CN202451142U - Subsurface environment simulator - Google Patents
Subsurface environment simulator Download PDFInfo
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- CN202451142U CN202451142U CN2011204123182U CN201120412318U CN202451142U CN 202451142 U CN202451142 U CN 202451142U CN 2011204123182 U CN2011204123182 U CN 2011204123182U CN 201120412318 U CN201120412318 U CN 201120412318U CN 202451142 U CN202451142 U CN 202451142U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a subsurface environment simulator, belonging to the field of testers in industries of oil field, mine and the like. The subsurface environment simulator comprises a simulative shaft, a stratum rock core simulation module, a stratum fluid simulation module, a stratum pressure simulation module, an annulus pressure simulation module and a bottom hole temperature simulation module. By utilizing the utility model, the subsurface environment can be simulated in a room and comprises stratums with different lithologic characters and different physical properties (such as permeability and the like), a stratum fluid, a stratum pressure, an annulus pressure and a bottom hole temperature. The subsurface environment simulator, provided by the utility model, can be taken as a ground experiment testing platform for a stratum pressure gauging nipple and other subsurface tools and instruments, and is used for research of a stratum pressure measuring algorithm. The utility model solves the problems of long field test working period, high cost, deficiencies of a detection manner and the like, the testing difficulty is reduced, the economic benefit is improved, and the subsurface environment simulator has better application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to the experimental rig field of industries such as oil field, mine, is specifically related to a kind of subsurface environment analogue means.
Background technology
At present, the technology of relevant subsurface environment simulation comprises following several kinds:
Southwest Petrol University has designed the HTHP simulation wellbore hole of simulation 3000m underground working, is the test platform of a kind of downhole tool and instrument and meter research and development.This device makes it reach desired temperature basically through the hydraulic oil in pump and the electric heater circulation heating pit shaft.Be forced into setting pressure with the force (forcing) pump circulation, keep design temperature by circulation pump and coil pipe again, realize downhole temperature and pressure environment.This device is made up of heating system and compression system two parts, comprises circulation pump, electric heater, solenoid operated directional valve, pit shaft, pressure plunger pump, pressurizing valve etc.The pit shaft internal diameter of this device is φ 177.8mm, 120 ℃ of simulation well temperatures, bottom pressure 40MPa.This device does not have formation core module and formation fluid analog module.In addition, it is less to put into the inner instrument external diameter scope of simulation wellbore hole during test, and the bottom pressure of simulation is less, so its range of application is restricted.
Former Ministry of Geology and Mineral Resources mine locating technical study has been developed the M150 simulation wellbore hole, is used for situation and downhole parameters at the bottom of the simulation well, and it is long to solve the field test development work cycle, expense height, problems such as detection means shortcoming.This device is made up of base, cylindrical shell, inspection section, delivery port assembly, hermetic unit.Maximum analog bottom pressure 2.45MPa, analog temperature is the highest 150 ℃.
Drilling Tech. Inst., Shengli Petroleum Administration has proposed development and has simulated the scheme that the 6000m deep-well creeps into the mechanism of simulation wellbore hole.This device mainly partly is made up of last locking cap, bearing, mud outlet, last sealing-plug, last steel end cap, high pressure capsule, zone of heating etc.Utilize this device can carry out the down-hole equipment Study on Process, the work such as test that adapt of Drilling Fluid Technique for Deep characteristic and formation drilling.Simulation overburden pressure 150MPa, confined pressure 70MPa, bottom pressure 82.5MPa, 220 ℃ of rock sample temperature.Bottom hole temperature (BHT) is by the simulation of the heating jacket around the rock sample, and bottom pressure is controlled by the drilling fluid closed loop.
Daqing Petroleum Administration has developed the full-scale comprehensive simulation test device of the drilling well that can simulate the 6000m subsurface environment.Wherein the HTHP simulation wellbore hole is made up of oil pressure pump assembly, axial compression pump, pressure regulating pump, sealing load pump, rock sample etc.Can simulate 210 ℃ of bottom rock temperature, pore pressure 64.2MPa.Bottom hole temperature (BHT) is kept by the heating jacket that is installed in the pit shaft outer wall and from the high-temperature drilling liquid of drill bit ejection.Bottom pressure adopts the drilling fluid closed loop to control.This device is the drilling simulation stand, rock core simulation vertical direction stratum in the dynamic analog drilling process, pit shaft.
The M150 simulation wellbore hole that above-mentioned former Ministry of Geology and Mineral Resources mine locating technical study is developed, the simulation 6000m deep drilling simulation wellbore hole of Drilling Tech. Inst., Shengli Petroleum Administration's development and the full-scale comprehensive simulation test device of simulation 6000m subsurface environment drilling well of Daqing Petroleum Administration's development; It all is dynamic analog down-hole equipment operating mode; Carry out drilling fluid, rock sample, performance test research, also can carry out subject studies such as formation rock characteristic, Cracking Mechanism, rock crushing tool.But rock core is installed in the pit shaft middle part of device in these three kinds of devices, simulation be the vertical direction stratum, can not dummy level direction stratum.
The utility model content
The purpose of the utility model is to solve a difficult problem that exists in the above-mentioned prior art; A kind of subsurface environment analogue means is provided; Can be in the ground simulation down-hole true environment, can be used as with boring strata pressure and measure pipe nipple and other downhole tool, the ground experiment of instrument, test platform.
The utility model is realized through following technical scheme:
A kind of subsurface environment analogue means, this device comprise simulation wellbore hole 1, formation core analog module 2, formation fluid analog module 3, strata pressure analog module 4, annular pressure analog module 5 and data acquisition and control module 7;
Said simulation wellbore hole 1 is used to simulate well, and downhole tool to be measured or instrument are placed in the said simulation wellbore hole 1;
Said formation core analog module 2 is used for dummy level direction stratum, and it is installed on the barrel of said simulation wellbore hole 1, the intracavity inter-connection of one of which end and simulation wellbore hole 1, and the other end is connected with an end of formation fluid analog module 3;
Said formation fluid analog module 3 is used for simulates real layer fluid on the spot, and the one of which end is connected with formation core analog module 2, and the other end is connected with strata pressure analog module 4;
Said strata pressure analog module 4 is used for simulated formation pressure, and the pressure of its output acts on the formation core analog module 2 through the transmission of formation fluid analog module 3;
Said annular pressure analog module 5 is used for simulation well base ring pneumatics power, and its inner chamber with simulation wellbore hole 1 is communicated with, and applies high pressure to simulation wellbore hole 1 inside;
It is that the output valve of strata pressure, annular pressure analog module 5 is that annular pressure is done close-loop feedback control that said data acquisition and control module 7 are used for output valve to strata pressure analog module 4; Make the output valve of strata pressure, annular pressure close, strata pressure and annular pressure are accurately controlled with preset value separately.
