CN201654010U - Plugging tester - Google Patents
Plugging tester Download PDFInfo
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- CN201654010U CN201654010U CN 200920034380 CN200920034380U CN201654010U CN 201654010 U CN201654010 U CN 201654010U CN 200920034380 CN200920034380 CN 200920034380 CN 200920034380 U CN200920034380 U CN 200920034380U CN 201654010 U CN201654010 U CN 201654010U
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- tube
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- fill out
- out sand
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a plugging tester which comprises a pressurizing connector at the opening of an upper pressure head; an upper sleeve is arranged outside the upper pressure head; the upper pressure head is connected with a high-pressure slurry tube, the high-pressure slurry tube is connected with a sand filling tube, and the lower part of the sand filling tube is connected with a drainage tube; the sand filling tube simulates different types of thief zones by being provided with crack simulating steel blocks with different cut seam sizes or river sand with different meshes, and tested slurry sample is added into the high-pressure slurry tube; the high-pressure slurry tube, the sand filling tube and the drainage tube are fixed in a rubber tube; after ring crush is applied to the rubber sleeve, the pressurizing connector at the opening of the upper pressure head applies regulated axial pressure to push the slurry into the simulated thief zones, and the plugging performance of the slurry sample can be determined by determining the slurry amount leaked from the simulated thief zones and the pressure bearing strength; and the plugging tester is characterized by simple structure, low cost, convenient operation, small used amount of tested slurry and short testing time.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to the deep drilling exploration technical field, is specifically related to a kind of plugging test instrument.
Background technology
In the drilling process of deep-well, complicated well, leakage is a technical barrier of the efficient drilling well of puzzlement safe and high quality always.For solving the leakage problem, carried out a large amount of leakage stopping technology research work both at home and abroad.
Because the leak stopping process is sightless, for improving the feasibility and the plugging effect of leak-stopping technique, must simulate subsurface environment and leakage channel by instrument, the plugging effect of checking lost circulation material, optimize suitable leak-proof leak-stopping material, the test basis of science is provided for the improvement and the optimization of leak stopping scheme.No matter be research leak stopping mechanism or formulation leakage stopping technology scheme, all must carry out a large amount of simulation tests, the quality of test method and device is directly connected to the success or failure of leakage stopping technology research.Therefore, the research of the evaluation method and device of leakage stopping technology is the important foundation work of leakage stopping technology research.The leak-proof leak-stopping practice of drilling engineering shows that the research of leakage stopping technology evaluation method and test unit itself also is a difficult point of leakage stopping technology research.
Common several shutoff experimental evaluation instruments have following several:
One, JLX-dynamic plugging test instrument.Form by screw pump, leakage assembly and supercharging device.As long as change the part parts of missing in the assembly, just can carry out the test of crack and permeability loss during experiment, the axle of changing in the leakage assembly of packing into can obtain 1.31m/s and two kinds of flow velocitys of 2.6m/s.The leakage assembly mainly is made up of the internal lining pipe that has slot, outer liner tube and axle with holes, fills sand and can simulate the seepage stratum in interior outer liner tube annular space, and the replacing axle can be simulated different well drilling fluids and return speed.When changing two bushing pipes the filter block of band man-made fracture into, leakage and plugging effect that can the simulation fracture stratum.
Two, the portable leak stopping instrument of BDY-1.By high-pressure slurry cup, simulation drop ply, source of the gas, regulator, receive fluid cylinder etc. together with valve rod, buffering up and down and form.Can simulate height ooze, in ooze, hypotonic or crack etc., under the different pressures gradient effect, the leak stopping slurry is pushed simulate to drop ply, estimate plugging effect by what and the shutoff time length that reclaim the leak stopping slurry.Drop ply is simulated by the silica sand of different-grain diameter.
