CN106289988B - Supercritical carbon dioxide rock fracture pilot system - Google Patents
Supercritical carbon dioxide rock fracture pilot system Download PDFInfo
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- CN106289988B CN106289988B CN201510287459.9A CN201510287459A CN106289988B CN 106289988 B CN106289988 B CN 106289988B CN 201510287459 A CN201510287459 A CN 201510287459A CN 106289988 B CN106289988 B CN 106289988B
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Abstract
The present invention, which provides, a kind of can be realized rock sample under the conditions of crustal stress by the rock mechanics testing system of supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing.It is characterized in that supercritical carbon dioxide servo supply portion is formed using liquid carbon dioxide source, high pressure measurement plunger pump and numerical control high-precision heating device come realize supercritical carbon dioxide etc. flows or pressure is waited to supply；Sand device, surfactant filling apparatus are taken using sealed thermal insulating and anti-arranging device composition is closed takes sand part and realize that supercritical carbon dioxide takes sand and enter and strut crack；Use that hydraulic oil source, triaxial cell, high rigidity actuator, lower bolster and rock sample composition rock sample pressurized part are that rock sample applies axial stress and confining pressure to simulate true crustal stress states on rock sample.
Description
Technical field rock mechanics experiment technology and apparatus field
The exploitation of background technique shale gas needs to implement fracturing reform to reservoir, and high pressure is pumped into after pressure break medium is taken sand
Reservoir implements pressure break in hyposmosis tight stratum and forms three-dimensional cracking network, effectively improves reservoir rock permeability and reach
Exploitative purpose.Supercritical carbon dioxide is when carbon dioxide temperature is more than 31.26 DEG C, when pressure is more than 7.38MPa
A kind of special state, supercritical carbon dioxide intermolecular force very little, mobility is extremely strong and density is higher, if faced using super
Boundary's carbon dioxide can link up the fracture network in reservoir as pressure break medium to greatest extent.For how by laboratory
It is a problem that simulation, which reappears breaking effect of the rock sample under supercritical carbon dioxide effect under crustal stress states, is essentially consisted in several
The problem of aspect, is difficult to solve: how to realize transformation of the liquid carbon dioxide to supercritical carbon dioxide；How to realize overcritical
The servo of carbon dioxide supplies；That how to realize supercritical carbon dioxide takes sand.
The summary of the invention present invention, which provides one kind, can be realized rock sample under the conditions of crustal stress by supercritical carbon dioxide
The rock mechanics testing system of fracturing.It is characterized in that using liquid carbon dioxide source, high pressure measurement plunger pump and numerical control high-precision
Degree heating device composition supercritical carbon dioxide servo supply portion realizes the equal flows of supercritical carbon dioxide or waits pressure
Supply；Sand device, surfactant filling apparatus and the closed sand part of taking of anti-arranging device composition are taken come real using sealed thermal insulating
Existing supercritical carbon dioxide takes sand and enters and strut crack；Using hydraulic oil source, triaxial cell, high rigidity actuator, rock sample
Upper lower bolster and rock sample composition rock sample pressurized part are that rock sample applies axial stress and confining pressure to simulate truly
Stress state.
Supercritical carbon dioxide rock fracture pilot system by supercritical carbon dioxide servo supply portion, closed takes sand
Part and rock sample pressurized part are total to three parts composition, and the supercritical carbon dioxide servo supply portion is by liquid carbon dioxide
Source 1, the first safety-valve 2, pressure gauge 3, high pressure measurement plunger pump 4, check-valves 5, first pressure sensor 6, pressure is from turn
Change valve 7, accumulator 8, the second safety-valve 9, carbon dioxide heating device 10, the first temperature sensor 11 and third safety-valve
12 compositions；It is described closed to take sand part sand device 13, second temperature sensor 14, second pressure sensor are taken by sealed thermal insulating
15, surfactant filling apparatus 16, valve 17, anti-arranging device 18, pressure break control device 19 the 4th safety-valve 20 and super faces
Boundary's carbon dioxide injection mouth 21 forms；The rock sample pressurized part is by rock sample 22, lower bolster 23 on sample, pressure chamber 24,
Confining pressure input port 25, pressure actuator 26, loads control device 27 and hydraulic oil source 28 forms.
