CN102405802A - Environmental temperature and humidity semi-automatic regulation and control system for blueberry tender shoot cuttage seedling culture - Google Patents
Environmental temperature and humidity semi-automatic regulation and control system for blueberry tender shoot cuttage seedling culture Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an environmental temperature and humidity semi-automatic regulation and control system for blueberry tender shoot cuttage seedling culture, and relates to the fields of automatic control and rapid sprout propagation. In the system, a structure in which a large tunnel, a small tunnel, a double-layer sunshade screen and a single-layer plastic film is adopted, wherein the small tunnel is nested in the large tunnel; temperature-control instruments and an intermittent spray controller are used for controlling underground water spray and manual operation; therefore, the cuttage rooting environmental factors of blueberry tender shoots in the small plastic tunnel are regulated and controlled in a required index range, so that the seedling survival rate and seedling quality of the blueberry are improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to automation control and the fast numerous field of new talent, is the tender tip cuttage and seedling culture of a kind of blueberry environment temperature, the semi-automatic regulator control system of humidity specifically.
Background technology
Containing compositions such as anthocyan, natural visual purple, niacin in the blueberry fruit, have effects such as anticancer, enhances human body immunocompetence, can be rated as the king of world's fruit, is a kind of universally acknowledged precious fruit resource, and DEVELOPMENT PROSPECT is high.Present blueberry is slower development at home, and main cause is the difficulty of growing seedlings.The domestic research and development that just begin blueberry after 1998 lag behind external far away.Because blueberry adopts traditional propagation method such as sowing, open country branch cutting, press strip and common green house branch cutting and group to train and breeds; All there is low, the problem slow, that growing-seedling period is long, cost is high of taking root of automatization level, seriously hindered the development of blueberry in China.Patent No. 201010112133.x patent literature discloses a sweet cherry dwarf tiptoes rooting cuttings of new shoots three regulation sheds, greenhouses sets using a double shade net shed, double plastic film, double spray structure nursery facilities, capable of breeding environment for three regulation, environmental factors controlling the rooting within the required indicators, will help improve the rooting rate, rooting rate and seeding survival rate, but requires a lot of rolling machine shed, plastic film, wall and other facilities, temperature and humidity by the artificial manipulation of the initial investment is high, labor-intensive, can not accurately control the temperature, presence of nursery environment that the risk of a high temperature above 35 ℃, and blueberry shoots on rooting process is very sensitive to temperatures above 35 ℃, high temperature short time will cause massive death, thus affecting the survival rate of seedlings.
Summary of the invention
For solving the technical problem of above-mentioned existence; The invention provides the tender tip cuttage and seedling culture of a kind of blueberry environment temperature, the semi-automatic regulator control system of humidity; Adopt the structure of booth cover hut, double-deck sunshade net, single layer plastics films, control underground well water spray and manual operation, the tender tip cuttage root-taking of the blueberry in little shed envirment factor is regulated and control in conjunction with temperature control instrument, intermittent shower controller; It is controlled at requires in the index, thereby improve the survival rate of seedling and the quality of growing seedlings of blueberry.
For achieving the above object, the technical scheme that the present invention adopts is following:
The tender tip cuttage and seedling culture of a kind of blueberry environment temperature, the semi-automatic regulator control system of humidity; Include big arch shed and evenly be arranged at the little shed in the big arch shed; Be provided with the water main that is connected with immersible pump in the big arch shed, the top of each little shed is provided with the adjustable nozzle that is communicated with water main, evenly is provided with the cave dish of taking root in the little shed; The dish below, cave of taking root is provided with the husky bed that leaks; Be provided with temperature sensor, moisture detector and illumination detector in the little shed, temperature sensor is connected through the signal cable temperature control instrument outside with being arranged at big arch shed, it is characterized in that; Said big arch shed includes steel pipe support and is fixed on the steel pipe crossbeam on the steel pipe support; Steel pipe crossbeam top is equipped with big arch shed sunshade net, and the hut support top of said little shed is equipped with plastic film and little shed sunshade net successively, is connected with the intermittent shower controller between temperature control instrument and the immersible pump.
Said intermittent shower controller includes power supply conversion and output control circuit and respectively connected mechanical type dial-up and regulates a second timing circuit, flip-flop circuit I, control signal change-over circuit, power output change-over circuit, flip-flop circuit II and mechanical type dial-up adjusting branch timing circuit; A said mechanical type dial-up adjusting second timing circuit, flip-flop circuit I, mechanical type dial-up are regulated and are divided timing circuit, control signal change-over circuit, power output change-over circuit to connect in order; Said mechanical type dial-up is regulated a second timing circuit and is connected with the control signal change-over circuit, and said flip-flop circuit II is regulated a second timing circuit with the mechanical type dial-up respectively, the mechanical type dial-up is regulated and divided timing circuit to be connected.
