CN102388885A - Chitosan oligosaccharide composition for improving quality of crops, as well as application and method thereof - Google Patents
Chitosan oligosaccharide composition for improving quality of crops, as well as application and method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102388885A CN102388885A CN201110334011XA CN201110334011A CN102388885A CN 102388885 A CN102388885 A CN 102388885A CN 201110334011X A CN201110334011X A CN 201110334011XA CN 201110334011 A CN201110334011 A CN 201110334011A CN 102388885 A CN102388885 A CN 102388885A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a chitosan oligosaccharide composition for improving the quality of crops, as well as an application and method thereof. Specifically, the composition is applied at the seedling, growing, pre-flowering and/or post-flowering periods of the crops; and then in every other 5-10 days, preferably every other 7 days, the composition with a concentration the same as or different from that of the composition firstly applied is applied 0-3 times, preferably twice, again, wherein the weight percentage of chitosan oligosaccharide in the composition is 0.0015%-0.015%, and preferably, chitosan oligosaccharide accounts for 0.0025%-0.01% by weight. According to the invention, the specific effect of chitosan oligosaccharide with specific concentration in improving the quality of the crops is discovered, thereby improving the quality of the crops; and especially, after the pesticide composition containing chitosan oligosaccharide is used for treating the crops, the quality of the crops is improved without rendering phytotoxicity on the crops or generating pesticide residue.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agrochemical field, particularly relate to composition and use thereof and the method for improving crop quality, relate to a kind of chitosan oligosaccharide composition and use thereof and method that is used to improve crop quality particularly.
Background technology
The quality influence of crop application and the rear end deep processing of crop, and the method that can improve crop quality at present has, for example simple method: improve the soil; Loosing soil, nutrient absorption equilibrium, short root root of hair, flourishing root system; Balance fertilizing, biological organic fertilizer is used in land used, the combination of increasing soil fertility more; Reduce unreasonable fertilising, as: give birth to excrement, the careful usefulness of high-concentration compound fertilizer, use high-efficiency low-toxicity, degradable biological agricultural chemicals.Complicated method is through crop hybrid or improvement of genes, and perhaps through methods such as extraneous physical treatments, these methods or effect are bad, or complicated operation, the unification of quality-improving direction.The present invention finds that through the property research to the composition that comprises chitosan oligosaccharide chitosan oligosaccharide has special effect to the quality improving of crop, and not only method is simple, and effect is remarkable.
Summary of the invention
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of composition pesticide that is used to improve crop quality, comprise chitosan oligosaccharide in this composition pesticide, the percentage by weight that chitosan oligosaccharide accounts for this composition pesticide is 0.0015%-0.015%.Preferably, to account for the percentage by weight of this composition pesticide be 0.0025%-0.01% to chitosan oligosaccharide.
Above-mentioned this composition pesticide can prepare liquid preparation or solid pharmaceutical preparation.Liquid preparation can be any liquid preparation of agriculture usefulness, and solid pharmaceutical preparation also is any solid pharmaceutical preparation of agriculture usefulness.Preferably, liquid preparation is an aqua, microemulsion, water dispersible granules or suspending agent; Solid pharmaceutical preparation is preferably wetting powder or granule.
The present invention also provides the above-mentioned composition pesticide that comprises chitosan oligosaccharide to be used to improve the purposes of crop quality; The percentage by weight that it is characterized in that comprising chitosan oligosaccharide in the composition pesticide of chitosan oligosaccharide is 0.0015%-0.015%; Preferably, to account for the percentage by weight of composition be 0.0025%-0.01% to chitosan oligosaccharide.
The present invention also provides the method for using the composition for improved crop quality that comprises chitosan oligosaccharide; It is characterized in that crop seedling stage, vegetative period, bloom preceding and/or bloom after use composition, every then at a distance from 5-10 days time, preferred whenever at a distance from time of 7 days; Use once more and the identical or different composition of application concentration first 0-3 time; Preferably, use composition 2 times, the percentage by weight of chitosan oligosaccharide is 0.0015%-0.015% in the wherein said composition; Preferably, to account for the percentage by weight of composition be 0.0025%-0.01% to chitosan oligosaccharide.