Basic principle and technology: for the needs of liquid carbon dioxide pressurization pumping, using two high pressure measurement plunger pumps
Parallel connection come realize liquid carbon dioxide etc. pressure or wait flows continuous servo supply, liquid carbon dioxide be pressurized to be more than
7.38MPa；Liquid carbon dioxide could be made to enter above-critical state for also needing to be promoted temperature after liquid carbon dioxide pressurization,
Pressurized liquid carbon dioxide is heated uniformly to more than 31.26 using carbon dioxide heating device cooperation temperature sensor
DEG C, finally liquid carbon dioxide is made to enter above-critical state；For pressure break medium during supercritical carbon dioxide reservoir fracturing
It needs to take sand and enters crack to strut crack, sand device cooperation temperature sensor and pressure sensor are taken using sealed thermal insulating and are made
Supercritical carbon dioxide carries fine sand in the case where guaranteeing that pressure and temp is constant and enters rock sample；For rock sample answer
The simulation of power state needs, and applies axis pressure and confining pressure along sample axial direction and periphery using cylindrical compression room, confining pressure is by hydraulic oil
Inlet enters pressure chamber along sample periphery to apply, and axis pressure is axially applied using pressure actuator along sample；Face for super
The needs of boundary's carbon dioxide reservoir fracturing process simulation are faced using the drilling along rock sample axis arrangement certain diameter by super
Boundary's carbon dioxide implements pressure break along drilling injection rock sample.
Supercritical carbon dioxide rock fracture pilot system by supercritical carbon dioxide servo supply portion, closed takes sand
Part and rock sample pressurized part are total to three parts composition.
Supercritical carbon dioxide servo supply portion is by liquid carbon dioxide source 1, the first safety-valve 2, pressure gauge 3, height
Pressure metering piston pump 4, check-valves 5, first pressure sensor 6, pressure automatic switching valve 7, accumulator 8, the second safety-valve 9,
Carbon dioxide heating device 10, the first temperature sensor 11 and third safety-valve 12 form.The dioxy in liquid carbon dioxide source 1
Changing carbon, high pressure is stored in steel cylinder at normal temperature, and high pressure measurement plunger pump 4 must satisfy output flow and the output of servo supply
Pressure requirements, accumulator 8 can cooperate high pressure measurement plunger pump 4 to guarantee the stable supplying of liquid carbon dioxide, carbon dioxide
Heating device 10 is required to guarantee liquid carbon dioxide being heated uniformly to set temperature.
It is closed to take sand part sand device 13, second temperature sensor 14, second pressure sensor 15, table are taken by sealed thermal insulating
Face activating agent filling apparatus 16, valve 17, anti-arranging device 18, pressure break control device 19, the 4th safety-valve 20 and overcritical two
Carbonoxide inlet 21 forms.Sealed thermal insulating takes that sand device 13 must assure that can be by overcritical dioxy under the conditions of being completely closed
It is exported after changing carbon and fine sand mixing, anti-arranging device 18 can guarantee to take the supercritical carbon dioxide one way stable output after sand, pressure
Pressure, temperature and flow of the liquid carbon dioxide during supply can be controlled comprehensively by splitting control device 19.
Rock sample pressurized part is by rock sample 22, lower bolster 23 on sample, pressure chamber 24, confining pressure input port 25, and pressure is made
Dynamic device 26, loads control device 27 and hydraulic oil source 28 forms.The confining pressure that the wall thickness of pressure chamber 24 should meet rock sample 22 adds
Carry need, confining pressure input port 25 should be able to servo input 22 confining pressure of rock sample load needed for pressure, pressure actuator 26 should be able to
Enough servo output 22 axis of rock sample pressures load required pressure, and it is straight to should be greater than rock sample 22 for the size of lower bolster 23 on sample
The frequency response of diameter, load control device 27 can satisfy the axial direction and confining pressure servo loading needs of rock sample 22.