The operating ambient temperature of said temperature control instrument is-5～53 ℃.
The shading rate of said big arch shed sunshade net is 50%.
The shading rate of said little shed sunshade net is 60%.
The present invention adopts the tactic pattern of booth cover hut, double-deck sunshade net individual layer layer plastic film; Utilize the transparent heat insulating of shading cooling, heat and moisture preserving characteristic and little shed plastic film of natural low temperature resource and the sunshade net of underground well water to regulate and control temperature, humidity in the little shed; Not only saved initial cost; Also reduce labour intensity and operation easier significantly, thereby reduced seedling cost, adopted the sunshade net of shading rate 50 ﹪ to cover the big arch shed skin comprehensively; Need not regulate the sunshade area; Just can be controlled at big arch shed temperature in 25 ℃～38 ℃ scopes,, just can dynamically be controlled at 25 ℃～35 ℃ of blueberry the best nursery temperatures and the best to little shed temperature, humidity and grow seedlings in humidity 85 ﹪～100 ﹪ scopes again through to the automanual regulation and control of facilities such as little shed sunshade net, plastic film, intermittent shower; Avoid occurring in the little shed risk of high temperature, improved the automatization level that blueberry is grown seedlings.
At high temperature season; The present invention makes the tender tip cuttage root-taking of blueberry envirment factors process secondary regulation and control such as temperature, relative moisture, illumination, ground temperature in the little shed, and dynamic regulation scope, precision, stability are compared with traditional green house, and substantive raising has all been arranged; Can be controlled at the envirment factor of mainly taking root fast and require in the index; Make rooting rate advance to 25 days by 90 days, rooting rate rises to 100% by 15%, and new shoot survival percent rises to more than 95% by 50%; Growing-seedling period was brought up to 3 months by 12 months, and simultaneously new talent root system quality has also had and significantly improves.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a canopy body structure sketch map of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the circuit theory sketch map of intermittent shower controller of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is an operation principle sketch map of the present invention.
Embodiment
Describe the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment:
Be illustrated in figure 1 as the canopy body structure sketch map that the present invention adopts, include big arch shed 1 and evenly be arranged at the B in the big arch shed 1
1, B
2, B
3Three little sheds 2.The canopy body builds up along North and South direction; Big arch shed mainly is made up of the big arch shed sunshade net 9 of 1 shading rate, 50 ﹪, steel pipe crossbeam 8, steel pipe support 7 etc.; Steel pipe crossbeam 8 is fixed on the steel pipe support 7; Being equipped with big arch shed sunshade net 9 on the steel pipe crossbeam 8, is length along North and South direction, its length and width, rises size and is respectively 80m, 7m, 2m; Little shed 2 is built in the big arch shed 1; North and South direction is a length, its length and width, rises size and is respectively 77 m, 1.9 m, 0.65 m, mainly is made up of little shed sunshade net 12, plastic film 11, the little shed support 10 of shading rate 60 ﹪, the cave dish 5 of taking root, the husky bed 6 that leaks etc.; Be equipped with plastic film 11 and little shed sunshade net 12 on the little shed support 10 successively; The little shed 2 set inside cave dish 5 of taking root, the cave of taking root is coiled 5 belows and is provided with the husky bed 6 that leaks, and husky bed 6 high 18cm leak; Main effect makes bleeds shower water underground, prevents to form the puddles of water 5 times at the cave dish of taking root.Be provided with the water main 3 that is connected with immersible pump in the big arch shed 1, the 50cm place, top of the little shed 2 of distance is provided with the adjustable nozzle 4 that is communicated with water main 3, establishes 1 along the every 100cm of North and South direction, such three little shed 2 corresponding three water mains 3 and A
1, A
2, A
33 adjustable nozzles 4.Be provided with temperature sensor, humidity sensor, optical sensor in the little shed 2; Be placed on respectively have temperature, humidity, the representational position of illumination; Be connected with the temperature control instrument that is arranged at big arch shed 1 outside night shift room, humidity measurement instrument, illumination detector respectively through signal cable; The operating ambient temperature of temperature control instrument is improved to-5～53 ℃ by original 1～40 ℃, is suitable at the high temperature season blueberry and grows seedlings.Be connected with the intermittent shower controller between temperature control instrument and the adjustable nozzle 4.
