CN107288632B - Coal-rock reservoir drainage and production water source and pressure drop path simulation device and method - Google Patents
Coal-rock reservoir drainage and production water source and pressure drop path simulation device and method Download PDFInfo
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 109
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 109
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 81
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- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims description 22
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- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for simulating a coal-rock reservoir drainage and production water source and a pressure drop path, wherein the device comprises a sample clamping assembly, a stratum pressure simulation assembly, a fluid supply/drainage assembly and an information acquisition and control assembly; the sample clamping assembly comprises at least one group of clamps, and each group of clamps comprises a coal sample clamp and a rock sample clamp arranged above the coal sample clamp; the stratum pressure simulation assembly comprises an oil tank, an oil hydraulic pump, a flow divider, an axial pressure loading cylinder and a confining pressure loading cylinder; the fluid supply/discharge assembly comprises a liquid storage tank, a pressure pump, a quantitative liquid storage tank and a simulation well bore. The method can simulate the fluid flow in and among the rock layers in the coal-rock reservoir drainage process under different fracture development characteristics, permeability, water bearing property and combination modes, and provides scientific basis for judging water production sources and pressure propagation paths under corresponding geological conditions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of coal rock testing devices, and particularly relates to a device and a method for simulating a coal-rock reservoir drainage and production water source and a pressure drop path.
Background
When coal bed gas is developed on the ground, gas absorbed in a coal reservoir is desorbed mainly in a drainage-depressurization mode, so that the coal bed gas can be desorbed, transported and produced only when the reservoir pressure is reduced to be below the critical desorption pressure. The drainage and production of the coal-bed gas well are carried out in a three-dimensional space, and the differences of lithology, permeability, water content, thickness and the like of a coal bed and surrounding rocks cause the differences of water production sources, liquid supply capacity, effective pressure propagation distance in the coal bed and the like during the drainage and production of the coal-bed gas well, so that the gas production rate of the coal-bed gas well is finally influenced.
In order to find out the change rules of water yield, pressure propagation path and the like during the drainage and production of the coal bed methane well, coal bed methane workers in China carry out a large amount of modeling calculation on the flow of reservoir fluid in the drainage and production process of a coal reservoir by combining the drainage and production strength, the permeability of the coal reservoir and surrounding rock and comprehensively considering the influence factors such as starting pressure gradient and the like, and the pressure drop rule of the coal reservoir is mastered to a certain extent. However, the permeability, the surrounding rock lithology, the thickness of the surrounding rock, the distance between the water-bearing layer and the coal bed and the like are different, and the pressure propagation path changes variously due to the differences of the reservoir transformation effect, the drainage and production time, the drainage and production strength and the like, so that the reservoir transformation achieves the same effect as the coal bed and the surrounding rock are combined in any mode. The discharge and production pressure drop can be stably spread in the coal bed for a long distance as far as possible by controlling the discharge and production, and the problems are not clearly answered so far, so that the arrangement, the reservoir transformation, the formulation of a discharge and production scheme, the gas production prediction and the economic evaluation of the coal bed gas well under relatively complex hydrogeological conditions are blindly seen, and the development of the coal bed gas well under the geological conditions is severely restricted. Therefore, it is urgently needed to develop a device which can judge the water yield in the coal seam and the water yield in the surrounding rock in the mining process under different coal seam and surrounding rock combinations so as to provide theoretical basis for accurate prediction of pressure propagation distance and gas yield under different conditions.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a water production source identification device in a coal reservoir combined mining process under different coal seam and surrounding rock combination conditions, and aims to solve the problems that the water production source of the coal reservoir combined mining process of a coal reservoir and surrounding rock with different permeability, water content and reservoir pressure is unknown, the pressure propagation distance is unclear, and the accurate prediction of gas production is seriously influenced. The simulation device can judge the water production sources of coal reservoirs and surrounding rock reservoirs with different permeabilities and different water-containing characteristics in the drainage and mining process, different fracture forms and different drainage and mining conditions, and provides theoretical basis for pressure propagation paths under different conditions, effective pressure propagation of coal seams, accurate prediction of gas production and the like.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a coal-rock reservoir drainage and production water source and pressure drop path simulation device comprises a sample clamping assembly, a formation pressure simulation assembly, a fluid supply/drainage assembly and an information acquisition and control assembly; the sample clamping assembly comprises at least one group of clamps, and each group of clamps comprises a coal sample clamp and a rock sample clamp arranged above the coal sample clamp; the stratum pressure simulation assembly comprises an oil tank, an oil hydraulic pump, a flow divider, an axial pressure loading cylinder and a confining pressure loading cylinder; one side of the coal sample holder and one side of the rock sample holder are respectively provided with a confining pressure loading cylinder, the upper end of the rock sample holder is provided with a sealing sleeve, and an axial pressure loading cylinder is arranged at the upper end of the sealing sleeve; the inlet end of the oil pressure pump is connected to the oil tank through a pipeline, the outlet end of the oil pressure pump is connected to the inlet end of the flow divider through a pipeline, the axial pressure loading cylinder and the confining pressure loading cylinder are respectively connected to different outlet ends of the flow divider through high-pressure oil pipes, and the high-pressure oil pipes are provided with control valves and pressure gauges; the fluid supply/discharge assembly comprises a liquid storage tank, a pressure pump, a quantitative liquid storage tank and a simulation shaft, wherein the outlet end of the quantitative liquid storage tank is respectively connected to a liquid inlet of the coal sample holder and a liquid inlet of the rock sample holder through pipelines, the inlet end of the quantitative liquid storage tank is connected to the outlet end of the pressure pump through a pipeline, the inlet end of the pressure pump is connected to the liquid storage tank through a pipeline, the inlet end of the simulation shaft is connected to a liquid outlet of the coal sample holder and a liquid outlet of the rock sample holder through a pipeline, and the outlet end of the simulation shaft is provided with a liquid discharge flow regulating valve.