In the said method, said composition can prepare liquid preparation or solid pharmaceutical preparation.Liquid preparation can be any liquid preparation of agriculture usefulness, and solid pharmaceutical preparation also is any solid pharmaceutical preparation of agriculture usefulness.Preferably, liquid preparation is an aqua, microemulsion, water dispersible granules or suspending agent; Solid pharmaceutical preparation is preferably wetting powder or granule.
In the said method; Said crop is meant any plant of directly or indirectly cultivating for the human needs; Preferably, said crop is selected from citrus, banana, pears, grape, mango, lichee, longan, apple, peach, apricot, Buddhist nun monkey peach, strawberry, cherry, sweet cherry, strawberry, watermelon, cucumber, tomato, sponge gourd, balsam pear, wax gourd, capsicum, pimento, eggplant, wheat, paddy rice, corn, tealeaves, cotton or the like.
The evaluation object of said crop quality is the valuable results object of crop, generally is meant the organ of terminal storage assimilation substance, like seed, fruit, piece root, stem tuber etc., also comprises the also young tender organ in growth, like root, stem, leaf, flower, fruit etc.
In the said method, said crop quality is meant the crop object of results, and the quality of product just is directly connected to the economic worth of product.Quality mainly refers to chemical composition or physical index, and chemical index is the content of various valuable components, and the material resources index is meant outward appearance, hardness, color, taste of crop harvesting object etc.
For example:
The content of vitamin, soluble sugar, organic acid, water-solubility protein etc. in vegetables, the fruit.
The quality of cereal crops, protein of cereal crop and content of amino acids thereof.The protein of edible legume crop, content of amino acids etc.; The contents of starch that contains in piece root of tuber crops or the stem tuber, the content of vitamin.
The quality that adds working substance except that cotton, mainly is fibre length, width and the fiber bundle pulling force of bast fiber crop in the fiber crop.The content of the fat of the seed of oil crop is like oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, sinapic acid etc.The content of sucrose in sugar [yielding such as beet and sugarcane piece root and the stem stalk.The hobby crop is like the quality of tobacco of tobacco, chemical composition, fragrant jealous etc.
The quality of forage crop is like protein content, amino acid composition, crude fiber content etc. in the cauline leaf of forage crop.
Preferably; Said crop quality is the content of vitamin, soluble sugar, organic acid, water-solubility protein in vegetables and the fruit, protein content of cereal crop and amino acid content, protein and the amino acid content of edible legume crop; The content of starch and vitamin in piece root of tuber crops or the stem tuber; The fibre length of bast fiber crop, width and fiber bundle pulling force, the fat content of the seed of oil crop, the content of sucrose in beet and sugarcane piece root and the stem stalk.
In the said method, any method effectively commonly used when the method for using is meant the applications of pesticide includes but not limited to powder injection process, spray-on process, fumigating system, soil treatment method or smog method etc.
Wherein powder injection process is meant that the wind-force that utilizes duster to produce is sprinkling upon the agricultural chemicals of pulvis the surface of crop or controlling object equably; Spray-on process is meant with a certain amount of agricultural chemicals and an amount of water and is made into soup, with the spraying apparatus medicine liquid spray is become droplet, is evenly distributed in crop or controlling object surface; Fumigating system is meant and adopts fumigant or volatile medicament, makes its volatilization become the effectively gas of prevention and elimination of disease and pests; The soil treatment method is meant and takes to spray, dusts, spreads methods such as pesticide-clay mixture, imposes on agricultural chemicals equably in ground or the certain soil layer; The smog method is meant utilizes special-purpose facility to be dispersed into smoke condition to the oily agricultural chemicals, to reach the method for Pesticidal and sterilizing weeding.
