CN103340201B - Application of chitosan oligosaccharide aqueous solution in promotion of plant tillering - Google Patents

Application of chitosan oligosaccharide aqueous solution in promotion of plant tillering Download PDF

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CN103340201B
CN103340201B CN201310321212.5A CN201310321212A CN103340201B CN 103340201 B CN103340201 B CN 103340201B CN 201310321212 A CN201310321212 A CN 201310321212A CN 103340201 B CN103340201 B CN 103340201B
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chitosan oligosaccharide
aqueous solution
tillering
plant
oligosaccharide aqueous
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CN103340201A (en
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侯华民
张善学
王少龙
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Hainan Zhengye Biotechnology Co ltd
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Hainan Zhengye Zhongnong Hi Tech Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention relates to application of chitosan oligosaccharide aqueous solution in promotion of plant tillering. The application is characterized in that the concentration of chitosan oligosaccharide in the chitosan oligosaccharide aqueous solution is 10-200 ppm, preferably 30-100 ppm. After seeds and plants of crops are treated by using the chitosan oligosaccharide aqueous solution, the increase of plant tillers is promoted, the biological output is improved, no phytotoxicity is caused to the crops, no pesticide residue is formed, and the chitosan oligosaccharide aqueous solution has an obvious effect of promoting tillering of plants such as wheat, paddy, shallots, lawn grass, forage grass, flowers, peanuts, fruit trees, tobaccos, rapes, soybeans and Chinese herbal medicines.

