CN102944666A - Shale gas reservoir recovery simulation experimental device - Google Patents
Shale gas reservoir recovery simulation experimental device Download PDFInfo
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- CN102944666A CN102944666A CN2012105138803A CN201210513880A CN102944666A CN 102944666 A CN102944666 A CN 102944666A CN 2012105138803 A CN2012105138803 A CN 2012105138803A CN 201210513880 A CN201210513880 A CN 201210513880A CN 102944666 A CN102944666 A CN 102944666A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an experimental device in the field of natural gas recovery, and particularly relates to a shale gas reservoir recovery simulation experimental device. The shale gas reservoir recovery simulation experimental device comprises a high-pressure gas source system, an injection system, a model system, a thermostat system, a pressure return system and a data acquisition system, wherein an intermediate container in the injection system and a core holding unit in the model system are positioned in a thermostat. The shale gas reservoir recovery simulation experimental device has the advantages that a plate model core clamping device and two full-diameter core clamping devices are connected, the cores of different dimensions are connected in series, multi-scale pore characteristics in the shale gas reservoir can be simulated, the multi-scale characteristics of shale gas seepage influenced by the multi-scale effect are reflected, the recovery process of the shale gas reservoir can be accurately simulated, and recovery mechanisms and recovery dynamics of the shale gas reservoir in different modes can be comprehensively evaluated; and meanwhile, a large-scale shale core adsorption/desorption experiment can be performed by utilizing the experimental device, and a gas adsorption/desorption rule of the large-scale shale core under different conditions is researched.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the experimental provision in a kind of natural gas extraction field, relate in particular to a kind of shale gas reservoir exploitation simulated experiment apparatus.
Background technology
Shale gas is as a kind of novel unconventional energy resource, its formation, migration, tax are deposited with withdrawal mechanism and are different from conventional gas, it is present in the silty, pelitic siltstone stratum of mud stone, high-carbon mud stone, shale and sandwich-like, assemble afterwards the result nearby for rock gas generates in the source bed, shale gas reservoir shows as typically " original place " one-tenth Tibetan pattern.Rock gas in the shale gas reservoir mainly is to compose with adsorbed state to be stored in rock particles and organic surface, or composes with free state and to be stored among hole and the crack, also has the dissolved state of minute quantity to exist.The tax of adsorption-like rock gas is deposited closely relevant with the content of organic matter, is each other growth and decline relation between it and the free shape rock gas content, and wherein the content of adsorbed state rock gas is between 20% ~ 85%.Shale gas reservoir mesoporosity type can be divided into grade hole, micron order hole and nanoscale hole, in shale gas seepage flow, the effects such as shale gas and duct surface collision, diffusion, make migration present Analysis On Multi-scale Features, comprise parsing, diffusion and Darcy Flow, mainly being Darcy Flow in the grade hole, mainly is diffusion and Darcy Flow in the micron order hole, mainly is to resolve in the nanoscale hole.Compare with conventional gas, shale gas reservoir has a very wide distribution, thickness reaches greatly the large characteristics of adsorbed gas content, so that the shale gas reservoir exploitation has advantages of that production life of well is long and the production cycle is long.
Shale gas has good exploration prospect in China, and the mining resources potentiality of China's shale gas prediction can reach 25.08 tcms (not containing the Qinghai-Tibet district).At present, be in starting stage and theory study stage in China's shale gas exploratory development, be necessary the characteristics of shale gas reservoir are carried out the laboratory experiment evaluation study.Own characteristic because of shale gas, at present the in-house laboratory investigation content mainly comprises the aspects such as petrology analysis, geochemical analysis, gas-bearing property analysis, special analysiss of compactness rock, and study the content of the aspects such as various withdrawal mechanisms, production performance of shale gas reservoir at indoor comprehensive less.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of shale gas reservoir exploitation simulated experiment apparatus, this experimental provision can be simulated the true formation condition of shale gas reservoir, the multiple dimensioned porosity type that has comprised shale gas reservoir, but the various withdrawal mechanisms of synthetic study shale gas reservoir, production performance, explore and the extraction rule of the different mining phases of analyzing shale gas reservoir and the variation of percolation law, and various recovery methods are optimized and comprehensive evaluation; But the absorption of also modeling effort large scale of this experimental provision shale rock core model/parsing experiment, the absorption of exploration large scale rock core model/parsing rule.
