CN102748015B - A kind of strata pressure analogue means and method - Google Patents
A kind of strata pressure analogue means and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102748015B CN102748015B CN201110102278.6A CN201110102278A CN102748015B CN 102748015 B CN102748015 B CN 102748015B CN 201110102278 A CN201110102278 A CN 201110102278A CN 102748015 B CN102748015 B CN 102748015B
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of strata pressure analogue means and method, belong to the field such as oil field, mine.This device comprises simulation wellbore hole (5), formation core analog module (6), formation fluid analog module (7), strata pressure analog module (10), data processing and control module (9).Utilize this device can at the stratum of lab simulation different lithology, different permeability and strata pressure; By this device, the laboratory test with boring formation pressure testing pipe nipple can be carried out, in ground simulation with the course of work of boring formation pressure test pipe nipple measurement strata pressure, the test accuracy of confirmatory measurement pipe nipple, can be used as with the test platform of brill formation pressure testing pipe nipple and with the development platform of boring formation pressure testing control algolithm; Strata pressure analogue means avoids and carries out, with relocation equipment, Operation and Maintenance inconvenience during the pipe nipple test of brill formation pressure testing, affecting drilling progress, increasing the problems such as drilling cost, reduce test difficulty, improve economic benefit at situ of drilling well.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the field such as oil field, mine, be specifically related to a kind of strata pressure analogue means and method, for simulating different lithology, the stratum of different permeability and strata pressure.
Background technology
Strata pressure is the important parameter describing oil reservoir.Utilize strata pressure can optimize mud severe and equivalent circulating density, prevent well kick, blowout, formation damage or unexpected formation breakdown and lost-circulation, help the algorithm correcting predict geopressure.Utilize formation pressure data to improve drilling efficiency, carry out better decision-making in-situ, upgrade in time geological model.
Measure strata pressure with brill formation pressure testing instrument, drill bit has just bored layer of turning up the soil and has namely tested, and drilling fluid is little to surveyed formation contaminant, and pressure measurement accuracy is high, can react the real pressure condition in stratum better.Solve with brill formation pressure testing instrument and enter the problems such as difficult under traditional measurement instrument in high angle hole, extended reach well.
In prior art, the patent No. be 99121376.9 patent discloses a kind of the formation pressure testing device and the measuring method thereof that are provided with penetrating probe, this invention relates to a kind of apparatus and method for measuring the formation parameter crossing with wellhole, use one can the body of tool of movement in wellhole.Body of tool carries drive unit, and drive unit promotes probe and carry out corresponding actions in well, moves between retracted position and the extended position penetrating the borehole wall.When probe moves to extended position, pop one's head in formation sealing on the borehole wall, the measurement mechanism in probe can measure formation parameter, and this invention is a kind of downhole hardware measuring formation parameter.
The patent No. is that patent discloses of 200820210641.X is a kind of with brill formation pressure detection device, and this utility model is made up of parts such as hydraulic pump, pressure sensor, circuit storehouse, reducing valve, backup pistons.Can detect in time and provide strata pressure, realize drilling well and control drilling fluid column pressure in real time, this utility model be that the one of oil drilling is with brill formation pressure detection device.
The patent No. be the one that patent discloses oil drilling of 200910002450.3 with brill formation pressure test device and method, the dynamic acquisition of downhole formation pressure data can be realized, and real-time Transmission is to ground.This invention is made up of ground control instruction receiving element, annular space packing units, formation pressure test unit, data upload unit, power subsystem and the ground data processing unit be arranged on bottom drill string.
Describing DFT formation tester while drilling in document " with brill formation testing technology and application thereof " (please refer to " logging technique " 2005.8), is a kind of downhole tool of measurement while drilling strata pressure.DFT formation tester while drilling is made up of parts such as twin packer, pressure drop pump, quartz gauges, measures strata pressure, decreases effect risk, saved expense, have good economic effect under stratum almost unpolluted condition.
The TesTrak of Baker Hughes Inc's research and development is described with brill formation pressure test instrument in document " novel with boring formation pressure test instrument " (please refer to " Oilfields engineering " 2005.11), this instrument is made up of intelligence control system, pumping system, pressure gauge etc., has basic test and optimal inspection two kinds of test patterns.This instrument can combine measurement while drilling strata pressure with other downhole tool.
The compressive strength that rock core analyzed by use three axle rock stress instrument is described in document " under simulation stratum condition different lithology compressive strength test feature " (please refer to " Information " 2010.7).This instrument applies hydraulic coupling by hydraulic power unit at rock core two ends and surrounding, and rock core pressure at two ends raises gradually, until destroy, rock core by such technique study mechanical properties of rock.
