CN102388698A - Automatic control system for tobacco seed osmoregulation and use method thereof - Google Patents
Automatic control system for tobacco seed osmoregulation and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102388698A CN102388698A CN2011101907741A CN201110190774A CN102388698A CN 102388698 A CN102388698 A CN 102388698A CN 2011101907741 A CN2011101907741 A CN 2011101907741A CN 201110190774 A CN201110190774 A CN 201110190774A CN 102388698 A CN102388698 A CN 102388698A
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Abstract
The invention provides an automatic control system for tobacco seed osmoregulation and a use method thereof. The control system comprises a manual remote control device, a programmable controller, a seed soaking device, an automatic oxygen supply system, a dehydration system, an automatic water supplying and cleaning system, a water-temperature heating and circulating system and a fixed bracket, wherein the seed soaking device comprises a soaking tank which is arranged on the fixed bracket and is provided with a window, a tank cover lifting device, a stirring device and a net-shaped seed soaking cage arranged in the seed soaking tank; a cloth bag is arranged in the net-shaped seed soaking cage; a fence-shaped support frame having the same shape with the cloth bag is arranged in the cloth bag; and the signal output end of the programmable controller is respectively connected with the signal input ends of the automatic oxygen supply system, the dehydration system, automatic water supplying and cleaning system, the water-temperature heating and circulating system, the tank cover lifting device and the stirring device. The automatic control system can automatically control seeds to be evenly processed, is stable in quality, is time-saving and labor-saving, and is suitable for factory osmoregulation and seed soaking production of small seeds with small volume, such as tobacco, flowers, pasture and the like.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to plant seed osmotic adjustment processing machine and technical field of automatic control, be specifically related to a kind of osmotic adjustment automatic control system and method for using thereof that particulate plant seed osmotic adjustment vernalization such as tobacco, flowers, herbage are handled that be particularly suitable for.
Background technology
The seed of tobacco is very little, and 1 gram seed has the 10000-11000 grain, and the emergence rate of tobacco leaf traditional mode of production seeding and growing seedling amount is low, and big, the thinning of water and fertilizer management difficulty in seedling stage is taken a lot of work, and cigarette seedling quality is poor, and a little less than the resistance of seed sprouting, subjects to the harm of disease worm.Just work out the presprouting of seeds packaging technique afterwards; Promptly before dressing with tobacco seed vernalization; Be in the biologically active of the seed of germinating through advanced person's technology maintenance; Make seed behind dressing, still keep good vitality, can improve the germination vigor and the germination rate (Chinese tobacco cultivation) of seed.States such as the U.S., Brazil, Japan just began tobacco seed pill pelletizing coating Study on Technology the sixties in 20th century; China has begun the research at tobacco seed pill pelletizing coating technical elements in the middle and later periods eighties 20th century; And be able to apply rapidly in leaf tobacco production; The seed-pelleting packaging technique obtains fast development afterwards, and formed that the complete tobacco seed of a cover is bred, processed, popularization, marketing system.Late 1990s, China also worked out the successful tobacco seed vernalization packaging technique of research after the U.S., Brazil to the beginning of this century.Osmotic adjustment in the vernalization packaging technique is to improve the advanced person's of seed vitality one of presprouting of seeds treatment technology, is resisting imbibition and cold injury, shortens the seed germination time, improves the seedling regularity, improves into seedling quality, is improving and show extremely significant superiority aspect crop yield and the quality.Its principle is to put into the very low osmotic adjustment solution of the flow of water to seed, forces slowly imbibition of seed, thereby accomplishes a series of repairs of organelle and film system better; Seed vitality is improved; Improve the sprouting and the productivity of crop seed effectively, make and emerge soon and neat, the healthy and strong raising of seedling seed is in the cold resistance in imbibition stage; Strong stress resistance (osmotic adjustment improves the burley tobaccos seed and resists imbibition and cold injury capability study preliminary study poplar spring thunder 1 etc., Chinese tobacco science 2004).What the osmotic adjustment treatment technology was different with common vernalization technology is: the bleeding agent that uses at present mainly is the polymer substance of polyethylene glycols; Because of concentration big (10%-20%), viscosity are strong, therefore, in processing procedure; The one, the stirring that must not stop is in order to avoid seed deposition caking; The 2nd, guaranteeing has sufficient oxygen supply; The 3rd, after finishing, processing needs to clean repeatedly.Hubei Tobacco Scientific Research Institute was applied to the processing of tobacco seed dressing with " tobacco seed osmotic adjustment technology " in 1997; But when carrying out the processing of tobacco seed osmotic adjustment; Be in individual workship's stage always, promptly take room conditioning control water temperature, goldfish pump air feed, manual work to stir seed, rinsing bath cleaning, a laundry machine dehydration machine in per 10 minutes and dewater.Manual operation is operation trouble, time-consuming not only, and technology is extensive, treatment technology parameter that can't strict each process procedure of control, thereby influence in various degree treatment effect.Disclosed " automatic seed soaking pregermination device " (publication numbers 101569254) in 2009 mainly are fit to the conventional vernalization processing of tobacco seed; Lack osmotic adjustment vernalization and handle devices such as requisite agitating device, cleaning device and seed soaking cage, be not suitable for osmotic adjustment vernalization treatment technology technological requirement fully.
For this reason; Develop the complete tobacco seed osmotic adjustment of a cover and control treatment system automatically, to reduce labour intensity, save the working time, technical parameter is respectively handled in strict control, improve seed treatment effect etc. has very main realistic meaning and practical value.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of automation control, reports to the police automatically; Can realize that the seed osmotic adjustment handles a kind of tobacco seed osmotic adjustment automatic control system and the method for using thereof of overall process, be particularly suitable for that tobacco, flowers, herbage equal-volume are little, the batch production osmotic adjustment seed soaking of the small-sized seed of light weight is produced.