The coal sample clamp holder comprises a box body, a coal sample is arranged in the inner cavity of the box body, an inner rubber sleeve is sleeved on the outer wall of the coal sample, an outer rubber sleeve is sleeved on the outer side of the inner rubber sleeve, and a diversion cushion block is filled in a cavity between the inner rubber sleeve and the outer rubber sleeve; the rock sample holder comprises a box body, a rock sample is arranged in the inner cavity of the box body, an inner rubber sleeve is sleeved on the outer wall of the rock sample, an outer rubber sleeve is sleeved on the outer side of the inner rubber sleeve, and a flow guide cushion block is filled in a cavity between the inner rubber sleeve and the outer rubber sleeve.
The side wall of the inner rubber sleeve is provided with a rubber sleeve opening, and the flow guide cushion block is provided with a flow guide hole communicated with the rubber sleeve opening.
The inner wall of the box body is provided with a dovetail groove, the outer side of the outer rubber sleeve is provided with a clamping plate which is slidably penetrated in the corresponding dovetail groove, and an annular pressurizing rod is arranged between the outer rubber sleeve and the clamping plate; the confining pressure loading cylinder is arranged on one side of the box body, a pressurizing piston is arranged in an inner cavity of the confining pressure loading cylinder, the pressurizing piston is connected with a connecting rod, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected with the outer wall of the annular pressurizing rod; the clamping plate is provided with a through hole penetrating through the upper end surface and the lower end surface, a fixing pin penetrates through the through hole, and the clamping plate in the rock sample holder is connected with the clamping plate in the coal sample holder below the rock sample holder through the fixing pin.
The sample clamping assembly comprises two groups of clamps, the first group of clamps comprises a first rock sample clamp and a first coal sample clamp arranged below the first rock sample clamp, and the second group of clamps comprises a second rock sample clamp and a second coal sample clamp arranged below the second rock sample clamp; the outlet end of the pressure pump is connected with a first guide pipe and a fourth guide pipe, the first guide pipe is connected to the first rock sample holder and the second rock sample holder, and the fourth guide pipe is connected to the first coal sample holder and the second coal sample holder; a second guide pipe is connected between the first rock sample holder and the second rock sample holder, and the side wall of the first rock sample holder is connected with a third guide pipe; a fifth guide pipe is connected between the first coal sample holder and the second coal sample holder, and the side wall of the first coal sample holder is connected with a sixth guide pipe; the third guide pipe and the sixth guide pipe are connected with a tenth guide pipe, the lower end of the first rock sample holder is connected with the upper end of the first coal sample holder through an eighth guide pipe, the lower end of the second rock sample holder is connected with the upper end of the second coal sample holder through a seventh guide pipe, the seventh guide pipe and the eighth guide pipe are respectively connected with a ninth guide pipe, and the ninth guide pipe is connected with the tenth guide pipe; the pipelines of the first guide pipe, the third guide pipe, the fourth guide pipe, the sixth guide pipe and the ninth guide pipe are respectively provided with a water pressure meter; the pipelines of the third flow guide pipe, the sixth flow guide pipe and the ninth flow guide pipe are respectively provided with an electromagnetic valve; electronic flow meters are respectively arranged on the pipelines of the first flow guide pipe, the second flow guide pipe, the third flow guide pipe, the fourth flow guide pipe, the fifth flow guide pipe, the sixth flow guide pipe, the seventh flow guide pipe, the eighth flow guide pipe and the ninth flow guide pipe; and the pipelines of the seventh flow guide pipe and the eighth flow guide pipe are respectively provided with a multifunctional differential pressure valve.