Known by analyzing, current correlation technique is used in the test apparatus equipment such as research rock core compressive strength, permeability.Apply pressure by fluid media (medium) to rock core end, and then the ability that invades of research rock core opposing external force and fluid are by the permeance property of rock core.And be also in the exploratory stage for the strata pressure analogue means of formation pressure testing and the correlative study of method.
In addition, with brill formation pressure testing instrument compared with other device for subsurface measuring, complex structure, its core component is microminiaturized machinery, electronics, hydraulic system.Very harsh with the working environment boring formation pressure testing instrument, add narrow space in upper drill, bring very large difficulty to the design of survey tool, also there is larger technical risk.Technical data that both at home and abroad can be for reference in this technical field is little, is almost blank.In addition, because oil gas well drilling scene is in remote area, carry out principle and the performance test with boring formation pressure testing instrument at situ of drilling well, there is many difficulties in technical guarantee, adds the difficulty of test; Go into the well test time, affect Oil/gas Well and normally drill carrying out of work, cause cost to increase.
Therefore, for carrying out with brill formation pressure testing and other technical research, need to design and develop a set of can at the analogue means of ground simulation strata pressure.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to solve the difficult problem existed in above-mentioned prior art, a kind of strata pressure analogue means and method are provided, can at the stratum of lab simulation different lithology, different permeability and strata pressure, can be used for the ground test boring formation pressure testing pipe nipple, check and test, in ground simulation with the course of work of boring formation pressure test pipe nipple measurement strata pressure, also can be used as the development and testing platform with boring formation pressure testing control algolithm.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of strata pressure analogue means, comprises simulation wellbore hole 5, formation core analog module 6, formation fluid analog module 7, strata pressure analog module 10, data processing and control module 9;
Described simulation wellbore hole 5 is tubular structure, and described formation core analog module 6 is arranged on the wall of described simulation wellbore hole 5, the intracavity inter-connection of its one end and simulation wellbore hole 5, and the other end is connected with one end of formation fluid analog module 7; The other end of formation fluid analog module 7 is connected with strata pressure analog module 10;
Place tested with brill formation pressure testing pipe nipple in the chamber of described simulation wellbore hole 5;
Pipeline between described formation core analog module 6 and formation fluid analog module 7 is equipped with pressure sensor 8;
Pressure sensor 8 gathers the strata pressure signal in formation core analog module 6, data processing and control module 9 is sent into after A/D conversion with modulation treatment, compare with the strata pressure numeral preset, both differences are as control signal, control the output pressure of strata pressure analog module 10, the strata pressure that strata pressure analog module 10 is exported is close or similar to the strata pressure numeral preset;
Described data processing and control module 9 adopt Industrial Personal Computer (IPC), comprise data acquisition processing system and control system.
Described simulation wellbore hole 5 comprises upper end cover 1, the borehole wall 2, bottom end cover 3, upper end cover 1 is arranged on the upper surface of the borehole wall 2, bottom end cover 3 is arranged on the lower surface of the borehole wall 2, the described borehole wall 2 has formation core analog module installing hole 4, places test in the chamber of described simulation wellbore hole 5 with brill formation pressure testing pipe nipple.
Described formation core analog module 6 comprises outer mount pad 24, flange 25, high pressure hydraulic fluid port 26, simulation core mount pad 27, rock core 28 and seal;
Described simulation core mount pad 27 and outer mount pad 24 are the flanged (FLGD) sleeve-like configuration in one end, rock core 28 is wrapped with seal, rock core 28 and seal are arranged in described simulation core mount pad 27 together, simulation core mount pad 27 is arranged in outer mount pad 24 again, the inner face of the flange of simulation core mount pad 27 contacts with the outer face of the flange of outer mount pad 24, the outer face of the flange of simulation core mount pad 27 contacts with flange 25, flange 25, simulation core mount pad 27 and outer mount pad 24 is fixed together by bolt;
Described outer mount pad 24 is fixed on the borehole wall 2 of simulation wellbore hole 5, in simulation core mount pad 27 one end insert into stratum rock core analog module installing hole 4, at the center of flange 25, high pressure hydraulic fluid port 26 is installed, simulated formation fluid enters rock core 28 by high pressure hydraulic fluid port 26, then is penetrated in simulation wellbore hole 5 by rock core 28.