Three, drilling leakage blockage simulation test unit.Its simulation down-hole drop ply condition, test leakage-stop liquid performance is estimated plugging effect.Form by test solution container, ball valve, pipeline and test cup etc.It is characterized in that: the test cup is round barrel shape, and inlet is arranged at top, and outage is arranged at the bottom.Horizontal, longitudinally cutting test assembly are installed respectively in the cup.The transverse cross sectional test assembly is made up of a plurality of modules, and the longitudinally cutting test assembly is made up of 2 semicircle modules.O-ring seal is arranged around the module.After finishing test with the transverse cross sectional test assembly, module is separated, observe the state of lost circulation material on each module.After finishing test with the longitudinally cutting test assembly, module separately, the bridge material state in the Observation Blocks bellmouth.More near the down-hole drop ply situation, test findings has more representativeness to module.
Four, a kind of drilling leakage blockage simulation test unit.It is a kind of drilling leakage blockage simulation test unit in the drilling technique field, comprise the lower shell and the upper shell that are tightly connected, the lower shell lower end is provided with lower end cap, the upper shell upper end is provided with upper plug head, lower end cap is provided with fluid hole, upper plug head is provided with inlet opening, is provided with upper filter screen between the inner chamber of lower shell and upper shell, is provided with lower filter screen between the inner chamber of lower shell and the lower end cap; The sidewall of lower shell is provided with two groups of visual windows transparent and staggered 90 ° of settings, and visual windows covers the cylinder section between lower filter screen and the upper filter screen.During use, by gathering each phase parameter that filter loss and pressure parameter calculate drilling fluid, lost circulation material enters the degree of depth of simulation core and directly observes by window, also can trip out the simulation core and cut observation.Can carry out the drilling leakage blockage test, the formation damage test evaluation of full diameter simulation core, PT test evaluation, reservoir protection test etc.
Five, intelligent high-temperature high-voltage experimental instrument for dynamic leak stopping evaluation.It is made up of source of the gas, steam piano, piston high-temperature high-pressure slurry jar, a steel ball leakage bed clamper, seam plate clamper, core holding unit, flowmeter, electronic balance, ring press pump, back pressure controller, liquid circulating pipe road, control line, data acquisition unit and computing machine and printer etc.It is by the drilling fluid that adds lost circulation additive in the mud tank and well completion fluid under the condition of simulated formation temperature, pressure, flow velocity, by the entry well fluid in the steam piano driven plunger formula High Temperature High Pressure mud tank, it is leak stopping infringement experiment that steel ball leakage bed, artificial seam plate and formation core are carried out the people, and is implemented in the plugging effect of lost circulation material in indoor liquid of appraisal drilling correctly and the well completion fluid.Thereby optimize the drilling fluid and the completion fluid system that satisfy protection hydrocarbon zone needs.
In addition, also have the different weak zones of its various simulations to carry out the device that plugging effect is estimated, as DLM201 type leakage blockage simulation device etc.Annual both at home and abroad also have many patents of invention in this respect to produce.But, the complexity that operates that these instruments have, cost is too high, is unfavorable for promoting; What have can only simulate a kind of drop ply, and limitation is too strong during use.Overwhelming majority's analog depths are not enough, and the leakage thickness of present glass bead form is generally less than 5 centimetres, and lost circulation material is difficult in and forms high strength gathering shutoff band, the distortion of leak stopping evaluation effect in time hobbing depth under a lot of situations; Adopt aperture plate or glass pellet simulation leakage stratum, do not consider the complexity in formation rock hole and crack and the rerum natura on stratum, as the imbibition characteristic of rock, wetting state, surfaceness, friction factor etc.; Can not survey the reverse pressure-bearing ability of leak stopping wall.