Said a kind of tobacco seed osmotic adjustment automatic control system comprises seed osmotic adjustment device and Computer Control Unit, and seed osmotic adjustment device comprises seed soaking device, demand system, dewatering system, automatic water-supply and purging system, water temperature heating circulation system and fixed support; Computer Control Unit is made up of artificial remote control and Programmable Logic Controller; The seed soaking device comprises and being located at having form seed soaking jar, cover elevator, agitating device and being located at a seed soaking jar interior netted seed soaking cage on the fixed support; In netted seed soaking cage, be provided with cloth bag; Be provided with the paliform bracing frame identical with its shape in the cloth bag, cover elevator and agitating device all are arranged on the cover; Be provided with first drainpipe that is communicated with dewatering system and the outlet pipe that is communicated with the cold water water inlet of water temperature heating circulation system at the seed soaking pot bottom; On first drainpipe, be provided with first and go out water solenoid valve; Sidewall is provided with the water inlet pipe that is communicated with water temperature heating circulation system water side, on cover, offers the through hole that automatic water-supply and purging system and demand system are communicated with the seed soaking jar; The signal output part of said Computer Control Unit is come in and gone out to hold with the signal of demand system, dewatering system, automatic water-supply and purging system, water temperature heating circulation system, cover elevator and agitating device respectively and is connected.
Said demand system comprises inflating pump; The tracheae of inflating pump stretches into seed soaking jar inner bottom part through one of them through hole on the cover; And tracheae and cover contact position are through the seal sealing; On tracheae, be provided with air gauge, end is provided with to make irritates the interior evenly oxygen supply ring of oxygen supply, and the signal output part of Programmable Logic Controller is connected with the signal input part of inflating pump.
Said dewatering system comprises air accumulator and vavuum pump;, first of first drainpipe is provided with first three-way connection above going out water solenoid valve; The air inlet pipe of air accumulator is communicated with first drainpipe through first three-way connection; Air intake duct is connected with the suction end of vavuum pump, on the air inlet pipe of air accumulator, is provided with second and goes out water solenoid valve, is provided with second drainpipe in the bottom of air accumulator; On second drainpipe, be provided with the 3rd and go out water solenoid valve, the signal output part of Programmable Logic Controller goes out the signal input part that water solenoid valve and the 3rd goes out water solenoid valve with vavuum pump, second respectively and is connected.
Said automatic water-supply and purging system comprise cleaning water inlet pipe and the shower nozzle with the external source cross current; Shower nozzle is arranged on one of them through hole on the cover; Its sprinkling face is in the seed soaking jar, and through the seal sealing, the water side of cleaning water inlet pipe is connected with the water inlet of shower nozzle; On the cleaning water inlet pipe, be provided with first entering water electromagnetic valve, the signal output part of Programmable Logic Controller is connected with the signal input part of first entering water electromagnetic valve.
Affiliated water temperature heating circulation system comprises circulating pump, the automatic heater that is installed on the fixed support and is arranged on a seed soaking jar interior water temperature inductor; Circulating pump one end is communicated with the outlet pipe of seed soaking pot bottom; The other end is communicated with the water inlet pipe of external source water inlet pipe and automatic heater respectively through second three-way connection; The water side of automatic heater is communicated with the side water inlet pipe and the high temperature drainpipe of seed soaking jar respectively; On the external source water inlet pipe, be provided with second entering water electromagnetic valve, the signal output part of Programmable Logic Controller is connected with circulating pump, water temperature inductor, automatic heater and the signal input part of second entering water electromagnetic valve respectively.
Said cover elevator comprises lifting motor and the hoistway that is installed on the fixed support; The lifting shaft of lifting motor is connected with cover through the up-down connecting plate; The other end of up-down connecting plate embeds in the slideway of hoistway; And can slide up and down along slideway, the signal output part of Programmable Logic Controller is connected with the signal input part of lifting motor.
Said agitating device is made up of stirring motor and shaft; Stirring motor is located at cover top; Shaft is connected with the output of stirring motor, is provided with a plurality of dentations and sheet paddle at the stirring end of shaft, and the output of meter Programmable Logic Controller is connected with the signal input part of stirring motor.