For reaching above technical purpose, the invention provides following technical scheme.
A kind of shale gas reservoir exploitation simulated experiment apparatus mainly is comprised of high-pressure air source system, injected system, model system, constant temperature oven system, back pressure system and data acquisition system (DAS).
Described high-pressure air source system comprises high-purity methane (CH
4) gas cylinder, high-purity carbon dioxide (CO
2) gas cylinder, helium (He) gas cylinder, nitrogen (N
2) gas cylinder, valve, air compressor and supercharge pump.High-purity CH
4/ CO
2/ He gas cylinder connects supercharge pump by pipeline, provides stable high-pressure air source by supercharge pump for the intermediate receptacle of injected system; N
2Gas cylinder is connected with supercharge pump by pipeline, provides stable high-pressure air source by supercharge pump for the intermediate receptacle of back pressure system.
Described model system comprises inlet valve, pressure transducer, flat plate model core holding unit, first full-hole core clamper, second full-hole core clamper, outlet valve.Three core holding units connect six-way valve by pipeline, are being connected with manual pump by pipeline, and manual pump provides confined pressure for core holding unit; This model system comprises an entrance and an outlet, and inlet valve is connected intermediate receptacle and is connected with injected system, and in the porch evacuated interface is set, and is used for being connected with return pump, and outlet valve is connected the check valve connection with back pressure system; Pressure transducer is connected with the data-signal vasculum of data acquisition system (DAS), is used for acquisition module record data point.
Described injected system comprises high-precision high voltage displacement pump, valve, intermediate receptacle.Intermediate receptacle is connected with the supercharge pump of high-precision high voltage displacement pump, high-pressure air source system and the inlet valve of model system respectively, high-pressure air source system provides stable high-pressure air source by supercharge pump for intermediate receptacle, high-precision high voltage displacement pump can be controlled the pressure of the injecting gas in the intermediate receptacle, with the inlet valve coupling part of model system an atmospheric valve is set.
Described constant temperature oven system is mainly and satisfies the required experimental temperature of experimental system, and reliable and stable temperature environment is provided, and intermediate receptacle and the core holding unit in the model system in the injected system all are positioned at constant temperature oven.
Described back pressure system comprises high-precision high voltage displacement pump, valve, intermediate receptacle, atmospheric valve, check valve.Intermediate receptacle is connected with check valve with the supercharge pump of high-pressure air source system respectively; Check valve connects intermediate receptacle, high-precision high voltage displacement pump successively, and regulate pressure by the latter and change, but the gas output pressure in the control simulation recovery process; The entrance of check valve is connected by pipeline with the outlet valve of model system, and the outlet of check valve is connected by pipeline with the gas meter of data acquisition system (DAS).
Described data acquisition system (DAS) comprises that a data-signal collector, a computing machine, a gas flow take into account gas chromatograph.The data-signal collector is connected with pressure transducer in the model system, then is connected the force value in the data acquisition module record experiment of computing machine with computing machine; Gas meter is connected with gas chromatographicanalyzer, and gas flow measuring goes out the gas flow behind the simulation mining, the data processing module in the rear input computing machine; Gas chromatographicanalyzer is connected with computing machine, and gas chromatographicanalyzer is used for analyzing the composition of extraction gas.Comprise data acquisition module, data processing module and data storage module in the computing machine, input in the data processing module in conjunction with the measured tolerance value of gas meter, can analyze the time of obtaining and pressure and change Relations Among, relation between time and each pressure reduction, the relation curves such as Relations Among of time and gas flow; Data storage module can store the data that data and the data processing module of data collecting module collected are processed.
The present invention is owing to taking above technical scheme, its advantage is flat plate model core holding unit device and two full-hole core clamper devices are coupled together, the rock core of different scale size is together in series, can simulate the multiple dimensioned pore character in the shale gas reservoir, the Analysis On Multi-scale Features that the shale gas seepage flow that reflecting affects because of multi-scale effect has, can accurately simulate the recovery process of shale gas reservoir, but the withdrawal mechanism of the different modes of comprehensive evaluation shale gas reservoir and production performance.Can also utilize simultaneously this experimental provision to carry out the absorption of large scale shale rock core/parsings experiment, study at the gas absorption/adsorption law of large scale shale rock core under different condition.
