CN103245597B - Hypotonic rock transient state pneumatic pressure pulses permeability survey method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The present invention relates to hypotonic rock transient state pneumatic pressure pulses permeability measuring apparatus and measuring method, this device comprises confined pressure servo-drive system, pneumatic servo, data acquisition processing system; Wherein, confined pressure servo-drive system can apply 0 ~ 60MPa confined pressure in hypotonic rock sample side direction; Pneumatic servo is made up of gas injection system and gas osmosis system, and gas injection system can provide the high pure nitrogen of 0.1 ~ 10MPa, and gas osmosis system can carry out the gas permeability test of pipeline loop and steel cylinder loop two different ranges; The pressure of data acquisition system (DAS) energy Real-time Collection rock sample in import and export loop, draws the pressure-time curve in import and export loop and the permeability of automatic calculating rock sample simultaneously, carries out storing and showing.This measurement mechanism can complete the rock material particularly permeability testing experiment of hypotonic rock under different confined pressure, and process of the test is simple to operate, reliable results, and intuitively can show result.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Seepage of Rock Masses and seepage-pipe coupling model technical field, be particularly applicable to the hypotonic rock transient state pneumatic pressure pulses permeability measuring apparatus under different confined pressure condition and measuring method.
Background technology
The penetration study of hypotonic rock all has very important significance to fields such as low permeability oil and gas field exploitation, underground energy storage, greenhouse gases underground sequestration, gassy mine gas drainage, radioactive waste geological disposals.But because the permeability test time of hypotonic rock is long, sealing difficulty is large, accuracy requirement is high and the easy feature such as affected by environment, the domestic and international experimental study for tight rock at present also fails far away to meet engineering construction and safety assessment demand.The Experimental Method in Laboratory of rock permeability test can be divided into steady state flow method, transient pulse technique and pressure oscillation ripple method.Wherein, transient pulse technique is because its theory is ripe, measuring accuracy can reach 10
-22m
2and be widely adopted; Osmotic fluid can select water, gas (as nitrogen, helium) or kerosene, due to gas have glutinousness little, not easily with the feature such as rock sample generation physical-chemical reaction, therefore permeability of low-leakage stone test mainly with gas as osmotic fluid.But, the domestic transient pulse technique gas permeation device not yet possessing at present permeability of low-leakage stone under the different confined pressure condition of research and measure.
Summary of the invention
One is hypotonic rock transient state pneumatic pressure pulses permeability measuring apparatus and test method under being applicable to different confined pressure condition, and gives the test method of this device.
Apparatus of the present invention comprise confined pressure servo-drive system, pneumatic servo and data acquisition processing system.Wherein, confined pressure servo-drive system can apply 0 ~ 60MPa confined pressure in hypotonic rock sample side direction; Pneumatic servo is made up of gas injection system and gas osmosis system, and gas injection system can provide the high pure nitrogen of 0.1 ~ 10MPa, and gas osmosis system can carry out the gas permeability test of pipeline loop and steel cylinder loop two different ranges; The pressure of data acquisition system (DAS) energy Real-time Collection rock sample in import and export loop, draws the pressure-time curve in import and export loop and the permeability of automatic calculating rock sample simultaneously, carries out storing and showing.Each system is described in detail as follows:
1, confined pressure servo-drive system
Confined pressure servo-drive system adopts triaxial rheometer confined pressure servo-drive system.This system aims at rock and Concrete Material carries out mechanical property test and designs, and easy to operate, automaticity is high, and test is carried out completely under the control of the computer.Confined pressure servo-drive system can apply side direction 0 ~ 60MPa confined pressure, and control accuracy is 0.01MPa, and can keep stable in two months, error is no more than 1%.
Confined pressure servo-drive system comprises pressure-oil tank, the first hydraulic valve, the first high-precision hydraulic pump, the first safety disc, the second hydraulic valve and confined pressure sensor; Described first high-precision hydraulic pump, the first safety disc, the second hydraulic valve connect confined pressure sensor after connecting successively; First hydraulic valve one end is connected with pressure-oil tank, and the other end is respectively with the second hydraulic valve with connect confined pressure sensor and be connected; Described first high-precision hydraulic pump is also connected with gas injection system; Described confined pressure sensor is also connected with gas osmosis system.
2, pneumatic servo
Gas osmosis system is made up of gas injection system and gas osmosis system, and its key is the sealing of gas osmosis system.