Said simulation wellbore hole 1 comprises upper end cover, the borehole wall and bottom end cover, and the said borehole wall is a tube-in-tube structure, and two ends have flanging, and upper end cover is connected through bolt with the flanging of borehole wall upper end, and bottom end cover is connected through bolt with the flanging of borehole wall lower end; The inner chamber of pit shaft has formed the space of test downhole tool and instrument; On the barrel of said simulation wellbore hole 1, have inlet, on upper end cover, have outlet.
Said subsurface environment analogue means further comprises bottom hole temperature (BHT) analog module 6, and it provides high temperature fluid in simulation wellbore hole 1, is used to simulate bottom hole temperature (BHT).
Said subsurface environment analogue means further comprises heat interchanger 8, and said heat interchanger 8 is spirally wound on the outer wall of said simulation wellbore hole 1;
Said bottom hole temperature (BHT) analog module 6 comprises motor, high temperature hydraulic pump, electric heater, bidirectional hydraulic lock, solenoid operated directional valve, electromagnetic valve and temperature pick up; Said motor links to each other with the high temperature hydraulic pump, drives the revolution of high temperature hydraulic pump; The high temperature hydraulic pump has 2 interfaces, and first interface links to each other with solenoid operated directional valve, and second interface links to each other with electromagnetic valve; Solenoid operated directional valve has 3 interfaces, and first interface is connected with hydraulic pump, and second interface links to each other with fuel tank, and the 3rd interface is connected with bidirectional hydraulic lock; 4 interfaces of bidirectional hydraulic lock connect outlet, solenoid operated directional valve and fuel tank on the upper end cover of inlet on simulation wellbore hole 1 barrel, simulation wellbore hole 1 respectively; Electromagnetic valve has 2 interfaces, and first interface is connected with hydraulic pump, and second interface is connected with the upper end of heat interchanger 8, and fuel tank is inserted in the lower end of heat interchanger 8; On the pipeline between the outlet on the upper end cover of bidirectional hydraulic lock and simulation wellbore hole 1, temperature pick up is housed; On the pipeline between the outlet on said bidirectional hydraulic lock and simulation wellbore hole 1 upper end cover, stop valve is installed; Data acquisition is connected electric heater and temperature pick up respectively with control module 7;
The output valve that said data acquisition and control module 7 are further used for bottom hole temperature (BHT) analog module 6 is that bottom hole temperature (BHT) is done close-loop feedback control, makes the output valve of bottom hole temperature (BHT) and preset value close, and bottom hole temperature (BHT) is accurately controlled.
Said annular pressure analog module 5 comprises motor, hydraulic pump, electromagnetic valve, flow speed control valve, pressurized cylinder, solenoid operated directional valve and pressure sensor;
Said motor links to each other with hydraulic pump, and first interface of solenoid operated directional valve is connected with hydraulic pump, and second interface is connected with cooler; Cooler is connected with strainer again; The 3rd interface is connected with an end of flow speed control valve, and the other end of flow speed control valve is connected with the cavity of resorption of pressurized cylinder, and the 4th interface is communicated with the epicoele of pressurized cylinder; The epicoele of pressurized cylinder is connected with an interface of electromagnetic valve, and another interface of electromagnetic valve is connected with inlet on the barrel of simulation wellbore hole 1; Said pressure sensor is installed on said annular pressure analog module 5 and the pipeline that simulation wellbore hole 1 is connected; Said data acquisition is connected with pressure sensor with hydraulic pump respectively with control module 7.
In said formation core analog module 2 inside rock core is housed;
According to test requirements document, the rock core of replaceable different physical properties, dummy level direction stratum;
According to test requirements document, replaceable fluid simulation of different nature layer fluid truly in said formation fluid analog module 3.
Said strata pressure analog module 4 adopts hydraulic system, and the high-voltage oil liquid of its output is introduced into formation fluid analog module 3, gets into formation core analog module 2 through formation fluid analog module 3 again;
Said formation core analog module 2 comprises outer mount pad, flange, high pressure hydraulic fluid port, simulation rock core mount pad, rock core and seal; Said simulation rock core mount pad is the flanged (FLGD) sleeve-like configuration of an end with outer mount pad; Rock core is wrapped with seal; Rock core and seal are installed in the said simulation rock core mount pad together; Simulation rock core mount pad is installed in the outer mount pad again; The inner face of the flange of simulation rock core mount pad contacts with the outer face of the flange of outer mount pad, and the outer face of the flange of simulation rock core mount pad contacts with flange, through bolt flange, simulation rock core mount pad and outer mount pad is fixed together; Said outer mount pad is fixed on the borehole wall of simulation wellbore hole 1; Simulation rock core mount pad one end inserts in the formation core analog module installing hole; At the center of flange the high pressure hydraulic fluid port is installed, the simulated formation fluid gets into rock core through the high pressure hydraulic fluid port, penetrates in the simulation wellbore hole 1 through rock core again;
Said formation fluid analog module 3 is a hydraulic cylinder structure, and piston is housed in the cylinder body, and piston is divided into two chambeies with cylinder body, and a side of piston is the high-pressure and hydraulic oil pocket, and opposite side is the simulated formation fluid cavity; Have the hydraulic oil inlet in said high-pressure and hydraulic oil pocket one side, have exhaust opening in high-pressure and hydraulic oil pocket upper end; Side at said simulated formation fluid cavity has the simulated formation fluid issuing, has simulated formation fluid inlet in the upper end of simulated formation fluid cavity; Said hydraulic oil inlet is connected with strata pressure analog module 4, and said simulated formation fluid issuing is connected with high pressure hydraulic fluid port on the formation core analog module 2; Motor links to each other with hydraulic pump; First interface of solenoid operated directional valve is connected with hydraulic pump; Second interface is connected with cooler, and cooler is connected with strainer, and the 3rd interface communicates with the interface of flow speed control valve through bidirectional hydraulic lock; Flow speed control valve is connected with the cavity of resorption of pressurized cylinder, and the 4th interface is communicated with the epicoele of pressurized cylinder through bidirectional hydraulic lock; The epicoele of pressurized cylinder also is communicated with electromagnetic valve; The oil-out of hydraulic pump also is connected to overflow valve;
Said strata pressure analog module 4 comprises electromagnetic valve, pressurized cylinder, flow speed control valve, solenoid operated directional valve, hydraulic pump and motor; Motor links to each other with hydraulic pump; First interface of solenoid operated directional valve is connected with hydraulic pump; Second interface is connected with cooler, and cooler is connected with strainer, and the 3rd interface communicates with the interface of flow speed control valve through bidirectional hydraulic lock; Flow speed control valve is connected with the cavity of resorption of pressurized cylinder, and the 4th interface is communicated with the epicoele of pressurized cylinder through bidirectional hydraulic lock.The epicoele of pressurized cylinder also is communicated with electromagnetic valve.The oil-out of hydraulic pump also is connected to overflow valve.
