly used when the method for using is meant the applications of pesticide includes but not limited to powder injection process, spray-on process, fumigating system, soil treatment method or smog method etc.
Wherein powder injection process is meant that the wind-force that utilizes duster to produce is sprinkling upon the agricultural chemicals of pulvis the surface of crop or controlling object equably; Spray-on process is meant with a certain amount of agricultural chemicals and an amount of water and is made into soup, with the spraying apparatus medicine liquid spray is become droplet, is evenly distributed in crop or controlling object surface; Fumigating system is meant and adopts fumigant or volatile medicament, makes its volatilization become the effectively gas of prevention and elimination of disease and pests; The soil treatment method is meant and takes to spray, dusts, spreads methods such as pesticide-clay mixture, imposes on agricultural chemicals equably in ground or the certain soil layer; The smog method is meant utilizes special-purpose facility to be dispersed into smoke condition to the oily agricultural chemicals, to reach the method for Pesticidal and sterilizing weeding.
Among the present invention, chitosan oligosaccharide is that Glucosamine passes through 1, and the degree of polymerization that the 4-glycosidic bond is formed by connecting is the mixture of the high molecular polymer of 2-30, and mean molecule quantity is 1000-3000 dalton.Chitosan oligosaccharide can be through any means preparation, and for example following method: deacetylation is the mixture of the chitosan oligomer of 2-30 at the shitosan more than 70% through the degree of polymerization that methods such as mechanical degradation method, chemical degradation method, enzyme edman degradation Edman, glycosyl transfer method, composite degradation method prepare.Perhaps, be the mixture of the chitosan oligomer of 2-30 through from fungal cell wall or insect body wall, extracting the degree of polymerization that obtains chitin and prepare through methods such as mechanical degradation method, chemical degradation method, enzyme edman degradation Edman, glycosyl transfer method, composite degradation methods.Perhaps, through passing through 1 by Glucosamine, the degree of polymerization that the chemosynthesis of 4-glycosidic bond is polymerized is the mixture of polymers of 2-30.Chitosan oligosaccharide is the mixture of the high molecular polymer of various polymerization thing at present, that is to say in the chitosan oligosaccharide to be not the oligosaccharides form of the single degree of polymerization, but the chitosan oligosaccharide monose of every kind of degree of polymerization possibly exist all.So no matter prepare through which kind of method; The commercially available prod that perhaps prepares through above-mentioned preparation method, as long as it is that Glucosamine passes through 1, the degree of polymerization that the 4-glycosidic bond is formed by connecting is that 2-30, mean molecule quantity are that the mixture of the daltonian high molecular polymer of 1000-3000 is exactly a chitosan oligosaccharide of the present invention; It can contain acetyl group; But the sugar unit of bonding acetyl group is no more than 40% amount, preferably is no more than 30% amount, especially preferably is no more than 20% amount.Commercially available chitosan oligosaccharide all is the chitosan oligosaccharide product that above-mentioned chitosan oligosaccharide term is set forth basically at present.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The present invention has found to be used for the waterlogging-resistant composition pesticide that comprises chitosan oligosaccharide of crop; This composition pesticide can slow down the crop damage caused by waterlogging; The chitosan oligosaccharide of particularly having found certain concentration has the forward regulating action to the growth under the crop damage caused by waterlogging condition, has stable crop cell membrane structure, effectively regulates the switch of pore; Increase the crop respiration capability, the cover crop normal growth is grown.The used chitosan oligosaccharide of the present invention belongs to natural extract, is used for behind the crop crop not being had harm to human body, and is environmentally friendly, and development green agriculture and effectively refining agricultural product are had significant meaning and contribution.The contribution that the present invention is special also is to use good chance and the concentration that the anti-crop damage caused by waterlogging of chitosan oligosaccharide is coerced through having discovered, has improved the effect that the anti-crop damage caused by waterlogging of chitosan oligosaccharide is coerced greatly.Chitosan oligosaccharide and composition thereof that the present invention utilizes.
