CN106442152A - Testing apparatus for stably applying osmotic pressure with crack propagation - Google Patents

Testing apparatus for stably applying osmotic pressure with crack propagation Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106442152A
CN106442152A CN201610830820.2A CN201610830820A CN106442152A CN 106442152 A CN106442152 A CN 106442152A CN 201610830820 A CN201610830820 A CN 201610830820A CN 106442152 A CN106442152 A CN 106442152A
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air
osmotic pressure
chamber
storage chamber
loading system
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CN201610830820.2A
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CN106442152B (en
Inventor
蒲成志
章求才
罗可
曾佳君
李峰
马艾阳
朱忠华
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Hengyang Huayan Engineering Technology Co.,Ltd.
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University of South China
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/08Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
    • G01N3/10Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
    • G01N3/12Pressure testing
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/08Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0058Kind of property studied
    • G01N2203/006Crack, flaws, fracture or rupture
    • G01N2203/0062Crack or flaws
    • G01N2203/0066Propagation of crack

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses testing apparatus for stably applying osmotic pressure with crack propagation. The testing apparatus comprises an air compressor and a stable pressure loading system, wherein the stable pressure loading system is a closed hollow cylinder provided with a horizontal center partition board inside, the horizontal center partition board is a round board provided with a funnel-shaped through hole in the center and divides the stable pressure loading system into an upper chamber and a lower chamber, the upper chamber is an air storage chamber, a lower chamber is a water storage chamber, and a float valve is arranged at the funnel-shaped through hole and used for controlling opening and closing of the funnel-shaped through hole; the air compressor communicates with the air storage chamber through an air inlet pipe, and the water storage chamber communicates with a testing model through a water outlet pipe. The testing apparatus for stably applying osmotic pressure with the crack propagation is based on simple principle, is simple to manufacture, can guarantee safety of a testing process and keeps stable osmotic pressure in a crack propagation process.