A kind ofly use above-mentioned tobacco seed osmotic adjustment automatic control system to carry out the method for seed osmotic adjustment, be divided into following five stages:
(1) dissolution phase of bleeding agent, concrete steps are following:
The fastening bolt of a, slurry cover is backed out, and the demand system that filling is covered unclamps with the cover connecting portion with automatic water-supply and purging system, energized, and Computer Control Unit control elevator is promoted to cover at the height place that is higher than the jar of soaking seed;
B. in the seed soaking jar, pour bleeding agent according to predefined aimed concn into;
C, Computer Control Unit control elevator descends cover and covers completely, through bolt itself and tank body is fixed simultaneously, and demand system and automatic water-supply and purging system and cover connecting portion are fixed;
D. Computer Control Unit control automatic water-supply and purging system inject the water of the required 1/3-1/2 of aimed concn in jar, through artificial remote control set water temperature, time, speed of agitator and air inflow;
E, confirm that bleeding agent dissolves fully, stop to stir and air feed powered-down;
(2), seed soaking processing stage, concrete steps are following:
A, the fastening bolt of cover is backed out, and demand system and automatic water-supply and purging system and cover connecting portion are unclamped, energized, Computer Control Unit control elevator is promoted to cover at the height place that is higher than seed soaking jar;
B, with netted seed soaking cage, seed cloth bag and the paliform bracing frame that is used to support cloth bag put into seed soaking and irritate, pour seed to be soaked seed into, the volume ratio of grain weight and penetrating fluid is 10: 100-120;
C, Computer Control Unit control elevator descends cover and covers completely, through bolt itself and tank body is fixed simultaneously, and demand system and automatic water-supply and purging system and cover connecting portion are fixed;
D, set seed-soaking time, water temperature, speed of agitator, air inflow, scavenging period through artificial remote control;
E. manually press the control button on the Controlled by Programmable Controller panel; The water filling in seed soaking is irritated of Controlled by Programmable Controller automatic water-supply and cleaning device, automatic water-supply and cleaning device stop to supply water to the target water level, simultaneously water temperature heating circulation system, agitating device, apparatus of oxygen supply carries out the seed-soaking processing by seetting program automatically; When reaching the time of setting; The built-in alarm equipment alarm prompting of Computer Control Unit, 4-7 is after second, and Programmable Logic Controller gets into next program automatically;
(3), wash phase, Computer Control Unit opens automatic water-supply automatically and cleaning device and first goes out water solenoid valve, automatic water-supply and cleaning device to the seed soaking jar in the injection clear water; Agitating device, demand system work on; Penetrating fluid discarded in jar is discharged by first outlet pipe, when reaching the time of setting, and the built-in alarm equipment alarm prompting of Computer Control Unit; 4-7 is after second, and Programmable Logic Controller gets into next program automatically;
(4), the seed water smoking, set first supercharging draining final vacuum through artificial remote control and draw water, after seed cleans and to finish; Programmable Logic Controller is carried out the supercharging drainage procedure, promptly closes automatic water-supply and cleaning device automatically and stops a jar interior water filling, the demand system supercharging in jar that works on; After the supercharging draining finished, Programmable Logic Controller was carried out the vacuum program of drawing water, and promptly closes first automatically and goes out water solenoid valve, demand system; Open dewatering system simultaneously, the moisture of the surface of the seed is taken off to the greatest extent, and put and irritate interior ponding; The prompting of the built-in alarm equipment alarm of Computer Control Unit, 4-7 is after second, all stops of Controlled by Programmable Controller;
(5), take out seed stage; The fastening bolt of slurry cover is backed out, and demand system and automatic water-supply and purging system and cover connecting portion are unclamped energized; Computer Control Unit control elevator is promoted to proper height with cover; Take out the barrier inner support frame, propose to be equipped with the cloth bag of seed, finish the osmotic adjustment handling procedure.
Water temperature heating circulation system in the processing stage of seed soaking comprises circulating pump, automatic heater, high temperature drainpipe, second entering water electromagnetic valve that is installed on the fixed support and is arranged on the water temperature inductor in the seed soaking jar; Computer Control Unit ON cycle pump; The jar inner cold water is pumped in the automatic heater by circulating pump through irritating end outlet pipe; Inject in the tank body through a seed soaking jar upside water inlet pipe again, realize water circulation; The water temperature inductor detects a jar interior actual water temperature; With the water temperature signal input Programmable Logic Controller that detects; Programmable Logic Controller calculates comparison to detected actual water temperature of water temperature inductor and set water temperature, and when actual water temperature was lower than setting lower limit water temperature, the Controlled by Programmable Controller automatic heater was opened; When actual water temperature is higher than the capping water temperature; The built-in buzzer siren of Computer Control Unit is reported to the police, and closes automatic heater, unlatching second entering water electromagnetic valve, external source cold water entering automatic heater bottom, and hot water is got rid of by the high temperature drainpipe of automatic heater upper end.
Said dewatering system comprises that air accumulator, vavuum pump, second go out water solenoid valve; Computer Control Unit is opened second and is gone out the true pump of water solenoid valve the moisture of the surface of the seed in the jar is taken off to the greatest extent, and after vacuum was drawn water and finished, Programmable Logic Controller was opened the 3rd of air accumulator bottom automatically and gone out water solenoid valve; Put and irritated interior ponding; The built-in alarm equipment alarm prompting of Computer Control Unit, 4-7 is after second, and Programmable Logic Controller is closed all programs automatically.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
(1), adopt this osmotic adjustment treatment system because each item technical parameter control of handling is strict, and germination vigor, the germination rate of tobacco seed are significantly increased, particularly seed is under cryogenic conditions, germination vigor, germination rate improve bigger.
(2), the water temperature handled of osmotic adjustment is controlled at 20 ℃-30 ℃ and is advisable.
(3), adopt this osmotic adjustment automated processing system, reduced manual operation, save cost 8.00-10.00 unit/kg.
The present invention has seed osmotic adjustment vernalization such as the water yield, water temperature, stirring, oxygen supply, cleaning, dehydration and handles the automation control of overall process, automation warning; Seed treatment is even, steady quality; Save advantages such as manpower, time, place, be particularly suitable for that tobacco, flowers, herbage equal-volume are little, the batch production osmotic adjustment seed soaking of the small-sized seed of light weight is produced.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of osmotic adjustment device among the present invention,
Fig. 2 is the computer control principle figure of osmotic adjustment system among the present invention,
Fig. 3 is a process chart of the present invention,
Fig. 4 is the computer control system sketch map of osmotic adjustment system among the present invention,
Fig. 5 is the agitating device structural representation of osmotic adjustment system among the present invention,
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the seed soaking cage of osmotic adjustment system among the present invention.