Described formation fluid analog module 7 is hydraulic cylinder structure, and cylinder body is built with piston 19, and cylinder body is divided into two chambeies by piston 19, and the side of piston 19 is high-pressure and hydraulic oil pocket 18, and opposite side is simulated formation fluid cavity 20:
Have hydraulic oil inlet 17 in described high-pressure and hydraulic oil pocket 18 side, have exhaust opening 23 in high-pressure and hydraulic oil pocket 18 upper end;
Have simulated formation fluid issuing 21 in the side of described simulated formation fluid cavity 20, have simulated formation fluid-infusing port 22 in the upper end of simulated formation fluid cavity 20;
Described hydraulic oil inlet 17 is connected with strata pressure analog module 10, and described simulated formation fluid issuing 21 is connected with the high pressure hydraulic fluid port 26 on formation core analog module 6;
Motor is connected with hydraulic pump 15, first interface of solenoid operated directional valve 14 is connected with hydraulic pump 15, second interface is connected with cooler, cooler is connected with strainer, 3rd interface is communicated by the interface of bidirectional hydraulic lock with flow speed control valve 13, flow speed control valve 13 is connected with the cavity of resorption of pressurized cylinder 12, and the 4th interface is communicated with by the epicoele of bidirectional hydraulic lock with pressurized cylinder 12; The epicoele of pressurized cylinder 12 is also communicated with electromagnetic valve 11; The oil-out of hydraulic pump 15 is also connected to overflow valve.
The output pressure of Industrial Personal Computer (IPC) hydraulic control pump 15.
Described seal is a Metal Inclusions, is to be wrapped in outside rock core 28 by the mode of cast, and itself and rock core 28 are closely integrated into and are integrated.
The function of ground data process and control module 9 is completed by an Industrial Personal Computer (IPC), comprises digital sampling and processing, control module and power management module; Pressure sensor 8 gathers the strata pressure signal in formation core analog module 6, A/D change-over circuit is input to after modulate circuit shaping, filtering, formation pressure data is transferred to digital sampling and processing after carrying out Analog-digital Converter to each channel signal by A/D change-over circuit, digital sampling and processing completes the interface of each several part circuit and the Digital Signal Processing to data, and power management module manages the power supply of other module to reduce power consumption simultaneously;
The output pressure of control module hydraulic control pump 15.
The using method of strata pressure analogue means of the present invention comprises the following steps:
(1) rock core 28 and the formation fluid of simulated formation is chosen according to test requirements document;
(2) will be placed in simulation wellbore hole 5 with brill formation pressure testing pipe nipple, simulation wellbore hole 5 will be sealed;
(3) strata pressure analogue means start, data handling system and control system initialize;
(4) according to test requirements document, in Industrial Personal Computer (IPC), strata pressure value is set;
(5) to feeding electric motors, hydraulic pump 15 turns round, and starts strata pressure analogue means;
(6) if the strata pressure that data acquisition processing system collects reaches setting value, carry out next step operation, otherwise control system continues the output pressure of adjustment hydraulic pump 15, until output pressure is close or reach strata pressure setting value;
(7) if need test, carry out next step operation, otherwise wait for;
(8) with boring the measuring probe backup of formation pressure testing pipe nipple to rock core 28 end in formation core analog module 6, test;
(9) be completed, with the measuring probe return boring formation pressure testing pipe nipple;
(10) if terminate this test, carry out next step operation, otherwise return step (6);
(11) strata pressure analogue means is closed;
(12) shut down;
(13) take out with brill formation pressure testing pipe nipple;
(14) data post process and explanation;
(15) device maintenance, prepares test next time.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) the invention provides a kind of strata pressure analogue means and method, can at the stratum of lab simulation different lithology, different permeability and strata pressure;
(2) by this device, the laboratory test with boring formation pressure testing pipe nipple can be carried out, in ground simulation with the course of work of boring formation pressure test pipe nipple measurement strata pressure, can be used as with the test platform of brill formation pressure testing pipe nipple and with the development platform of boring formation pressure testing control algolithm;
(3) strata pressure analogue means avoids and carries out, with relocation equipment, Operation and Maintenance inconvenience during the pipe nipple test of brill formation pressure testing, affecting drilling progress, increasing the problems such as drilling cost, reduce test difficulty, improve economic benefit at situ of drilling well.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of strata pressure analogue means of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the simulation wellbore hole in strata pressure analogue means of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the formation fluid analog module in strata pressure analogue means of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the formation core analog module in strata pressure analogue means of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the use principle figure of strata pressure analogue means of the present invention.