Among the present invention, chitosan oligosaccharide is that Glucosamine passes through 1, and the degree of polymerization that the 4-glycosidic bond is formed by connecting is the mixture of the high molecular polymer of 2-30, and mean molecule quantity is 1000-3000 dalton.Chitosan oligosaccharide can be through any means preparation, and for example following method: deacetylation is the mixture of the chitosan oligomer of 2-30 at the shitosan more than 70% through the degree of polymerization that methods such as mechanical degradation method, chemical degradation method, enzyme edman degradation Edman, glycosyl transfer method, composite degradation method prepare.Perhaps, be the mixture of the chitosan oligomer of 2-30 through from fungal cell wall, extracting the degree of polymerization that obtains chitin and prepare through methods such as mechanical degradation method, chemical degradation method, enzyme edman degradation Edman, glycosyl transfer method, composite degradation methods.Perhaps, through passing through 1 by Glucosamine, the degree of polymerization that the chemosynthesis of 4-glycosidic bond is polymerized is the mixture of polymers of 2-30.Chitosan oligosaccharide is the mixture of the high molecular polymer of various polymerization thing at present, that is to say in the chitosan oligosaccharide to be not the oligosaccharides form of the single degree of polymerization, but the chitosan oligosaccharide monose of every kind of degree of polymerization possibly exist all.So no matter prepare through which kind of method; The commercially available prod that perhaps prepares through above-mentioned preparation method, as long as it is that Glucosamine passes through 1, the degree of polymerization that the 4-glycosidic bond is formed by connecting is that 2-30, mean molecule quantity are that the mixture of the daltonian high molecular polymer of 1000-3000 is exactly a chitosan oligosaccharide of the present invention; It can contain acetyl group; But the sugar unit of bonding acetyl group is no more than 40% amount, preferably is no more than 30% amount, especially preferably is no more than 20% amount.Commercially available chitosan oligosaccharide all is the chitosan oligosaccharide product that above-mentioned chitosan oligosaccharide term is set forth basically at present.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The present invention has found to be used to improve the composition pesticide that comprises chitosan oligosaccharide of crop quality; This composition pesticide can improve crop quality, has particularly found the special effect of chitosan oligosaccharide when improving crop quality of certain concentration, solves the major issue of improving crop quality; Especially use the composition pesticide that comprises chitosan oligosaccharide after handling crop; Not only improve crop quality, and can not have residue of pesticide doing the deposits yields poisoning.Contribution that the present invention is special also is to use good chance and the concentration that chitosan oligosaccharide improves crop quality through having discovered, improved the effect that chitosan oligosaccharide improves crop quality greatly.
Embodiment
In order to understand the present invention, further specify the present invention with embodiment below, but do not limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
5% chitosan oligosaccharide solution with water is diluted to application corresponding concentration respectively; Concentration is calculated according to weight percent concentration; In outcome record, calculate with ppm (1,000,000/) concentration, what 50ppm represented in the outcome record below is that weight percent concentration is 0.005%.Clear water is handled as contrast.Solution after the dilution is in the crop of each vegetative stage according to the demand treatment by stages, and be 7 days blanking time that sprays processing.Each processing is observed and is detected through 3 experimental field (667 square metres); Crop quality through will spraying the chitosan oligosaccharide aqua compares with the quality that sprays the crop of clear water, calculates the crop that sprays the chitosan oligosaccharide aqua compares raising on corresponding index with respect to the crop that sprays clear water percentage etc.
Concrete disposition and effect are following:
In the above table, the protein determination of note 1 is according to the GB prescriptive procedure---kjeldahl determination GB/T 5009.5-1985 measures.
Ascorbic assay is according to State Standard of the People's Republic of China's fruit, vegetables Vitamin C content determination method (2,6-dichloroindophenol titrating solution) (GB 6195-86).
The mensuration of soluble sugar is according to GB 6194-1986 standard test.
Physical behaviors such as color and luster degree, grain plumpness are watched evaluation through many people, and wherein the haw rate is meant the ratio of the apple fruit of 4/5ths above red colorations.
Show through above-mentioned experiment, be single or all use the composition that comprises chitosan oligosaccharide in each stage continuously, all the certain quality of crop is improved and played good effect.
Claims (8)
1. a composition pesticide that is used to improve crop quality comprises chitosan oligosaccharide in this composition pesticide, and the percentage by weight that chitosan oligosaccharide accounts for this composition pesticide is 0.0015%-0.015%.Preferably, to account for the percentage by weight of this composition pesticide be 0.0025%-0.01% to chitosan oligosaccharide.
2. the composition pesticide that comprises chitosan oligosaccharide is used to improve the purposes of crop quality; The percentage by weight that it is characterized in that comprising chitosan oligosaccharide in the composition pesticide of chitosan oligosaccharide is 0.0015%-0.015%; Preferably, to account for the percentage by weight of composition be 0.0025%-0.01% to chitosan oligosaccharide.