As shown in Figure 2; Said intermittent shower controller includes power supply conversion and output control circuit and respectively connected mechanical type dial-up and regulates a second timing circuit, flip-flop circuit I, control signal change-over circuit, power output change-over circuit, flip-flop circuit II and mechanical type dial-up adjusting branch timing circuit; A said mechanical type dial-up adjusting second timing circuit, flip-flop circuit I, mechanical type dial-up are regulated and are divided timing circuit, control signal change-over circuit, power output change-over circuit to connect in order; Said mechanical type dial-up is regulated a second timing circuit and is connected with the control signal change-over circuit, and said flip-flop circuit II is regulated a second timing circuit with the mechanical type dial-up respectively, the mechanical type dial-up is regulated and divided timing circuit to be connected.
For convenient explanation, divide according to function, immersible pump, setting magnetic valve are on it reached the adjustable nozzle 4 that is communicated with immersible pump abbreviate performer as.Power supply conversion and output control circuit receive the signal controlling from temperature control instrument; When receiving upper limit control signal; D.C. regulated power supply after the output conversion; Being respectively a mechanical type dial-up adjusting second timing circuit, flip-flop circuit I, control signal change-over circuit, power output change-over circuit, flip-flop circuit II and the adjusting of mechanical type dial-up divides six element circuits of timing circuit that suitable working power is provided; When receiving the lower limit control signal, the output of no working power, six element circuits and performer all get into off-position.Said mechanical type dial-up is regulated second two kinds of control signals of timing circuit output, and a kind of control signal change-over circuit that is transported to makes this circuit output spray control signal; Control power output change-over circuit is the suitable electric energy of power output regularly, promotes performer and gets into the spray duty, and another kind of signal is regulated at the mechanical type dial-up and produced when a second timing circuit regularly finishes; Control flip-flop circuit I produces triggering signal, and this signal makes the mechanical type dial-up regulate the branch timing circuit and picks up counting, and exports two kinds of signals; A kind of signal makes control signal change-over circuit output gap control signal, and control power output change-over circuit stops to export electric energy, makes the performer outage; Another kind of signal is regulated at the mechanical type dial-up and is produced when the branch timing circuit regularly finishes; Be used for controlling the flip-flop circuit II and produce triggering signal, this signal controlling machinery formula dial-up is regulated a second timing circuit and is restarted timing, and the output control signal; Make performer get into the spray duty again; Like this, two kinds of duties of spray and interval form automatic Infinite Cyclic, till temperature control instrument bottoming control signal.
This intermittent shower controller aims at fruit tree cuttage and seedling culture design, have simple to operate, time control accurately, adapt to the extremely low characteristics of abominable working environment, fault rate, can in the abominable power utilization environment that frequent outage, supply voltage fluctuate widely, use.Spray time can be set arbitrarily in 1 ~ 99 second, and can set arbitrarily in 1 ~ 99 minute blanking time, and spray and blanking time, automatic Infinite Cyclic was moved, timing error＜0.6%.Energising and equal adjustable settings time of off-position after accident power-off is switched on again, need not reset parameter, can automatically revert to the preceding duty of outage and work on.
As shown in Figure 3; The present invention adopts the tactic pattern of booth cover hut, two-layer sunshade net layer of plastic film; Improved the operating ambient temperature of temperature control instrument, made full use of the underground well water of natural low temperature, the main environment factor in the little shed has been regulated and control in conjunction with manual operation and intermittent shower controller; It is dynamically remained on require in the index, be adapted at high temperature season and carry out blueberry and grow seedlings.
Temperature control instrument after the improvement shows detected value and setting value with the LED mode outside big arch shed 1; While is according to the variation automatic output control signal of detected value; By the Changing Pattern of manual work according to the envirment factor of growing seedlings in show value and the little shed 2; Regulate sunshade area, film slit, the water spray shape of little shed 2, set spray and blanking time, combine with the control signal of temperature control instrument output; The duty of common control intermittent shower controller; Realization utilize underground well water to the sunshade net 12 of little shed 2, mould the intermittent automatic spray of seedling medium in plastic film 11 and the canopy, on the basis of big arch shed sunshade net 9 regulation and control, control mainly grow seedlings in the little shed 2 envirment factor temperature, humidity, illumination and ground temperature and dynamically remain in the optimum range.