Wherein, 1 is upper end cover, 2 is the borehole wall, 3 is bottom end cover, 4 is formation core analog module installing hole, 5 is simulation wellbore hole, 6 is formation core analog module, 7 is formation fluid analog module, 8 is pressure sensor, 9 is data processing and control module, 10 is strata pressure analog module, 11 is electromagnetic valve, 12 is pressurized cylinder, 13 is flow speed control valve, 14 is reversal valve, 15 is hydraulic pump, 16 is rock core end face, 17 is high pressure liquid oil-in, 18 is high-pressure and hydraulic oil pocket, 19 is piston, 20 is simulated formation fluid cavity, 21 is simulated formation fluid issuing, 22 is simulated formation fluid-infusing port, 23 is exhaust opening, 24 is outer mount pad, 25 is flange, 26 is high pressure hydraulic fluid port, 27 is rock core mount pad, 28 is rock core, 29 is positioning piston, 30 for measuring pipe nipple, 31 is measuring probe.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail:
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of experimental rig of simulated formation pressure, comprises simulation wellbore hole 5, formation core analog module 6, formation fluid analog module 7, strata pressure analog module 10, data processing and control module 9.The present invention is the device at ground simulation down-hole formation pressure.
Described simulation wellbore hole 5 is tubular structure, its barrel has formation core analog module installing hole 4, described formation core analog module 6 is arranged in described formation core analog module installing hole, the intracavity inter-connection of its one end and simulation wellbore hole 5, the other end is connected with one end of formation fluid analog module 7; The other end of formation fluid analog module 7 is connected with strata pressure analog module 10;
Pipeline between described formation core analog module 6 and formation fluid analog module 7 is equipped with sensor 8;
Data processing and control module gather the strata pressure signal of pressurized cylinder output by pressure sensor 8, Industrial Personal Computer (IPC) is sent into modulation treatment through A/D conversion, compare with the strata pressure numeral preset, both differences are as control signal, the output pressure of hydraulic control pump 15, the strata pressure that pressurized cylinder is exported is close or similar to the strata pressure numeral preset.
(1) simulation wellbore hole
As shown in Figure 2, simulation wellbore hole is tubular structure, comprise upper end cover 1, the borehole wall 2, bottom end cover 3, upper end cover 1 is arranged on the upper surface of the borehole wall 2, bottom end cover 3 is arranged on the lower surface of the borehole wall 2, the described borehole wall 2 has formation core analog module installing hole 4, and the inside of described simulation wellbore hole defines test with the space of boring formation pressure testing pipe nipple.During practical application, carry out high temperature high voltage resistant design according to drilling well real well ocular environment and size to simulation wellbore hole, internal diameter can be designed as 6.75 ~ 9.5 inches, but is not limited to these sizes.
(2) formation core analog module
As shown in Fig. 1 the 6th part, formation core analog module 6 is arranged on simulation wellbore hole outer wall, and one end is connected with simulation wellbore hole inside, and the other end is connected with formation fluid analog module 7; At described formation core analog module 6 built with rock core, according to test demand, the rock core of replaceable different lithology, different permeability comes Reality simulation stratum.Rock core is peripheral through special package process, has good sealing effectiveness, under elevated pressures effect, makes simulated formation fluid can only penetrate into simulation wellbore hole through rock core inside, and do not infiltrate simulation wellbore hole between rock core and rock core mount pad.
Shown in Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of formation core analog module, and as shown in Figure 4, formation core analog module 6 comprises outer mount pad 24, flange 25, high pressure hydraulic fluid port 26, simulation core mount pad 27, rock core 28; Described simulation core mount pad 27 and outer mount pad 24 are the flanged (FLGD) sleeve-like configuration in one end, rock core 28 is wrapped with seal, and (described seal is a Metal Inclusions, be be wrapped in outside rock core 28 by the mode of cast, itself and rock core 28 are closely integrated into and are integrated.), rock core 28 and seal are arranged in described simulation core mount pad 27 together, simulation core mount pad 27 is arranged in outer mount pad 24 again, the inner face of the flange of simulation core mount pad 27 contacts with the outer face of the flange of outer mount pad 24, the outer face of the flange of simulation core mount pad 27 contacts with flange 25, flange 25, simulation core mount pad 27 and outer mount pad 24 is fixed together by bolt; Flange 25 formation rock core analog module 6 seals.
Described outer mount pad 24 is fixed on the borehole wall 2 of simulation wellbore hole 5, in rock core mount pad 27 one end insert into stratum rock core analog module installing hole 4, at the center installation high-voltage hydraulic fluid port 26 of flange 25, hydraulic oil enters rock core 28 by high pressure hydraulic fluid port 26, then is penetrated in simulation wellbore hole 5 by rock core 28.
During use, open flange 25, rock core 28 and seal are put into simulation core mount pad 27, according to the rock core of the replaceable different lithology of test requirements document and permeability.After rock core 28 has been placed, with flange 25, formation core analog module 6 is sealed.Through encapsulation process, (encapsulation process herein just refers to and above-mentioned outside rock core 28, is enclosed with seal rock core 28.), the seal of its periphery can prevent simulated formation fluid from infiltrating simulation wellbore hole 5 between rock core mount pad 27 and rock core 28, but allows simulated formation fluid penetrate in simulation wellbore hole 5 from rock core 28.