Said data acquisition and control module 7 are gathered the strata pressure and the annular pressure signal of strata pressure analog module 4 and 5 outputs of annular pressure analog module through pressure sensor; Transform with modulation treatment through A/D then and send into Industrial Personal Computer (IPC); Do comparison with preset strata pressure and annular pressure numerical value respectively; Both differences are as control signal; Control the output pressure of strata pressure analog module 4 and annular pressure analog module 5, make strata pressure, the annular pressure and predefined strata pressure numerical value, annular pressure close in value or similar of output, reach the purpose of accurate close-loop feedback control strata pressure, annular pressure.
Said data acquisition and control module 7 are through the temperature signal of 6 outputs of temperature simulation module at the bottom of the temperature pick up production wells; Transform with modulation treatment through A/D then and send into Industrial Personal Computer (IPC); Do comparison with preset bottom hole temperature (BHT), both differences are as control signal, the output valve of temperature simulation module 6 at the bottom of the control well; Make the output temperature and predefined bottom hole temperature (BHT) close in value or similar of bottom hole temperature (BHT) analog module 6, reach the purpose of accurate close-loop feedback control bottom hole temperature (BHT).
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the utility model is:
(1) utilize the utility model to comprise stratum, formation fluid, strata pressure, annular pressure, the bottom hole temperature (BHT) of different lithology, different physical properties (like permeability etc.) at the lab simulation subsurface environment;
(2) utilize this device, can carry out the ground test of the working life of downhole tool, instrument high temperature resistance, anti-high pressure;
(3) utilize this device can carry out measuring pipe nipple reliable operation property testing with boring strata pressure;
(4) utilize this device, avoided relocation equipment, the Operation and Maintenance inconvenience when situ of drilling well carries out downhole tool, instrument test, the problem that influence drilling efficiency and increase drilling cost, the while has also been reduced the test difficulty, has improved economic benefit.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model subsurface environment analogue means.
Among the figure, 1 is simulation wellbore hole, and 2 is the formation core analog module, and 3 is the formation fluid analog module, and 4 is the strata pressure analog module, and 5 is the annular pressure analog module, and 6 is the bottom hole temperature (BHT) analog module, and 7 are data acquisition and control module, and 8 is heat interchanger.
Fig. 2 is the composition diagram of the annular pressure analog module 5 in the utility model subsurface environment analogue means.
Among the figure, 9 is hydraulic pump, and 10 is electromagnetic valve, and 11 is flow speed control valve, and 12 is pressurized cylinder, and 13 is solenoid operated directional valve, and 14 is pressure sensor.
Fig. 3 is the composition diagram of the bottom hole temperature (BHT) analog module 6 in the utility model subsurface environment analogue means.
Among the figure, 15 is the high temperature hydraulic pump, and 16 is electric heater, and 17 is solenoid operated directional valve, and 18 is electromagnetic valve, and 19a and 19b are temperature pick up.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the utility model is described in further detail:
The structure of the utility model subsurface environment analogue means is as shown in Figure 1, comprises with the lower part:
(1) simulation wellbore hole 1
(2) the formation core analog module 2
Formation core analog module 2 is installed on the barrel of simulation wellbore hole 1, is used for dummy level direction stratum.Formation core analog module 2 one ends communicate with formation fluid analog module 3, and the other end communicates with the inner chamber of simulation wellbore hole 1.Rock core is equipped with in formation core analog module 2 inside, according to the test demand, and the rock core of replaceable different physical properties, dummy level direction stratum.
Specifically, said formation core analog module 2 comprises outer mount pad, flange, high pressure hydraulic fluid port, simulation rock core mount pad, rock core and seal;
Said simulation rock core mount pad is the flanged (FLGD) sleeve-like configuration of an end with outer mount pad; Rock core is wrapped with seal; Rock core and seal are installed in the said simulation rock core mount pad together; Simulation rock core mount pad is installed in the outer mount pad again; The inner face of the flange of simulation rock core mount pad contacts with the outer face of the flange of outer mount pad, and the outer face of the flange of simulation rock core mount pad contacts with flange, through bolt flange, simulation rock core mount pad and outer mount pad is fixed together;
Said outer mount pad is fixed on the borehole wall of simulation wellbore hole 1; Simulation rock core mount pad one end inserts in the formation core analog module installing hole; At the center of flange the high pressure hydraulic fluid port is installed, the simulated formation fluid gets into rock core through the high pressure hydraulic fluid port, penetrates in the simulation wellbore hole 1 through rock core again.
(3) the formation fluid analog module 3
Formation fluid analog module 3 one ends are communicated with strata pressure analog module 4, and the other end links to each other with formation core analog module 2.According to test requirements document, replaceable fluid simulation of different nature is layer fluid truly.