Embodiment
In order to understand the present invention, further specify the present invention with embodiment below, but do not limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1
5% chitosan oligosaccharide solution with water is diluted to application corresponding concentration respectively; Concentration is calculated according to weight percent concentration; In outcome record, calculate with ppm (1,000,000/) concentration, what 50ppm represented in the outcome record below is that weight percent concentration is 0.005%.
In identical region, comprise of the influence of the composition of chitosan oligosaccharide to the corn damage caused by a drought with the experiment of many plot.The area in each plot is 50 square metres, and the composition that comprises chitosan oligosaccharide is the chitosan oligosaccharide aqua, and application process is a spray-on process, and control group is a fresh water spraying, and the amount of liquid of fresh water spraying is identical with the amount of spraying of chitosan oligosaccharide aqua.The corn damage caused by waterlogging time is meant continuously not had by water logging, specifically is meant the maximum number of days that root is not had by water logging with top.
The experiment of the waterlogging-resistant calamity of seed treatment is through seed soaking, the situation of the after planting 15 days waterlogging-resistant calamities of observation seedling.After the processing in vegetative period sprays chitosan oligosaccharide solution, spray the situation of observing plant in back 10 days for the last time, wherein the time of damage caused by waterlogging is after appearance sprays for the first time.
The ratio of wilting strain is meant that the whole sagging plant of crop leaf account for the percentage of total plant quantity.
Concrete experiment condition such as the concentration that sprays, number of times and damage caused by waterlogging and experimental result are following:
The effect that the anti-crop damage caused by waterlogging of table 1 corn seedling spraying is coerced
Table 2 sprays the effect that anti-crop damage caused by waterlogging is coerced meter vegetative period
Before blooming, table 3 corn sprays the effect that anti-crop damage caused by waterlogging is coerced
After blooming, table 4 corn sprays the effect that anti-crop damage caused by waterlogging is coerced
The effect that the anti-crop damage caused by waterlogging of table 5 omnidistance processing corn is coerced
Can find out from above-mentioned outdoor field experiment, use chitosan oligosaccharide and can make the waterlogging-resistant performance of corn improve, and the raising of performance be very obvious, play the ability that the waterlogging-resistant calamity of corn is coerced that improves fully so comprise the composition of chitosan oligosaccharide.
Claims (9)
1. use the method that the anti-crop damage caused by waterlogging of composition pesticide comprise chitosan oligosaccharide is coerced; It is characterized in that seedling stage crop is to the crop applying composition; Use the back first used 1 time in every interval 15-20 days again; Application times is 0-2 time once more, and the concentration of at every turn using is identical or different with the concentration of using first, and the percentage by weight of chitosan oligosaccharide is 0.002%-0.015% in the composition of at every turn using that comprises chitosan oligosaccharide.
2. method according to claim 1, wherein to account for the percentage by weight of composition be 0.005%-0.011% to chitosan oligosaccharide.
3. use the method that the anti-crop damage caused by waterlogging of composition pesticide comprise chitosan oligosaccharide is coerced; It is characterized in that before the blooming of crop the crop applying composition; Use the back first used 1 time in every interval 15-20 days again; Application times is 0-2 time once more, and the concentration of at every turn using is identical or different with the concentration of using first, and the percentage by weight of chitosan oligosaccharide is 0.002%-0.015% in the composition of at every turn using that comprises chitosan oligosaccharide.
4. method according to claim 3, wherein to account for the percentage by weight of composition be 0.005%-0.011% to chitosan oligosaccharide.
5. use the method that the anti-crop damage caused by waterlogging of composition pesticide comprise chitosan oligosaccharide is coerced; It is characterized in that after crop flowers the crop applying composition; Use the back first used 1 time in every interval 15-20 days again; Application times is 0-2 time once more, and the concentration of at every turn using is identical or different with the concentration of using first, and the percentage by weight of chitosan oligosaccharide is 0.002%-0.015% in the composition of at every turn using that comprises chitosan oligosaccharide.
6. method according to claim 5, wherein to account for the percentage by weight of composition be 0.005%-0.011% to chitosan oligosaccharide.