(3) formation fluid analog module
As shown in Fig. 1 the 7th part, formation fluid analog module 7 is arranged between formation core analog module 6 and strata pressure analog module 10.Its one end is communicated with high-voltage oil liquid, and the other end is connected with formation core analog module 6.According to test requirements document, replaceable fluid of different nature carrys out Reality simulation formation fluid, under simulation different pressures, and the seepage flow of formation fluid of different nature in the rock core of different lithology, different permeability, and then can study with brill formation pressure testing control algolithm.
Shown in Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of formation fluid analog module 7, described formation fluid analog module 7 is hydraulic cylinder structure, and cylinder body is built with piston 19, and cylinder body is divided into two chambeies by piston 19, the side of piston 19 is high-pressure and hydraulic oil pocket 18, and opposite side is simulated formation fluid cavity 20; Hydraulic oil inlet 17 is had in described high-pressure and hydraulic oil pocket 18 side, exhaust opening 23 is had in high-pressure and hydraulic oil pocket 18 upper end, have simulated formation fluid issuing 21 in the side of described simulated formation fluid cavity 20, have simulated formation fluid-infusing port 22 in the upper end of simulated formation fluid cavity 20; Described hydraulic oil inlet 17 is connected with strata pressure analog module 10, and described simulated formation fluid issuing 21 is connected with the high pressure hydraulic fluid port 26 on formation core analog module 6.
High pressure liquid force feed enters in the high-pressure and hydraulic oil pocket 18 of formation fluid analog module 7 by hydraulic oil inlet 17, and hydraulic oil acts on piston 19.The opposite side of piston 19 is simulated formation fluid cavitys 20.High-pressure and hydraulic oil pocket 18 and simulated formation fluid cavity 20 are kept apart by piston 19, prevent hydraulic oil pollution formation fluid, affect test effect.In process of the test, simulated formation fluid enters in formation core analog module 6 through simulated formation fluid issuing 21, and therefore formation fluid can be lost, and volume reduces.After off-test, open exhaust opening 23, by formation fluid inlet 22 to formation fluid analogue means addedly layer fluid, test for next time.
(4) strata pressure analog module
As shown in Figure 1, strata pressure analog module 10 provides the hydraulic oil of different pressures to formation fluid analog module 7, is used for simulated formation pressure.This module comprises electromagnetic valve 11, pressurized cylinder 12, flow speed control valve 13, solenoid operated directional valve 14, hydraulic pump 15 and motor.The pressure of hydraulic oil acts on the rock core in formation core analog module by formation fluid analog module, carrys out strata pressure that is virtually reality like reality.The output pressure of hydraulic pump is limited, for simulating the strata pressure of larger pressure limit, adopts pressurized cylinder to amplify the method simulated formation pressure of hydraulic pump output pressure.
Motor is connected with hydraulic pump 15, first interface of solenoid operated directional valve 14 is connected with hydraulic pump 15, second interface is connected with cooler, cooler is connected with strainer, 3rd interface is communicated by the interface of bidirectional hydraulic lock with flow speed control valve 13, flow speed control valve 13 is connected with the cavity of resorption of pressurized cylinder 12, and the 4th interface is communicated with by the epicoele of bidirectional hydraulic lock with pressurized cylinder 12.The epicoele of pressurized cylinder 12 is also communicated with electromagnetic valve 11.The oil-out of hydraulic pump 15 is also connected to overflow valve.
During use, to motor, hydraulic pump 15 is driven to turn round, high pressure liquid force feed through reversal valve 14, then enters the cavity of resorption of pressurized cylinder 12, by the pressurization of pressurized cylinder 12 by bidirectional hydraulic lock and flow speed control valve 13, the pressure value of hydraulic oil is exaggerated at the epicoele of pressurized cylinder 12, by entering formation fluid analog module 7 after electromagnetic valve 11, then act on the rock core in formation core analog module 6, simulated formation pressure.Reversal valve 14 controls the direction of motion of pressurized cylinder 12 inner carrier, hydraulic oil enters the cavity of resorption of pressurized cylinder 12, after piston upwards to the epicoele top of pressurized cylinder 12, control reversal valve 14, shut electromagnetic valve 11, hydraulic oil acts on the epicoele top of pressurized cylinder 12, and piston moves downward, get back to the cavity of resorption low side of pressurized cylinder 12, restPose.When needing supercharging again, control reversal valve 14, make hydraulic oil enter the cavity of resorption of hydraulic cylinder 12, piston moves upward again, amplifies the output pressure of hydraulic pump 15, simulated formation pressure.Piston movement speed in flow speed control valve 13 hydraulic control cylinder 12, makes the pressure of hydraulic cylinder 12 epicoele at the uniform velocity increase, and the stability of retentively stressor layer growth, improves strata pressure control accuracy.After strata pressure is elevated to the numerical value preset, electromagnetic valve 11 can cut off the hydraulic power source of formation fluid analog module 7, and then keeps the strata pressure in formation core analog module 6.Now hydraulic pump 15 can stop operating, and saves energy.When strata pressure reduces, control system opens hydraulic pump 15 automatically, continues through formation fluid analog module 7 and provides simulated formation fluid to the rock core in formation core analog module 6, until strata pressure is close with preset value, hydraulic pump 15 shuts down again.