A method based on a coal-rock reservoir drainage and production water source and pressure drop path simulation device comprises the following steps:
(1) Sample preparation and sealed clamping: selecting a coal mine underground coal bed and a roof rock sample, cutting and polishing the sample into a cube of 50 multiplied by 50 mm or 100 multiplied by 100 mm, tightly wrapping the sample by an inner rubber sleeve, cutting holes of 25 multiplied by 25 mm on two top surfaces and two opposite side surfaces respectively, then respectively attaching four diversion cushion blocks on four side surfaces of the sample to form a cylindrical sample, wrapping the cylindrical sample by an outer rubber sleeve, placing the sample in a corresponding holder, clamping a sealing sleeve on two bottom surfaces of the sample, and sequentially completing the manufacturing and installation of the four samples;
(2) Pipeline connection: connecting a high-pressure oil pipe with an oil pressure loading cylinder and an axial pressure loading cylinder respectively, connecting a pressure pump with a liquid storage tank through a liquid supply pipeline, connecting the liquid supply pipeline, a liquid discharge pipeline and connecting pipelines among samples to liquid inlet/outlet holes of a flow guide cushion block or a sealing sleeve respectively, and connecting an electromagnetic valve, a functional differential pressure valve, an electronic pressure gauge, an electronic flowmeter and a flow control valve with a computer connector;
(3) Carrying out formation pressure loading and tightness inspection: opening an oil tank and an oil pressure pump, injecting high-pressure oil into a flow divider, controlling the magnitude of confining pressure in an axial pressure loading cylinder and a confining pressure loading cylinder through a control valve and a pressure gauge on the flow divider, pushing a piston in the axial pressure loading cylinder to apply axial pressure to a sample by hydraulic oil, and pushing the piston in the confining pressure loading cylinder to apply confining pressure to the sample through an annular pressurizing rod by the hydraulic oil; closing all the electromagnetic valves, starting the pressure pump to inject high-pressure liquid into the pipeline, and checking that the pipeline interface has no liquid leakage phenomenon, namely, the tightness is good;
(4) Reservoir pressure and liquid supply capacity regulation: closing the liquid discharge flow regulating valve, the electromagnetic valve on the third flow guide pipe and the electromagnetic valve on the ninth flow guide pipe, opening all other valves, pressurizing the system through a pressurizing pump and a pressure gauge to ensure that the pressure in the simulated shaft reaches the liquid supply pressure of the coal bed, and closing the corresponding valve on the quantitative liquid storage tank after the volume of the quantitative liquid storage tank is regulated to a set value to simulate the total liquid supply capacity of coal-rock in the vertical direction; adjusting the supply capacity of the surrounding rock water and the coal bed water in the horizontal direction by adjusting the flow control valve;
(5) Performing discharge and mining simulation of fracturing cracks only in coal seams
Closing the electromagnetic valve on the third guide pipe and the electromagnetic valve on the ninth guide pipe, opening the electromagnetic valve on the sixth guide pipe, setting the corresponding pressure difference and the corresponding flow rate of the multifunctional differential pressure valve on the seventh guide pipe and the multifunctional differential pressure valve on the eighth guide pipe, only communicating the liquid discharge port of the first coal sample with a discharge and mining pipeline, simulating the condition that the fracturing crack is only in the coal seam by the system, controlling a liquid discharge and flow rate regulating valve by combining a shaft pressure gauge, simulating different discharge and mining strengths, recording the flow rate data of each flowmeter, and analyzing the propagation of water pressure between layers and the propagation of water pressure in each direction in the layers by the flow rate data;
(6) Drainage and mining simulation of through-layer cracks
Closing an electromagnetic valve on a ninth flow guide pipe, opening the electromagnetic valve on a third flow guide pipe and the electromagnetic valve on a sixth flow guide pipe, setting corresponding pressure difference and flow rate of a multifunctional differential pressure valve on a seventh flow guide pipe and a multifunctional differential pressure valve on an eighth flow guide pipe, communicating a liquid discharge port of the first rock sample and the first coal sample with a discharge and sampling pipeline, simulating the condition that the fracturing crack is a layer-penetrating crack by a system, and performing discharge and sampling simulation and data acquisition in the step (5);
(7) Performing discharge and mining simulation of T-shaped cracks
Closing an electromagnetic valve on a third guide pipe, opening an electromagnetic valve on a sixth guide pipe and an electromagnetic valve on a ninth guide pipe, setting corresponding pressure difference and flow rate of a multifunctional differential pressure valve on a seventh guide pipe and a multifunctional differential pressure valve on an eighth guide pipe, communicating a liquid outlet between a first coal sample and a layer with a discharge and sampling pipeline, simulating the condition that a fracture is a T-shaped seam by a system at the moment, and performing discharge and sampling simulation and data acquisition in the step (5);
(8) Repeating the above steps to complete other sample experiments
And (3) replacing coal-rock samples with different permeability, fracture development degree and lithology, repeating the steps (1) - (7), and simulating the coal-bed gas well water production source and pressure drop path with different permeability, fracture development degree and coal-rock combination types.
The invention has the advantages that:
1) By the simulation device, fluid flow in and among rock layers in the coal-rock reservoir drainage and production process under different fracture development characteristics, permeability, water content and combination modes can be simulated, and scientific basis is provided for judgment of water production sources and pressure propagation paths under corresponding geological conditions.