Among the figure: 1-soaks seed jar, 1-1-cover, the netted seed soaking cage of 2-, 3-cloth bag, 4-paliform bracing frame, 5-lifting motor; The 6-hoistway, the 7-inflating pump, the 8-tracheae, the 9-air gauge, 10-cleans water inlet pipe, 11-first entering water electromagnetic valve; The 12-shower nozzle, 13-circulating pump, 14-automatic heater, 15-water temperature inductor, 16-second entering water electromagnetic valve, 17-outlet pipe; 18-the two or three connects, 19-external source water inlet pipe, the water inlet pipe of 20-automatic heater, 21-side water inlet pipe, 22-high temperature drainpipe, 23-air accumulator; The 23-1-air inlet pipe, the 23-2-air intake duct, the 24-vavuum pump, 25-first drainpipe, 26-supports ring, 27-first three-way connection; 28-first goes out water solenoid valve, and 29-second goes out water solenoid valve, 30-second drainpipe, and 31-the 3rd goes out water solenoid valve, 32-up-down connecting plate, 33-paddle; The 34-stirring motor, 35-shaft, 36-fixed support, 37-Programmable Logic Controller, the artificial remote control of 38-.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is described further.
Among Fig. 1,2,4,6; Said a kind of tobacco seed osmotic adjustment automatic control system; It is characterized in that: said control system comprises seed osmotic adjustment device and Computer Control Unit, and seed osmotic adjustment device comprises seed soaking device, demand system, dewatering system, automatic water-supply and purging system, water temperature heating circulation system and fixed support 36; Computer Control Unit is made up of with Programmable Logic Controller 37 artificial remote control 38; The seed soaking device comprises and being located at having form seed soaking jar 1, cover elevator, agitating device and being located at the netted seed soaking cage 2 in the seed soaking jar on the fixed support 36; In netted seed soaking cage 2, be provided with cloth bag 3; Be provided with the paliform bracing frame 4 identical with its shape in the cloth bag 3, cover elevator and agitating device all are arranged on the cover 1-1; Be provided with first drainpipe 25 that is communicated with dewatering system and the outlet pipe 17 that is communicated with the cold water water inlet of water temperature heating circulation system in seed soaking jar 1 bottom; On first drainpipe 25, be provided with first and go out water solenoid valve 28; Sidewall is provided with the water inlet pipe 21 that is communicated with water temperature heating circulation system water side, on cover 1-1, offers the through hole that automatic water-supply and purging system and demand system are communicated with seed soaking jar 1; The signal output part of said Programmable Logic Controller 37 is come in and gone out to hold with the signal of demand system, dewatering system, automatic water-supply and purging system, water temperature heating circulation system, cover elevator and agitating device respectively and is connected.
Said demand system comprises inflating pump 7; The tracheae 8 of inflating pump 7 stretches into seed soaking jar 1 inner bottom part through one of them through hole on the cover 1-1; And tracheae 8 seals through seal with cover 1-1 contact position; On tracheae 8, be provided with an air gauge 9, end is provided with to make irritates the interior evenly oxygen supply ring 26 of oxygen supply, and the signal output part of Programmable Logic Controller 37 is connected with the signal input part of inflating pump 7.
Said dewatering system comprises air accumulator 23 and vavuum pump 24;, first of first drainpipe 25 is provided with first three-way connection 27 above going out water solenoid valve 28; The air inlet pipe 23-1 of air accumulator 23 is communicated with first drainpipe 25 through first three-way connection 27; Air intake duct 23-2 is connected with the suction end of vavuum pump 24, on the air inlet pipe 23-1 of air accumulator, is provided with second and goes out water solenoid valve 29, is provided with second drainpipe 30 in the bottom of air accumulator 23; On second drainpipe 30, be provided with the 3rd and go out water solenoid valve 31, the signal output part of Programmable Logic Controller 37 goes out the signal input part that water solenoid valve 29 and the 3rd goes out water solenoid valve 31 with vavuum pump 24, second respectively and is connected.
Said automatic water-supply and purging system comprise the cleaning water inlet pipe 10 and shower nozzle 12 with the external source cross current; Shower nozzle 12 is arranged on one of them through hole on the cover 1-1; Its sprinkling face is in the seed soaking jar, and through the seal sealing, the water inlet that cleans the water side shower nozzle 12 of water inlet pipe 10 connects; On cleaning water inlet pipe 10, be provided with first entering water electromagnetic valve 11, the signal output part of Programmable Logic Controller 37 is connected with the signal input part of first entering water electromagnetic valve 11.
The water temperature heating circulation system comprises circulating pump 13, the automatic heater 14 that is installed on the fixed support 36 and is arranged on the water temperature inductor 15 in the seed soaking jar 1; Circulating pump 13 1 ends are communicated with the outlet pipe 17 of seed soaking jar 1 bottom; The other end is communicated with the water inlet pipe 20 of external source water inlet pipe 19 and automatic heater 14 respectively through second three-way connection 18; The water side of automatic heater 14 is communicated with high temperature drainpipe 22 with the side water inlet pipe 21 of seed soaking jar 1 respectively; On external source water inlet pipe 19, be provided with second entering water electromagnetic valve 16, the signal output part of Programmable Logic Controller 37 is connected with circulating pump 13, water temperature inductor 15, automatic heater 14 and the signal input part of second entering water electromagnetic valve 16 respectively.
Said cover elevator comprises the lifting motor 5 and hoistway 6 that is installed on the fixed support; The lifting shaft of lifting motor 5 is connected with cover 1-1 through up-down connecting plate 32; The other end of up-down connecting plate 32 embeds in the slideway of hoistway 6; And can slide up and down along slideway, the signal output part of Programmable Logic Controller 37 is connected with the signal input part of lifting motor 5.
