CN102778554B - Experimental device for improving permeability of shale gas storage layer in supercritical CO2 fracturing process - Google Patents
Experimental device for improving permeability of shale gas storage layer in supercritical CO2 fracturing process Download PDFInfo
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- CN102778554B CN102778554B CN201210276714.6A CN201210276714A CN102778554B CN 102778554 B CN102778554 B CN 102778554B CN 201210276714 A CN201210276714 A CN 201210276714A CN 102778554 B CN102778554 B CN 102778554B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an experimental device for increasing the permeability of a shale gas storage layer in the supercritical CO2 fracturing process, which comprises a gas source supply system, a gas supercharger, a pressure chamber, a temperature controller and a data automatic acquisition system. A shale test piece of which the center is drilled is arranged in the pressure chamber; the gas source supply system is communicated with a gas inlet pipe of the pressure chamber by the gas supercharger; both the gas supercharger and the pressure chamber are arranged in the temperature controller; and the data automatic acquisition system is used for carrying out real-time acquisition on the stress-strain relation, the pressure, the temperature, an acoustic emission signal and the like in the shale fracturing process and measuring the seepage characteristics of shales before and after the supercritical CO2 fracturing. The device disclosed by the invention can be used for simulating the dynamic variation of the permeability of the shale gas storage layer in the supercritical CO2 fracturing process under the multifield (the ground stress, the temperature and the pressure) coupling conditions and provides an experimental platform for researching the mechanism of increasing the permeability of the shale gas storage layer in the supercritical CO2 fracturing process.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of supercritical CO
2fracturing increases the experimental provision of shale gas reservoir permeability, and particularly one can be carried out differently supercritical CO under stress, different reservoir pressure and condition of different temperatures
2the experimental provision of the research of fracturing shale gas reservoir mechanism experiment and the research of fracturing process shale stress-strain-permeability variation rule.
Background technology
China's natural gas demand is growing, and inlet natural gas amount increases day by day, and externally interdependency is also increasing, serious threat Chinese energy safety.China's shale gas resource is very abundant, and Efficient Development shale gas is for alleviating China's energy supply and demand contradiction, readjusting the energy structure, ensure that energy security is significant.Due to shale gas reservoir low porosity and low permeability, exploitation shale gas must carry out reservoir fracturing and anatonosis.The U.S. that successfully exploits at present shale gas mainly adopts hydraulic fracturing technology, but a large amount of water resource of this Technology Need consumption and seriously polluted to underground water.
Research is found, is worked as CO
2temperature and pressure respectively in 31.1 DEG C and 7.38 MPa when above, CO
2to reach supercriticality and (be called for short SC-CO
2).Supercritical CO
2character between gas and liquid, the low viscosity of existing gas and easily diffusivity, also have high density and the good feature of dissolubility of liquid, have superpower flow, infiltration and transmit performance, can replace clear water as fracturing liquid.
Therefore, in conjunction with China's shale gas exploitation and national CO
2the great demand reducing discharging, applicant proposes to adopt supercritical CO
2the technical thought that replaces clear water to carry out the anatonosis of shale gas reservoir fracturing, this thinking, in increasing shale gas reservoir permeability, can also realize carbon dioxide and seal up for safekeeping for a long time in shale gas reservoir.Specific operation process is: make by changing pressure and temperature the CO trapping from industrial emission source
2in the supercriticality between gaseous state and liquid state, use it for a large amount of clear water required while replacing shale gas performance history hydrofracturing reservoir, carry out the pressure break of shale gas reservoir, improve reservoir permeability, strengthen CO
2can injection, expand CO
2in shale bed, involve scope, make CO
2fully contact with shale bed, utilize shale body to CO
2and CH
4the difference of adsorptive power is by CH
4cement out, sealing CO up for safekeeping
2time improve shale gas recovery ratio, realize CO
2seal for a long time the best combination with high-efficiency resource recycling up for safekeeping.
But at present for supercritical CO
2the research of the theory of fracturing shale and experiment aspect is all gone back seldom, particularly lacks corresponding experimental provision and simulates supercritical CO
2the Changing Pattern of fracturing process shale gas reservoir permeability, stress, strain.Existing experimental provision can only carry out the experimental study of hydrofracturing, for supercritical CO
2exist following not enough: (1) can not effectively control CO
2phase; (2) can not simulate supercritical CO under many (terrestrial stress, temperature, pressure) coupling conditions
2the dynamic change of fracturing process shale gas reservoir permeability.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the invention provides a kind of supercritical CO
2fracturing increases the experimental provision of shale gas reservoir permeability, and this device can be simulated supercritical CO under many (terrestrial stress, temperature, pressure) coupling conditions
2the dynamic change of fracturing process shale gas reservoir permeability, and shale rupture process strain-stress relation, acoustic emission signal are carried out to Real-time Collection, be supercritical CO
2the research that fracturing increases shale gas reservoir permeability mechanism provides experiment porch.