2) The simulation device can simulate the fluid flow in the rock stratum and between layers under different fracture shapes and different drainage and mining strengths, and provides scientific basis for judging water production sources and pressure propagation paths under corresponding development processes.
3) In the simulation device, the selection of the cube sample and the design of the flow guiding cushion block can realize the monitoring of the fluid flow condition of 4 surfaces of the coal/rock sample, achieve the aim of two-dimensional flow monitoring, and simultaneously reduce the clamping difficulty and the confining pressure loading difficulty of the cube sample.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the piping connection of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a rock sample clamping and securing system of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the deflector mat placement of the present invention;
1-a liquid supply pipeline; 2-a liquid storage tank; 3-a pressure pump; 4-a drainage pipeline; 5-simulating a wellbore; 6-a wellbore pressure gauge; 7-a pressurization control system; 8-an oil tank; 9-an oil hydraulic pump; 10-a flow divider; 11-a control valve; 12-pressure gauge; 13-high pressure oil pipe; 14-axial compression loading cylinder; 15 sealing the sleeve; 16-a gripper; 17-a rock sample; 18-rock sample II; coal sample No. 19-I; coal sample No. 20-II; 21-an information processing system; 22-information acquisition circuit; 23-liquid supply flow regulating valve; 24-liquid discharge flow regulating valve; 25-a quantitative liquid storage tank; 161-box body; 162-dovetail groove; 163-confining pressure loading cylinder; 164-annular pressure bar; 165-a flow guiding cushion block; 166-coal/rock sample; 167-a pressurizing piston; 168-inner rubber sleeve; 169-outer rubber sleeve; 165 a-guide hole; 168 a-opening the rubber sleeve;
1 a-a first draft tube, 1 b-a second draft tube, 1 c-a third draft tube, 2 a-a fourth draft tube, 2 b-a fifth draft tube, 2 c-a sixth draft tube, 3 a-a seventh draft tube, 3 b-an eighth draft tube, 3 c-a ninth draft tube and 3 d-a tenth draft tube; 112 122, 118, 128, 138-water pressure gauge; 117 127, 137-solenoid valve; 113 114, 115, 116, 119, 123, 124, 125, 126, 129, 130, 132, 134, 136, 139-electronic flow meter; 131 135-multifunctional differential pressure valve.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows: referring to fig. 1-4, the device for simulating the drainage and production water source and the pressure drop path of the coal-rock reservoir comprises a sample clamping assembly, a formation pressure simulation assembly, a fluid supply/drainage assembly and an information acquisition and control assembly.
The sample clamping assembly comprises two groups of clamping devices 16, the first group of clamping devices 16 comprises a rock sample clamping device and a coal sample clamping device arranged below the rock sample clamping device, and the second group of clamping devices 16 comprises a second rock sample clamping device and a second coal sample clamping device arranged below the second rock sample clamping device.
The formation pressure simulation assembly comprises an oil tank 8, an oil hydraulic pump 9, a flow divider 10, an axial pressure loading cylinder 14 and a confining pressure loading cylinder 163. And one side of the coal sample holder and one side of the rock sample holder are respectively provided with a confining pressure loading cylinder 163, the upper end of the rock sample holder is provided with a sealing sleeve 15, and an axial pressure loading cylinder 14 is arranged at the upper end of the sealing sleeve 15. The inlet end of the oil hydraulic pump 9 is connected to the oil tank 8 through a pipeline, the outlet end of the oil hydraulic pump 9 is connected to the inlet end of the flow divider 10 through a pipeline, the axial pressure loading cylinder 14 and the confining pressure loading cylinder 163 are respectively connected to different outlet ends of the flow divider 10 through a high-pressure oil pipe 13, and the high-pressure oil pipe 13 is provided with a control valve 11 and a pressure gauge 12. The control valve 1 can be controlled by the pressurization control system 7 to regulate the oil pressure in the high-pressure oil line 13.
The fluid supply/discharge assembly comprises a liquid storage tank 2, a pressure pump 3, a quantitative liquid storage tank 25 and a simulation shaft 5, wherein the outlet end of the quantitative liquid storage tank 25 is respectively connected to a liquid inlet of a coal sample holder and a liquid inlet of a rock sample holder through pipelines, the inlet end of the quantitative liquid storage tank 25 is connected to the outlet end of the pressure pump 3 through pipelines, the inlet end of the pressure pump 3 is connected to the liquid storage tank 2 through pipelines, the inlet end of the simulation shaft 5 is connected to a liquid outlet of the coal sample holder and a liquid outlet of the rock sample holder through pipelines, and the outlet end of the simulation shaft 5 is provided with a liquid discharge flow regulating valve 24.
