CN102778554A - Experimental device for improving permeability of shale gas storage layer in supercritical CO2 fracturing process - Google Patents
Experimental device for improving permeability of shale gas storage layer in supercritical CO2 fracturing process Download PDFInfo
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- CN102778554A CN102778554A CN2012102767146A CN201210276714A CN102778554A CN 102778554 A CN102778554 A CN 102778554A CN 2012102767146 A CN2012102767146 A CN 2012102767146A CN 201210276714 A CN201210276714 A CN 201210276714A CN 102778554 A CN102778554 A CN 102778554A
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- shale
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- 239000007789 gases Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000000034 methods Methods 0.000 title abstract description 15
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon dioxide Chemical compound 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O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 229910002092 carbon dioxides Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 239000010410 layers Substances 0.000 title abstract 4
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003921 oils Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001808 coupling Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005859 coupling reactions Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 235000015076 Shorea robusta Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 240000007944 Shorea robusta Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007788 liquids Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011901 water Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering processes Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003345 natural gases Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000274 adsorptive Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cements Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000875 corresponding Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagrams Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental methods Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001052 transient Effects 0.000 description 1
Abstract
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of supercritical CO 2Cause and split the experimental provision that increases the shale gas reservoir permeability, particularly a kind ofly can carry out supercritical CO under different terrestrial stress, different reservoir pressure and the condition of different temperatures 2Cause and split the research of shale gas reservoir mechanism experiment and cause the experimental provision that splits process shale stress-strain-permeability variation rule research.
Background technology
The China's natural gas increasing demand increases, and the inlet natural gas amount increases day by day, and externally interdependency is also increasing, the serious threat Chinese energy safety.China's shale gas resource is very abundant, efficiently develops shale gas for alleviating China's energy supply and demand contradiction, readjusting the energy structure, ensure that energy security is significant.Because shale gas reservoir low porosity and low permeability, the exploitation shale gas must carry out reservoir fracturing and anatonosis.The U.S. that successfully exploits at present shale gas mainly adopts hydraulic fracturing technology, but this Technology Need consumes great amount of water resources and seriously polluted to underground water.
Discover, work as CO 2Temperature and pressure be in 31.1 ℃ and 7.38 MPa respectively when above, CO 2To reach supercriticality and (be called for short SC-CO 2).Supercritical CO 2Character between gas and liquid, existing gas like lower viscosity and easy diffusivity also have the high density and the good characteristics of dissolubility of liquid, have superpower flow, infiltration and transmit performance, can replace clear water as fracturing liquid.
Therefore, in conjunction with China's shale gas exploitation and national CO 2The great demand that reduces discharging, the applicant proposes to adopt supercritical CO 2The technical thought that replaces clear water to carry out the anatonosis of shale gas reservoir fracturing, this thinking can also realize that carbon dioxide seals up for safekeeping in the shale gas reservoir midium or long term when increasing the shale gas reservoir permeability.Specific operation process is: make the CO that traps from industrial emission source through changing pressure and temperature 2Be in the supercriticality between gaseous state and liquid state, use it for a large amount of clear water required when replacing shale gas performance history hydrofracturing reservoir, carry out the pressure break of shale gas reservoir, improve reservoir permeability, strengthen CO 2The property injected enlarges CO 2In the shale bed, involve scope, make CO 2Fully contact with the shale bed, utilize the shale body CO 2And CH 4The difference of adsorptive power is with CH 4Cement out, sealing CO up for safekeeping 2The time improve the shale gas recovery ratio, realize CO 2Seal best combination for a long time up for safekeeping with high-efficiency resource recycling.
But at present for supercritical CO 2The research that causes the theory of splitting shale and experiment aspect all also seldom particularly lacks corresponding experimental provision and simulates supercritical CO 2Cause the Changing Pattern that splits process shale gas reservoir permeability, stress, strain.The current experiments device can only carry out the experimental study of hydrofracturing, for supercritical CO 2Exist following not enough: CO can not effectively be controlled in (1) 2Phase; (2) can not simulate supercritical CO under many (terrestrial stress, temperature, pressure) coupling conditions 2Cause and split the dynamic change of process shale gas reservoir permeability.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the invention provides a kind of supercritical CO 2Cause and split the experimental provision that increases the shale gas reservoir permeability, this device can be simulated supercritical CO under many (terrestrial stress, temperature, pressure) coupling conditions 2Cause and split the dynamic change of process shale gas reservoir permeability, and shale rupture process strain-stress relation, acoustic emission signal are gathered in real time, be supercritical CO 2Cause the research of splitting increase shale gas reservoir permeability mechanism experiment porch is provided.
Supercritical CO of the present invention 2Cause and split the experimental provision that increases the shale gas reservoir permeability; Comprise source of the gas supply system, gas booster, pressure chamber, temperature controller and automatic data acquisition system; Be provided with the shale test specimen of centre-drilling hole in the said pressure chamber; The pressure chamber is provided with draft tube and escape pipe and draft tube and escape pipe and is communicated with the centre-drilling hole of shale test specimen; Said source of the gas supply system is communicated with the draft tube of pressure chamber through gas booster; Said gas booster and pressure chamber all place in the temperature controller; Said automatic data acquisition system comprises computing machine, temperature sensor, pressure transducer, acoustic emission device, flowmeter, axial strain sensor and radial strain sensor, and said temperature sensor, pressure transducer harmony emitter are gathered temperature, pressure and the acoustic emission signal of pressure chamber respectively and be input in real time in the computing machine, and said flowmeter is gathered CO 2Flow signal and be input in real time in the computing machine, the deformation signal of said axial strain sensor and radial strain sensor acquisition shale test specimen also is input in the computing machine in real time.