Specifically, said formation fluid analog module 3 is a hydraulic cylinder structure, and piston is housed in the cylinder body, and piston is divided into two chambeies with cylinder body, and a side of piston is the high-pressure and hydraulic oil pocket, and opposite side is the simulated formation fluid cavity;
Have the hydraulic oil inlet in said high-pressure and hydraulic oil pocket one side, have exhaust opening in high-pressure and hydraulic oil pocket upper end;
Side at said simulated formation fluid cavity has the simulated formation fluid issuing, has simulated formation fluid inlet in the upper end of simulated formation fluid cavity;
Said hydraulic oil inlet is connected with strata pressure analog module 4, and said simulated formation fluid issuing is connected with high pressure hydraulic fluid port on the formation core analog module 2;
Motor links to each other with hydraulic pump; First interface of solenoid operated directional valve is connected with hydraulic pump; Second interface is connected with cooler, and cooler is connected with strainer, and the 3rd interface communicates with the interface of flow speed control valve through bidirectional hydraulic lock; Flow speed control valve is connected with the cavity of resorption of pressurized cylinder, and the 4th interface is communicated with the epicoele of pressurized cylinder through bidirectional hydraulic lock; The epicoele of pressurized cylinder also is communicated with electromagnetic valve; The oil-out of hydraulic pump also is connected to overflow valve.
(4) the strata pressure analog module 4
Strata pressure analog module 4 provides the hydraulic oil of different pressures, simulated formation pressure through formation fluid analog module 3 to formation core analog module 2.Strata pressure analog module 4 is made up of Hydraulic Elements etc.The pressure of high-voltage oil liquid acts on the rock core end face of formation core analog module 2 through the transmission of formation fluid analog module 3, and simulates real is stressor layer on the spot.The simulated formation force value reaches as high as 70MPa, and (scope is 0.1-70MPa.), but be not limited to these numerical value.
Specifically, this module comprises electromagnetic valve, pressurized cylinder, flow speed control valve, solenoid operated directional valve, hydraulic pump and motor.The pressure of hydraulic oil acts on the rock core in the formation core analog module through the formation fluid analog module, comes strata pressure that is virtually reality like reality.The output pressure of hydraulic pump is limited, is the strata pressure of the bigger pressure limit of simulation, adopts pressurized cylinder to amplify the method simulated formation pressure of hydraulic pump output pressure.
Motor links to each other with hydraulic pump; First interface of solenoid operated directional valve is connected with hydraulic pump; Second interface is connected with cooler, and cooler is connected with strainer, and the 3rd interface communicates with the interface of flow speed control valve through bidirectional hydraulic lock; Flow speed control valve is connected with the cavity of resorption of pressurized cylinder, and the 4th interface is communicated with the epicoele of pressurized cylinder through bidirectional hydraulic lock.The epicoele of pressurized cylinder also is communicated with electromagnetic valve.The oil-out of hydraulic pump also is connected to overflow valve.
During use,, drive the hydraulic pump revolution to the motor power supply; High-pressure and hydraulic oil gets into the cavity of resorption of pressurized cylinder, through the pressurization of pressurized cylinder again through reversal valve through bidirectional hydraulic lock and flow speed control valve; The pressure value of hydraulic oil is exaggerated at the epicoele of pressurized cylinder; Through getting into formation fluid analog module 3 behind the electromagnetic valve, act on the rock core in the formation core analog module 2 simulated formation pressure then.The direction of motion of reversal valve control pressurized cylinder inner carrier, hydraulic oil gets into the cavity of resorption of pressurized cylinder, after piston moves upward to the epicoele top of pressurized cylinder; The control reversal valve; Close electromagnetic valve, hydraulic oil acts on the epicoele top of pressurized cylinder, and piston moves downward; Get back to the cavity of resorption low side of pressurized cylinder, restPose.When needing supercharging once more, the control reversal valve makes hydraulic oil get into the cavity of resorption of hydraulic cylinder, and piston moves upward once more, amplifies the output pressure of hydraulic pump, simulated formation pressure.Piston movement speed in the flow speed control valve control hydraulic cylinder at the uniform velocity increases the pressure of hydraulic cylinder epicoele, keeps the stability of formation pressure increase, improves the strata pressure control accuracy.After strata pressure was elevated to predefined numerical value, electromagnetic valve can cut off the hydraulic power source of formation fluid analog module 3, and then kept the strata pressure in the formation core analog module.This moment, hydraulic pump can stop operating, and saved energy.When strata pressure reduced, the control system opened hydraulic pump automatically, and continuing provides the simulated formation fluid through the rock core of formation fluid analog module 3 in formation core analog module 2, and close up to strata pressure and preset value, hydraulic pump shuts down once more.
(5) the annular pressure analog module 5
Annular pressure analog module 5 adopts the high temperature hydraulic oil as medium, through hydraulic system the hydraulic oil of different pressures is provided in simulation wellbore hole 1, is used for simulating annular pressure.Specific to Fig. 1, the hydraulic oil of annular pressure analog module 5 gets into simulation wellbore hole 1 from the inlet on the barrel of simulation wellbore hole 1, gives simulation wellbore hole 1 pressurization.The hydraulic oil of simulation annular pressure can not get into module 6 from upper end cover; As shown in Figure 3; The pipeline that exports out from upper end cover has stop valve, can close, and stops high-voltage oil liquid to get into bottom hole temperature (BHT) analog module 6; And also there is bidirectional hydraulic lock bottom hole temperature (BHT) analog module 6 the insides, the hydraulic oil entering of prevention simulation annular pressure.
As shown in Figure 2, this module comprises motor, hydraulic pump 9, electromagnetic valve 10, flow speed control valve 11, pressurized cylinder 12, solenoid operated directional valve 13, pressure sensor 14.The hydraulic oil of annular pressure analog module 5 outputs acts in the simulation wellbore hole 1, simulates annular pressure.The output pressure of hydraulic pump 9 is limited, is the annular pressure of the bigger pressure limit of simulation, adopts pressurized cylinder 12 to amplify the method simulation annular pressure of hydraulic pump 9 output pressures.