(5) data processing and control module
Data processing and control module gather the strata pressure signal of pressurized cylinder output by pressure sensor 8, Industrial Personal Computer (IPC) is sent into modulation treatment through A/D conversion, compare with the strata pressure numeral preset, both differences are as control signal, the output pressure of hydraulic control pump 15, the strata pressure that pressurized cylinder is exported is close or similar to the strata pressure numeral preset, and reaches the object that accurate closed loop feedback controls strata pressure.As shown in Fig. 1 the 9th part.
The function of ground data process and control module 9 is completed by an Industrial Personal Computer (IPC), comprises digital sampling and processing, control module and power management module.Wherein the operating principle of digital sampling and processing is: pressure sensor 8 gathers the strata pressure signal (namely the input pressure of strata pressure analog module 10) in formation core analog module 6, through modulate circuit shaping, A/D change-over circuit is input to after filtering, formation pressure data is transferred to digital sampling and processing after carrying out Analog-digital Converter to each channel signal by A/D change-over circuit, digital sampling and processing completes the interface of each several part circuit and the Digital Signal Processing to data, power management module manages the power supply of other module to reduce power consumption simultaneously.
The operating principle of control module is: the output pressure of Industrial Personal Computer (IPC) hydraulic control pump 15, inputs hydraulic oil to formation fluid analog module 7, and then in formation core analog module 6, simulation formation fluid pressure raises, and carrys out simulated formation pressure.Pressure sensor 8 detects the strata pressure in formation core analog module 6, compare with the strata pressure value preset, the difference produced is as the controlled quentity controlled variable of hydraulic pump 15, the output pressure of hydraulic control pump 15, and then make the output pressure of pressurized cylinder 12 close to or after reaching the strata pressure that presets, Industrial Personal Computer (IPC), according to pressurize requirement, makes hydraulic pump 15 shut down, shut electromagnetic valve 11, the strata pressure in such formation core analog module 6 keeps stable.Control system has the functions such as Auto Power On, segmentation pressurization, autostop pressurize, automatically unloading, self-compensating pressure, improves the control accuracy of strata pressure.
The use principle of strata pressure analogue means of the present invention is as follows:
As shown in Figure 5, when using strata pressure analogue means, that first will test is placed in the chamber of simulation wellbore hole 5 with brill formation pressure testing pipe nipple 30.High-temperature, high pressure fluid is had, wellbore environment that is virtually reality like reality in the pit shaft of sealing.Positioning piston 29, measuring probe 31 stretch out from brill formation pressure testing pipe nipple inside.Measuring probe 31 is connected with rock core 28, and measuring probe 31 inside produces Pressure Drop, and simulated formation fluid is flowed into by the rock core 28 in formation core analog module 6, measuring probe 31 and measures in pipe nipple 30.After pressure balance, the fluid pressure that the pressure sensor measuring pipe nipple 30 inside is measured is exactly strata pressure.Because the output strata pressure of strata pressure analogue means presets, the accuracy measuring strata pressure measured by pipe nipple 30 therefore can be judged.High temperature and high pressure environment can be designed to, for the functional reliability of thermometrically pipe nipple 30 in high temperature and high pressure environment in simulation wellbore hole 5.Meanwhile, the control algolithm with boring formation pressure testing can be developed by the reduction of research formation core analog module 6 and the formation fluid pressure measured in the measuring probe 31 of pipe nipple 30, rising and recovery, and then improve the accuracy measuring pipe nipple measurement strata pressure.