(1) gas injection system comprises high pressure nitrogen, air valve, gas pressure reducer and connecting pipe.High pressure nitrogen full admission pressure is 20MPa, and gas pressure reducer can provide the outlet pressure of 0.1 ~ 10MPa.
The air valve that gas injection system comprises high pressure nitrogen and is attached thereto, described air valve also connects gas pressure reducer, the 3rd hydraulic valve successively; Connect respectively after described 3rd hydraulic valve connects an exhaust collector vessel and be connected with the second safety disc and the 4th hydraulic valve; Is connected with above-mentioned first high-precision hydraulic pump after being connected with the second high-precision hydraulic pump before described second safety disc, after be connected with the 4th hydraulic valve after be connected with gas osmosis system.
(2) gas osmosis system can carry out the gas permeability test of pipeline loop and steel cylinder loop two different ranges.Pipeline loop can carry out 10
-16~ 10
-22m
2the gas permeability test of range, be made up of inlet pipeline, sample, outlet conduit, inlet pipeline is connected by air valve with outlet conduit; Steel cylinder loop can carry out 10
-12~ 10
-18m
2the gas permeability test of range, is made up of inlet pipeline, import steel cylinder, sample, outlet steel cylinder, outlet conduit.There is the common factor of two magnitudes in two loops on range, can verify test findings.
Gas osmosis system comprises entrance point, sample and sample sealing system, pressure chamber and bracing or strutting arrangement and endpiece; Wherein entrance point comprises entrance point pressure transducer, the 5th hydraulic valve, the 3rd safety disc, entrance point steel cylinder, the 6th hydraulic valve; Is connected with the 5th hydraulic valve before described 3rd safety disc, after be connected according to this with entrance point steel cylinder, the 6th hydraulic valve; Sample and sample sealing system comprise sample, envelope gas hoop, rubber case, infiltration piston; Pressure chamber and bracing or strutting arrangement comprise pressure chamber, the support of fixation pressure room, the pillar be connected and fixed by fastening nut with support, the thermometer be connected with pressure chamber, be placed in lower-left, pressure chamber end be communicated with pressure-oil tank the 7th hydraulic valve, be placed in pressure chamber's upper right side and connect open to atmosphere 8th hydraulic valve and be communicated with the 9th hydraulic valve of pressure-oil tank; Endpiece comprises outlet pressures sensor, the tenth hydraulic valve be connected with outlet pressures sensor respectively and the 11 hydraulic valve, the 4th safety disc, endpiece steel cylinder, the 12 hydraulic valve; Is connected with the 11 hydraulic valve before 4th safety disc, after be connected according to this with endpiece steel cylinder, the 12 hydraulic valve; Entrance point is connected by the 13 hydraulic valve with endpiece; Second hydraulic valve of described confined pressure servo-drive system is connected with the pressure chamber of gas osmosis system; Second hydraulic valve of described confined pressure servo-drive system is connected with the pressure chamber of gas osmosis system; 4th hydraulic valve of gas injection system is connected with the entrance point pressure transducer of gas osmosis system; First high-precision hydraulic pump of confined pressure servo-drive system is connected by computing machine with collection, treating apparatus, and gas injection system second high-precision hydraulic pump is connected by computing machine with collection, treating apparatus.
(3) sealing of gas osmosis system forms primarily of the sealing of pipeline hydraulic valve and the sealing of sample.Hydraulic valve adopts hydraulic pressure screw-in cartridge valve, and this valve impermeability is very good; Sample to be placed in high-performance rubber case and to place metallic gasket in import and export section, in pad and the envelope gas hoop sealing of sample interface portion.
3, data acquisition processing system
(1) data acquisition processing system comprises import and export gas pressure data acquisition processing system, confined pressure data acquisition processing system, axial LVDT and the composition such as hoop strain meter, high-performance data collection plate.
(2) pressure of data acquisition control system energy Real-time Collection rock sample in import and export loop, draw the pressure-time curve in import and export loop simultaneously and calculate rock sample permeability, carry out storing and showing, automatically can control process of the test according to the result of Computer display.
Therefore, tool of the present invention has the following advantages: the present invention can complete the rock material particularly permeability testing experiment of hypotonic rock under different confined pressure, and measuring process is simple to operate, reliable results, and intuitively can show result.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 1 is hypotonic rock transient state pneumatic pressure pulses permeability measuring apparatus schematic diagram.
Accompanying drawing 2 is hypotonic rock sample dress sample and sealing schematic diagram.