Motor links to each other with hydraulic pump 9; First interface of solenoid operated directional valve 10 is connected with hydraulic pump 9; Second interface is connected with cooler, and cooler is connected with strainer again, and the 3rd interface is connected with an end of flow speed control valve 11; The other end of flow speed control valve 11 is connected with the cavity of resorption of pressurized cylinder 12; The 4th interface is communicated with the epicoele of pressurized cylinder 12, and the epicoele of pressurized cylinder 12 is connected with an interface of electromagnetic valve 13, and another interface of electromagnetic valve 13 is connected with inlet on the barrel of simulation wellbore hole 1; On annular pressure analog module 5 and pipeline that simulation wellbore hole 1 is connected, be connected to pressure sensor 14; Said data acquisition is connected with pressure sensor 14 with hydraulic pump 9 respectively with control module 7.
During use,, drive hydraulic pump 9 revolutions to the motor power supply; High-pressure and hydraulic oil is through reversal valve 10; Get into the cavity of resorption of pressurized cylinder 12 again through flow speed control valve 11, through the pressurization of pressurized cylinder, the pressure value of hydraulic oil is exaggerated at the epicoele of pressurized cylinder 12; Get in the simulation wellbore hole 1 the simulation annular pressure through electromagnetic valve 13 backs.The direction of motion of reversal valve 10 control pressurized cylinders 12 inner carriers, after the epicoele top of pressurized cylinder 12 is arrived in piston motion, control reversal valve 10, hydraulic oil acts on pressurized cylinder 12 epicoele tops, and the pistons in the pressurized cylinder 12 move downward, and are returned to initial position.When needing supercharging once more, control reversal valve 10 makes hydraulic oil get into the cavity of resorption of hydraulic cylinder 12, and the piston in the hydraulic cylinder 12 moves upward once more, amplifies the output pressure of hydraulic pump 9, the simulation annular pressure.Piston movement speed in the flow speed control valve 11 control hydraulic cylinders 12 at the uniform velocity increases the pressure of hydraulic cylinder 12 epicoeles, and the stability that keeps annular pressure to increase improves the annular pressure control accuracy.After annular pressure was elevated to predefined numerical value, electromagnetic valve 13 can cut off the hydraulic power source of annular pressure analog module 5, and then kept the annular pressure in the simulation wellbore hole 1.This moment, hydraulic pump 9 can stop operating, and saved electric energy.When annular pressure reduced, data acquisition and control module 7 were opened hydraulic pump 9 automatically, open electromagnetic valve 13, and continuing provides hydraulic oil in simulation wellbore hole 1, and pressure sensor 14 detects annular pressure and preset value is close, and hydraulic pump 9 shuts down once more.
The empty force value of simulation well base ring reaches as high as 70MPa, and (scope is 0.1-70MPa.), but be not limited to these numerical value.
(6) the bottom hole temperature (BHT) analog module 6
Bottom hole temperature (BHT) analog module 6 provides high temperature fluid to simulation wellbore hole 1, the simulation bottom hole temperature (BHT).This module is made up of the high temperature resistance Hydraulic Elements.
As shown in Figure 3, the condition of high temperature at the bottom of bottom hole temperature (BHT) analog module 6 simulation wells, 125 ℃ of maximum temperatures comprise motor, high temperature hydraulic pump 15, electric heater 16, solenoid operated directional valve 17, electromagnetic valve 18, temperature pick up 19a, 19b.
Motor links to each other with high temperature hydraulic pump 15, drives 15 revolutions of high temperature hydraulic pump; High temperature hydraulic pump 15 has 2 interfaces, and first interface links to each other with solenoid operated directional valve 17, and second interface links to each other with electromagnetic valve 18; Solenoid operated directional valve 17 has 3 interfaces, and first interface is connected with hydraulic pump 15, and second interface links to each other with fuel tank, and the 3rd interface is connected with bidirectional hydraulic lock.4 interfaces of bidirectional hydraulic lock connect outlet, solenoid operated directional valve 17 and fuel tank on the upper end cover of inlet on simulation wellbore hole 1 barrel, simulation wellbore hole 1 respectively.Electromagnetic valve 18 has 2 interfaces, and first interface is connected with hydraulic pump 15, and second interface is connected with the upper end of heat interchanger 8, and fuel tank is inserted in the lower end of heat interchanger 8.On the pipeline between the outlet on the upper end cover of bidirectional hydraulic lock and simulation wellbore hole 1, temperature pick up 19a is housed, data acquisition is connected electric heater 16 and temperature pick up 19a respectively with control module 7.In addition, temperature pick up 19b is being installed in the fuel tank of bottom, the temperature of its mensuration need not given control module 7.
During the test beginning, electric heater 16 is heated to design temperature with fluid earlier, and electromagnetic valve 18 cuts out, and electromagnetic valve 17 spools are in right position, and hydraulic pump 15 pumps into high-temperature oil liquid in the simulation wellbore hole 1, and fills with.After the simulation well intraocular is filled with high temperature hydraulic oil; In simulation wellbore hole 1 periphery heat interchanger 8 is installed; Electromagnetic valve 17 is in position, a left side, opens electromagnetic valve 18, feeds the high-temperature oil liquid of circulation in the heat exchanger; At design temperature, play the fine setting temperature action through conduction of heat control and the oil liquid temperature that keeps the simulation well intraocular.Temperature pick up 19a detects the temperature of simulation well intraocular, as is lower than design temperature, then to electric heater 16 power supplies, and heating hydraulic oil, through circulation in heat interchanger 8, temperature rises to design temperature in conduction of heat makes simulation wellbore hole 1.Be higher than design temperature like temperature in the simulation wellbore hole 1, then data acquisition and control module 7 stop to make system cools to design temperature to electric heater 16 power supplies, reach the purpose that closed loop feedback is accurately controlled bottom hole temperature (BHT).
High temperature fluid is sent to the heat interchanger 8 around the simulation wellbore hole 1, through the temperature of conduction of heat heating and maintenance simulation wellbore hole inner fluid, and the simulation bottom hole temperature (BHT), temperature value reaches as high as 125 ℃, and (scope is 25-125 ℃.), but be not limited to these numerical value.