The using method of strata pressure analogue means of the present invention comprises the following steps:
(1) rock core and the formation fluid of simulated formation is chosen according to test requirements document;
(2) will be placed in simulation wellbore hole with brill formation pressure testing pipe nipple, simulation wellbore hole will be sealed;
(3) strata pressure analogue means start, data handling system and control system initialize;
(4) according to test requirements document, in Industrial Personal Computer (IPC), strata pressure value is set;
(5) to feeding electric motors, hydraulic pump turns round, and starts strata pressure analogue means;
(6) if the strata pressure that data acquisition processing system collects reaches setting value, carry out next step operation, otherwise control system continues the output pressure of adjustment hydraulic pump, until output pressure is close or reach strata pressure setting value;
(7) if need test, carry out next step operation, otherwise wait for;
(8) with boring the measuring probe backup of formation pressure testing pipe nipple to the rock core end in formation core analog module, test;
(9) be completed, with the measuring probe return boring formation pressure testing pipe nipple;
(10) if terminate this test, carry out next step operation, otherwise return step (6);
(11) strata pressure analogue means is closed;
(12) shut down;
(13) take out with brill formation pressure testing pipe nipple;
(14) data post process and explanation;
(15) device maintenance, prepares test next time.
The present invention is applied in oil-gas exploration, exploitation, realizes the ground experiment in strata pressure measurement while drilling too development process and emulation testing.Measurement while drilling strata pressure is one of technology being badly in need of in current oil drilling solving, with the complex structure boring formation pressure testing instrument, design and process technology require that high, difficulty greatly, therefore needs a set of ground installation to carry out testing and artificial debugging in R&D process.Meanwhile, entering well product also needs to carry out a large amount of tests on ground, to guarantee the reliability of instrument and to enter well safety.Concerning the stratum of some low-permeabilities, cannot reach pressure balance in the Measuring Time of regulation, complete test assignment, need mathematical model to carry out the calculating of pressure recover, analogue means of the present invention can be used as the research platform of pressure measxurement algorithm.Along with the extensive use of strata pressure measurement while drilling instrument, the present invention will play a significant role.
Technique scheme is one embodiment of the present invention, for those skilled in the art, on the basis that the invention discloses application process and principle, be easy to make various types of improvement or distortion, and the method be not limited only to described by the above-mentioned detailed description of the invention of the present invention, therefore previously described mode is just preferred, and does not have restrictive meaning.
Claims (8)
1. a strata pressure analogue means, is characterized in that: described strata pressure analogue means comprises simulation wellbore hole (5), formation core analog module (6), formation fluid analog module (7), strata pressure analog module (10), data processing and control module (9);
Described simulation wellbore hole (5) is tubular structure, described formation core analog module (6) is arranged on the wall of described simulation wellbore hole (5), the intracavity inter-connection of its one end and simulation wellbore hole (5), the other end is connected with the one end of formation fluid analog module (7); The other end of formation fluid analog module (7) is connected with strata pressure analog module (10);
Place tested with brill formation pressure testing pipe nipple in the chamber of described simulation wellbore hole (5);
Pipeline between described formation core analog module (6) and formation fluid analog module (7) is equipped with pressure sensor (8);
Pressure sensor (8) gathers the strata pressure signal in formation core analog module (6), data processing and control module (9) is sent into after A/D conversion with modulation treatment, compare with the strata pressure numeral preset, both differences are as control signal, control the output pressure of strata pressure analog module (10), the strata pressure that strata pressure analog module (10) is exported is close or similar to the strata pressure numeral preset.
2. strata pressure analogue means according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described simulation wellbore hole (5) comprises upper end cover (1), the borehole wall (2), bottom end cover (3); Upper end cover (1) is arranged on the upper surface of the borehole wall (2), bottom end cover (3) is arranged on the lower surface of the borehole wall (2), and the described borehole wall (2) has formation core analog module installing hole (4).
3. strata pressure analogue means according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described formation core analog module (6) comprises outer mount pad (24), flange (25), high pressure hydraulic fluid port (26), simulation core mount pad (27), rock core (28) and seal;
Described simulation core mount pad (27) and outer mount pad (24) are the flanged (FLGD) sleeve-like configuration in one end, rock core (28) is wrapped with seal, rock core (28) and seal are arranged in described simulation core mount pad (27) together, simulation core mount pad (27) is arranged in outer mount pad (24) again, the inner face of the flange of simulation core mount pad (27) contacts with the outer face of the flange of outer mount pad (24), the outer face of the flange of simulation core mount pad (27) contacts with flange (25), by bolt by flange (25), simulation core mount pad (27) and outer mount pad (24) are fixed together,
Described outer mount pad (24) is fixed on the borehole wall (2) of simulation wellbore hole (5), in simulation core mount pad (27) one end insert into stratum rock core analog module installing hole (4), at the center of flange (25), high pressure hydraulic fluid port (26) is installed, simulated formation fluid enters rock core (28) by high pressure hydraulic fluid port (26), then is penetrated in simulation wellbore hole (5) by rock core (28).