The output port in the liquid carbon dioxide source 1 is logical with the input terminal of two high pressure measurement plunger pumps 4 respectively
Piping connection；In the connecting pipe of the liquid carbon dioxide source 1 and high pressure measurement plunger pump 4, it is disposed with first
Safety-valve 2 and pressure gauge 3；The output end of two high pressure measurement plunger pumps 4 passes through with the pressure automatic switching valve 7
Pipeline connection；It is disposed in two high pressure measurement plunger pumps 4 and the connecting pipe of the pressure automatic switching valve 7
Check-valves 5 and first pressure sensor 6；The input terminal of the pressure automatic switching valve 7 and the carbon dioxide heating device 10
It is connected by pipeline；The output port of the accumulator 8 is connected to the pressure automatic switching valve 7 and the dioxy by pipeline
In the connecting pipe for changing carbon heating device 10；In the company of the pressure automatic switching valve 7 and the carbon dioxide heating device 10
On adapter tube road, it is provided with second safety-valve 9, and the accumulator 8 is located at the pressure automatic switching valve 7 and described the
Between two safety-valves 9；The output end and the sealed thermal insulating of the carbon dioxide heating device 10 take the input of sand device 13
End is connected by pipeline, and in the connecting pipe that the carbon dioxide heating device 10 takes sand device 13 with the sealed thermal insulating
It is provided with third safety-valve 12；The sealed thermal insulating takes the output end and the supercritical carbon dioxide inlet of sand device 13
21 are connected by pipeline, and take the connecting tube of sand device 13 Yu the supercritical carbon dioxide inlet 21 in the sealed thermal insulating
The 4th safety-valve 20 is additionally provided on road；The axis of the supercritical carbon dioxide inlet 21 and the rock sample 22
It is connected to drilling by pipeline；
The input terminal that the output port and the sealed thermal insulating of the surfactant filling apparatus 16 take sand device 13 is logical
Piping connection, and valve 17 is provided on the pipeline；The pressure break control device 19 is filled with surfactant filling
16 electrical connections are set, for controlling the opening and closing of the surfactant filling apparatus 16；
The anti-arranging device 18 is connected to the sealed thermal insulating by pipeline and takes sand device 13 and the overcritical titanium dioxide
In the connecting pipe of carbon inlet 21, and the anti-arranging device 18 is located at the sealed thermal insulating and takes sand device 13 and the 4th safety valve
Between door 20；
The pressure break control device 19 respectively with the control terminal and first pressure sensor 6 of the high pressure measurement plunger pump 4
Electrical connection；The first pressure sensor 6 is used to detect the high pressure measurement plunger pump 4 and the pressure automatic switching valve 7
Pressure value in connecting pipe, so that the pressure break control device 19 detects obtained pressure value according to the pressure sensor 6
Control whether the high pressure measurement plunger pump 4 is opened；
The sealed thermal insulating, which is taken, is provided with the second temperature sensor 14 and second pressure sensing in sand device 13
Device 15；The second temperature sensor 14 and the second pressure sensor 15 are electrically connected with the pressure break control device 19；
The pressure break control device 19 is according to the temperature value and second pressure detected in the second temperature sensor 14 received
The pressure value detected in force snesor 15, it is determined whether to enable the sealed thermal insulatings to take sand device 13；
First temperature sensor 11 is provided on the carbon dioxide heating device 10；First temperature sensor
11 are electrically connected with the pressure break control device 19；The pressure break control device 19 is according to first temperature sensor received
The temperature value detected in 11 judges whether to close the carbon dioxide heating device 10；
The output end of the hydraulic oil source 28 is connect with the load control device 27 by pipeline；The load manipulation dress
27 are set to connect with the confining pressure input port 25 by pipeline；
Load control device 27 control with the control terminal of the hydraulic oil source 28 and the pressure actuator 26 respectively
End electrical connection processed, with the opening and closing for controlling the hydraulic oil source 28, and for controlling the pressure actuator 26
Opening and closing；
The top of 24 side of pressure chamber is arranged in the supercritical carbon dioxide inlet 21；The confining pressure input port
The lower section of 25 setting 24 other sides of pressure chamber；The centre of lower bolster 23 on the sample is arranged in the rock sample 22；
Lower bolster 23 is arranged in pressure chamber 24 on the rock sample 22 and sample；The pressure actuator 26 is arranged in the pressure
The underface of room 24.
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing is supercritical carbon dioxide rock fracture pilot system composition figure.
1: liquid carbon dioxide source；2: the first safety-valves；3: pressure gauge；4: high pressure measurement plunger pump；5: check-valves；6:
First pressure sensor；7: pressure automatic switching valve；8: accumulator；9: the second safety-valves；10: carbon dioxide heating device；
11: the first temperature sensors；12: third safety-valve；13: sealed thermal insulating takes sand device；14: second temperature sensor；15: the
Two pressure sensors；16: surfactant filling apparatus；17: valve；18: anti-arranging device；19: pressure break control device；20: the
Four safety-valves；21: supercritical carbon dioxide inlet；22: rock sample；23: lower bolster on sample；24: pressure chamber；25:
Confining pressure input port；26: pressure actuator；27: load control device；28: hydraulic oil source.