Description

A kind of experimental rig stably applying osmotic pressure with Crack Extension
Technical field
The present invention relates to osmotic pressure load test equipment technical field, more particularly to one kind stably apply with Crack Extension The experimental rig of osmotic pressure.
Background technology
Underground rock engineering is often under complicated geological environment, and many engineering project disasters related to underground water are (as mine Karst declogging, Tunnel Gushing etc.) it is all because the change that seepage field external environment condition is lured in behavior into is opened up in underground, promote rock mass implosion Gap splitting extends, is mutually communicated, and then causes geological disaster.In mechanics category, excavation behavior is defined as a kind of engineering and unloads Lotus process, the joint fissure in rock mass by carrying out and mutual sliding, extension and interaction occur with unloading process, and to rock The mechanical characteristic of body produces significant impact, leads to rock mass to gradually degrade and until last surrender.With resource exploitation, water power work The continuous increase of the underground engineering depths of excavation such as journey diversion tunnel, nuke rubbish underground disposal, national defence, is related in deep rock mass engineering project The high water pressures arriving get more and more, and the rock mass mechanics problem that high water head pressure brings has become as urgently to be resolved hurrily in Geotechnical Engineering Frontier nature problem, and attracted large quantities of outstanding researcher to be engaged in the research work in this field.
The comprehensive achievement in research about infiltration hydraulic pressure effect at present, theory analysis and numerical simulation are two kinds of main researchs Methods and techniques means.During theory analysis, mainly take into account the mechanical function of infiltration hydraulic pressure, and ignore seepage field pair The bating effect of joint plane;Numerical approach methods, then be to be realized based on ripe business software platform, and the opening of business software Send out and be also built upon on mechanical foundation, substantially as broad as long with theoretical research, theoretical research is simply realized visualization by it ?.
And it is directed to Test And Research Work few, Zhou Zhihua (uniaxial cycling load and the infiltration that infiltration hydraulic pressure effect is carried out Hydraulic pressure lower prestress fissure rock failure test research, 2014), Chen Hongjiang (manage by crack rock coupling of stress- damage-flow By, test and engineering Application Research, 2010), (test specimen containing three-dimensional fracture acts on fracturing in biaxial pressure and hydraulic pressure to Fu Jinwei Test and numerical simulation study, 2015) achievement in research more representative, and the question essence closer to research object: Zhou Zhihua devises a kind of infiltration Water hydraulic static pressure loading device (CN201120502167.X;CN201120519929.7), by oil pump Apply a certain size oil pressure in the prefabricated built-in closure crack of model test piece, then keep oil pressure stable, to crannied body mould Type carries out series of uniaxial compression test;Chen Hongjiang in normal triaxial chamber, by water pump to the cylinder containing insertion crack Model applies a certain size hydraulic pressure, and keeps confined pressure steady, implements a series of infiltration hydraulic pressure examination under three axle loading environments Test test job;Fu Jinwei devises a set of hydrofracturing priming apparatus (CN201410034987.9), and containing prefabricated built-in Series of uniaxial and Biaxial stress test have been carried out in the rocks resin mould test specimen in crack.
In sum, existing apply the experimental rig of osmotic pressure and method, have the shortcomings that one common:It is applied Osmotic pressure, can not keep stable with Crack Extension.Although prior art can (prefabricated crack be most advanced and sophisticated no at the initial stage of loading Micro-crack is developed, is extended) keep permeating stablizing of hydraulic pressure on crack surface, but it is as the appearance of Crack Extension phenomenon, inside is split Gap will occur dilatancy, such as to keep infiltration water pressure invariableness, need to supply equal-volume highly pressurised liquid to the inside of model test piece, by In crannied body destructive process extremely unstable, slow or anxious, above-mentioned experimental rig is difficult to realize the synchronization input of equal-volume liquid, more It is difficult to maintain stablizing of infiltration hydraulic pressure.But in Practical Project, during underground water extends with rock cranny and shifts, Pressure is held essentially constant, and it is also the power resources that prominent water burst occurs.
Content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of experimental rig stably applying osmotic pressure with Crack Extension, above-mentioned existing to solve Problem with the presence of technology.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides following scheme:
A kind of experimental rig stably applying osmotic pressure with Crack Extension, including air compressor and voltage stabilizing loading system; Described voltage stabilizing loading system is to be internally provided with the airtight hollow cylinder of horizontal centre dividing plate, during described horizontal centre dividing plate is The heart is provided with the plectane of funnel-form through hole, and described horizontal centre dividing plate is separated into upper and lower two by inside described voltage stabilizing loading system Chamber, wherein upper chamber are air storage chamber, and lower chamber is reservoir chamber, and described funnel-form through hole is provided with buoy valve and is used for Control the break-make of described funnel-form through hole, the spherical body portion that described buoy valve is arranged at described reservoir chamber side is hollow knot Structure, described buoy valve other parts be solid construction, described voltage stabilizing loading system top be provided with one with described air storage chamber phase Logical air gauge;Described air compressor is connected with described air storage chamber by an air inlet pipe, described air storage chamber and described air inlet pipe Connectivity part is provided with air intake valve, and described reservoir chamber passes through an outlet pipe connection test model, described reservoir chamber and described water outlet Pipe connectivity part is provided with flowing water Valve, and described experimental model is crannied body sample to be measured.