Instrument in sum has following shortcoming: 1. its structure is too complicated, inconvenience operates, it is excessive that too Fu Za structure also makes cost, limited its widespread use, repair also inconvenient, need simultaneously to prepare a large amount of drilling fluids and lost circulation additive, be not suitable for carrying out great deal of experimental work; 2. formation physical parameters such as zone permeability and factor of porosity can't real simulation, and the analog distortion degree is bigger, thereby makes the plugging effect distortion; 3. simulate drop ply with module combinations, differ too big, can accurately not estimate plugging effect with true stratum; 4. Mo Ni depth of stratum is too shallow, and lost circulation material is difficult to pile up, and makes the plugging effect distortion; 5. can not survey the reverse pressure-bearing ability after the leak stopping; 6. efficiency of measurement is too low, can only measure four or five data in one day at most, and structure is still comparatively complicated, and it is too many to consume mud when doing experiment, and 700-800ml mud.In addition, the data reappearance that most shutoff evaluation appts commonly used is both at home and abroad measured is poor, and the result of each test is difficult to coincide.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of plugging test instrument, can simulate high and low permeability formation and fractured leakage stratum preferably, data reappearance is good, have simple in structure, with low cost, easy to operate, test slurry consumption is little, the characteristics that can carry out a large amount of experiment works in the short time.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted in the utility model is: a kind of plugging test instrument, include and add crimp head 1, add the oral area that crimp head 1 is arranged on seaming chuck 4, the outside of seaming chuck 4 is provided with inner sleeve 2, the last inner sleeve 2 outer upper bushes 3 that are provided with, the bottom of seaming chuck 4 links to each other with high-pressure slurry tube 8, high-pressure slurry tube 8 links to each other with fill out sand tube 10 again, in fill out sand tube 10, put into results of fracture simulation bloom with different slot size, or insert natural river sand become the simulation drop ply 11, the bottom of fill out sand tube 10 links to each other with discharging tube 12; Periphery at seaming chuck 4, high-pressure slurry tube 8, fill out sand tube 10 and discharging tube 12 is provided with rubber tube 6; Be provided with urceolus 5 outside the rubber tube 6, be provided with ring between rubber tube 6 and the urceolus 5 and press cavity 7, ring is pressed cavity 7 to be provided with and is encircled crimping mouth 9; The periphery, bottom of discharging tube 12 also is provided with down inner sleeve 14, and the following inner sleeve 14 outer lower sleeves 13 that are provided with, following inner sleeve 14 and lower sleeve 13 are connected by pipe thread, and the end opening place of discharging tube 12 is provided with the bottom and locks plug screw 15.
Described fill out sand tube 10 bottoms are connected with discharging tube 12 by screw thread, high-pressure slurry tube 8 is connected with outer step 17 by interior step 16 with fill out sand tube 10, make discharging tube 12, fill out sand tube 10 as a whole with 8 one-tenth in high-pressure slurry tube, by last inner sleeve 2, seaming chuck 4 and following inner sleeve 14 unit construction fixedly is in the packing element 6 in the instrument, and by packing element 6 being applied the existing circumferential seal to unit construction of ring compacting.
Described high-pressure slurry tube 8 is that external diameter is 35～40mm, and internal diameter is 25～35mm, and length is 125～130mm, the stainless-steel pipe of step 16 in an end is provided with.
Described fill out sand tube 10 is that external diameter is 35～40mm, and internal diameter is 25～35mm, and length is 125～130mm, and an end is provided with outer step 17, is 26～30mm and the other end is provided with diameter, and length is the stainless-steel pipe of 10～16mm internal thread screw thread.
Described discharging tube 12 is that to be provided with diameter be that 26～30mm, length are 10～16mm external thread screw thread to an end, the interlude external diameter is 35～40mm, length is 18～22mm, and the other end is that external diameter is that 18～22mm, length are the stainless steel right cylinder of 78～84mm, and the central passage diameter is 5～10mm.
The thickness of described simulation drop ply 11 is 10～40mm.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are: because high-pressure slurry tube 8, fill out sand tube 10 and discharging tube 12 interconnect by step and screw thread, make the apparatus structure compactness, easy to operate, the test specimen consumption is little. and combinations thereof is fixed in the packing element 6 in the instrument unit construction by last inner sleeve 2, seaming chuck 4 and following inner sleeve 14, and by packing element 6 being applied the existing circumferential seal of ring compacting to unit construction, so it is good to have circumferential seal, can bear than high test pressures, test figure is than characteristic of accurate.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a cut-open view of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is the cut-open view of high-pressure slurry tube of the present utility model.