The coal sample holder comprises a box body 161, a coal sample is arranged in an inner cavity of the box body 161, an inner rubber sleeve 168 is sleeved on the outer wall of the coal sample, an outer rubber sleeve 169 is sleeved on the outer side of the inner rubber sleeve 168, and a flow guide cushion block 165 is filled in a cavity between the inner rubber sleeve 168 and the outer rubber sleeve 169. The rock sample holder comprises a box body 161, a rock sample is arranged in an inner cavity of the box body 161, an inner rubber sleeve 168 is sleeved on the outer wall of the rock sample, an outer rubber sleeve 169 is sleeved on the outer side of the inner rubber sleeve 168, and a flow guide cushion block 165 is filled in a cavity between the inner rubber sleeve 168 and the outer rubber sleeve 169. The side wall of the inner rubber sleeve 168 is provided with a rubber sleeve opening 168a, and the diversion cushion block 165 is provided with a diversion hole 165a communicated with the rubber sleeve opening 168 a. The inner wall of the box body 161 is provided with a dovetail groove 162, the outer side of the outer rubber sleeve 169 is provided with a clamping plate which is slidably inserted in the corresponding dovetail groove 162, and an annular pressurizing rod 164 is arranged between the outer rubber sleeve 169 and the clamping plate. The confining pressure loading cylinder 163 is arranged at one side of the box body 161, a pressurizing piston 167 is arranged in the inner cavity of the confining pressure loading cylinder 163, the pressurizing piston 167 is connected with a connecting rod, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected with the outer wall of the annular pressurizing rod 164. The cardboard is equipped with the through-hole that link up from top to bottom terminal surface, wears to be equipped with the fixed pin in the through-hole, and the cardboard in the rock sample holder and the coal sample holder of its below pass through the fixed pin and connect.
The outlet end of the pressure pump 3 is connected with a first guide pipe 1a and a fourth guide pipe 2a, the first guide pipe 1a is connected to a first rock sample holder and a second rock sample holder, and the fourth guide pipe 2a is connected to a first coal sample holder and a second coal sample holder. A second guide pipe 1b is further connected between the first rock sample holder and the second rock sample holder, and the side wall of the first rock sample holder is connected with a third guide pipe 1c. A fifth guide pipe 2b is connected between the first coal sample holder and the second coal sample holder, and a sixth guide pipe 2c is connected to the side wall of the first coal sample holder. The third draft tube 1c and the sixth draft tube 2c are both connected with the tenth draft tube 3 d. The lower end of the first rock sample holder is connected with the upper end of the first coal sample holder through an eighth guide pipe 3b, the lower end of the second rock sample holder is connected with the upper end of the second coal sample holder through a seventh guide pipe 3a, the seventh guide pipe 3a and the eighth guide pipe 3b are respectively connected with a ninth guide pipe 3c, and the ninth guide pipe 3c is connected with a tenth guide pipe 3 d. And the pipelines of the first guide pipe 1a, the third guide pipe 1c, the fourth guide pipe 2a, the sixth guide pipe 2c and the ninth guide pipe 3c are respectively provided with a water pressure meter 6. The pipelines of the third draft tube 1c, the sixth draft tube 2c and the ninth draft tube 3c are respectively provided with an electromagnetic valve. And the pipelines of the first draft tube 1a, the second draft tube 1b, the third draft tube 1c, the fourth draft tube 2a, the fifth draft tube 2b, the sixth draft tube 2c, the seventh draft tube 3a, the eighth draft tube 3b and the ninth draft tube 3c are respectively provided with an electronic flowmeter. The pipelines of the seventh guide pipe 3a and the eighth guide pipe 3b are respectively provided with a multifunctional differential pressure valve.
The second embodiment: a method based on a coal-rock reservoir drainage and production water source and pressure drop path simulation device comprises the following steps:
1) Sample preparation and sealing clamping
The method comprises the steps of selecting samples of a coal mine underground coal bed and a coal mine roof, cutting and polishing the samples into cubes of 50 multiplied by 50 mm (or 100 multiplied by 100 mm) (samples with corresponding specifications can be prepared according to experiment requirements), wrapping the samples tightly by using a heat-shrinkable rubber sleeve, cutting holes of 25 multiplied by 25 mm on two top surfaces and two opposite side surfaces respectively, then respectively attaching 4 diversion cushion blocks 165 to 4 side surfaces of the samples to form a cylindrical sample, wrapping the cylindrical sample by using the rubber sleeve, placing the sample in a clamp holder 16, clamping a sealing sleeve 15 on two bottom surfaces of the sample, and sequentially completing the manufacturing and installation of the four samples.
2) Pipe line connection
The high-pressure oil pipe 13 is respectively connected with the confining pressure loading cylinder 163 and the axial pressure loading cylinder 14, the pressure pump 3 is connected with the liquid storage tank 2 through a liquid supply pipeline, the liquid supply pipeline, a liquid discharge pipeline and a connecting pipeline between samples are respectively connected to a liquid inlet/outlet hole of the flow guide cushion block 165 or the sealing sleeve 15, and the electromagnetic valve, the functional differential pressure valve, the electronic pressure gauge, the electronic flow meter and the flow control valve are connected with a computer connector.