Alternatively, the high-pressure air pressure that described air compressor provides is not less than 30MPa.
Alternatively, described air storage chamber and the volume ratio of described reservoir chamber are not less than 1.
Alternatively, described air gauge range can be provided by 2 times of surge pressure more than described air compressor.
Alternatively, described buoy valve material is high-elastic high-strength ageing-resistant rubber.
The present invention achieves following technique effect with respect to prior art:
1st, when water under high pressure flows with crack propagation, to be compensated by gases at high pressure dilatation, according to equation of gaseous state, when gas expands When holding less, its pressure is held essentially constant, and is capable of infiltration hydraulic pressure in crack propagation process and still keeps stable purpose;
2nd, when crannied body has a large amount of high-pressure water jets to flow out because there is surrender, buoy valve can automatically cut off high pressure Gas enters the path of reservoir chamber it is ensured that the safety of test process;
3rd, experimental rig principle is simple, simple for production.
Brief description
In order to be illustrated more clearly that the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to institute in embodiment Need use accompanying drawing be briefly described it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description be only the present invention some enforcement Example, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without having to pay creative labor, can also be according to these accompanying drawings Obtain other accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the experimental rig structural representation stably applying osmotic pressure with Crack Extension in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the overlooking the structure diagram of the horizontal centre dividing plate in the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is that the A-A of the experimental rig stably applying osmotic pressure with Crack Extension in the embodiment of the present invention ties to section Structure schematic diagram;
In figure:1- air compressor, 2- air inlet pipe, 3- air intake valve, 4- air storage chamber, 5- air gauge, 6- buoy valve, 7- Reservoir chamber, 8- horizontal centre dividing plate, 9- voltage stabilizing loading system, 10- flowing water Valve, 11- outlet pipe, 12- funnel-form through hole, 13- Experimental model.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete Site preparation description is it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.It is based on Embodiment in the present invention, it is every other that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of not making creative work Embodiment, broadly falls into the scope of protection of the invention.
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of experimental rig stably applying osmotic pressure with Crack Extension, to solve existing skill The problem that art exists.
Understandable for enabling the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention to become apparent from, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specifically real The present invention is further detailed explanation to apply mode.
Embodiment one
The present embodiment provides a kind of experimental rig stably applying osmotic pressure with Crack Extension, as Figure 1-3, including empty Air compressor 1 and voltage stabilizing loading system 9;Voltage stabilizing loading system 9 is to be internally provided with the airtight hollow cylinder of horizontal centre dividing plate 8 Body, is provided with the plectane of funnel-form through hole 12 centered on horizontal centre dividing plate 8, funnel-form through hole 12 smooth surface impulse- free robustness, no Sharp protrusion, horizontal centre dividing plate 8 will be separated into upper and lower two chambers inside voltage stabilizing loading system, wherein upper chamber is gas storage Room 4, lower chamber is reservoir chamber 7, and air storage chamber 4 is not less than 1 with the volume ratio of reservoir chamber 7, arranges at funnel-form through hole 12 There is buoy valve 6 for controlling the break-make of funnel-form through hole 12, buoy valve 6 material is high-elastic high-strength ageing-resistant rubber, buoy The spherical body portion that valve 6 is arranged at reservoir chamber 7 side is hollow-core construction, and buoy valve 6 other parts are solid construction, voltage stabilizing Loading system 9 top is provided with an air gauge 5 communicating with air storage chamber 4, and air gauge 5 range can carry more than air compressor 1 For surge pressure 2 times;Air compressor 1 is connected with air storage chamber 4 by an air inlet pipe 2, air storage chamber 4 and air inlet pipe 2 connectivity part It is provided with air intake valve 3, air compressor 1 is the equipment that can provide pressure-air, the high pressure that air compressor 1 provides Air pressure is not less than 30MPa, and the gases at high pressure that air compressor 1 is produced by air inlet pipe 2, by entering of voltage stabilizing loading system 9 Air valve 3, in input air storage chamber 4;Reservoir chamber 7 passes through an outlet pipe 11 connection test model 13, and reservoir chamber 7 is with outlet pipe 11 even Logical place is provided with flowing water Valve 10, and outlet pipe 11 passes through the flowing water Valve 10 of voltage stabilizing loading system 9, and water under high pressure is input to experiment Apply osmotic pressure, air intake valve 3 and flowing water Valve 10 can keep under high pressure conditions in crannied body sample in model 13 Sealing characteristics are good.
As shown in figure 1, on the basis of said structure design, the specific implementation step of the experimental provision that the present invention provides is such as Under:
1st, water filling:The water of certain volume is injected by flowing water Valve 10 in the reservoir chamber 7 of voltage stabilizing loading system 9, due to The spherical body portion that buoy valve 6 is arranged at reservoir chamber 7 side is hollow-core construction so that filling buoy after water in reservoir chamber 7 Valve 6 floats, and the funnel-form through hole 12 of horizontal centre dividing plate 8 is in open mode, is then shut off flowing water Valve 10;
2nd, pressurize:Air compressor 1 is connected by air inlet pipe 2 with voltage stabilizing loading system 9, is opened air intake valve 3, Open air compressor 1, pressure-air is inputted to the air storage chamber 4 of voltage stabilizing loading system 9 by air inlet pipe 2, observes air gauge 5 Reading, when it reaches design requirement, closes air compressor 1, simultaneously closes off air intake valve 3, air inlet pipe of then dismantling 2;
3rd, leak check:Keep air intake valve 3 and flowing water Valve 10 to be closed 10mins, observe air gauge 5 Reading whether have decline, if keeping stable it was demonstrated that the sealing sexual satisfaction of voltage stabilizing loading system 9 requires, if slow decline, no Meet test requirements document, need to overhaul voltage stabilizing loading system 9;
4th, apply osmotic pressure:By outlet pipe 11, by the flowing water Valve of test model 13 water inlet and voltage stabilizing loading system 9 10 are connected, and slowly open flowing water Valve 10, and whether viewing test model 13 water inlet there are flowing out, and observe air gauge 5 simultaneously Whether reading is decreased obviously, and is no, then the infiltration hydraulic pressure of test model 13 applies successfully;
5th, test model load test:Opening pressure testing machine, carry out the single shaft of test model 13, twin shaft, three axles plus Carry or unloading test, until off-test;
6th, discharge air storage chamber pressure-air:Close flowing water Valve 10, outlet pipe 11 of dismantling, slowly open air intake valve 3, will Pressure-air in air storage chamber 4 slowly discharges, and observes the reading of air gauge 5 simultaneously, until reading zero;
7th, discharge reservoir chamber liquid:Slowly open flowing water Valve 10, after reservoir chamber 7 water body is completely exhausted out, close water outlet Valve 10 and air intake valve 3;
8th, off-test:Put air compressor 1 in order, and voltage stabilizing loading system 9, close testing machine, clean laboratory, knot Shu Benci tests.
Invention applies specific case is set forth to the principle of the present invention and embodiment, the saying of above example Bright it is only intended to help and understands the method for the present invention and its core concept;Simultaneously for one of ordinary skill in the art, foundation The thought of the present invention, all will change in specific embodiments and applications.To sum up, this specification content should not be managed Solve as limitation of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of with Crack Extension stably apply osmotic pressure experimental rig it is characterised in that:Including air compressor and voltage stabilizing Loading system;Described voltage stabilizing loading system is to be internally provided with the airtight hollow cylinder of horizontal centre dividing plate, in described level Be provided with the plectane of funnel-form through hole centered on the dividing plate of centre, described horizontal centre dividing plate by described voltage stabilizing loading system interior part every Become upper and lower two chambers, wherein upper chamber is air storage chamber, and lower chamber is reservoir chamber, and described funnel-form through hole is provided with floating Mark valve is used for controlling the break-make of described funnel-form through hole, and described buoy valve is arranged at the spherical body of described reservoir chamber side It is divided into hollow-core construction, described buoy valve other parts are solid construction, and described voltage stabilizing loading system top is provided with one and institute State the air gauge that air storage chamber communicates;Described air compressor is connected with described air storage chamber by an air inlet pipe, described air storage chamber with Described air inlet pipe connectivity part is provided with air intake valve, and described reservoir chamber passes through an outlet pipe connection test model, described reservoir chamber Described outlet pipe connectivity part is provided with flowing water Valve, described experimental model is crannied body sample to be measured.
2. according to claim 1 a kind of with Crack Extension stably apply osmotic pressure experimental rig it is characterised in that:Institute The high-pressure air pressure stating air compressor offer is not less than 30MPa.
3. according to claim 1 a kind of with Crack Extension stably apply osmotic pressure experimental rig it is characterised in that:Institute The volume ratio stating air storage chamber with described reservoir chamber is not less than 1.
4. according to claim 1 a kind of with Crack Extension stably apply osmotic pressure experimental rig it is characterised in that:Institute State 2 times that air gauge range can be provided by surge pressure more than described air compressor.
5. according to claim 1 a kind of with Crack Extension stably apply osmotic pressure experimental rig it is characterised in that:Institute Stating buoy valve material is high-elastic high-strength ageing-resistant rubber.
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Cited By (3)

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CN108398369A (en) * 2018-03-21 2018-08-14 广东电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 A kind of GIS rubber packing materials selection method and system
CN113959852A (en) * 2021-10-20 2022-01-21 中铁十四局集团第一工程发展有限公司 Hydraulic fracturing expansion failure device and test method for jointed rock mass
CN114002072A (en) * 2021-10-21 2022-02-01 南华大学 Fractured rock hydraulic coupling test device and method applying constant fracture water pressure

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CN114002072A (en) * 2021-10-21 2022-02-01 南华大学 Fractured rock hydraulic coupling test device and method applying constant fracture water pressure
CN114002072B (en) * 2021-10-21 2023-10-20 南华大学 Fracture rock hydraulic coupling test device and method for applying constant fracture water pressure

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