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is example 1 described shale gas reservoir exploitation simulated experiment apparatus schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that example 2 described shale gas of the present invention adsorb/resolve the experimental provision schematic diagram.
Description of reference numerals: 1. high-precision high voltage displacement pump, 2. the upper end valve of intermediate receptacle, 3. intermediate receptacle, 4. the lower end valve of intermediate receptacle, 5. high-purity methane (CH
4)/carbon dioxide (CO
2)/helium (He) gas cylinder, 6. valve, 7. air compressor, 8. supercharge pump, 9. atmospheric valve, 10. return pump, 11. inlet valve, 12. pressure transducers, 13. flat plate model core holding units, 14. pressure transducer, 15. valves, 16. first full-hole core clampers, 17. pressure transducer, 18. valves, 19. second full-hole core clampers, 20. pressure transducer, 21. outlet valves, 22. six-way valves, 23. manual pump, 24. data-signal collectors, 25. computing machines, 26. check valve, 27. atmospheric valves, 28. valves, 29. supercharge pump, 30. air compressor, 31. valves, 32. nitrogen (N
2) gas cylinder, the upper end valve of 33. intermediate receptacles, 34. intermediate receptacles, the lower end valve of 35. intermediate receptacles, 36. high-precision high voltage displacement pumps, 37. gas chromatographicanalyzers, 38. gas meters, 39. constant temperature ovens.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments content of the present invention is described further.
Example 1
As shown in Figure 1, the invention provides a kind of simulation shale gas reservoir exploitation simulated experiment apparatus, comprise high-pressure air source system, injected system, model system, constant temperature oven system, back pressure system and data acquisition system (DAS).
High-pressure air source system mainly comprises two parts, high-purity CH
4/ CO
2/ He gas cylinder 5 connects the intermediate receptacle 3 of valve 6, supercharge pump 8, injected system successively; N
2Gas cylinder 32 connects the intermediate receptacle 34 of valve 31, supercharge pump 29, back pressure system successively.Supercharge pump (8,29) is connected with air compressor (7,30), supercharge pump (8, a 29) end is connected with gas cylinder (5,32), one end is connected with intermediate receptacle (3,34), wherein gas cylinder (5,32) provides stable high-pressure air source, supercharge pump (8,29) stably increases pressure for the source of the gas of intermediate receptacle, bleed pressure in the supercharge pump (8,29) enters intermediate receptacle (3,34) after being increased to set pressure, makes in the intermediate receptacle (3,34) to be full of gases at high pressure.
High-precision high voltage displacement pump 1 in the injected system connects upper end valve 4, the emptying valve 9 of lower end valve 2, intermediate receptacle 3, the intermediate receptacle of intermediate receptacle, the inlet valve 11 of model system successively.Intermediate receptacle 3 upper ends are connected with the inlet valve of model system, intermediate receptacle 3 lower ends are connected with high-precision high voltage pump 1, high-precision high voltage displacement pump 1 provides pressure source (pressure transmitting medium is hydraulic oil) for intermediate receptacle 3, bleed pressure to middle container 3 is regulated, and enters in the model system with more stable pressure.When intermediate receptacle 3 is full of He, but the error volume of the instrument in the test model system and pipeline volume and shale rock core mesoporosity volume; Intermediate receptacle 3 is full of CH
4The time, model system is carried out pressure testing, guarantee the sealing of model system, be the abundant saturated CH of shale rock core part of model system simultaneously
4Source of the gas is provided; Intermediate receptacle 3 is full of CO
2The time, for estimating shale gas reservoir CO
2Displacement CH
4Mining type CO is provided
2Source of the gas.