Rock sample 22 is placed on sample between lower bolster 23 and is placed in pressure chamber 24 by specific embodiment 1., opens
Dynamic load control device 27 controls the hydraulic oil in hydraulic oil source 28 and is tried into pressure chamber 24 rock by confining pressure input port 25
Sample 22 applies confining pressure to setting value, loads control device 27 later and controls pressure actuator 26 along the axial application axis of rock sample 22
To load to setting value.
2. opening the first safety-valve 2, liquid carbon dioxide current pressure values are obtained by pressure gauge 3, later high pressure liquid
State carbon dioxide enters high pressure measurement plunger pump 4 by the first safety-valve 2, starts high pressure measurement by pressure break control device 19
Plunger pump 4 is pressurized to setting value to liquid carbon dioxide, and liquid carbon dioxide is continuous after being pressurized by pressure automatic switching valve 7
Supply, opens the second safety-valve 9, and pressurized liquid carbon dioxide enters carbon dioxide heating device 10 and is evenly heated
To set temperature value, finally liquid carbon dioxide is made to enter above-critical state.
3. opening third safety-valve 12, supercritical carbon dioxide takes sand into sealed thermal insulating by third safety-valve 12
It is mixed after device 13 with fine sand, valve 17 can be opened in the process and opens surfactant filling apparatus 16 and is super to realize
The uniform mixing of critical carbon dioxide and fine sand, the supercritical carbon dioxide after taking sand are exported by anti-arranging device 18.
4. opening the 4th safety-valve 20, the supercritical carbon dioxide after taking sand passes through supercritical carbon dioxide inlet 21
The axial drilling of rock sample 22 is inputted, the rock sample 22 under triaxial state of stress is final under supercritical carbon dioxide effect
Rupture.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of can be realized rock sample under the conditions of crustal stress by the rock mechanics experiment system of supercritical carbon dioxide fracturing
System, by supercritical carbon dioxide servo supply portion, it is closed take sand part and rock sample pressurized part is total to three parts and constitutes, it is described
Supercritical carbon dioxide servo supply portion is by liquid carbon dioxide source (1), the first safety-valve (2), pressure gauge (3), high pressure
Metering piston pump (4), check-valves (5), first pressure sensor (6), pressure automatic switching valve (7), accumulator (8), the second peace
Full valve door (9), carbon dioxide heating device (10), the first temperature sensor (11) and third safety-valve (12) composition, liquid
High pressure is stored in steel cylinder the carbon dioxide of carbon dioxide source (1) at normal temperature, and high pressure measurement plunger pump (4) meets servo supply
Output flow and output pressure requirement, accumulator (8) can cooperate high pressure measurement plunger pump (4) to ensure liquid carbon dioxide
Stable supplying, liquid carbon dioxide can be heated uniformly to set temperature by carbon dioxide heating device (10)；It is described closed
It takes sand part to be taken sand device (13) by sealed thermal insulating, second temperature sensor (14), second pressure sensor (15), surface-active
Agent filling apparatus (16), valve (17), anti-arranging device (18), pressure break control device (19), the 4th safety-valve (20) He Chaolin
Boundary's carbon dioxide injection mouth (21) composition, sealed thermal insulating takes sand device (13) can be by overcritical dioxy under the conditions of being completely closed
It is exported after changing carbon and fine sand mixing, anti-arranging device (18) can make to take the supercritical carbon dioxide one way stable output after sand, pressure
Pressure, temperature and flow of the liquid carbon dioxide during supply can be controlled comprehensively by splitting control device (19)；The rock sample
Pressurized part is by rock sample (22), lower bolster (23) on sample, pressure chamber (24), confining pressure input port (25), pressure actuator
(26), control device (27) and hydraulic oil source (28) composition are loaded, the wall thickness of pressure chamber (24) meets enclosing for rock sample (22)
Pressure load, confining pressure input port (25) can servo input rock sample (22) confining pressure load needed for pressure, pressure actuator (26)
Can servo output rock sample (22) axis pressure load needed for pressure, the size of lower bolster (23) is greater than rock sample on sample
(22) frequency response of diameter, load control device (27) can satisfy the axial direction and confining pressure servo loading of rock sample (22)；
Wherein, sand device (13) are taken using the sealed thermal insulating and cooperates the second temperature sensor (14) and the second pressure
Sensor (15), so that supercritical carbon dioxide carries fine sand in the case where pressure and temp is constant and enters rock sample；
The output port of the liquid carbon dioxide source (1) is logical with the input terminal of two high pressure measurement plunger pumps (4) respectively