Accompanying drawing 3 is gas permeation tube road circuit diagram.
Accompanying drawing 4 is gas infiltration steel cylinder circuit diagram.
Embodiment
In order to the explanation object of the present invention clearly understood, technical scheme and advantage, be further detailed the present invention below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, in figure: pressure-oil tank 1, first hydraulic valve 2, first high-precision hydraulic pump 3, first safety disc 4, second hydraulic valve 5, confined pressure sensor 6, high pressure nitrogen 7, air valve 8, gas pressure reducer 9, 3rd hydraulic valve 10, exhaust collector vessel 11, second high-precision hydraulic pump 12, second safety disc 13, 4th hydraulic valve 14, entrance point pressure transducer 15, envelope gas hoop 16, rubber case 17, sample 18, infiltration piston 19, pressure chamber 20, support 21, pillar 22, fastening nut 23, 7th hydraulic valve 24, thermometer 25, 8th hydraulic valve 26, 9th hydraulic valve 27, 13 hydraulic valve 28, 5th hydraulic valve 29, tenth hydraulic valve 30, outlet pressures sensor 31, 3rd safety disc 32, 4th safety disc 33, entrance point steel cylinder 34, endpiece steel cylinder 35, 11 hydraulic valve 36, 12 hydraulic valve 37, 6th hydraulic valve 38, computing machine 39.
The specific embodiment of the present invention is as follows:
Step 1, sampling dress sample.Drill through 50mm × 100mm key rock sample, continuously baking 24 hours in 105 DEG C of baking ovens, then coldly in vacuum cooled tower put 24 hours.Can put into rubber case 17 afterwards and fill sample, in order to ensure the sealing filling sample, dress sample is concrete as shown in Figure 2.
Step 2, applies confined pressure.After dress sample completes, close the second hydraulic valve 5, the 7th hydraulic valve 24, the 8th hydraulic valve 26 successively, then open the first hydraulic valve 2, the 9th hydraulic valve 27 successively, to pressure chamber 20 topping up force feed, to drive the air inside pressure chamber 20.Hydraulic oil gets back to pressure-oil tank 1 by pipeline loop, illustrates that pressure chamber 20 is full of, and now closes the 9th hydraulic valve 27, first hydraulic valve 2 according to this.Open the first high-precision hydraulic pump 3, open the second hydraulic valve 5, apply confined pressure to predetermined value, confined pressure value is by confined pressure sensor 6 Real-time Collection.
Step 3, sample is saturated.Close the 4th hydraulic valve the 14, the 13 hydraulic valve 28, the 5th hydraulic valve 29, the tenth hydraulic valve 30 successively, then the air valve 8 of high pressure nitrogen 7 is opened, gas pressure reducer 9 outlet pressure is made to reach setting value, open the 4th hydraulic valve 14, open the second high-precision hydraulic pump 3, to inlet pipeline inflation until pressure reaches setting value.Close the 4th hydraulic valve 14, saturated to sample inflation by loop shown in accompanying drawing 3, in saturation history, the force value of entrance end is by entrance end pressure transducer 15,31 Real-time Collection.Until import and export section force value equal and keep constant after, open the 13 hydraulic valve 28.
Step 4, pipeline loop gas permeates.Pipeline loop gas infiltration schematic diagram as shown in Figure 3, close the 13 hydraulic valve 28, open the 4th hydraulic valve 14, open the second high-precision hydraulic pump 12, improve inducer force value instantaneously to predetermined value, pressure increment does not exceed 10% of base pressure force value, then closes and opens the first high-precision hydraulic pump 3, carry out pipeline loop gas permeability test.The force value of entrance end is by entrance end pressure transducer 15,31 Real-time Collection, and computing machine stores data in real time and shows, and calculates the permeability of rock sample.Until import and export section force value equal and keep constant after, open the 13 hydraulic valve 28.
Step 5, steel cylinder loop gas is permeated.Pipeline loop gas infiltration schematic diagram as shown in Figure 4, close hydraulic valve the 13 hydraulic valve the 28, the 11 hydraulic valve the 36, the 12 hydraulic valve 37, the 6th hydraulic valve 38 successively, open the 5th hydraulic valve 29, the tenth hydraulic valve 30, the 4th hydraulic valve 14 successively, improve inducer force value instantaneously to predetermined value, then close the 4th hydraulic valve 14, carry out steel cylinder loop gas permeability test.Import and export steel cylinder circuit pressure changing course curve by entrance end pressure transducer 15,31 Real-time Collection, computing machine stores data in real time and shows, and calculates the permeability of rock sample.Until import and export section force value equal and keep constant after, open the 13 hydraulic valve 28.