3) Formation pressure loading and seal check
The oil tank 8 and the oil pressure pump 9 are opened, high-pressure oil is injected into the flow divider 10, the control valve and the pressure gauge on the flow divider 10 are used for controlling the magnitude of confining pressure in the axial pressure loading cylinder 14 and the confining pressure loading cylinder 163, the hydraulic oil pushes the piston in the axial pressure loading cylinder 14 to apply axial pressure to the sample, and the hydraulic oil pushes the piston in the confining pressure loading cylinder 163 to apply confining pressure to the sample through the annular pressurizing rod 164. And closing all the electromagnetic valves, starting the booster pump 3 to inject high-pressure liquid into the pipeline, and checking that the pipeline interface has no liquid leakage phenomenon, namely, the tightness is good.
4) Reservoir pressure and fluid supply capacity regulation
And closing the liquid discharge flow regulating valve 24 and the electromagnetic valves 137 and 117, opening all other valves, pressurizing the system by using the pressurizing pump 3 to ensure that the pressure in the simulated shaft 5 reaches the liquid supply pressure of the coal seam, and closing corresponding valves on the quantitative liquid storage tank 25 after the volume of the quantitative liquid storage tank 25 is regulated to a set value to simulate the total liquid supply capacity of the coal-rock in the vertical direction. And adjusting the supply capacity of the surrounding rock water and the coal bed water in the horizontal direction by the flow control valve.
5) Performing discharge and mining simulation of fracturing cracks only in coal seams
The electromagnetic valves 117, 133 and 137 are closed, the electromagnetic valve 127 is opened, the corresponding pressure difference and the corresponding flow rate of the multifunctional differential pressure valves 131 and 135 are set through a control system, only the liquid discharge port of the first coal sample 19 is communicated with a drainage and mining pipeline, at the moment, the system simulates the condition that a fracturing crack is only in a coal seam, the drainage and mining strength is simulated by controlling the drainage and flow rate regulating valve 24 through combining the shaft pressure gauge 6, the flow rate data of each flowmeter is recorded, and the propagation of water pressure between layers and the propagation of water pressure in all directions in the layers are analyzed through the flow rate data.
6) Drainage and mining simulation of through-layer cracks
Closing the electromagnetic valves 137 and 133, opening the electromagnetic valves 127 and 117, setting corresponding pressure difference and flow rate of the multifunctional differential pressure valves 131 and 135 through a control system, communicating the liquid discharge ports of the first rock sample 17 and the first coal sample 19 with a discharge and sampling pipeline, simulating the condition that the fracturing crack is a cross-layer crack by the system, and performing discharge and sampling simulation and data acquisition in the step 5.
7) Performing discharge and mining simulation of T-shaped cracks
And (3) closing the electromagnetic valve 117, opening the electromagnetic valves 127, 133 and 137, setting corresponding pressure difference and flow rate of the multifunctional differential pressure valves 131 and 135 through a control system, communicating the first coal sample 19 with the drainage port and the drainage and mining pipeline between layers, simulating the condition that the fracture is a T-shaped fracture by the system at the moment, and performing drainage and mining simulation and data acquisition in the step 5.
8) Repeating the above steps to complete other sample experiments
And (3) replacing coal-rock samples with different permeability, fracture development degree and lithology, repeating the steps 1-7, and simulating the coal-bed gas well water production sources and pressure drop paths with different permeability, fracture development degree and coal-rock combination types.
The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solutions of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention defined by the claims.