Among Fig. 5; Said agitating device is made up of stirring motor 34 and shaft 35; Stirring motor 34 is located at cover 1-1 top; Shaft 35 is connected with the output of stirring motor 34, is provided with a plurality of dentations and sheet paddle 33 at the stirring end of shaft 35, and the output of Programmable Logic Controller 37 is connected with the signal input part of stirring motor 5.
Embodiment: a kind of above-mentioned tobacco seed osmotic adjustment automatic control system is carried out osmotic adjustment to the 10Kg tobacco seed, like Fig. 3, is divided into following five stages:
(1) ooze the dissolution phase of adjustment, concrete steps are following:
A, the fastening bolt of cover 1-1 is backed out, unclamped tracheae 8 and clear water water inlet pipe 10, energized, Computer Control Unit control lifting motor 5 is promoted to cover 1-1 and is higher than the suitable height of seed soaking cage 1 tank body;
B. take off shaft 35, oxygen supply ring 26, jar interior tracheae 8, in seed soaking jar 1, pour 10kg into and ooze adjustment, water filling 50kg;
C, load onto shaft 35, oxygen supply ring 26, jar in tracheae 8, computer control system control lifting motor 5 drives covers 1 and descends along hoistway 6 and cover completely, through bolt its and tank body is fixed simultaneously, and tracheae 8 and clear water water inlet pipe 10 are fixed;
D. pass through artificial remote control 38 set water temperature 45-50 ℃, mixing time 20-30 minute, stirring motor 34 rotating speed 50-60 rev/mins, air inflow 0.5-0.8MPa; Optimum data is 45 ℃ of temperature, 60 rev/mins of stirring motor 34 rotating speeds, mixing time 30 minutes, air inflow 0.8MPa;
E, confirm to ooze adjustment and dissolve fully, stop to stir, air feed, powered-down;
(2), seed soaking processing stage, concrete steps are following:
A, the fastening bolt of cover is backed out, unclamped tracheae 8 and clear water water inlet pipe 10, energized, computer control system control lifting motor 5 is promoted to cover 1-1 and is higher than the suitable height of seed soaking cage;
B. take off tracheae 8 in 26 jars of the shafts 35, oxygen supply ring, earlier cloth bag 3 and barrier inner support frame 4 are put into netted seed soaking cage 2, more netted seed soaking cage 2 and inner is put into seed soaking jar 1, to pouring seed 10kg into;
C, load onto shaft 35, oxygen supply ring 26, jar in tracheae 8, Computer Control Unit control lifting motor 5 drives covers 1 and descends along hoistway 6 and cover completely, through bolt its and tank body is fixed simultaneously, and tracheae 8 and clear water water inlet pipe 10 are fixed;
D, set seed soaking times 72-75 hour, water temperature 25-30 ℃, the rotating speed 20-25 of agitating device rev/min, air inflow 0.05-0.08MPa through artificial remote control 38; Scavenging period 20-30 minute, the rotating speed 20-25 of agitating device rev/min, air inflow 0.05-0.08Mpa; Dewatering time 10 minutes, air inflow 0.5-0.8Mpa; Optimum data is seed soaking time 72 hours, 25 ℃ of water temperatures, 25 rev/mins of the rotating speeds of stirring motor 34, air inflow 0.08MPa; 25 rev/mins of set scavenging period simultaneously 30 minutes, the rotating speed of stirring motor 34, air inflow 0.08Mpa sets dewatering time 10 minutes (wherein supercharging draining 5 minutes, vacuum were drawn water 5 minutes), air inflow 0.5-0.8Mpa;
The START button on Programmable Logic Controller 37 control panels is pressed in e, seed soaking, opens first entering water electromagnetic valve 11; Shower nozzle 12 is irritated in seed soaking jar 1 and is injected water; Close to 100kg water level (i.e. 10% plan is oozed and transferred liquid concentration) first entering water electromagnetic valve 11, automatic heater 14, circulating pump 13, stirring motor 34, inflating pump 7 carry out seed-soaking by seetting program and handle; When reaching the time of setting; The built-in alarm equipment alarm of Computer Control Unit (in artificial remote control 38 and Programmable Logic Controller 37, all being provided with alarm) prompting, after 5 seconds, Programmable Logic Controller 37 gets into next program automatically;
(3), wash phase, after the seed soaking stage finished, computer controller was opened the first water inlet electromagnetism automatically; 11 and first goes out water solenoid valve 28, and shower nozzle 12 is irritated in seed soaking jar 1 and injected clear water, and agitating device, automatic apparatus of oxygen supply work on; Waste water (penetrating fluid) is discharged by first outlet pipe 25 in jar, when reaching the time of setting, and the built-in alarm equipment alarm prompting of Computer Control Unit; After 5 seconds, Programmable Logic Controller 37 gets into next program automatically;
(4), the seed water smoking, after wash phase finished, Programmable Logic Controller 37 was carried out the supercharging drainage procedures; Promptly close first entering water electromagnetic valve 11 automatically and stop jar interior 1 water filling, the automatically apparatus of oxygen supply jar interior supercharging (acceleration draining) that works on is after 5 minutes; Programmable Logic Controller 37 is carried out the vacuum program of drawing water, and promptly closes first automatically and goes out water solenoid valve 28, inflating pump 7, shower nozzle 12 and annotate clear water in stopping to irritate, and opens dewatering system simultaneously; The moisture of the surface of the seed is taken off to the greatest extent, and Programmable Logic Controller 37 controls second go out water solenoid valve 29 opens, and vavuum pump 24 takes off the moisture of the surface of the seed in the jar to the greatest extent; After 5 minutes, open second of air accumulator 23 bottoms automatically and go out water solenoid valve 31, put and irritated interior ponding; The built-in alarm equipment alarm prompting of Computer Control Unit, after 5 seconds, Programmable Logic Controller 37 is closed all programs automatically;
(6), take out seed stage, the fastening bolt of slurry cover 1-1 is backed out, and unclamps tracheae 8 and clear water water inlet pipe 10; Energized; Through Computer Control Unit control elevator cover 1-1 is promoted to proper height, takes off shaft 35, oxygen supply ring 26, jar interior tracheae 8, take out barrier inner support frame 4; The cloth bag 3 of seed is equipped with in proposition, finishes the osmotic adjustment handling procedure.