7. use the method that the anti-crop damage caused by waterlogging of composition pesticide comprise chitosan oligosaccharide is coerced; It is characterized in that with said composition crop seed being handled, to account for the percentage of composition weight be 0.01%-0.02% to chitosan oligosaccharide in the wherein said composition, then seedling stage of crop to the crop applying composition; Use the back first used 1 time in every interval 15-20 days again; Application times is 0-2 time once more, and the concentration of at every turn using is identical or different with the concentration of using first, and the percentage by weight of chitosan oligosaccharide is 0.002%-0.015% in the composition of at every turn using that comprises chitosan oligosaccharide; Then at the preceding applying said compositions of blooming of crop; Use the back first and used 1 time in every interval 15-20 days again, application times is 0-2 time once more, and the concentration of at every turn using is identical or different with the concentration of using first; The percentage by weight of chitosan oligosaccharide is 0.002%-0.015% in the composition of at every turn using that comprises chitosan oligosaccharide; Applying said compositions after crop flowers is used the back first and was used 1 time in every interval 15-20 days again then, and application times is 0-2 time once more; The concentration of at every turn using is identical or different with the concentration of using first, and the percentage by weight of chitosan oligosaccharide is 0.002%-0.015% in the composition of at every turn using that comprises chitosan oligosaccharide.
8. method according to claim 7; It is characterized in that with said composition crop seed being handled, to account for the percentage of composition weight be 0.01%-0.02% to chitosan oligosaccharide in the wherein said composition, then seedling stage of crop to the crop applying composition; Use the back first used 1 time in every interval 15-20 days again; Application times is 0-2 time once more, and the concentration of at every turn using is identical or different with the concentration of using first, and the percentage by weight of chitosan oligosaccharide is 0.005%-0.011% in the composition of at every turn using that comprises chitosan oligosaccharide; Then at the preceding applying said compositions of blooming of crop; Use the back first and used 1 time in every interval 15-20 days again, application times is 0-2 time once more, and the concentration of at every turn using is identical or different with the concentration of using first; The percentage by weight of chitosan oligosaccharide is 0.005%-0.011% in the composition of at every turn using that comprises chitosan oligosaccharide; Applying said compositions after crop flowers is used the back first and was used 1 time in every interval 15-20 days again then, and application times is 0-2 time once more; The concentration of at every turn using is identical or different with the concentration of using first, and the percentage by weight of chitosan oligosaccharide is 0.005%-0.011% in the composition of at every turn using that comprises chitosan oligosaccharide.
9. according to each described method of claim 1-8, wherein crop is selected from wheat, paddy rice, apple, pears, tealeaves, citrus, corn, cowpea, large cherry and grape.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1212122A (en) * | 1997-09-25 | 1999-03-31 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | Crop seed soaking agent and preparing method thereof |
| CN1875714A (en) * | 2006-07-04 | 2006-12-13 | 张百利 | Pregermination-free chitosan-containing ginger seed soaking agent |
| CN101543230A (en) * | 2008-03-28 | 2009-09-30 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Plant stress-resistant inducer and application thereof |
| CN101816305A (en) * | 2010-05-09 | 2010-09-01 | 海南正业中农高科股份有限公司 | Bactericide pesticide composite containing oligochitosan |
| CN102144637A (en) * | 2010-12-23 | 2011-08-10 | 海南正业中农高科股份有限公司 | Chitosan oligosaccharide composite with cold-resistant function and application of composite |
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2011
- 2011-10-28 CN CN2011103339837A patent/CN102365954B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1212122A (en) * | 1997-09-25 | 1999-03-31 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | Crop seed soaking agent and preparing method thereof |
| CN1875714A (en) * | 2006-07-04 | 2006-12-13 | 张百利 | Pregermination-free chitosan-containing ginger seed soaking agent |
| CN101543230A (en) * | 2008-03-28 | 2009-09-30 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Plant stress-resistant inducer and application thereof |
| CN101816305A (en) * | 2010-05-09 | 2010-09-01 | 海南正业中农高科股份有限公司 | Bactericide pesticide composite containing oligochitosan |
| CN102144637A (en) * | 2010-12-23 | 2011-08-10 | 海南正业中农高科股份有限公司 | Chitosan oligosaccharide composite with cold-resistant function and application of composite |
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