Step 6, sample is torn in release open.Close gas check valve the 8, the 13 hydraulic valve the 28, the 11 hydraulic valve the 36, the 12 hydraulic valve 37, the 6th hydraulic valve 38, gas is discharged until pressure is shown as pipeline residual value; By closing the first hydraulic valve 2 after control software design removal confined pressure to pipeline residual value, open the 7th hydraulic valve 24, the 9th hydraulic valve 27, the hydraulic oil of discharge pressure room 20, hydraulic valve the 7th hydraulic valve 24, the 9th hydraulic valve 27 is closed after oil emptying, open sample to remove, test complete.
Specific embodiment described herein is only to the explanation for example of the present invention's spirit.Those skilled in the art can make various amendment or supplement or adopt similar mode to substitute to described specific embodiment, but can't depart from spirit of the present invention or surmount the scope that appended claims defines.
Claims (1)
1. a test method for hypotonic rock transient state pneumatic pressure pulses permeability measuring apparatus, is characterized in that, based on one hypotonic rock transient state pneumatic pressure pulses permeability measuring apparatus, comprises confined pressure servo-drive system, gas injection system, gas osmosis system; And data sampling and processing device; Described gas osmosis system is connected with confined pressure servo-drive system, gas injection system respectively; Described data sampling and processing device is connected with confined pressure servo-drive system, gas injection system, gas osmosis system respectively;
Described confined pressure servo-drive system comprises pressure-oil tank (1), the first hydraulic valve (2), the first high-precision hydraulic pump (3), the first safety disc (4), the second hydraulic valve (5) and confined pressure sensor (6); Described first high-precision hydraulic pump (3), the first safety disc (4), the second hydraulic valve (5) connect confined pressure sensor (6) after connecting successively; First hydraulic valve (2) one end is connected with pressure-oil tank (1), and the other end is respectively with the second hydraulic valve (5) with connect confined pressure sensor (6) and be connected; Described first high-precision hydraulic pump (3) is also connected with gas injection system; Described confined pressure sensor (6) is also connected with gas osmosis system;
The air valve (8) that described gas injection system comprises high pressure nitrogen (7) and is attached thereto, described air valve (8) also connects gas pressure reducer (9), the 3rd hydraulic valve (10) successively; Connect respectively after described 3rd hydraulic valve (10) connects an exhaust collector vessel (11) and be connected with the second safety disc (13) and the 4th hydraulic valve (14); Described second safety disc (13) front being connected with the second high-precision hydraulic pump (12) is connected with above-mentioned first high-precision hydraulic pump (3) afterwards, with gas osmosis system is connected after being connected afterwards with the 4th hydraulic valve (14);
Described gas osmosis system comprises entrance point, sample and sample sealing system, pressure chamber and bracing or strutting arrangement and endpiece, wherein entrance point comprises entrance point pressure transducer (15), the 5th hydraulic valve (29), the 3rd safety disc (32), entrance point steel cylinder (34), the 6th hydraulic valve (38), described 3rd safety disc (32) is front to be connected with the 5th hydraulic valve (29), is connected according to this afterwards with entrance point steel cylinder (34), the 6th hydraulic valve (38), sample and sample sealing system comprise sample (18), envelope gas hoop (16), rubber case (17), infiltration piston (19), pressure chamber and bracing or strutting arrangement comprise pressure chamber (20), the support (21) of fixation pressure room (20), the pillar (22) be connected and fixed by fastening nut (23) with support (21), the thermometer (25) be connected with pressure chamber, be placed in the 7th hydraulic valve (24) that pressure chamber (20) lower-left end is communicated with pressure-oil tank (1), be placed in pressure chamber (20) upper right side to connect open to atmosphere 8th hydraulic valve (26) and be communicated with the 9th hydraulic valve (27) of pressure-oil tank (1), endpiece comprises outlet pressures sensor (31), the tenth hydraulic valve (30) be connected with outlet pressures sensor (31) respectively and the 11 hydraulic valve (36), the 4th safety disc (33), endpiece steel cylinder (35), the 12 hydraulic valve (37), 4th safety disc (33) is front to be connected with the 11 hydraulic valve (36), is connected according to this afterwards with endpiece steel cylinder (35), the 12 hydraulic valve (37), entrance point is