The processing stage oozing the adjustment dissolution phase with seed soaking; Programmable Logic Controller 37 ON cycle pumps 13; The jar inner cold water pumps into automatic heater 14 through irritating end outlet pipe by circulating pump 13, in the side water inlet pipe 21 injection tank bodies of seed soaking jar 1, realizes water circulation again; Actual water temperature signal input Programmable Logic Controller 37 in the jar that water temperature inductor 15 will detect; Actual water temperature that 37 pairs of water temperature inductors 15 of Programmable Logic Controller detect and set water temperature calculate comparison (general water temperature bound be set at set water temperature ± 2 ℃), when actual water temperature is lower than when setting the lower limit water temperature, open automatic heater 14; When actual water temperature is higher than the capping water temperature; The built-in buzzer siren of Computer Control Unit is reported to the police, and Programmable Logic Controller 37 closes automatic heater 14, open second entering water electromagnetic valve 16, external source cold water gets in the automatic heater 14, and hot water is got rid of by the high temperature drainpipe 22 of automatic heater 14 upper ends.
Result of use of the present invention: stirring seed, rinsing bath cleaning, the dehydration of laundry machine dehydration machine in per 10 minutes with room conditioning control water temperature, goldfish pump air feed, manual work is contrast; Tobacco seed osmotic adjustment automatic control system was established 15 ℃, 20 ℃, 25 ℃, 30 ℃, 35 ℃ five coolant-temperature gages processing, seed soaking time 72 hours, 25 rev/mins of speeds of agitator, air inflow 0.08MPa; Scavenging period 30 minutes; Dewatering time 10 minutes.
1, processing finishes directly germination test result of back:
Adopt native system to handle 20 ℃-30 ℃ of water temperature controls automatically, seed germination rate obviously improves, 20 ℃ of optimum water temperatures, and germination rate improves 2 percentage points.See table 1 for details.
Table 1 is handled directly germination test result of back
| Handle | Germination vigor % | ± percentage point | Germination rate % | ± percentage point |
| Manual operations contrast CK | 94.5 | - | 96 | - |
| Automatically the control water temperature is 15 ℃ | 95.75 | 1.25 | 96 | 0 |
| Automatically the control water temperature is 20 ℃ | 96.5 | 2 | 98 | 2 |
| Automatically the control water temperature is 25 ℃ | 94 | -0.5 | 97.25 | 1.25 |
| Automatically the control water temperature is 30 ℃ | 96.5 | 2 | 97.25 | 1.25 |
| Automatically the control water temperature is 35 ℃ | 94.25 | -0.25 | 95.25 | -0.75 |
2, processing finishes the back seed through freezing (15 ℃) germination test result after 72 hours
The purpose that the tobacco seed osmotic adjustment is handled is to improve percentage of seedgermination; It is fast and neat to emerge; Seedling is healthy and strong, and the raising seed is in the cold resistance in imbibition stage, and (osmotic adjustment improves the burley tobaccos seed and resists imbibition and cold injury capability study preliminary study poplar spring thunder etc. strong stress resistance; Chinese tobacco science 2004,2:28-29).For this reason, the spy simulates the low temperature treatment test with seeds treated.Osmotic treated and contrast method are the same, and the simulation freezing method is freezing 72 hours of-15 ℃ of low temperature refrigerators.The result is as shown in table 2, controls 20 ℃ of-35 ℃ of germination vigoies of water temperature automatically and all obviously improves, and wherein 30 ℃ are improved 4 percentage points; Automatically 15 ℃ of-35 ℃ of germination rates of control water temperature are improved, and wherein 30 ℃ are improved 3.5 percentage points.