Inlet valve 11 in the model system connects flat plate model core holding unit 13, valve 15, first full-hole core clamper 16, valve 18, second full-hole core clamper 19, outlet valve 21 successively, pressure transducer 12 is connected with the entrance and exit of pressure transducer 14 respectively at flat plate model core holding unit 13, pressure transducer 17 is connected with the outlet of first full-hole core clamper 16, and pressure transducer 20 is connected with the outlet of second full-hole core clamper 19.Connect between 3 core holding units (13,16,19) and control by valve, the pressure at core holding unit two ends detects by 4 pressure transducers (12,14,17,20), 4 pressure transducers (12,14,17,20) are connected with data-signal collector 24, the data transmission that collects is to the data acquisition module of computing machine 25, and acquisition module demonstrates the time dependent curve of pressure with the data of above-mentioned reception.Inlet valve 11 is connected with intermediate receptacle 3 upper ends in the injected system, be connected with upper end valve 4 and the emptying valve 9 of intermediate receptacle between the two, it is that shale rock core to being equipped with in the core holding unit in the model system partly vacuumizes that inlet valve 11 is connected with return pump 10, and outlet valve 21 is connected with check valve 26 entrances in the back pressure system; Comprise that also manual pump 23 connects six-way valve 22 by pipeline, be connected with 3 core holding units (13,16,19) respectively, manual pump 23 is mainly core holding unit (13,16,19) radially confined pressure (pressure transmitting medium is hydraulic oil) is provided, and the burden pressure in the simulation actual formation changes.The physical dimension (long * wide * thick) that wherein adopts dull and stereotyped rock core in the flat plate model core holding unit 13 is the mm of 200mm * 200mm * (50-100), and dull and stereotyped rock core is artificial or the shale rock core of appearing; It is the mm of φ (50-60) mm * (50-100) that two full-hole core clampers (16,19) adopt the size (diameter * length) of full-hole core, full-hole core is natural or the shale rock core of appearing, dull and stereotyped rock core and full-hole core are contained in the rubber sleeve, and rubber sleeve is arranged in core holding unit.The crack that the dull and stereotyped rock core that adopts descend two sides employing measure to produce certain depth and width thereon, it is opening to a certain degree under low confined pressure, be closure state to a certain degree under high confining pressure, and purpose is for sufficient adsorbed gas in the shale rock core.
The constant temperature oven system mainly is a constant temperature oven 39, mainly contain high sensitivity temperature sensor and temperature controller in the constant temperature oven 39, can accurately control the variation of temperature, for experimental system provides reliable experimental temperature, 3 core holding units (13,16,19) in the model system and intermediate receptacle 3 parts in the injected system should be arranged in constant temperature oven.
Check valve 26 in the back pressure system connects upper end valve 33, intermediate receptacle 34, the lower end valve 35 of intermediate receptacle, the high-precision high voltage displacement pump 36 of atmospheric valve 27, valve 28, intermediate receptacle successively.Check valve 26 entrances are connected with outlet valve 21 in the model system, check valve 26 outlets are connected with the gas meter 38 of data acquisition system (DAS), intermediate receptacle 34 upper ends are connected with check valve 26, intermediate receptacle 34 lower ends are connected with high-precision high voltage pump 36, high-precision high voltage pump 36 provides pressure source (pressure transmitting medium is hydraulic oil) for intermediate receptacle 34, bleed pressure to middle container 34 is regulated, gas with steady state (SS) enters in the cavity of check valve 26, makes the stable control system output pressure of check valve 26 energy.Check valve 26 connects atmospheric valve 27, and the atmospheric valve 27 main pressure of regulating check valve 26 are so that check valve 26 controlled pressures can accurately reach requirement of experiment.