Fig. 3 is the cut-open view of fill out sand tube of the present utility model.
Fig. 4 is the cut-open view of discharging tube of the present utility model.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing structural principle of the present utility model and principle of work are described in further detail.
Referring to accompanying drawing, a kind of plugging test instrument, include and add crimp head 1, add the oral area that crimp head 1 is arranged on seaming chuck 4, the outside of seaming chuck 4 is provided with inner sleeve 2, the last inner sleeve 2 outer upper bushes 3 (connecting by pipe thread each other) that are provided with, the bottom of seaming chuck 4 links to each other with high-pressure slurry tube 8, high-pressure slurry tube 8 interconnects by interior step 16 and outer step 17 with fill out sand tube 10 again, be provided with simulation drop ply 11 (the simulation drop ply is the bloom of different slot size or the river sand of different meshes) in the fill out sand tube 10, the thickness of simulation drop ply 11 is 10～40mm; Fill out sand tube 10 bottoms are connected with discharging tube 12 by screw thread, make discharging tube 12, fill out sand tube 10 as a whole with 8 one-tenth in high-pressure slurry tube; Periphery at seaming chuck 4, high-pressure slurry tube 8, fill out sand tube 10 and discharging tube 12 is provided with rubber tube 6, is provided with urceolus 5 outside the rubber tube 6, is provided with ring between rubber tube 6 and the urceolus 5 and presses cavity 7, and ring is pressed cavity 7 to be provided with and encircled crimping mouth 9; The periphery, bottom of discharging tube 12 also is provided with down inner sleeve 14, the following inner sleeve 14 outer lower sleeves 13 (connecting by pipe thread each other) that are provided with; By last inner sleeve 2, seaming chuck 4 and following inner sleeve 14 unit construction is fixed in the packing element 6 in the instrument, and by packing element 6 being applied the existing circumferential seal to unit construction of ring compacting; The end opening place of discharging tube 12 is provided with bottom locking plug screw 15.
Referring to Fig. 2, high-pressure slurry tube 8 is that external diameter is 35～40mm, and internal diameter is 25～35mm, and length is 125～130mm, the stainless-steel pipe of step 16 in an end is provided with.
Referring to Fig. 3, fill out sand tube 10 is that external diameter is 35～40mm, internal diameter is 25～35mm, length is 125～130mm, one end is provided with outer step 17, outer step 17 be for high-pressure slurry tube 8 on interior step 16 match, be that 26～30mm, length are the stainless-steel pipe of 10～16mm internal thread screw thread and the other end is provided with diameter.
Referring to Fig. 4, one end of discharging tube 12 is that diameter is 26～30mm, length is the external thread screw thread 18 of 10～16mm, internal thread screw thread on external thread screw thread 18 and the fill out sand tube 10 matches, the interlude external diameter is 35～40mm, and length is 18～22mm, and the other end is that external diameter is 18～22mm, length is the stainless steel right cylinder of 78～84mm, and the central passage diameter is 5～10mm.
Principle of work of the present utility model is:
(1) fill out sand tube 10 is weak zone analog components of leak stopping evaluation test instrument, can simulate the porosity weak zone of different aperture degree and the fractured leakage layer of different size.Wherein the permeability loss layer is simulated with the natural river sand of different meshes, and the fractured leakage layer is simulated with the bloom of different slot size.Earlier the fill out sand tube bottom is linked together by screw thread and discharging tube 12 before the test, put into results of fracture simulation bloom then, or insert the natural river sand of certain order number, become simulation drop ply 11 with different slot size.
(2) high-pressure slurry tube 8 and fill out sand tube top 10 are linked together by step, make discharging tube 12, fill out sand tube 10 as a whole with 8 one-tenth in high-pressure slurry tube.Unit construction is put into instrument from the bottom integral body of instrument urceolus, will play inner sleeve 14 to be screwed into suitable position simultaneously, make unit construction be positioned at the packing element 6 of instrument.