Table 2 freezing (15 ℃) germination test result after 72 hours
| Handle | Germination vigor % | ± percentage point | Germination rate % | ± percentage point |
| Manual operations contrast CK | 91.25 | 93.25 | ||
| Automatically the control water temperature is 15 ℃ | 91.25 | 0 | 93.75 | 0.5 |
| Automatically the control water temperature is 20 ℃ | 93.75 | 2.5 | 96 | 2.75 |
| Automatically the control water temperature is 25 ℃ | 93.5 | 2.25 | 96.25 | 3 |
| Automatically the control water temperature is 30 ℃ | 95.25 | 4 | 96.75 | 3.5 |
| Automatically the control water temperature is 35 ℃ | 94.25 | 3 | 94.75 | 1.5 |
Claims (10)
1. tobacco seed osmotic adjustment automatic control system; It is characterized in that: said control system comprises seed osmotic adjustment device and Computer Control Unit; Seed osmotic adjustment device comprises seed soaking device, demand system, dewatering system, automatic water-supply and purging system, water temperature heating circulation system and fixed support (36), and Computer Control Unit is made up of artificial remote control (38) and Programmable Logic Controller (37); The seed soaking device comprises seed soaking jar (1), cover elevator, the agitating device that is located on the fixed support (36) and is located at seed soaking jar interior netted seed soaking cage (2); In netted seed soaking cage (2), be provided with cloth bag (3); Be provided with the paliform bracing frame (4) identical with its shape in the cloth bag (3), cover elevator and agitating device all are arranged on the cover (1-1); Be provided with first drainpipe (25) that is communicated with dewatering system and the outlet pipe (17) that is communicated with the cold water water inlet of water temperature heating circulation system in seed soaking jar (a 1) bottom; On first drainpipe (25), be provided with first and go out water solenoid valve (28); Sidewall is provided with the water inlet pipe (21) that is communicated with water temperature heating circulation system water side, on cover (1-1), offers the through hole that automatic water-supply and purging system and demand system are communicated with seed soaking jar (1); The signal input part of said Programmable Logic Controller (37) is connected with the signal output part of artificial remote control (38), and the signal output part of Programmable Logic Controller (37) is connected with the signal input part of demand system, dewatering system, automatic water-supply and purging system, water temperature heating circulation system, cover elevator and agitating device respectively.
2. a kind of tobacco seed osmotic adjustment automatic control system according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said demand system comprises inflating pump (7); The tracheae (8) of inflating pump (7) stretches into seed soaking jar (1) inner bottom part through one of them through hole on the cover (1-1); And tracheae (8) seals through seal with cover (1-1) contact position; On tracheae (8), be provided with an air gauge (9), end is provided with the keeping ring (26) that makes even oxygen supply in the seed soaking jar (1), and the signal output part of Programmable Logic Controller (37) is connected with the signal input part of inflating pump (7).
3. a kind of tobacco seed osmotic adjustment automatic control system according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said dewatering system comprises air accumulator (23), vavuum pump (24); Go out water solenoid valve (28) top at first of first drainpipe (25) and be provided with first three-way connection (27); The air inlet pipe (23-1) of air accumulator (23) is communicated with first drainpipe (25) through first three-way connection (27); Air intake duct (23-2) is connected with the suction end of vavuum pump (24), on the air inlet pipe (23-1) of air accumulator, is provided with second and goes out water solenoid valve (29), is provided with second drainpipe (30) in the bottom of air accumulator (23); On second drainpipe (30), be provided with the 3rd and go out water solenoid valve (31), the signal output part of Programmable Logic Controller (37) goes out the signal input part that water solenoid valve (29) and the 3rd goes out water solenoid valve (31) with vavuum pump (24), second respectively and is connected.
4. a kind of tobacco seed osmotic adjustment automatic control system according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said automatic water-supply and purging system comprise cleaning water inlet pipe (10) and the shower nozzle (12) with the external source cross current; Shower nozzle (12) is arranged on one of them through hole on the cover (1-1); Its sprinkling face is in the seed soaking jar, and through the seal sealing, the water side of cleaning water inlet pipe (10) is connected with the water inlet of shower nozzle (12); On cleaning water inlet pipe (10), be provided with first entering water electromagnetic valve (11), the signal output part of Programmable Logic Controller (37) is connected with the signal input part of first entering water electromagnetic valve (11).
5. a kind of tobacco seed osmotic adjustment automatic control system according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said water temperature heating circulation system comprises circulating pump (13), the automatic heater (14) that is installed on the fixed support (36) and is arranged on the water temperature inductor (15) in the seed soaking jar (1); Circulating pump (13) one ends are communicated with the outlet pipe (17) of seed soaking jar (1) bottom; The other end is communicated with the water inlet pipe (20) of external source water inlet pipe (19) and automatic heater (14) respectively through second three-way connection (18); The water side of automatic heater (14) is communicated with the side water inlet pipe (21) and the high temperature drainpipe (22) of seed soaking jar (1) respectively; On external source water inlet pipe (19), be provided with second entering water electromagnetic valve (16), the signal output part of Programmable Logic Controller (37) is connected with circulating pump (13), water temperature inductor (15), automatic heater (14) and the signal input part of second entering water electromagnetic valve (16) respectively;
6. a kind of tobacco seed osmotic adjustment automatic control system according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said cover elevator comprises lifting motor (5) and the hoistway (6) that is installed on the fixed support (36); The lifting shaft of lifting motor (5) is connected with cover (1-1) through up-down connecting plate (32); The other end of up-down connecting plate (32) embeds in the slideway of hoistway (6); And can slide up and down along slideway, the signal output part of Programmable Logic Controller (37) is connected with the signal input part of lifting motor (5).
7. a kind of tobacco seed osmotic adjustment automatic control system according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said agitating device is made up of stirring motor (34) and shaft (35); Stirring motor (34) is located at cover (1-1) top; Shaft (35) is connected with the output of stirring motor (34), is provided with a plurality of dentations and sheet paddle (33) at the stirring end of shaft (35), and the output of the signal of Programmable Logic Controller 37 is connected with the signal input part of stirring motor (34).