Data acquisition system (DAS) mainly comprises data-signal collector 24, computing machine 25, gas meter 38 and gas chromatographicanalyzer 37.Data-signal collector 24 is connected with pressure transducer (12,14,17,20) in the model system, then be connected with computing machine 25, data-signal collector 24 is with the data transmission that the gathers data acquisition module to computing machine 25, and acquisition module demonstrates the time dependent curve of pressure with the data of above-mentioned reception.Gas meter 38 is connected with check valve 26, and gas meter 38 is measured the gas flow behind the simulation mining, and the data processing module in the rear input computing machine can obtain gas production and the change curve between the time.Gas chromatographicanalyzer 37 is connected with gas meter 38 and computing machine 25 respectively, and gas chromatograph 37 is used for analyzing the composition of extraction gas, and extraction gas component analysis result is stored in computing machine 25.Comprise data acquisition module, data processing module and data storage module in the computing machine 25, input in the data processing module in conjunction with gas meter 38 measured gas flow values, can analyze and obtain pressure and time variation Relations Among, each pressure reduction and the relation between the time, the Relations Among of pressure and gas yield, the Relations Among of pressure reduction and gas yield, the relation curves such as Relations Among of gas yield and time; Data storage module can store the data that data and the data processing module of data collecting module collected are processed.
The invention provides the method according to previous experiments unit simulation shale gas reservoir recovery process, comprise following experimental procedure:
1. according to the Experimental equipment assembling experimental facilities of Fig. 1, constant temperature oven 39 is arranged experimental temperature;
2. close the outlet valve 21 in the model system, with high-purity CH
4The gas of gas cylinder 5 is transferred in the intermediate receptacle 3, utilizes high-precision high voltage pump 1 to regulate intermediate receptacle 3 pressure with gas boosting in 8 pairs of middle containers 3 of supercharge pump to set pressure.After stable, slowly open inlet valve 11, gases at high pressure are slowly changed in the core holding unit, experimental system is carried out work pressure test, determine its sealing formedness;
3. utilize 10 pairs of model systems of vacuum pump to vacuumize, under the condition of low confined pressure, find time first, increase gradually the clamper confined pressure to requirement of experiment with manual pump 23 afterwards, the order of pressurization is second full-hole core clamper 19, first full-hole core clamper 16, flat plate model core holding unit 13, it is definite that evacuated time is looked the rock core size, closes the inlet valve 11 in the model system after exhausting;
4. the gas with He gas cylinder 5 is transferred in the intermediate receptacle 3, regulates the pressure of intermediate receptacle 3 with high-precision high voltage pump 1.Treat after a period of stabilisation, open first atmospheric valve 9, behind the air in the eliminating pipeline, close atmospheric valve 9, after stable, the initial volume value V of record high-precision high voltage pump
1, slowly open inlet valve 11, open simultaneously outlet valve 21, gases at high pressure are slowly changed in the core holding unit (13,16,19).Behind system stability, read the bulking value V of high-precision high voltage pump
2, the volume difference (V of front and back
1-V
2) be the volume of voids (dead volume that comprises system: the error volume of pipeline volume and instrument), can be used as the free gas volume of shale rock core system of the shale rock core system of bigness scale;
5. close outlet valve 21, find time according to step 3, simultaneously N
2Gas changes intermediate receptacle 34 in the gas cylinder 32, with the gas boosting in the containers 34 in the middle of 29 pairs of the supercharge pumps after set pressure, regulate the pressure of intermediate receptacle with high-precision high voltage pump 36, be pressurized to experimental pressure, after waiting to stablize, slowly open valve 28, allow gas slowly be full of cavity in the check valve 26, keep the pressure of check valve 26 constant;
6. with high-purity CH
4Gas changes intermediate receptacle 3 in the gas cylinder 1, utilize in the middle of 1 pair of the high-precision high voltage pump in the container 3 gas boosting to set pressure, regulate the pressure of intermediate receptacle 3 with high-precision high voltage pump 1, treat after a period of stabilisation, open first atmospheric valve 9, behind the air in the eliminating pipeline, close atmospheric valve 9, after stable, the initial volume value V of record high-precision high voltage pump