Temperature, ground temperature, humidity, four kinds of parameters of illumination are main environment factors of the tender tip cuttage and seedling culture of blueberry; Because of illumination and ground temperature all in close relations with gas temperature, humidity regulation; So when a certain factor of regulation and control, need to carry out according to the rule that influences each other of gas temperature, humidity and illumination and ground temperature.Specify regulation and control situation below to temperature, ground temperature, humidity, four kinds of envirment factors of illumination.
1) temperature regulation and control:
The temperature Change scope that the tender tip cuttage and seedling culture of blueberry is crossed range request is 25 ℃～35 ℃; Time period at the beginning of annual mid-May to 9 month, intensity of illumination is big, and temperature is high; As continue to use conventional plastic film booth; Careless slightly, will in canopy, cause hot environment far above 35 ℃, it is dead at rooting process to make the tender tip of large quantities of blueberries insert fringe.Therefore, big arch shed 1 is not established plastic film, has only one deck sunshade net, utilize big arch shed sunshade net 9 shading cooling, heat and moisture preserving, etc. characteristic regulate and control the temperature in the big arch shed 1, respond well.Adopt the sunshade net of shading rate 50 ﹪ to cover big arch shed 1 skin comprehensively, need not regulate the sunshade area, just can be controlled at big arch shed 1 temperature in 25 ℃～38 ℃ scopes.
Temperature adjusting comprises temperature and ground temperature in the little shed 2, is controlled the intermittent shower controller automatically, is combined manual operation to accomplish jointly by temperature control instrument.When little shed 2 temperature reach the upper limit set value of temperature control instrument; Temperature control instrument is exported upper limit control signal automatically; Make the intermittent shower controller get the electrician and do, performers such as control immersible pump, adjustable nozzle begin automatic intermittent shower, and little shed 2 temperature are descended.In like manner, when temperature reaches the lower limit set value of temperature control instrument, intermittent shower controller outage, performer stops spray, makes that the temperature rises.When big arch shed 1 temperature meets the requirements, little shed sunshade net 12 is rolled with plastic film 11 simultaneously, make big hut temperature consistent.Manual operation mainly is to regulate the speed that temperature rises, descends.When little shed 2 temperature need to raise fast, be transferred to minimum to little shed 2 sunshade areas, little shed 2 leans on the printing opacity and little shed 2 temperature of heat preservation property fast lifting of plastic film 11 by plastic film 11 airtight coverings.In like manner, when little shed 2 temperature need keep or raise at a slow speed, increase little shed 2 sunshade areas.
When little shed 2 temperature need to reduce fast, plastic film 11 and little shed sunshade net 12 are all adjusted to air-tight state, by the well water intermittent shower of natural low temperature on plastic film 11 and little shed sunshade net 12; On plastic film 11, form sheet flow; On little shed sunshade net 12, form moisture film, and constantly evaporation, the secondary shading of leaning on this current and evaporation and big hut sunshade net; Little shed 2 interior temperature are constantly reduced; In like manner, need to keep or when reducing little shed 2 temperature at a slow speed, reduce little shed 2 sunshade areas.
Manual operation also comprises the adjusting of spray and blanking time, water spray shape (vaporific, point-like, filament shape), when needing fast cooling, increases spray time or reduces blanking time, simultaneously, specking shape or filament shape water.When needing cooling at a slow speed or insulation, reduce spray time or increase blanking time, simultaneously, spray form water or do not spray water.
In the time will keeping little shed 2 temperature, need suitably regulate well water spray time and water spray shape according to temperature Change rules at that time natural light and temperature condition and the little shed 2, make little shed 2 temperature be stabilized in required value.
2) ground temperature regulation and control:
Ground temperature (temperature of seedling medium) regulation and control; To combine with the temperature regulation and control, mainly by adjustment temperature and water spraying time and shape completion, when needing the rising substrate temperature; Increase or keep little shed 2 temperature; Regulate adjustable nozzle 4 spray form water or do not spray water, the water yield of leaking in the matrix is reduced, substrate temperature is gone up naturally.Otherwise need to reduce or keep little shed 2 temperature, regulate the thread water of adjustable nozzle 4 sprays, the water yield of leaking in the matrix is increased, substrate temperature descends.This matrix is liver moss, and these regulation and control can dynamically be controlled at seedling medium any value of best nursery temperature 25-32 ℃.