8. method of using the described tobacco seed osmotic adjustment of claim 1 automatic control system to carry out the seed osmotic adjustment is divided into following five stages:
(1) dissolution phase of bleeding agent, concrete steps are following:
The fastening bolt of a, slurry cover is backed out; And the demand system that filling is covered and automatic water-supply and purging system and cover (1-1) connecting portion unclamp; Energized, Computer Control Unit control elevator is promoted to cover (1-1) at the height place that is higher than seed soaking jar (1);
B. in seed soaking jar (1), pour bleeding agent according to predefined aimed concn into;
C, Computer Control Unit control elevator descends cover (1-1) and covers completely, through bolt itself and tank body is fixed simultaneously, and demand system and automatic water-supply and purging system and cover (1-1) connecting portion are fixed;
D. Computer Control Unit control automatic water-supply and purging system inject the water of the required 1/3-1/2 of aimed concn in jar, through artificial remote control (38) set water temperature, time, speed of agitator and air inflow;
E, confirm that bleeding agent dissolves fully, stop to stir and air feed powered-down;
(2), seed soaking processing stage, concrete steps are following:
A, the fastening bolt of cover (1-1) is backed out; And demand system and automatic water-supply and purging system and cover (1-1) connecting portion unclamped; Energized, Computer Control Unit control elevator is promoted to cover (1-1) at the height place that is higher than seed soaking jar (1);
B, with netted seed soaking cage (2), seed cloth bag (3) and the paliform bracing frame (4) that is used to support cloth bag put into seed soaking and irritate (1), pour seed to be soaked seed into, the volume ratio of grain weight and penetrating fluid is 10: 100-120;
C, Computer Control Unit control elevator descends cover and covers completely, through bolt itself and tank body is fixed simultaneously, and demand system and automatic water-supply and purging system and cover connecting portion are fixed;
D, set seed-soaking time, water temperature, speed of agitator, air inflow, scavenging period through artificial remote control (38);
E. manually press the control button on Programmable Logic Controller (37) control panel; Programmable Logic Controller (37) control automatic water-supply and cleaning device water filling in seed soaking is irritated; Automatic water-supply and cleaning device stop to supply water to the target water level; Water temperature heating circulation system, agitating device, automatic apparatus of oxygen supply carry out the seed-soaking processing by seetting program simultaneously, when reaching the time of setting, and the built-in alarm equipment alarm prompting of Computer Control Unit; 4-7 is after second, and Programmable Logic Controller (37) gets into next program automatically;
(3), wash phase, Computer Control Unit opens automatic water-supply automatically and cleaning device and first goes out water solenoid valve (28), automatic water-supply and cleaning device to the seed soaking jar in the injection clear water; Agitating device, demand system work on; Penetrating fluid discarded in jar is discharged by first outlet pipe (25), when reaching the time of setting, and the built-in alarm equipment alarm prompting of Computer Control Unit; 4-7 is after second, and Programmable Logic Controller (37) gets into next program automatically;
(4), the seed water smoking, set first supercharging draining final vacuum through artificial remote control (38) and draw water, after seed cleans and finishes; Programmable Logic Controller (37) is carried out the supercharging drainage procedure, promptly closes automatic water-supply and cleaning device automatically and stops a jar interior water filling, the demand system supercharging in jar that works on; After the supercharging draining finished, Programmable Logic Controller (37) was carried out the vacuum program of drawing water, and promptly closes first automatically and goes out water solenoid valve (28), demand system; Open dewatering system simultaneously; The moisture of the surface of the seed is taken off to the greatest extent, and put ponding in the filling, the built-in alarm equipment alarm prompting of Computer Control Unit; 4-7 is after second, and Programmable Logic Controller (37) is controlled all stops;
(5), take out seed stage; The fastening bolt of slurry cover (1-1) is backed out, and demand system and automatic water-supply and purging system and cover connecting portion are unclamped energized; Computer Control Unit control elevator is promoted to proper height with cover; Take out barrier inner support frame (4), propose to be equipped with the cloth bag (3) of seed, finish the osmotic adjustment handling procedure.
9. use tobacco seed osmotic adjustment automatic control system according to claim 8 is carried out the method for seed osmotic adjustment; It is characterized in that: the water temperature heating circulation system in the processing stage of seed soaking comprises circulating pump (13), automatic heater (14), high temperature drainpipe (22), second entering water electromagnetic valve (16) that is installed on the fixed support (36) and is arranged on the water temperature inductor (15) in the seed soaking jar (1); Computer Control Unit ON cycle pump (13); The jar inner cold water is pumped in the automatic heater (14) by circulating pump (13) through irritating end outlet pipe; Inject in the tank body through seed soaking jar (1) upside water inlet pipe again, realize water circulation; Water temperature inductor (15) detects a jar interior actual water temperature; With the water temperature signal input Programmable Logic Controller (37) that detects; Programmable Logic Controller (37) calculates comparison to detected actual water temperature of water temperature inductor (15) and set water temperature, and when actual water temperature was lower than setting lower limit water temperature, Programmable Logic Controller (37) control automatic heater (14) was opened; When actual water temperature is higher than the capping water temperature; The built-in buzzer siren of Computer Control Unit is reported to the police, and closes automatic heater (14), unlatching second entering water electromagnetic valve (16), external source cold water entering automatic heater (14) bottom, and hot water is got rid of by the high temperature drainpipe (22) of automatic heater upper end.
10. use tobacco seed osmotic adjustment automatic control system according to claim 8 is carried out the method for seed osmotic adjustment; It is characterized in that: said dewatering system comprises that air accumulator (23), vavuum pump (24), second go out water solenoid valve (29); Computer Control Unit is opened second and is gone out the true pump of water solenoid valve (29) (4) moisture of the surface of the seed in the jar is taken off to the greatest extent, and after vacuum was drawn water and finished, Programmable Logic Controller (37) was opened the 3rd of air accumulator (23) bottom automatically and gone out water solenoid valve (31); Put and irritated interior ponding; The built-in alarm equipment alarm prompting of Computer Control Unit, 4-7 is after second, and Programmable Logic Controller (37) is closed all programs automatically.
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