3The inlet valve 11 of model system is slowly opened, open simultaneously outlet valve 21, gas slowly is injected in the rock core system in the core holding unit (13,16,19), in order to allow gas be spread fully and to adsorb, the confined pressure value can be arranged relatively low, the time of continue injecting decides on the rock core size, generally needs 2-10 days time, until till the volume of high-precision high voltage pump 1 no longer changes.Then close inlet valve 11, allow gas in the rock core system, fully be spread, farthest be adsorbed, the diffusion duration is suitable with the injection duration, increase gradually confined pressure to requirement of experiment with manual pump 23 in the process, second full-hole core clamper 19 of order, first full-hole core clamper 16, the flat plate model core holding unit 13 of pressurization, open inlet valve 11, utilize high-precision high voltage pump 1 to regulate the pressure of whole model system, after whole system is stable, record high-precision high voltage pump volume value V
4, the volume difference (V of front and back
3-V
4) be the saturated tolerance of shale rock core system, can utilize the equation of gas state to calculate under the atmospheric pressure volume of injecting gas in the whole shale rock core system, comprise absorption tolerance and free tolerance;
7. close inlet valve 11, the force value of high-precision high voltage pump 36 is set, regulate the pressure of check valve 26, the pressure of check valve 26 is reduced gradually, keep check valve 26 that certain pressure drop rate is arranged, gas meter 38 is measured the gas flow behind the simulation mining, in the early stage per 30 minutes records of record data time and gas production, rear input and is kept in the storage module of computing machine 25 in the data processing module of computing machine 25.The pressure that the data acquisition module of computing machine 25 detects each pressure transducer (12,14,17,20) changes, and records the variation that pressure is put in time, and is kept in the storage module of computing machine 25.After the force value of check valve is reduced to experimental pressure point, keep high-precision high voltage pump 36 displacement pressure values constant, record gas production data point can change 12 hours into once, until endpiece does not have the gas output;
8. valve-off 28, open emptying valve 27, slowly lay down the pressure of check valve 26, the record gas production, and the record data point can be 12 hours once, until endpiece does not have the gas output;
9. utilize the data processing module in the computing machine 25 to carry out Treatment Analysis to the data of record, but whole dynamic recovery process and the withdrawal mechanism of analysis mode experiment, can obtain relation, the relation between pressure reduction-time, the relation between pressure-gas production, the relation between gas production-time between the pressure-time in the whole recovery process etc., estimate the volume of the residual adsorbed gas of shale rock core.
Experimental provision of the present invention is dynamically exploited the rule except being used for exploring shale gas reservoir, also can be used for exploring extraction rule and the percolation law of different mining phases, the seepage flow characteristics of the different full-hole cores combinations of research and probe and on the impact of recovery ratio, and to different mining types and improve the feasibility comprehensive evaluation of recovery efficiency technique exploitation shale gas reservoir.
Example 2
As shown in Figure 2, the present invention also provides a kind of shale gas to adsorb/resolve the experimental provision schematic diagram, comprises high-pressure air source system, injected system, model system, constant temperature oven system, back pressure system and data acquisition system (DAS).High-pressure air source system wherein, injected system, constant temperature oven system, back pressure system and data acquisition system (DAS) are identical with the shale gas reservoir exploitation simulated experiment apparatus part described in the example 1, no longer describe in detail.Inlet valve 11 in the model system connects flat plate model core holding unit 13, outlet valve 15 successively, pressure transducer 12 and pressure transducer 14 are connected respectively at the entrance and exit of flat plate model core holding unit 13, inlet valve 11 is connected with intermediate receptacle 3 in the injected system, it is that shale rock core in the model system is partly vacuumized that inlet valve 11 is connected with return pump 10, and outlet valve 15 is connected with check valve 26 entrances in the back pressure system; Comprise that also manual pump 23 connects six-way valve 22, core holding unit 13 successively, manual pump 23 is mainly flat plate model core holding unit 13 radially confined pressure (pressure transmitting medium is hydraulic oil) is provided, and the burden pressure in the simulation actual formation changes.The physical dimension (long * wide * thick) that wherein adopts dull and stereotyped rock core in the flat plate model core holding unit is the mm of 200mm * 200mm * (50-100), and dull and stereotyped rock core is artificial or the shale rock core of appearing, and dull and stereotyped rock core is contained in the rubber sleeve, and rubber sleeve is arranged in clamper.The crack that the dull and stereotyped rock core that adopts descend two sides employing measure to produce certain depth and width thereon, it is opening to a certain degree hanging down under confined pressure, be closure state to a certain degree under high confining pressure, and purpose is for the sufficient adsorbed gas of shale rock core.