Claims (3)
1. A simulation method of a coal-rock reservoir drainage and production water source and pressure drop path simulation device is characterized in that: the device comprises a sample clamping assembly, a formation pressure simulation assembly, a fluid supply/discharge assembly and an information acquisition and control assembly; the sample clamping assembly comprises at least one group of clamps, and each group of clamps comprises a coal sample clamp and a rock sample clamp arranged above the coal sample clamp; the stratum pressure simulation assembly comprises an oil tank, an oil hydraulic pump, a flow divider, an axial pressure loading cylinder and a confining pressure loading cylinder; one side of the coal sample holder and one side of the rock sample holder are respectively provided with a confining pressure loading cylinder, the upper end of the rock sample holder is provided with a sealing sleeve, and an axial pressure loading cylinder is arranged at the upper end of the sealing sleeve; the inlet end of the oil pressure pump is connected to the oil tank through a pipeline, the outlet end of the oil pressure pump is connected to the inlet end of the flow divider through a pipeline, the axial pressure loading cylinder and the confining pressure loading cylinder are respectively connected to different outlet ends of the flow divider through high-pressure oil pipes, and the high-pressure oil pipes are provided with control valves and pressure gauges; the fluid supply/discharge assembly comprises a liquid storage tank, a pressure pump, a quantitative liquid storage tank and a simulation shaft, wherein the outlet end of the quantitative liquid storage tank is respectively connected to the liquid inlet of the coal sample holder and the liquid inlet of the rock sample holder through pipelines; the coal sample clamp holder comprises a box body, a coal sample is arranged in an inner cavity of the box body, an inner rubber sleeve is sleeved on the outer wall of the coal sample, an outer rubber sleeve is sleeved on the outer side of the inner rubber sleeve, and a flow guide cushion block is filled in a cavity between the inner rubber sleeve and the outer rubber sleeve; the rock sample holder comprises a box body, a rock sample is arranged in the inner cavity of the box body, an inner rubber sleeve is sleeved on the outer wall of the rock sample, an outer rubber sleeve is sleeved on the outer side of the inner rubber sleeve, and a diversion cushion block is filled in a cavity between the inner rubber sleeve and the outer rubber sleeve; the sample clamping assembly comprises two groups of clamps, the first group of clamps comprises a first rock sample clamp and a first coal sample clamp arranged below the first rock sample clamp, and the second group of clamps comprises a second rock sample clamp and a second coal sample clamp arranged below the second rock sample clamp; the outlet end of the pressure pump is connected with a first guide pipe and a fourth guide pipe, the first guide pipe is connected to the first rock sample holder and the second rock sample holder, and the fourth guide pipe is connected to the first coal sample holder and the second coal sample holder; a second guide pipe is connected between the first rock sample holder and the second rock sample holder, and the side wall of the first rock sample holder is connected with a third guide pipe; a fifth guide pipe is connected between the first coal sample holder and the second coal sample holder, and the side wall of the first coal sample holder is connected with a sixth guide pipe; the third guide pipe and the sixth guide pipe are connected with a tenth guide pipe, the lower end of the first rock sample holder is connected with the upper end of the first coal sample holder through an eighth guide pipe, the lower end of the second rock sample holder is connected with the upper end of the second coal sample holder through a seventh guide pipe, the seventh guide pipe and the eighth guide pipe are respectively connected with a ninth guide pipe, and the ninth guide pipe is connected with the tenth guide pipe; the pipelines of the first guide pipe, the third guide pipe, the fourth guide pipe, the sixth guide pipe and the ninth guide pipe are respectively provided with a water pressure meter; the pipelines of the third flow guide pipe, the sixth flow guide pipe and the ninth flow guide pipe are respectively provided with an electromagnetic valve; electronic flow meters are respectively arranged on the pipelines of the first flow guide pipe, the second flow guide pipe, the third flow guide pipe, the fourth flow guide pipe, the fifth flow guide pipe, the sixth flow guide pipe, the seventh flow guide pipe, the eighth flow guide pipe and the ninth flow guide pipe; the pipelines of the seventh flow guide pipe and the eighth flow guide pipe are respectively provided with a multifunctional differential pressure valve;
the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Sample preparation and sealing clamping: selecting a coal mine underground coal bed and a roof rock sample, cutting and polishing the sample into a cube of 50 multiplied by 50 mm or 100 multiplied by 100 mm, tightly wrapping the sample by using an inner rubber sleeve, then respectively cutting holes of 25 multiplied by 25 mm on two top surfaces and two opposite side surfaces, then respectively attaching four diversion cushion blocks on four side surfaces of the sample to form a cylindrical sample, wrapping the cylindrical sample by using an outer rubber sleeve, placing the sample in a corresponding clamp holder, clamping a sealing sleeve on two bottom surfaces of the sample, and sequentially completing the manufacturing and installation of the four samples;
(2) Pipeline connection: connecting a high-pressure oil pipe with an oil pressure loading cylinder and an axial pressure loading cylinder respectively, connecting a pressure pump with a liquid storage tank through a liquid supply pipeline, connecting the liquid supply pipeline, a liquid discharge pipeline and connecting pipelines among samples to liquid inlet/outlet holes of a flow guide cushion block or a sealing sleeve respectively, and connecting an electromagnetic valve, a functional differential pressure valve, an electronic pressure gauge, an electronic flowmeter and a flow control valve with a computer connector;
(3) Carrying out formation pressure loading and tightness inspection: opening an oil tank and an oil pressure pump, injecting high-pressure oil into a flow divider, controlling the magnitude of confining pressure in an axial pressure loading cylinder and a confining pressure loading cylinder through a control valve and a pressure gauge on the flow divider, pushing a piston in the axial pressure loading cylinder to apply axial pressure to a sample by hydraulic oil, and pushing the piston in the confining pressure loading cylinder to apply confining pressure to the sample through an annular pressurizing rod by the hydraulic oil; closing all the electromagnetic valves, starting the pressure pump to inject high-pressure liquid into the pipeline, and checking that the pipeline interface has no liquid leakage phenomenon, namely, the tightness is good;