Further, said source of the gas supply system comprises the CO that is communicated with successively 2Gas cylinder, filtrator and non-return valve.
Further, said gas booster is a high pressure CO 2Syringe pump.
Further, said temperature controller is the thermostatical oil bath.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: use device of the present invention to carry out supercritical CO 2Cause when splitting the shale experiment, gas booster is with CO 2Be converted into liquid state, be injected into the pressure that is higher than 7.38MPa in the shale test specimen of pressure chamber, the pressure chamber is heated, temperature is increased to the temperature greater than 31.4 ℃, make liquid CO through temperature controller 2Be transformed into supercriticality, utilize supercritical CO 2Cause and split shale, automatic data acquisition system is gathered shale rupture process strain-stress relation, pressure, temperature, acoustic emission signal etc. in real time simultaneously, and to supercritical CO 2Causing the seepage characteristic that splits the shale front and back measures; Therefore, device of the present invention can be simulated supercritical CO under many (terrestrial stress, temperature, pressure) coupling conditions 2Cause and split the dynamic change of process shale gas reservoir permeability, be supercritical CO 2Cause the research of splitting increase shale gas reservoir permeability mechanism experiment porch is provided.
Description of drawings
In order to make the object of the invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, will combine accompanying drawing that the present invention is made further detailed description below, wherein:
Fig. 1 is a supercritical CO of the present invention 2Cause the structural representation that splits the experimental provision that increases the shale gas reservoir permeability;
Fig. 2 is shale test specimen boring synoptic diagram.
Embodiment
Below will carry out detailed description to the preferred embodiments of the present invention with reference to accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is a supercritical CO of the present invention 2Cause the structural representation that splits the experimental provision that increases the shale gas reservoir permeability, as shown in the figure, supercritical CO of the present invention 2Cause and split the experimental provision that increases the shale gas reservoir permeability; Comprise source of the gas supply system, gas booster 2, pressure chamber 3, temperature controller 4 and automatic data acquisition system; Be provided with the shale test specimen 5 of centre-drilling hole in the said pressure chamber 3; Pressure chamber 3 is provided with draft tube 6 and is communicated with the centre-drilling hole of shale test specimen 5 with escape pipe 7 with escape pipe 7 and draft tube 6; Said source of the gas supply system is communicated with the draft tube 6 of pressure chamber 3 through gas booster 2; Said gas booster 2 all places in the temperature controller 4 with pressure chamber 3; Said automatic data acquisition system comprises computing machine 8, temperature sensor 9, pressure transducer 10, acoustic emission device 11, flowmeter 12, axial strain sensor 13 and radial strain sensor 14, and said temperature sensor 9, pressure transducer 10 harmony emitters 11 are gathered temperature, pressure and the acoustic emission signal of pressure chamber 3 respectively and are input in real time in the computing machine 8, and said flowmeter 12 is gathered CO 2Flow signal and be input in real time in the computing machine 8, said axial strain sensor 13 is gathered the deformation signal of shale test specimens 5 with radial strain sensor 14 and is input in real time in the computing machine 8.
In the present embodiment, said source of the gas supply system comprises the CO that is communicated with successively 2Gas cylinder 1, filtrator 15 and non-return valve 16.
In the present embodiment, said gas booster 2 is a high pressure CO 2Syringe pump.
In the present embodiment, said temperature controller 4 is the thermostatical oil bath.
Use device of the present invention to carry out supercritical CO 2Cause when splitting the shale experiment, at first according to experimental program shale test specimen 5 is holed, boring is carried out (as shown in Figure 2) at the test specimen center, and centre-drilling hole is CO 2Inlet, gas booster 2 is with CO then 2Be converted into liquid state, be injected into the pressure that is higher than 7.38MPa in the shale test specimen 5 of pressure chamber 3,, temperature is increased to the temperature greater than 31.4 ℃, make liquid CO through 3 heating of 4 pairs of pressure chambers of temperature controller 2Be transformed into supercriticality, utilize supercritical CO 2Cause and split shale; Simultaneously, automatic data acquisition system is gathered shale rupture process strain-stress relation, pressure, temperature, acoustic emission signal etc. in real time, and to supercritical CO 2Cause the seepage characteristic that splits the shale front and back and measure, measuring supercritical CO 2During seepage characteristic in shale, in order to keep CO 2Phase, the escape pipe 7 of pressure chamber 3 must be closed, and can not be communicated with atmospheric pressure, and need be kept above supercritical CO 2The pressure of state needs to adopt the transient state method to carry out the mensuration of permeability, and the concrete operations mode is that adopts pressure sensor record test specimen two ends pressure reduction concerns that over time obtain through calculating, the seepage flow experiment of other gases can record through steady state method; The working fluid pressure scope of apparatus of the present invention is 0-15MPa; The axial compression range of control is 0-100MPa, and the confined pressure range of control is 0-15MPa, and the maximum fluid pressure control range is 0-15MPa; Temperature controlling range is 0-100 ℃, and shale sample dimensions size is φ 100mm * 200mm.
Device of the present invention can be simulated supercritical CO under many (terrestrial stress, temperature, pressure) coupling conditions 2Cause and split the dynamic change of process shale gas reservoir permeability, be supercritical CO 2Cause the research of splitting increase shale gas reservoir permeability mechanism experiment porch is provided.
Explanation is at last; Above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described; Although through invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention; But those of ordinary skill in the art should be appreciated that and can make various changes to it in form with on the details, and the spirit and scope of the present invention that do not depart from appended claims and limited.
Claims (4)
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| CN102944666A (en) * | 2012-12-05 | 2013-02-27 | 西南石油大学 | Shale gas reservoir recovery simulation experimental device |
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