Description

The chitosan oligosaccharide aqueous solution is for promoting the purposes of plant tillering
Technical field
The invention belongs to agriculture field, especially relate to a kind of chitosan oligosaccharide in the application as immune induction preparation, be specifically related to the chitosan oligosaccharide aqueous solution for promoting the purposes of plant tillering.
Background technology
Tiller and be plant at below ground or approach the branch that place, ground occurs.Tiller significant, from ontogeny, each branch can form the root system of oneself, thereby promotes that plant effectively utilizes the applied material in soil, promotes the growth of plant individuality.Tiller and be also conducive to expand application area, effectively strengthen resistance and adaptability.For gramineous plants, solid the tillering of earing of bearing is called effective tiller, can not ear or heading and be acarpously called ineffective tillering.Effective tiller is directly relevant with the spike number of unit are.Increasing effective tiller, is the key of production management.Tillering tassel has formed the main composition factor of plant products together with stem fringe, i.e. mu spike number.Increasing tillers can promote density, quality and the biological yield of turfgrass, herbage.Therefore, promoting to tiller is one of main target of the management such as wheat, paddy rice, green onion, turfgrass, herbage, flowers, peanut, fruit tree, tobacco, rape, soybean, Chinese herbal medicine.
In prior art, disclose comprise chitosan oligosaccharide and fertilizer as seed treatment for improving the tiller number of plant, for example patent application 200810224850 and patent 201010033621, also the useful water-soluble fertilizer that comprises chitosan oligosaccharide increases the tillering ability of plant, for example 200910242450, wherein in the aqueous solution, must comprise shitosan and trace element.From open source literature, cannot determine which kind of material wherein plays the material acting on of tillering is on earth, and complicated component in the product of using, operation inconvenience and high cost.
The present invention finds, using the composition that comprises chitosan oligosaccharide and the fertilizer effect aspect promoting to tiller can use the chitosan oligosaccharide aqueous solution that is formulated into finite concentration scope completely and substitute, both reduce the amount of application of fertilizer, reduced dispenser cost, can also promote the effect of plant tillering simultaneously.
Inventor's discovery, the chitosan oligosaccharide aqueous solution is to promoting wheat, paddy rice, vegetables, tillering of careless class to have obvious effect.
Summary of the invention
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of purposes of chitosan oligosaccharide aqueous solution promotion plant tillering, it is characterized in that the concentration of chitosan oligosaccharide in the chitosan oligosaccharide aqueous solution is 10-200ppm, be preferably 30-100ppm.
The present invention also provides the application chitosan oligosaccharide aqueous solution to promote the method for plant tillering, it is characterized in that the different phase application chitosan oligosaccharide aqueous solution of development of plants to process plant, comprise that plant uses the chitosan oligosaccharide aqueous solution seedling stage, or vegetation period use the chitosan oligosaccharide aqueous solution, chitosan oligosaccharide concentration of aqueous solution is 30-200ppm, or preferred, the concentration 30-100ppm of chitosan oligosaccharide.
The present invention also provides the application chitosan oligosaccharide aqueous solution to promote the method for plant tillering, the spraying of the chitosan oligosaccharide aqueous solution with 30-100ppm in 5-10 days 1 time is characterized in that emerging, then within after emerging 15-25 days, spray again 1 time with the chitosan oligosaccharide aqueous solution of 30-100ppm, or, selectively, within 30-40 days after emerging, spray again 1 time with the chitosan oligosaccharide aqueous solution of 30-100ppm.
With chitosan oligosaccharide aqueous solution plant after treatment, individual plant tiller stem number and the percentage of earbearing tiller all relatively high.
In such use, plant is wheat, paddy rice, green onion, turfgrass, herbage, flowers, peanut, fruit tree, tobacco, rape, soybean, Chinese herbal medicine etc.Preferred plant is paddy rice, green onion, turfgrass.
In the present invention, chitosan oligosaccharide is the mixture of the degree of polymerization that Glucosamine is formed by connecting by the Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-glycosidic bond high molecular polymer that is 2-30, and mean molecule quantity is 1000-3000 dalton.Chitosan oligosaccharide can be prepared by any means, such as following method: the mixture of the chitosan oligomer that the degree of polymerization that the shitosan of deacetylation more than 70% prepares by methods such as mechanical degradation method, chemical degradation method, enzyme edman degradation Edman, glycosyl transfer method, composite degradation methods is 2-30.Or, obtain chitin and the mixture of the chitosan oligomer that the degree of polymerization for preparing by methods such as mechanical degradation method, chemical degradation method, enzyme edman degradation Edman, glycosyl transfer method, composite degradation methods is 2-30 by extracting from fungal cell wall.Or, the mixture of the polymer that is 2-30 by the degree of polymerization being polymerized by the chemosynthesis of Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-glycosidic bond by Glucosamine.Chitosan oligosaccharide is the mixture of the high molecular polymer of different polymer at present, that is to say in chitosan oligosaccharide to be not the oligosaccharides form of the single degree of polymerization, but the chitosan oligosaccharide monose of every kind of degree of polymerization all may exist.So no matter by which kind of method prepare; or the commercially available prod preparing by above-mentioned preparation method; as long as it is that Glucosamine passes through 1; the degree of polymerization that 4-glycosidic bond is formed by connecting is that 2-30, mean molecule quantity are that the mixture of the daltonian high molecular polymer of 1000-3000 is exactly chitosan oligosaccharide of the present invention; it can contain acetyl group; but the sugar unit of bonding acetyl group is no more than 40% amount, be preferably no more than 30% amount, be especially preferably no more than 20% amount.The chitosan oligosaccharide product that commercially available chitosan oligosaccharide is all set forth for above-mentioned chitosan oligosaccharide term substantially at present.
The above-mentioned chitosan oligosaccharide aqueous solution refers to the solution that only contains chitosan oligosaccharide and water.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The present invention has found that the aqueous solution that comprises chitosan oligosaccharide is for promoting the special effect of plant tillering, solve plant tillering few or postpone sowing time or temperature reduces the major issue that affects plant tillering, especially processing after the seed and plant of plant with comprising the chitosan oligosaccharide aqueous solution, not only promote plant tillering, and strong sprout, disease-resistant.The special contribution of the present invention is also to have found that by research application chitosan oligosaccharide promotes good chance and the concentration of plant tillering, has greatly improved the effect of chitosan oligosaccharide promotion plant tillering.
Embodiment
In order to understand the present invention, further illustrate the present invention with embodiment below, but do not limit the present invention.
5% chitosan oligosaccharide solution with water is diluted to respectively to corresponding application concentration, and clear water is processed in contrast.
Embodiment 1 chitosan oligosaccharide is to the paddy rice growth promoting effect of tillering
Carry out in white lotus town, Chengmai, Hainan peasant household rice field.Process with the different water diluent sprayings of 5% chitosan oligosaccharide at different time.The tillering quantity of statistics paddy rice is observed in rice transplanting after 2 months.
Table 1 chitosan oligosaccharide is processed the effect to rice tillering
As can be seen from Table 1, the rice tillering number after chitosan oligosaccharide solution-treated is higher than the rice tillering number of clear water processing, and after emerging, 15d spraying 50ppm chitosan oligosaccharide is processed higher than 30d spraying after emerging the tiller number of paddy rice.In addition, outstanding, the continuous processing of the chitosan oligosaccharide aqueous solution after emerging is for the tool of the tillering effect of increasing significantly.
Embodiment 2 chitosan oligosaccharides are to the short effect of tillering of chive
Select 2-3 sheet leaf and height, thickness, chive seedling that root situation is consistent from rice shoot district, 30min in the chitosan oligosaccharide solution that to immerse concentration be 50ppm, evenly transplanting is surveyed experimental field community in illumination, the consistent life of soil.After transplanting, establish chitosan oligosaccharide solution 0-2 time of different variable concentrations, after 3 months, observe the tillering quantity of statistics green onion.
Table 2 chitosan oligosaccharide is processed the effect that chive is tillered
As can be seen from Table 2, after the chive transplanting of soaking root processing through chitosan oligosaccharide solution, chive tiller number soaks the tiller number of root processing higher than clear water, and the short effect of tillering of seed treatment is better than spraying in seedling stage and the short effect of tillering of spraying in vegetative period.In addition, in addition, the mean tillering number of chitosan oligosaccharide processing is higher than the compositions-treated of chitosan oligosaccharide and shitosan.Before soaking root and results, spray 10-60ppm chitosan oligosaccharide solution 2 times, chive tiller number obviously improves, and chive, through the processing of chitosan oligosaccharide different modes, improves tillering capacity and reaches 4-16%.Especially the chitosan oligosaccharide solution 2 times that sprays 20-50ppm, chive tiller number is more.
Embodiment 3 chitosan oligosaccharides are to the short effect of tillering of turfgrass
Sowing, in the consistent flowerpot of rich water, is diluted to variable concentrations at different time with 5% chitosan oligosaccharide and processes.After emerging 3 months, observe the tillering quantity of statistics annual bluegrass.
Table 3 chitosan oligosaccharide is processed the effect that annual bluegrass is tillered
As can be seen from Table 3, the annual bluegrass tiller number after chitosan oligosaccharide solution-treated is higher than the tiller number of clear water processing.