(7) data acquisition and control module 7
The effect of data acquisition and control module 7 is the output valves to strata pressure analog module 4, annular pressure analog module 5, bottom hole temperature (BHT) analog module 6; Be that strata pressure, annular pressure, bottom hole temperature (BHT) are done close-loop feedback control; Make these pressure, temperature output valve close, strata pressure and annular pressure are accurately controlled with preset value.
During use, the heater in the bottom hole temperature (BHT) analog module 6 is heated to preset temperature with fluid (such as hydraulic oil), then fluid is injected in the confined space of simulation wellbore hole 1; As shown in Figure 3, fluid from simulation wellbore hole 1 barrel inlet get into, the outlet from simulation wellbore hole 1 upper end cover is discharged; Circulation a period of time; The endless form that adopts this low in and high out is in order to be full of hydraulic oil in the simulation wellbore hole 1 fully, air in the simulation wellbore hole 1 to be discharged fully, forming the shaft bottom hot environment.Monitor the temperature in the simulation wellbore hole 1 in real time through temperature pick up, high temperature fluid stops to inject then, and circulation in the heat interchanger 8 of simulation wellbore hole 1 periphery.Through the heat transmission,, make temperature maintenance in the simulation wellbore hole 1 at design temperature to the insulation of the high temperature fluid in the simulation wellbore hole 1.If the temperature in the simulation wellbore hole 1 reduces, then feed the higher high temperature fluid of temperature in the heat exchanger 8, make the temperature in the simulation wellbore hole 1 rise to design temperature, play the effect of regulating simulation wellbore hole temperature and insulation.
After temperature in the simulation wellbore hole 1 reaches preset value, start annular pressure analog module 5.Annular pressure analog module 5 injects a certain amount of high-voltage oil liquid in simulation wellbore hole 1, the simulation annular pressure.Pressure in this moment simulation wellbore hole 1 progressively raises, reach the annular pressure preset value after, annular pressure analog module 5 quits work.Pressure sensor continues to monitor the annular pressure in the simulation wellbore hole 1, as is lower than preset value, and annular pressure analog module 5 works on, until returning to the annular pressure preset value.High-voltage oil liquid has certain mixing with above-mentioned high temperature hydraulic oil, up to off-test, in annular pressure analog module 5 pressure processes, does not have fluid to flow out from the outlet of upper end cover.
In the time of 5 work of annular pressure analog module, strata pressure analog module 4 is also in running order.Strata pressure analog module 4 injects a certain amount of high-voltage oil liquid, simulated formation pressure in formation fluid analog module 3.This moment, strata pressure analog module 4 output pressure progressively raise, reach pre-set strata pressure after, strata pressure analog module 4 quits work.Pressure sensor continues to monitor strata pressure, if be lower than preset value, strata pressure analog module 4 works on, until returning to preset strata pressure value.
Formation fluid analog module 3 links to each other with strata pressure analog module 4.The high-voltage oil liquid of strata pressure analog module 4 acts in the formation fluid analog module 3.Formation fluid analog module 3 is divided into two parts by piston, and the left side holds hydraulic oil, right side containing formation fluid, because piston has sealing function, the fluid of both sides can not mix each other.The hydraulic oil that comes out from strata pressure analog module 4 directly enters into formation fluid analog module left chamber, and piston is injected into the formation fluid on its right side in the formation core analog module 2 under the high pressure effect.According to test requirements document, formation fluid analog module 3 replaceable formation fluids of different nature, real conditions under the simulation well.
Formation core analog module 2 links to each other with formation fluid analog module 3.Under the strata pressure effect, formation fluid infiltrates in the rock core in the formation core analog module 2, is penetrated in the simulation wellbore hole 1 fluid in the simulated formation again from rock core.Rock core is replaceable according to test requirements document, the stratum of simulation different physical properties.In the utility model, formation core analog module 2 is installed in the outside of simulation wellbore hole 1, dummy level direction stratum.Therefore, except other downhole tool, instrument are made an experiment, also can measure pipe nipple and carry out ground test strata pressure.
The effect of data acquisition and control module 7 is the output valves to strata pressure analog module 4, annular pressure analog module 5, bottom hole temperature (BHT) analog module 6; Be that strata pressure, annular pressure, bottom hole temperature (BHT) are done close-loop feedback control; Make these pressure, temperature output valve close, strata pressure and annular pressure are accurately controlled with preset value.
The function of data acquisition and control module 7 is accomplished by Industrial Personal Computer (IPC), and its operating principle is following:
Data acquisition and control module 7 are gathered the strata pressure and the annular pressure signal of strata pressure analog module 4 and 5 outputs of annular pressure analog module through pressure sensor; Send into Industrial Personal Computer (IPC) through the A/D conversion with modulation treatment; Do comparison with preset strata pressure, annular pressure numerical value respectively; Both differences are as control signal; The output pressure of control strata pressure analog module 4 and annular pressure analog module 5; Make strata pressure, the annular pressure and predefined strata pressure numerical value, annular pressure close in value or similar of 5 outputs of strata pressure analog module 4 and annular pressure analog module, reach the purpose of accurate close-loop feedback control strata pressure, annular pressure.
Data acquisition and control module 7 are through the temperature signal of 6 outputs of temperature simulation module at the bottom of the temperature pick up production wells; Send into Industrial Personal Computer (IPC) through the A/D conversion with modulation treatment; Do comparison with preset bottom hole temperature (BHT), both differences are as control signal, the output valve of temperature simulation module 6 at the bottom of the control well; Make the output temperature and predefined bottom hole temperature (BHT) close in value or similar of bottom hole temperature (BHT) analog module 6, accurately control bottom hole temperature (BHT).