Supercritical CO of the present invention
2fracturing increases the experimental provision of shale gas reservoir permeability, comprise source of the gas supply system, gas booster, pressure chamber, temperature controller and automatic data acquisition system, in described pressure chamber, be provided with the shale test specimen of centre-drilling hole, pressure chamber is provided with draft tube and escape pipe and draft tube and escape pipe and is communicated with the centre-drilling hole of shale test specimen, described source of the gas supply system is communicated with the draft tube of pressure chamber by gas booster, described gas booster and pressure chamber are all placed in temperature controller, described automatic data acquisition system comprises computing machine, temperature sensor, pressure transducer, acoustic emission device, flowmeter, axial strain sensor and radial strain sensor, described temperature sensor, pressure transducer and acoustic emission device gather respectively the temperature of pressure chamber, pressure and acoustic emission signal are also input in computing machine in real time, described flowmeter gathers CO
2flow signal and be input in real time in computing machine, described axial strain sensor and radial strain sensor gather the deformation signal of shale test specimen and are input in real time in computing machine.
Further, described source of the gas supply system comprises the CO being communicated with successively
2gas cylinder, filtrator and non-return valve.
Further, described gas booster is high pressure CO
2syringe pump.
Further, described temperature controller is thermostatical oil bath.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: use device of the present invention to carry out supercritical CO
2when the experiment of fracturing shale, gas booster is by CO
2be converted into liquid state, to be injected in the shale test specimen of pressure chamber higher than the pressure of 7.38MPa, by temperature controller, pressure chamber heated, temperature is increased to the temperature that is greater than 31.4 DEG C, make liquid CO
2be transformed into supercriticality, utilize supercritical CO
2fracturing shale, automatic data acquisition system carries out Real-time Collection to shale rupture process strain-stress relation, pressure, temperature, acoustic emission signal etc. simultaneously, and to supercritical CO
2seepage characteristic before and after fracturing shale is measured; Therefore, device of the present invention can be simulated supercritical CO under many (terrestrial stress, temperature, pressure) coupling conditions
2the dynamic change of fracturing process shale gas reservoir permeability is supercritical CO
2the research that fracturing increases shale gas reservoir permeability mechanism provides experiment porch.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, wherein:
Fig. 1 is supercritical CO of the present invention
2fracturing increases the structural representation of the experimental provision of shale gas reservoir permeability;
Fig. 2 is shale test specimen boring schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Hereinafter with reference to accompanying drawing, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail.
Fig. 1 is supercritical CO of the present invention
2fracturing increases the structural representation of the experimental provision of shale gas reservoir permeability, as shown in the figure, and supercritical CO of the present invention
2fracturing increases the experimental provision of shale gas reservoir permeability, comprise source of the gas supply system, gas booster 2, pressure chamber 3, temperature controller 4 and automatic data acquisition system, in described pressure chamber 3, be provided with the shale test specimen 5 of centre-drilling hole, pressure chamber 3 is provided with draft tube 6 and escape pipe 7 and draft tube 6 and escape pipe 7 and is communicated with the centre-drilling hole of shale test specimen 5, described source of the gas supply system is communicated with the draft tube 6 of pressure chamber 3 by gas booster 2, described gas booster 2 and pressure chamber 3 are all placed in temperature controller 4, described automatic data acquisition system comprises computing machine 8, temperature sensor 9, pressure transducer 10, acoustic emission device 11, flowmeter 12, axial strain sensor 13 and radial strain sensor 14, described temperature sensor 9, pressure transducer 10 and acoustic emission device 11 gather respectively the temperature of pressure chamber 3, pressure and acoustic emission signal are also input in computing machine 8 in real time, described flowmeter 12 gathers CO
2flow signal and be input in real time in computing machine 8, described axial strain sensor 13 and radial strain sensor 14 gather shale test specimen 5 deformation signal and be input in real time in computing machine 8.
In the present embodiment, described source of the gas supply system comprises the CO being communicated with successively
2gas cylinder 1, filtrator 15 and non-return valve 16.