(3) allow the evaluation test instrument keep plumbness, carefully put into the test slurry of prescribed volume (150ml) by addition funnel.
(4) screw inner sleeve 2 and play inner sleeve 14 simultaneously and will go up the unit construction of inner ram and high-pressure slurry tube, fill out sand tube and discharging tube composition and be pressed abd fixed in the packing element 6 of evaluation test instrument, close the outlet valve 15 of discharging tube lower end.
(5) press by packing element being applied ring, realize the circumferential seal between each parts in the instrument.
(6) when when adding 1 pair of instrument of crimp head and add axle pressure, pressure is delivered in the test slurry in the high-pressure slurry tube by seaming chuck.Before the valve of unlatching discharging tube bottom pressure is added to setting.
(7) open discharging tube bottom valve, the test slurry enters in the simulation weak zone under the effect of certain axle pressure, and the liquid of leakage flows out instrument through discharging tube.
(8) pass through to write down the changing value of pressure when testing and the amount of liquid of finally missing, just can estimate the shut-off capacity of slurry, record two important parameters of wastage and bearing capacity.
In the accompanying drawing: the 1-pressurizing adaptor; The upper inner sleeve of 2-; The 3-upper bush; The 4-seaming chuck; The 5-urceolus; The 6-rubber tube; The 7-ring is pressed cavity; 8-high-pressure slurry tube; 9-ring crimping mouth; The 10-fill out sand tube; 11-simulates drop ply; The 12-discharging tube; The 13-lower sleeve; Inner sleeve under the 14-; 15-bottom locking plug screw.
Claims (6)
1. plugging test instrument, include and add crimp head (1), it is characterized in that, add the oral area that crimp head (1) is arranged on seaming chuck (4), the outside of seaming chuck (4) is provided with inner sleeve (2), the outer upper bush (3) that is provided with of last inner sleeve (2), the bottom of seaming chuck (4) links to each other with high-pressure slurry tube (8), high-pressure slurry tube (8) links to each other with fill out sand tube (10) again, puts into the results of fracture simulation bloom with different slot size in fill out sand tube (10), or insert natural river sand become the simulation drop ply (11); The bottom of fill out sand tube (10) links to each other with discharging tube (12); Periphery at seaming chuck (4), high-pressure slurry tube (8), fill out sand tube (10) and discharging tube (12) is provided with rubber tube (6); Rubber tube (6) is outer to be provided with urceolus (5), is provided with ring between rubber tube (6) and the urceolus (5) and presses cavity (7), and ring presses cavity (7) to be provided with ring crimping mouth (9); The periphery, bottom of discharging tube (12) also is provided with down inner sleeve (14), the outer lower sleeve (13) that is provided with of following inner sleeve (14), and the end opening place of discharging tube (12) is provided with bottom locking plug screw (15).
2. a kind of plugging test instrument according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described fill out sand tube (10) bottom is connected with discharging tube (12) by screw thread, high-pressure slurry tube (8) is connected with outer step (17) by interior step (16) with fill out sand tube (10), make discharging tube (12), fill out sand tube (10) and high-pressure slurry tube (8) become as a whole, by last inner sleeve (2), seaming chuck (4) and following inner sleeve (14) unit construction fixedly is in the interior packing element (6) of instrument, and by packing element (6) being applied the existing circumferential seal to unit construction of ring compacting.
3. a kind of plugging test instrument according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described high-pressure slurry tube (8) is that external diameter is 35～40mm, and internal diameter is 25～35mm, and length is 125～130mm, and an end is provided with the stainless-steel pipe of interior step (16).
4. a kind of plugging test instrument according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, described fill out sand tube (10) is that external diameter is 35～40mm, internal diameter is 25～35mm, length is 125～130mm, one end is provided with outer step (17), is 26～30mm and the other end is provided with diameter, and length is the stainless-steel pipe of 10～16mm internal thread screw thread.