3) humidity regulation:
Humidity regulation in the little shed 2; Automatically accomplish by performers such as intermittent shower controller control immersible pump, water main 3, adjustable nozzles 4; The spray of intermittent shower controller and blanking time, set according to the Humidity Detection value by manual work, and regularly seedling culture hole plate 5 is sprayed according to humidity Changing Pattern in the little shed 2; The water spray shape can be vaporific, point-like and filament shape, adds humidity in the little shed 2 through increasing water spraying time or reducing blanking time.In like manner, reduce humidity in the little shed 2 blanking time through reducing water spraying time or increasing.These regulation and control can dynamically be controlled at the best any value in humidity 85 ﹪-100 ﹪ of growing seedlings to humidity in the little shed 2.
4) illumination regulation and control
The illumination regulation and control are regulated little shed 2 sunshade net cover-up surfaces by manual work according to the illumination monitor value and are accomplished in the little shed 2, need to combine to regulate and control jointly with temperature when the time temperature rule that influences each other, and when needing to increase illumination, reduce the sunshade area, otherwise increase the sunshade area.
In sum, use this system to grow seedlings and compare with conventional blueberry open country cuttage and seedling culture, rootage duration shortens, and rooting rate and new shoot survival percent raise, and growing-seedling period obviously shortens, and new talent root system quality generally significantly improves simultaneously.Cultivating seedling with group compares; Average seedling cost 85 ﹪ that descended; Compare with the culture facility of the double-deck sunshade net of booth cover hut, double-plastic, double-deck spray structure, saved facilities such as greenhouse curtain rolling machine, plastic film, body of wall, temperature, humidity change semi-automatic control into by manual operation; Significantly reduce initial cost and labour intensity, improved automatization level.
Certainly, above-mentioned explanation is not to be limitation of the present invention, and the present invention also is not limited in above-mentioned giving an example, and variation, remodeling, interpolation or replacement that the technical staff in present technique field is made in essential scope of the present invention also should belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. the tender tip cuttage and seedling culture of a blueberry environment temperature, the semi-automatic regulator control system of humidity; Include big arch shed (1) and evenly be arranged at the little shed (2) in the big arch shed (1); Be provided with the water main (3) that is connected with immersible pump in the big arch shed (1); The top of each little shed (2) is provided with the adjustable nozzle (4) that is communicated with water main (3); Evenly be provided with the cave dish (5) of taking root in the little shed (2), cave dish (5) below of taking root is provided with the husky bed (6) that leaks, and little shed is provided with temperature sensor, humidity sensor and optical sensor in (2); Above-mentioned three kinds of sensors are connected through signal cable temperature control instrument, humidity measurement instrument and the illumination detector outside with being arranged at big arch shed (1) respectively; It is characterized in that said big arch shed (1) includes steel pipe support (7) and is fixed on the steel pipe crossbeam (8) on the steel pipe support (7), steel pipe crossbeam (8) top is equipped with big arch shed sunshade net (9); Hut support (10) top of said little shed (2) is equipped with plastic film (11) and little shed sunshade net (12) successively, is connected with the intermittent shower controller between temperature control instrument and the immersible pump.
2. the tender tip cuttage and seedling culture of a kind of blueberry according to claim 1 environment temperature, the semi-automatic regulator control system of humidity; It is characterized in that; Said intermittent shower controller includes power supply conversion and output control circuit and respectively connected mechanical type dial-up and regulates a second timing circuit, flip-flop circuit I, control signal change-over circuit, power output change-over circuit, flip-flop circuit II and mechanical type dial-up adjusting branch timing circuit; A said mechanical type dial-up adjusting second timing circuit, flip-flop circuit I, mechanical type dial-up are regulated and are divided timing circuit, control signal change-over circuit, power output change-over circuit to connect in order; Said mechanical type dial-up is regulated a second timing circuit and is connected with the control signal change-over circuit, and said flip-flop circuit II is regulated a second timing circuit with the mechanical type dial-up respectively, the mechanical type dial-up is regulated and divided timing circuit to be connected.
3. the tender tip cuttage and seedling culture of a kind of blueberry according to claim 1 environment temperature, the semi-automatic regulator control system of humidity is characterized in that the operating ambient temperature of said temperature control instrument is-5～53 ℃.
4. the tender tip cuttage and seedling culture of a kind of blueberry according to claim 1 environment temperature, the semi-automatic regulator control system of humidity is characterized in that the shading rate of said big arch shed sunshade net (9) is 50%.
5. the tender tip cuttage and seedling culture of a kind of blueberry according to claim 1 environment temperature, the semi-automatic regulator control system of humidity is characterized in that the shading rate of said little shed sunshade net (12) is 60%.
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