Piping connection；In the connecting pipe of the liquid carbon dioxide source (1) Yu high pressure measurement plunger pump (4), it is disposed with
First safety-valve (2) and pressure gauge (3)；The output end of two high pressure measurement plunger pumps (4) is automatic with the pressure
Switching valve (7) is connected by pipeline；The connection of two the high pressure measurement plunger pumps (4) and the pressure automatic switching valve (7)
Check-valves (5) and first pressure sensor (6) are disposed on pipeline；The pressure automatic switching valve (7) and described two
The input terminal of carbonoxide heating device (10) is connected by pipeline；The output port of the accumulator (8) is connected to by pipeline
In the connecting pipe of the pressure automatic switching valve (7) and the carbon dioxide heating device (10)；In the pressure from turn
It changes in the connecting pipe of valve (7) and the carbon dioxide heating device (10), is provided with second safety-valve (9), and institute
Accumulator (8) are stated between the pressure automatic switching valve (7) and second safety-valve (9)；The carbon dioxide adds
The output end of thermal (10) is connect with the input terminal that the sealed thermal insulating takes sand device (13) by pipeline, and in the dioxy
Change carbon heating device (10) and the sealed thermal insulating and take and is provided with third safety-valve (12) in the connecting pipes of sand device (13)；
The output end that the sealed thermal insulating takes sand device (13) is connect with the supercritical carbon dioxide inlet (21) by pipeline, and
It takes in the sealed thermal insulating and is additionally provided in sand device (13) and the connecting pipe of the supercritical carbon dioxide inlet (21)
4th safety-valve (20)；The axial drilling of the supercritical carbon dioxide inlet (21) and the rock sample (22)
It is connected by pipeline；
The input terminal that the output port and the sealed thermal insulating of the surfactant filling apparatus (16) take sand device (13) is logical
Piping connection, and valve (17) are provided on the pipeline；The pressure break control device (19) adds with the surfactant
Dispensing device (16) electrical connection, for controlling the opening and closing of the surfactant filling apparatus (16)；
The anti-arranging device (18) is connected to the sealed thermal insulating by pipeline and takes sand device (13) and the overcritical titanium dioxide
In the connecting pipe of carbon inlet (21), and the anti-arranging device (18) is located at the sealed thermal insulating and takes sand device (13) and the 4th
Between safety-valve (20)；
The pressure break control device (19) senses with the control terminal of the high pressure measurement plunger pump (4) and the first pressure respectively
Device (6) electrical connection；The first pressure sensor (6) is used to detect the high pressure measurement plunger pump (4) and the pressure is automatic
Pressure value in the connecting pipe of switching valve (7), so that the pressure break control device (19) is examined according to the pressure sensor (6)
The pressure value measured controls whether the high pressure measurement plunger pump (4) opens；
The sealed thermal insulating, which is taken, is provided with the second temperature sensor (14) and second pressure sensing on sand device (13)
Device (15)；The second temperature sensor (14) and the second pressure sensor (15) with the pressure break control device (19)
Electrical connection；The pressure break control device (19) according to the temperature value detected in the second temperature sensor (14) received and
The pressure value detected in the second pressure sensor (15), it is determined whether to enable the sealed thermal insulatings to take sand device (13)；
First temperature sensor (11) is provided on the carbon dioxide heating device (10)；First temperature sensor
(11) it is electrically connected with the pressure break control device (19)；The pressure break control device (19) is according to first temperature received
The temperature value detected in sensor (11), judges whether to close the carbon dioxide heating device (10)；
The output end of the hydraulic oil source (28) is connect with the load control device (27) by pipeline；The load manipulation dress
It sets (27) and is connect with the confining pressure input port (25) by pipeline；
Load control device (27) respectively with the control terminal of the hydraulic oil source (28) and the pressure actuator (26)
Control terminal electrical connection, with the opening and closing for controlling the hydraulic oil source (28), and for controlling the pressure actuation
The opening and closing of device (26)；
Top of supercritical carbon dioxide inlet (21) setting in the pressure chamber (24) side；The confining pressure input port
(25) lower section of pressure chamber (24) other side is set；Lower bolster (23) are arranged on the sample in the rock sample (22)
Centre；Lower bolster (23) is arranged in pressure chamber (24) on the rock sample (22) and sample；The pressure actuator
(26) it is arranged in the underface of the pressure chamber (24).
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