connected by the 13 hydraulic valve (28) with endpiece, second hydraulic valve (5) of described confined pressure servo-drive system is connected with the pressure chamber (20) of gas osmosis system, second hydraulic valve (5) of described confined pressure servo-drive system is connected with the pressure chamber (20) of gas osmosis system, 4th hydraulic valve (14) of gas injection system is connected with the entrance point pressure transducer (15) of gas osmosis system, first high-precision hydraulic pump (3) of confined pressure servo-drive system is connected by computing machine (39) with collection, treating apparatus, and gas injection system second high-precision hydraulic pump (12) is connected by computing machine (39) with collection, treating apparatus,
Described data sampling and processing device comprises a computing machine (39);
This test method comprises the following steps:
Step 1, sampling dress sample: drill through 50mm × 100mm key rock sample, continuously baking 24 hours in 105 DEG C of baking ovens, then coldly in vacuum cooled tower puts 24 hours, can put into rubber case (17) dress sample afterwards, in order to ensure the sealing filling sample;
Step 2, apply confined pressure: after dress sample completes, close the second hydraulic valve (5), the 7th hydraulic valve (24), the 8th hydraulic valve (26) successively, then the first hydraulic valve (2), the 9th hydraulic valve (27) is opened successively, to pressure chamber (20) topping up force feed, to drive the air of the inside, pressure chamber (20); Hydraulic oil gets back to pressure-oil tank (1) by pipeline loop, illustrate that pressure chamber (20) is full of, now close the 9th hydraulic valve (27), the first hydraulic valve (2) according to this, open the first high-precision hydraulic pump (3), open the second hydraulic valve (5), apply confined pressure to predetermined value, confined pressure value is by confined pressure sensor (6) Real-time Collection;
Step 3, sample is saturated: close the 4th hydraulic valve (14) successively, 13 hydraulic valve (28), 5th hydraulic valve (29), tenth hydraulic valve (30), then the air valve (8) of high pressure nitrogen (7) is opened, gas pressure reducer (9) outlet pressure is made to reach setting value, open the 4th hydraulic valve (14), open the second high-precision hydraulic pump (12), to inlet pipeline inflation until pressure reaches setting value, close the 4th hydraulic valve (14), saturated to sample inflation, in saturation history, the force value of entrance end is by entrance end pressure transducer (15), (31) Real-time Collection, until entrance end force value equal and keep constant after, open the 13 hydraulic valve (28),
Step 4, pipeline loop gas permeates: close the 13 hydraulic valve (28), open the 4th hydraulic valve (14), open the second high-precision hydraulic pump (12), improve entrance point force value instantaneously to predetermined value, pressure increment does not exceed 10% of base pressure force value, then close and open the first high-precision hydraulic pump (3), carry out pipeline loop gas permeability test, the force value of entrance end is by entrance end pressure transducer (15), (31) Real-time Collection, computing machine stores data in real time and shows, and calculate the permeability of rock sample, until entrance end force value equal and keep constant after, open the 13 hydraulic valve (28),
Step 5, steel cylinder loop gas is permeated: close hydraulic valve the 13 hydraulic valve (28) successively, 11 hydraulic valve (36), 12 hydraulic valve (37), 6th hydraulic valve (38), open the 5th hydraulic valve (29) successively, tenth hydraulic valve (30), 4th hydraulic valve (14), improve entrance point force value instantaneously to predetermined value, then the 4th hydraulic valve (14) is closed, carry out steel cylinder loop gas permeability test, import and export steel cylinder circuit pressure changing course curve by entrance end pressure transducer (15), (31) Real-time Collection, computing machine stores data in real time and shows, and calculate the permeability of rock sample, until entrance end force value equal and keep constant after, open the 13 hydraulic valve (28),
Step 6, sample is torn in release open: close gas check valve (8), 13 hydraulic valve (28), the 11 hydraulic valve (36), the 12 hydraulic valve (37), the 6th hydraulic valve (38), discharge gas until pressure is shown as pipeline residual value; The first hydraulic valve (2) is closed after removal confined pressure to pipeline residual value, open the 7th hydraulic valve (24), the 9th hydraulic valve (27), the hydraulic oil of discharge pressure room (20), hydraulic valve the 7th hydraulic valve (24), the 9th hydraulic valve (27) is closed after oil emptying, open sample to remove, test complete.
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