The invention provides the method for adsorbing/resolving rule according to previous experiments device research large scale shale rock core, comprise following experimental procedure:
1. according to the Experimental equipment assembling experimental facilities of Fig. 2, constant temperature oven 39 is arranged experimental temperature;
2. close the outlet valve 15 in the model system, with high-purity CH
4The gas of gas cylinder 5 is transferred in the intermediate receptacle 3, utilizes high-precision high voltage pump 1 to regulate intermediate receptacle 3 pressure with gas boosting in 8 pairs of middle containers 3 of supercharge pump to set pressure.After stable, slowly open inlet valve 11, gases at high pressure are slowly changed in the core holding unit, experimental system is carried out work pressure test, determine its sealing formedness;
3. utilize 10 pairs of model systems of vacuum pump to vacuumize, find time under the condition of now low confined pressure, the rear confined pressure that increases gradually the flat plate model core holding unit with manual pump 23 is to requirement of experiment, and it is definite that evacuated time is looked the rock core size, closes the inlet valve 11 in the model system after exhausting;
4. the gas with He gas cylinder 5 is transferred in the intermediate receptacle 3, regulates the pressure of intermediate receptacle 3 with high-precision high voltage pump 1.Treat after a period of stabilisation, open first atmospheric valve 9, behind the air in the eliminating pipeline, close atmospheric valve 9, after stable, the initial volume value V ' of record high-precision high voltage pump
1Slowly open inlet valve 11, open simultaneously outlet valve 15, gases at high pressure are slowly changed in the flat plate model core holding unit 13, behind system stability, read the bulking value V ' of high-precision high voltage pump
2, the volume difference of front and back (V '
1-V '
2) be the volume of voids (dead volume that comprises system: the error volume of pipeline volume and instrument), can be used as the error volume of experimental apparatus of the shale rock core system of bigness scale;
5. close outlet valve 15, find time according to step 3, gas changes intermediate receptacle 34 in the N2 gas cylinder 32 simultaneously, after set pressure, regulate the pressure of intermediate receptacles with the gas boosting in 29 pairs of middle containers 34 of supercharge pump with high-precision high voltage pump 36, be pressurized to experimental pressure, after waiting to stablize, slowly open valve 28, allow gas slowly be full of cavity in the check valve 26, keep the pressure of check valve 26 constant;
6. change gas in high-purity CH4 gas cylinder 1 over to intermediate receptacle 3, utilize in the middle of 1 pair of the high-precision high voltage pump in the container 3 gas boosting to regulate the pressure of intermediate receptacle 3 with high-precision high voltage pump 1 to set pressure.Treat after a period of stabilisation, open first atmospheric valve 9, behind the air in the eliminating pipeline, close atmospheric valve 9, after stable, the initial volume value V ' of record high-precision high voltage pump
3The inlet valve 11 of model system is slowly opened, open simultaneously outlet valve 15, gas slowly is injected in the rock core system in the flat plate model core holding unit 13, in order to allow gas be spread fully and to adsorb, the confined pressure value can be arranged relatively low, the time of continue injecting decides on the rock core size, generally needs 2-10 days time, until till the volume of high-precision high voltage pump 1 no longer changes.Then close inlet valve 11, allow gas in the rock core system, fully be spread, farthest be adsorbed, the diffusion duration is suitable with the injection duration, the confined pressure that increases gradually flat plate model core holding unit 13 with manual pump 23 in the process is opened inlet valve 11 to requirement of experiment, utilizes high-precision high voltage pump 1 to regulate the pressure of whole model system, after whole system is stable, record high-precision high voltage pump volume value V '
4, the volume difference of front and back (V '
3-V '
4) be the saturated tolerance of shale rock core system, can utilize the equation of gas state to calculate under the atmospheric pressure volume of injecting gas in the whole shale rock core system, calculate the adsorbance of shale rock core under this pressure;
7. utilize high-precision high voltage pump 1 to continue middle container is pressurized to next experimental pressure, repeating step 6 is until the experiment top pressure;
8. close inlet valve 11, the force value of high-precision high voltage pump 36 is set, regulate the pressure of check valve 26, the pressure of check valve 26 is reduced gradually, keep check valve 26 that certain pressure drop rate is arranged, gas meter 38 is measured the gas flow behind the simulation mining, in the early stage per 30 minutes records of record data time and gas production, rear input and is kept in the storage module of computing machine 25 in the data processing module of computing machine 25.The pressure that the data acquisition module of computing machine 25 detects each pressure transducer (12,14) changes, and record pressure over time, and is kept in the storage module of computing machine 25.After the force value of check valve is reduced to experimental pressure point, keep high-precision high voltage pump 36 displacement pressure values constant, record gas production data point can change 12 hours into once, until endpiece does not have the gas output;
9. the pressure that continues to reduce check valve 26 is to next experimental pressure, and repeating step 8 is until minimum experimental pressure;
10. utilize the data processing module in the computing machine 25 to carry out Treatment Analysis to the data of record, can obtain the adsorbance of the large scale shale rock core under each experimental pressure point and parsing amount over time, and the adsorbance of large scale shale rock core and parsing amount be with the change procedure of pressure, i.e. adsorpting characteristic curve and resolve characteristic curve.