Claims (3)

1. the application chitosan oligosaccharide aqueous solution promotes the method for plant tillering, the spraying of the chitosan oligosaccharide aqueous solution with 30-100ppm in 5-10 days 1 time is characterized in that emerging, then within after emerging 15-25 days, spray again 1 time with the chitosan oligosaccharide aqueous solution of 30-100ppm, or, selectively, within 30-40 days after emerging, spray again 1 time with the chitosan oligosaccharide aqueous solution of 30-100ppm.
2. method according to claim 1, wherein plant is wheat, paddy rice, green onion, turfgrass, herbage, flowers, peanut, fruit tree, tobacco, rape, soybean, Chinese herbal medicine.
3. method according to claim 2, plant is paddy rice, green onion or turfgrass.
CN201310321212.5A 2013-07-26 2013-07-26 Application of chitosan oligosaccharide aqueous solution in promotion of plant tillering Active CN103340201B (en)

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CN104705345B (en) * 2013-12-12 2018-03-20 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 A kind of chitosan oligosaccharide complex preparation and its application for being used to promote wheat tillering
CN105110895A (en) * 2015-07-31 2015-12-02 青岛博智汇力生物科技有限公司 Special growth regulator for pasture

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CN1520723A (en) * 2003-01-30 2004-08-18 中国科学院上海植物生理研究所 Chitosan oligosaccharide containging pesticide composition and its application
WO2005085444A1 (en) * 2004-03-03 2005-09-15 National Institute Of Agrobiological Sciences Chithin oligosaccharide elicitor-binding protein
CN101543230A (en) * 2008-03-28 2009-09-30 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 Plant stress-resistant inducer and application thereof

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CN1520723A (en) * 2003-01-30 2004-08-18 中国科学院上海植物生理研究所 Chitosan oligosaccharide containging pesticide composition and its application
WO2005085444A1 (en) * 2004-03-03 2005-09-15 National Institute Of Agrobiological Sciences Chithin oligosaccharide elicitor-binding protein
CN101543230A (en) * 2008-03-28 2009-09-30 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 Plant stress-resistant inducer and application thereof

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