4. strata pressure analogue means according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described formation fluid analog module (7) is hydraulic cylinder structure, cylinder body is built with piston (19), cylinder body is divided into two chambeies by piston (19), the side of piston (19) is high-pressure and hydraulic oil pocket (18), and opposite side is simulated formation fluid cavity (20);
Have hydraulic oil inlet (17) in described high-pressure and hydraulic oil pocket (18) side, have exhaust opening (23) in high-pressure and hydraulic oil pocket (18) upper end;
Have simulated formation fluid issuing (21) in the side of described simulated formation fluid cavity (20), have simulated formation fluid-infusing port (22) in the upper end of simulated formation fluid cavity (20);
Described hydraulic oil inlet (17) is connected with strata pressure analog module (10), and described simulated formation fluid issuing (21) is connected with the high pressure hydraulic fluid port (26) on formation core analog module (6).
5. strata pressure analogue means according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described strata pressure analog module (10) comprises electromagnetic valve (11), pressurized cylinder (12), flow speed control valve (13), solenoid operated directional valve (14), hydraulic pump (15) and motor;
Motor is connected with hydraulic pump (15), first interface of solenoid operated directional valve (14) is connected with hydraulic pump (15), second interface is connected with cooler, cooler is connected with strainer, 3rd interface is communicated by the interface of bidirectional hydraulic lock with flow speed control valve (13), flow speed control valve (13) is connected with the cavity of resorption of pressurized cylinder (12), and the 4th interface is communicated with by the epicoele of bidirectional hydraulic lock with pressurized cylinder (12); The epicoele of pressurized cylinder (12) is also communicated with electromagnetic valve (11); The oil-out of hydraulic pump (15) is connected to overflow valve;
The output pressure of Industrial Personal Computer (IPC) hydraulic control pump (15).
6. strata pressure analogue means according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described seal is a Metal Inclusions, is to be wrapped in rock core (28) outward by the mode of cast, and itself and rock core (28) be closely integrated into and be integrated.
7. strata pressure analogue means according to claim 5, is characterized in that: the function of described data processing and control module (9) is completed by an Industrial Personal Computer (IPC), comprises digital sampling and processing, control module and power management module; Pressure sensor (8) gathers the strata pressure signal in formation core analog module (6), A/D change-over circuit is input to after modulate circuit shaping, filtering, formation pressure data is transferred to digital sampling and processing after carrying out Analog-digital Converter to each channel signal by A/D change-over circuit, digital sampling and processing completes the interface of each several part circuit and the Digital Signal Processing to data, and power management module manages the power supply of other module to reduce power consumption simultaneously;
The output pressure of control module hydraulic control pump (15).
8. use a method for strata pressure analogue means described in claim 5, it is characterized in that: said method comprising the steps of:
(1) rock core (28) and the formation fluid of simulated formation is chosen according to test requirements document;
(2) will be placed in simulation wellbore hole (5) with brill formation pressure testing pipe nipple, simulation wellbore hole (5) will be sealed;
(3) strata pressure analogue means start, data acquisition processing system and control system initialize;
(4) according to test requirements document, in Industrial Personal Computer (IPC), strata pressure value is set;
(5) to feeding electric motors, hydraulic pump (15) turns round, and starts strata pressure analogue means;
(6) if the strata pressure that data acquisition processing system collects reaches setting value, carry out next step operation, otherwise control system continues the output pressure of adjustment hydraulic pump (15), until output pressure is close or reach strata pressure setting value;
(7) if need test, carry out next step operation, otherwise wait for;
(8) with boring the measuring probe backup of formation pressure testing pipe nipple to rock core (28) end in formation core analog module (6), test;
(9) be completed, with the measuring probe return boring formation pressure testing pipe nipple;
(10) if terminate this test, carry out next step operation, otherwise return step (6);
(11) strata pressure analogue means is closed;
(12) shut down;
(13) take out with brill formation pressure testing pipe nipple;
(14) data post process and explanation;
(15) device maintenance, prepares test next time.
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| CN105464649B (en) * | 2014-08-26 | 2021-04-27 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Stratum pressure measuring nipple and stratum pressure simulation measuring device |
| CN104318844B (en) * | 2014-09-28 | 2017-02-15 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Stratum module mud invasion multifunctional physical simulation system |
| CN105484739B (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2018-07-06 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Pore Pressure on Carbonate Rock Formation test method and device |
| CN105863620B (en) * | 2016-05-23 | 2018-11-20 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | Mining intelligent electromagnetic measurement while drilling system |
| CN107201899A (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2017-09-26 | 张艳红 | Formation fluid pressure measurement apparatus |
| CN109812263B (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2022-05-03 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Performance testing device and method of formation pressure measuring system |
| CN108505993A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2018-09-07 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of formation pressure test physical analogy and graduation apparatus and method |
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