Experimental provision of the present invention is except being used for research large scale shale rock core CH
4Outside the absorption of gas/parsing rule, also can study the absorption of other gas in the large scale shale rock core/parsing rule, and the CH of research large scale shale rock core
4The resolution factor of gas, such as rate of temperature change to CH
4CO is annotated in the research of gas resolution factor
2To CH
4The research of gas resolution factor, dull and stereotyped shale rock core upper and lower surface different length, the degree of depth, width are to CH
4The impact of gas resolution factor etc.
Claims (4)
1. shale gas reservoir exploitation simulated experiment apparatus, it is characterized in that, comprise that high-pressure air source system, injected system, model system, constant temperature oven system, back pressure system and data acquisition system (DAS) form, the intermediate receptacle in the injected system and the core holding unit in the model system are positioned at constant temperature oven.
2. shale gas reservoir exploitation simulated experiment apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, model system comprises an entrance and exit, and entrance is connected with injected system, outlet is connected with back pressure system, and the pressure transducer in the model system is connected with data acquisition system (DAS).Model system comprises 3 core holding unit devices: flat plate model core holding unit, first full-hole core clamper, second full-hole core clamper, the physical dimension (long * wide * thick) that wherein adopts dull and stereotyped rock core in the flat plate model core holding unit is the mm of 200mm * 200mm * (50-100), and dull and stereotyped rock core is artificial or the shale rock core of appearing; It is the mm of φ (50-60) mm * (50-100) that the full-hole core clamper adopts the size (diameter * length) of full-hole core, full-hole core is natural or the shale rock core of appearing, dull and stereotyped rock core and full-hole core are contained in the rubber sleeve, and rubber sleeve is arranged in clamper.
3. shale gas reservoir exploitation simulated experiment apparatus according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, in the dull and stereotyped rock core that adopts in the flat plate model core holding unit mainly take the nanoscale hole as main, contain a small amount of microfissure and macropore, mainly be to be main for adsorbed gas, the simulation shale gas reservoir is resolved in simulated experiment, and source of the gas is provided, the migration characteristics of gas mainly is to resolve to the master, contains diffusion; First full-hole core clamper adopts full-hole core mainly to contain macropore or microfracture, mainly be to link up shale gas reservoir matrix part and man-made fracture formation passage, in simulated experiment, spread in the simulation shale gas reservoir, simultaneously under pressure gradient, there is Darcy Flow, the migration characteristics of gas mainly is to be diffused as the master, contains Darcy Flow; Second full-hole core clamper adopts full-hole core mainly to contain man-made fracture, the fracturing fracture that artificial fracturing forms in the main simulation shale gas reservoir, shale gas flowing in the crack in the simulation shale gas reservoir in simulated experiment, the migration characteristics of gas mainly is as main take Darcy Flow.
4. shale gas reservoir exploitation simulated experiment apparatus according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, core holding unit adopts the different shale rock cores that require in the model system, can simulate the migration characteristics of rock gas in the gas reservoir exploitation process in the shale gas reservoir, dynamic process in the exploitation of simulation shale gas reservoir, the withdrawal mechanism of research shale gas reservoir.
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Application publication date: 20130227 |