5. a kind of plugging test instrument according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, described discharging tube (12) is that to be provided with diameter be that 26～30mm, length are the external thread screw thread (18) of 10～16mm to an end, the interlude external diameter is 35～40mm, length is 18～22mm, the other end is that external diameter is 18～22mm, and length is the stainless steel right cylinder of 78～84mm, and its center channel diameter is 5～10mm.
6. a kind of plugging test instrument according to claim 1 is characterized in that the thickness of described simulation drop ply (11) is 10～40mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200920034380 CN201654010U (en) | 2009-08-28 | 2009-08-28 | Plugging tester |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200920034380 CN201654010U (en) | 2009-08-28 | 2009-08-28 | Plugging tester |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN201654010U true CN201654010U (en) | 2010-11-24 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200920034380 Expired - Fee Related CN201654010U (en) | 2009-08-28 | 2009-08-28 | Plugging tester |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN201654010U (en) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103485762A (en) * | 2012-06-08 | 2014-01-01 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Visual simulation shale micro-crack plugging capacity test system and method |
| CN103728181A (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2014-04-16 | 中联煤层气国家工程研究中心有限责任公司 | Compression experimental device for blocking ball |
| CN103953332A (en) * | 2014-05-15 | 2014-07-30 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Experimental device and experimental method for simulating dynamic leakage and leaking stoppage of drilling fluid |
| CN104481521A (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2015-04-01 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Leakage check method of core sealing |
| WO2017045402A1 (en) * | 2015-09-18 | 2017-03-23 | 成都维泰油气能源技术有限公司 | Visualized evaluation device for pressure-bearing drilling-fluid plugging and leaking stoppage material property |
| CN108505964A (en) * | 2018-06-12 | 2018-09-07 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of high pressure dynamic leak stopping evaluation experimental provision and method |
| CN110927034A (en) * | 2018-09-19 | 2020-03-27 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Device and method for evaluating performance of plugging material |
| CN115792189A (en) * | 2022-11-11 | 2023-03-14 | 常州大学 | Method for evaluating leakage stopping effect of drilling fluid in fracture extension type leakage reservoir |
-
2009
- 2009-08-28 CN CN 200920034380 patent/CN201654010U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103485762A (en) * | 2012-06-08 | 2014-01-01 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Visual simulation shale micro-crack plugging capacity test system and method |
| CN103728181A (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2014-04-16 | 中联煤层气国家工程研究中心有限责任公司 | Compression experimental device for blocking ball |
| CN103728181B (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2016-05-04 | 中联煤层气国家工程研究中心有限责任公司 | A kind of ball sealer resistance to compression experimental provision |
| CN103953332A (en) * | 2014-05-15 | 2014-07-30 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Experimental device and experimental method for simulating dynamic leakage and leaking stoppage of drilling fluid |
| CN104481521A (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2015-04-01 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Leakage check method of core sealing |
| CN104481521B (en) * | 2014-10-31 | 2019-06-25 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of rock core sealing leak testing process |
| WO2017045402A1 (en) * | 2015-09-18 | 2017-03-23 | 成都维泰油气能源技术有限公司 | Visualized evaluation device for pressure-bearing drilling-fluid plugging and leaking stoppage material property |
| CN108505964A (en) * | 2018-06-12 | 2018-09-07 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of high pressure dynamic leak stopping evaluation experimental provision and method |
| CN108505964B (en) * | 2018-06-12 | 2024-02-23 | 兰州城市学院 | High-pressure dynamic plugging evaluation experimental device and method |
| CN110927034A (en) * | 2018-09-19 | 2020-03-27 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Device and method for evaluating performance of plugging material |
| CN115792189A (en) * | 2022-11-11 | 2023-03-14 | 常州大学 | Method for evaluating leakage stopping effect of drilling fluid in fracture extension type leakage reservoir |
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Legal Events
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|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20101124 Termination date: 20140828 |
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| EXPY | Termination of patent right or utility model |