The method for using of said subsurface environment analogue means is following:
(1) choose the rock core of formation core analog module 2 according to test requirements document, the fluid in the formation fluid analog module 3, and set the preset value of strata pressure analog module 4, annular pressure analog module 5, bottom hole temperature (BHT) analog module 6;
(2) downhole tool to be tested or instrument are positioned in the simulation wellbore hole 1;
(3) with simulation wellbore hole 1 sealing;
(4) bottom hole temperature (BHT) analog module 6 starts, the bottom hole temperature (BHT) initial value is set in data acquisition and control module 7 initialization;
(5) the 5th steps: heating hydraulic oil is to design temperature in bottom hole temperature (BHT) analog module 6; And be injected in the simulation wellbore hole 1, hydraulic oil from simulation wellbore hole 1 barrel inlet get into, the outlet from simulation wellbore hole 1 upper end cover is discharged; Circulation a period of time; Like this air in the simulation wellbore hole 1 is discharged fully, let be full of hydraulic oil fully in the simulation wellbore hole 1, form the shaft bottom hot environment;
(6) bottom hole temperature (BHT) that collects like data collection and control module 7 reaches setting value; Bottom hole temperature (BHT) analog module 6 stops in simulation wellbore hole 1, to inject high temperature hydraulic oil; Carry out next step operation; Otherwise data acquisition and control module 7 continues the high temperature hydraulic oil output temperature of adjustment bottom hole temperature (BHT) analog modules 6, the output temperature that makes high temperature hydraulic oil near or reach the setting initial value, continue injection hydraulic oil to simulation wellbore hole 1 in;
(7) high-temperature oil liquid that comes out from bottom hole temperature (BHT) analog module 6 gets into circulation in the heat interchanger 8, keeps the design temperature in the simulation wellbore hole 1;
(8) set strata pressure, annular pressure initial value, strata pressure analog module 4,5 starts of annular pressure analog module;
(9) strata pressure analog module 4, annular pressure analog module 5 continue respectively to formation core analog module 2, simulation wellbore hole 1 pressurization;
(10) if strata pressure and annular pressure that data acquisition and control module 7 collect reach setting value; Carry out next step operation; Otherwise data acquisition and control module 7 continues the output pressure of adjustment strata pressure analog module 4, annular pressure analog module 5, make output pressure near or reach strata pressure and annular pressure setting value;
(11) begin testing experiment if desired, carry out next step operation, otherwise wait for;
(12) downhole tool or instrument begin testing experiment in the simulation wellbore hole 1;
(13) if finish this test, carry out next step operation, otherwise forward (6) to;
(14) temperature simulation module 6 under the closed-in well;
(15) close strata pressure analog module 4, annular pressure analog module 5;
(16) device cooling, pressure release;
(17) acquisition and control system 7 shutdown;
(18) take out downhole tool or the instrument of testing;
(19) data post-processed and explanation (have data storage device in the instrument to be tested, behind the EOT tape test instrument is taken out, and download test data);
(20) test next time is prepared in device maintenance.
Comprehensive above-mentioned analysis is compared with the HTHP simulation wellbore hole that Southwest Petrol University develops, and the simulation wellbore hole internal diameter of the utility model is bigger, and the simulation well internal pressure is also higher, so range of application is also wider.Compare with the simulation wellbore hole that creeps into that the unit of grade of mine locating technical study institute of former Ministry of Geology and Mineral Resources develops, the rock core of simulated formation is installed in the pit shaft side in the utility model, but dummy level direction stratum.And the utility model also can also can carry out the research of strata pressure Measurement Algorithm to carrying out ground test, debugging and test with boring strata pressure measurement pipe nipple except carrying out other downhole tool and instrument ground test.In this device, other downhole tool instrument can carry out high temperature resistance, anti-high-potting.It is long that this device can solve the field test work period, and expense is high, and problems such as detection means shortcoming have application promise in clinical practice.
Technique scheme is a kind of embodiment of the utility model; For those skilled in the art; On the basis of principle that the utility model discloses and structure, be easy to make various types of improvement or distortion, and be not limited only to the described structure of the above-mentioned specific embodiment of the utility model; Therefore the structure of front description is just preferred, and does not have restrictive meaning.
Claims (7)
1. subsurface environment analogue means, it is characterized in that: said subsurface environment analogue means comprises simulation wellbore hole (1), formation core analog module (2), formation fluid analog module (3), strata pressure analog module (4), annular pressure analog module (5) and data acquisition and control module (7);
Said simulation wellbore hole (1) is used to simulate well, and downhole tool to be measured or instrument are placed in the said simulation wellbore hole (1);
Said formation core analog module (2) is used for dummy level direction stratum, and it is installed on the barrel of said simulation wellbore hole (1), the intracavity inter-connection of one of which end and simulation wellbore hole (1), and the other end is connected with an end of formation fluid analog module (3);
Said formation fluid analog module (3) is used for simulates real layer fluid on the spot, and the one of which end is connected with formation core analog module (2), and the other end is connected with strata pressure analog module (4);
Said strata pressure analog module (4) is used for simulated formation pressure, and the pressure of its output acts on the formation core analog module (2) through the transmission of formation fluid analog module (3);
Said annular pressure analog module (5) is used for simulation well base ring pneumatics power, and its inner chamber with simulation wellbore hole (1) is communicated with, and applies high pressure to simulation wellbore hole (1) inside;
It is that the output valve of strata pressure, annular pressure analog module (5) is that annular pressure is done close-loop feedback control that said data acquisition and control module (7) are used for output valve to strata pressure analog module (4); Make the output valve of strata pressure, annular pressure close, strata pressure and annular pressure are accurately controlled with preset value separately.
2. subsurface environment analogue means according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said simulation wellbore hole (1) comprises upper end cover, the borehole wall and bottom end cover; The said borehole wall is a tube-in-tube structure; Two ends have flanging, and upper end cover is connected through bolt with the flanging of borehole wall upper end, and bottom end cover is connected through bolt with the flanging of borehole wall lower end; The inner chamber of pit shaft has formed the space of test downhole tool and instrument; On the barrel of said simulation wellbore hole (1), have inlet, on upper end cover, have outlet.
3. subsurface environment analogue means according to claim 2 is characterized in that: said subsurface environment analogue means further comprises bottom hole temperature (BHT) analog module (6), and it provides high temperature fluid in simulation wellbore hole (1), be used to simulate bottom hole temperature (BHT).