3. use the method for the composition for improved crop quality that comprises chitosan oligosaccharide; It is characterized in that crop seedling stage, vegetative period, bloom preceding and/or bloom after use composition, every then at a distance from 5-10 days time, preferred whenever at a distance from time of 7 days; Use once more and the identical or different composition of application concentration first 0-3 time; Preferably, use composition 2 times, the percentage by weight of chitosan oligosaccharide is 0.0015%-0.015% in the wherein said composition; Preferably, to account for the percentage by weight of composition be 0.0025%-0.01% to chitosan oligosaccharide.
4. purposes according to claim 2, wherein crop is selected from citrus, banana, pears, grape, mango, lichee, longan, apple, peach, apricot, Buddhist nun monkey peach, strawberry, cherry, sweet cherry, strawberry, watermelon, cucumber, tomato, sponge gourd, balsam pear, wax gourd, capsicum, pimento, eggplant, wheat, paddy rice, corn, tealeaves and cotton.
5. method according to claim 3, wherein crop is selected from citrus, banana, pears, grape, mango, lichee, longan, apple, peach, apricot, Buddhist nun monkey peach, strawberry, cherry, sweet cherry, strawberry, watermelon, cucumber, tomato, sponge gourd, balsam pear, wax gourd, capsicum, pimento, eggplant, wheat, paddy rice, corn, tealeaves and cotton.
6. according to claim 2 or 4 described purposes; Wherein the evaluation object of crop quality is the valuable results object of crop; The organ that comprises the terminal storage assimilation substance; Organ is seed, fruit, piece root or stem tuber, also comprises the tender organ of in-growth children, and young tender organ is root, stem, leaf, flower or fruit.
7. according to claim 3 or 5 described methods; Wherein the evaluation object of crop quality is the valuable results object of crop; The organ that comprises the terminal storage assimilation substance; Organ is seed, fruit, piece root or stem tuber, also comprises the tender organ of in-growth children, and young tender organ is root, stem, leaf, flower or fruit.
8. according to the described method of claim 3-5; Wherein said crop quality is the content of vitamin, soluble sugar, organic acid, water-solubility protein in vegetables and the fruit; Protein content of cereal crop and amino acid content; Protein and the amino acid content of edible legume crop, the content of starch and vitamin in piece root of tuber crops or the stem tuber, the fibre length of bast fiber crop, width and fiber bundle pulling force; The fat content of the seed of oil crop, the content of sucrose in beet and sugarcane piece root and the stem stalk.
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| CN103430944A (en) * | 2013-09-15 | 2013-12-11 | 海南正业中农高科股份有限公司 | Application of chitosan oligosaccharide-containing composition to promotion of swelling of subterraneous stems and tuberous roots of plants |
| CN104705302A (en) * | 2013-12-12 | 2015-06-17 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Chitosanoligosaccharide compounding preparation for increasing wheat grain quality, and applications thereof |
| CN105994264A (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2016-10-12 | 韦锦鑫 | Blossom-promoting and fruit-protecting agent suitable for summer and autumn cucumbers |
| CN106070306A (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2016-11-09 | 韦锦鑫 | A kind of method improving autumn cucumber seat melon rate |
| CN107306565A (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2017-11-03 | 阜南县凤凰山庄种植养殖专业合作社 | A kind of fertilizing method for improving capsicum Vitamin C content |
| CN112889826A (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2021-06-04 | 山东科太药业有限公司 | Composition containing low molecular chitosan oligosaccharide, preparation and application thereof |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103430944A (en) * | 2013-09-15 | 2013-12-11 | 海南正业中农高科股份有限公司 | Application of chitosan oligosaccharide-containing composition to promotion of swelling of subterraneous stems and tuberous roots of plants |
| CN104705302A (en) * | 2013-12-12 | 2015-06-17 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Chitosanoligosaccharide compounding preparation for increasing wheat grain quality, and applications thereof |
| CN105994264A (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2016-10-12 | 韦锦鑫 | Blossom-promoting and fruit-protecting agent suitable for summer and autumn cucumbers |
| CN106070306A (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2016-11-09 | 韦锦鑫 | A kind of method improving autumn cucumber seat melon rate |
| CN107306565A (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2017-11-03 | 阜南县凤凰山庄种植养殖专业合作社 | A kind of fertilizing method for improving capsicum Vitamin C content |
| CN112889826A (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2021-06-04 | 山东科太药业有限公司 | Composition containing low molecular chitosan oligosaccharide, preparation and application thereof |
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Application publication date: 20120328 |