In the present embodiment, described gas booster 2 is high pressure CO
2syringe pump.
In the present embodiment, described temperature controller 4 is thermostatical oil bath.
Use device of the present invention to carry out supercritical CO
2when the experiment of fracturing shale, first according to experimental program, shale test specimen 5 is holed, boring is carried out (as shown in Figure 2) at test specimen center, and centre-drilling hole is CO
2entrance, then gas booster 2 is by CO
2be converted into liquid state, to be injected in the shale test specimen 5 of pressure chamber 3 higher than the pressure of 7.38MPa, by temperature controller 4, pressure chamber 3 heated, temperature is increased to the temperature that is greater than 31.4 DEG C, make liquid CO
2be transformed into supercriticality, utilize supercritical CO
2fracturing shale; Meanwhile, automatic data acquisition system carries out Real-time Collection to shale rupture process strain-stress relation, pressure, temperature, acoustic emission signal etc., and to supercritical CO
2seepage characteristic before and after fracturing shale is measured, and is measuring supercritical CO
2when seepage characteristic in shale, in order to keep CO
2phase, the escape pipe 7 of pressure chamber 3 must be closed, and can not be communicated with atmospheric pressure, and need to be kept above supercritical CO
2the pressure of state, need to adopt Transient Method to carry out the mensuration of permeability, and concrete operations mode is that adopts pressure sensor records test specimen two ends pressure reduction relation over time, obtains by calculating, and the Seepage Experiment of other gases can record by steady state method; The working fluid pressure scope of apparatus of the present invention is 0-15MPa, axial compression range of control is 0-100MPa, and confined pressure range of control is 0-15MPa, and maximum fluid pressure control range is 0-15MPa, temperature controlling range is 0-100 DEG C, and shale sample dimensions size is φ 100mm × 200mm.
Device of the present invention can be simulated supercritical CO under many (terrestrial stress, temperature, pressure) coupling conditions
2the dynamic change of fracturing process shale gas reservoir permeability is supercritical CO
2the research that fracturing increases shale gas reservoir permeability mechanism provides experiment porch.
Finally explanation is, above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described, although by with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, invention has been described, but those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can make various changes to it in the form and details, and not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention that appended claims limits.
Claims (4)
1. a supercritical CO
2fracturing increases the experimental provision of shale gas reservoir permeability, it is characterized in that: comprise CO
2source of the gas supply system, gas booster (2), pressure chamber (3), temperature controller (4) and automatic data acquisition system, in described pressure chamber (3), be provided with the shale test specimen (5) of centre-drilling hole, pressure chamber (3) is provided with draft tube (6) and escape pipe (7) and draft tube (6) and escape pipe (7) and is communicated with the centre-drilling hole of shale test specimen (5), described CO
2source of the gas supply system is communicated with the draft tube (6) of pressure chamber (3) by gas booster (2), described gas booster (2) and pressure chamber (3) are all placed in temperature controller (4), described automatic data acquisition system comprises computing machine (8), temperature sensor (9), pressure transducer (10), acoustic emission device (11), flowmeter (12), axial strain sensor (13) and radial strain sensor (14), described temperature sensor (9), pressure transducer (10) and acoustic emission device (11) gather respectively the temperature of pressure chamber (3), pressure and acoustic emission signal are also input in computing machine (8) in real time, described flowmeter (12) gathers CO
2flow signal and be input in real time in computing machine (8), the deformation signal that described axial strain sensor (13) and radial strain sensor (14) gather shale test specimen (5) is also input in computing machine (8) in real time.
2. supercritical CO according to claim 1
2fracturing increases the experimental provision of shale gas reservoir permeability, it is characterized in that: described CO
2source of the gas supply system comprises the CO being communicated with successively
2gas cylinder (1), filtrator (15) and non-return valve (16).
3. supercritical CO according to claim 1
2fracturing increases the experimental provision of shale gas reservoir permeability, it is characterized in that: described gas booster (2) is high pressure CO
2syringe pump.
4. supercritical CO according to claim 1
2fracturing increases the experimental provision of shale gas reservoir permeability, it is characterized in that: described temperature controller (4) is thermostatical oil bath.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210276714.6A CN102778554B (en) | 2012-08-06 | 2012-08-06 | Experimental device for improving permeability of shale gas storage layer in supercritical CO2 fracturing process |
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| CN201210276714.6A CN102778554B (en) | 2012-08-06 | 2012-08-06 | Experimental device for improving permeability of shale gas storage layer in supercritical CO2 fracturing process |
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