(4) Reservoir pressure and liquid supply capacity regulation: closing the liquid discharge flow regulating valve, the electromagnetic valve on the third flow guide pipe and the electromagnetic valve on the ninth flow guide pipe, opening all other valves, pressurizing the system through a pressurizing pump and a pressure gauge to ensure that the pressure in the simulated shaft reaches the liquid supply pressure of the coal bed, and closing the corresponding valve on the quantitative liquid storage tank after the volume of the quantitative liquid storage tank is regulated to a set value to simulate the total liquid supply capacity of coal-rock in the vertical direction; adjusting the supply capacity of the surrounding rock water and the coal bed water in the horizontal direction by adjusting the flow control valve;
(5) Performing discharge and mining simulation of fracturing cracks only in coal seams
Closing the electromagnetic valve on the third guide pipe and the electromagnetic valve on the ninth guide pipe, opening the electromagnetic valve on the sixth guide pipe, setting the corresponding pressure difference and the corresponding flow rate of the multifunctional differential pressure valve on the seventh guide pipe and the multifunctional differential pressure valve on the eighth guide pipe, only communicating the liquid discharge port of the first coal sample with a discharge and mining pipeline, simulating the condition that the fracturing crack is only in the coal seam by the system, controlling a liquid discharge and flow rate regulating valve by combining a shaft pressure gauge, simulating different discharge and mining strengths, recording the flow rate data of each flowmeter, and analyzing the propagation of water pressure between layers and the propagation of water pressure in each direction in the layers by the flow rate data;
(6) Production and drainage simulation of through-layer cracks
Closing the electromagnetic valve on the ninth flow guide pipe, opening the electromagnetic valve on the third flow guide pipe and the electromagnetic valve on the sixth flow guide pipe, setting the corresponding pressure difference and the corresponding flow rate of the multifunctional differential pressure valve on the seventh flow guide pipe and the multifunctional differential pressure valve on the eighth flow guide pipe, communicating the liquid discharge ports of the first rock sample and the first coal sample with a discharge and sampling pipeline, simulating the condition that the fracturing crack is a through-layer crack by the system at the moment, and performing the discharge and sampling simulation and data acquisition in the step (5);
(7) Performing discharge and mining simulation of T-shaped cracks
Closing the electromagnetic valve on the third flow guide pipe, opening the electromagnetic valve on the sixth flow guide pipe and the electromagnetic valve on the ninth flow guide pipe, setting the corresponding pressure difference and the corresponding flow rate of the multifunctional differential pressure valve on the seventh flow guide pipe and the multifunctional differential pressure valve on the eighth flow guide pipe, communicating the liquid discharge port between the first coal sample and the layer with a discharge and sampling pipeline, simulating the condition that the fracture is a T-shaped seam by the system at the moment, and performing the discharge and sampling simulation and data acquisition in the step (5);
(8) Repeating the above steps to complete other sample experiments
And (3) replacing coal-rock samples with different permeability, fracture development degree and lithology, repeating the steps (1) - (7), and simulating the coal-bed gas well water production source and pressure drop path with different permeability, fracture development degree and coal-rock combination types.
2. The simulation method of the coal-rock reservoir drainage and production water source and pressure drop path simulation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the side wall of the inner rubber sleeve is provided with a rubber sleeve opening, and the flow guide cushion block is provided with a flow guide hole communicated with the rubber sleeve opening.
3. The simulation method of the coal-rock reservoir drainage and production water source and pressure drop path simulation apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: the inner wall of the box body is provided with a dovetail groove, the outer side of the outer rubber sleeve is provided with a clamping plate which is slidably penetrated in the corresponding dovetail groove, and an annular pressurizing rod is arranged between the outer rubber sleeve and the clamping plate; the confining pressure loading cylinder is arranged on one side of the box body, a pressurizing piston is arranged in an inner cavity of the confining pressure loading cylinder, the pressurizing piston is connected with a connecting rod, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected with the outer wall of the annular pressurizing rod; the cardboard is equipped with the through-hole that link up from top to bottom terminal surface, wears to be equipped with the fixed pin in the through-hole, and the cardboard in the rock sample holder and the coal sample holder of its below pass through the fixed pin and connect.
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| CN108316916B (en) * | 2018-01-15 | 2021-03-26 | 河南理工大学 | Discharge and production pressure drop control simulation test method under different coal reservoir conditions |
| CN108843297B (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2020-03-20 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Locking energization simulation device and method for tight reservoir volume fracturing fracture |
| CN109142128B (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2021-04-27 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Dynamic scaling simulation experiment method and device for underground production equipment of ASP flooding oil well |
| CN109296353B (en) * | 2018-09-13 | 2022-03-15 | 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 | Multi-dimensional experimental device for coal bed gas drainage and mining research and using method thereof |
| CN109488284B (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2022-03-18 | 中海油能源发展股份有限公司 | Simulation test device for water pressure propagation distance in drainage and production process of coal bed gas vertical well |
| CN109736787B (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2022-09-30 | 中联煤层气有限责任公司 | Simulation test method for water pressure propagation distance in drainage and production process of coal bed gas vertical well |
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