4. subsurface environment analogue means according to claim 3 is characterized in that: said subsurface environment analogue means further comprises heat interchanger (8), and said heat interchanger (8) is spirally wound on the outer wall of said simulation wellbore hole (1);
Said bottom hole temperature (BHT) analog module (6) comprises motor, high temperature hydraulic pump, electric heater, bidirectional hydraulic lock, solenoid operated directional valve, electromagnetic valve and temperature pick up; Said motor links to each other with the high temperature hydraulic pump, drives the revolution of high temperature hydraulic pump; The high temperature hydraulic pump has 2 interfaces, and first interface links to each other with solenoid operated directional valve, and second interface links to each other with electromagnetic valve; Solenoid operated directional valve has 3 interfaces, and first interface is connected with hydraulic pump, and second interface links to each other with fuel tank, and the 3rd interface is connected with bidirectional hydraulic lock; 4 interfaces of bidirectional hydraulic lock connect outlet, solenoid operated directional valve and fuel tank on the upper end cover of inlet on simulation wellbore hole (1) barrel, simulation wellbore hole (1) respectively; Electromagnetic valve has 2 interfaces, and first interface is connected with hydraulic pump, and second interface is connected with the upper end of heat interchanger (8), and fuel tank is inserted in the lower end of heat interchanger (8); On the pipeline between the outlet on the upper end cover of bidirectional hydraulic lock and simulation wellbore hole (1), temperature pick up is housed; On the pipeline between the outlet on said bidirectional hydraulic lock and simulation wellbore hole (1) upper end cover, stop valve is installed; Data acquisition is connected electric heater and temperature pick up respectively with control module (7);
The output valve that said data acquisition and control module (7) are further used for bottom hole temperature (BHT) analog module (6) is that bottom hole temperature (BHT) is done close-loop feedback control, makes the output valve of bottom hole temperature (BHT) and preset value close, and bottom hole temperature (BHT) is accurately controlled.
5. subsurface environment analogue means according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said annular pressure analog module (5) comprises motor, hydraulic pump, electromagnetic valve, flow speed control valve, pressurized cylinder, solenoid operated directional valve and pressure sensor;
Said motor links to each other with hydraulic pump, and first interface of solenoid operated directional valve is connected with hydraulic pump, and second interface is connected with cooler; Cooler is connected with strainer again; The 3rd interface is connected with an end of flow speed control valve, and the other end of flow speed control valve is connected with the cavity of resorption of pressurized cylinder, and the 4th interface is communicated with the epicoele of pressurized cylinder; The epicoele of pressurized cylinder is connected with an interface of electromagnetic valve, and another interface of electromagnetic valve is connected with inlet on the barrel of simulation wellbore hole (1); Said pressure sensor is installed on said annular pressure analog module (5) and the pipeline that simulation wellbore hole (1) is connected; Said data acquisition is connected with pressure sensor with hydraulic pump respectively with control module (7).
6. according to the arbitrary described subsurface environment analogue means of claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that: rock core is housed in said formation core analog module (2) inside;
According to test requirements document, the rock core of replaceable different physical properties, dummy level direction stratum;
According to test requirements document, replaceable fluid simulation of different nature layer fluid truly in said formation fluid analog module (3).
7. according to the arbitrary described subsurface environment analogue means of claim 1 to 5; It is characterized in that: said strata pressure analog module (4) adopts hydraulic system; The high-voltage oil liquid of its output is introduced into formation fluid analog module (3), gets into formation core analog module (2) through formation fluid analog module (3) again;
Said formation core analog module (2) comprises outer mount pad, flange, high pressure hydraulic fluid port, simulation rock core mount pad, rock core and seal; Said simulation rock core mount pad is the flanged (FLGD) sleeve-like configuration of an end with outer mount pad; Rock core is wrapped with seal; Rock core and seal are installed in the said simulation rock core mount pad together; Simulation rock core mount pad is installed in the outer mount pad again; The inner face of the flange of simulation rock core mount pad contacts with the outer face of the flange of outer mount pad, and the outer face of the flange of simulation rock core mount pad contacts with flange, through bolt flange, simulation rock core mount pad and outer mount pad is fixed together; Said outer mount pad is fixed on the borehole wall of simulation wellbore hole (1); Simulation rock core mount pad one end inserts in the formation core analog module installing hole; At the center of flange the high pressure hydraulic fluid port is installed; The simulated formation fluid gets into rock core through the high pressure hydraulic fluid port, penetrates in the simulation wellbore hole (1) through rock core again;
Said formation fluid analog module (3) is a hydraulic cylinder structure, and piston is housed in the cylinder body, and piston is divided into two chambeies with cylinder body, and a side of piston is the high-pressure and hydraulic oil pocket, and opposite side is the simulated formation fluid cavity; Have the hydraulic oil inlet in said high-pressure and hydraulic oil pocket one side, have exhaust opening in high-pressure and hydraulic oil pocket upper end; Side at said simulated formation fluid cavity has the simulated formation fluid issuing, has simulated formation fluid inlet in the upper end of simulated formation fluid cavity; Said hydraulic oil inlet is connected with strata pressure analog module (4), and said simulated formation fluid issuing is connected with high pressure hydraulic fluid port on the formation core analog module (2); Motor links to each other with hydraulic pump; First interface of solenoid operated directional valve is connected with hydraulic pump; Second interface is connected with cooler, and cooler is connected with strainer, and the 3rd interface communicates with the interface of flow speed control valve through bidirectional hydraulic lock; Flow speed control valve is connected with the cavity of resorption of pressurized cylinder, and the 4th interface is communicated with the epicoele of pressurized cylinder through bidirectional hydraulic lock; The epicoele of pressurized cylinder also is communicated with electromagnetic valve; The oil-out of hydraulic pump also is connected to overflow valve;
Said strata pressure analog module (4) comprises electromagnetic valve, pressurized cylinder, flow speed control valve, solenoid operated directional valve, hydraulic pump and motor; Motor links to each other with hydraulic pump, and first interface of solenoid operated directional valve is connected with hydraulic pump, and second interface is connected with cooler; Cooler is connected with strainer; The 3rd interface communicates with the interface of flow speed control valve through bidirectional hydraulic lock, and flow speed control valve is connected with the cavity of resorption of pressurized cylinder, and the 4th interface is communicated with the epicoele of pressurized cylinder through bidirectional hydraulic lock; The epicoele of pressurized cylinder also is communicated with electromagnetic valve, and the oil-out of hydraulic pump also is connected to overflow valve.
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