CN1023815C - 润滑油组合物 - Google Patents
润滑油组合物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1023815C CN1023815C CN88104507A CN88104507A CN1023815C CN 1023815 C CN1023815 C CN 1023815C CN 88104507 A CN88104507 A CN 88104507A CN 88104507 A CN88104507 A CN 88104507A CN 1023815 C CN1023815 C CN 1023815C
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- liquid
- random copolymer
- ethylenic random
- moles
- lubricating oil
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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- 229920005604 random copolymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 165
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 162
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 230000033444 hydroxylation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000005805 hydroxylation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000006735 epoxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000005227 gel permeation chromatography Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000001644 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexene Chemical compound CCCCC=C LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
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- 125000001434 methanylylidene group Chemical group [H]C#[*] 0.000 claims description 7
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- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 28
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 21
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 19
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 17
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 11
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- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
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- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 9
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229920006334 epoxy coating Polymers 0.000 description 8
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
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- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 8
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- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
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- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- NNBZCPXTIHJBJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N decalin Chemical compound C1CCCC2CCCCC21 NNBZCPXTIHJBJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- HZVOZRGWRWCICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanediyl Chemical compound [CH2] HZVOZRGWRWCICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 4
- XJONFIGVOQMBIP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Cl[Zr](Cl)C1C=CC=C1 Chemical compound Cl[Zr](Cl)C1C=CC=C1 XJONFIGVOQMBIP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-decene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC=C AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octene Chemical compound CCCCCCC=C KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HECLRDQVFMWTQS-RGOKHQFPSA-N 1755-01-7 Chemical compound C1[C@H]2[C@@H]3CC=C[C@@H]3[C@@H]1C=C2 HECLRDQVFMWTQS-RGOKHQFPSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WSSSPWUEQFSQQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-1-pentene Chemical compound CC(C)CC=C WSSSPWUEQFSQQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AMKGKYQBASDDJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9$l^{2}-borabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane Chemical compound C1CCC2CCCC1[B]2 AMKGKYQBASDDJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FEJUGLKDZJDVFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-borabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane Substances C1CCC2CCCC1B2 FEJUGLKDZJDVFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010013786 Dry skin Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 102100027730 Endogenous retrovirus group K member 19 Rec protein Human genes 0.000 description 2
- RWNKSTSCBHKHTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hexachloro-1,3-butadiene Chemical compound ClC(Cl)=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C(Cl)Cl RWNKSTSCBHKHTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 101001064123 Homo sapiens Endogenous retrovirus group K member 19 Env polyprotein Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 101000893974 Homo sapiens Endogenous retrovirus group K member 19 Gag polyprotein Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 101000956190 Homo sapiens Endogenous retrovirus group K member 19 Pro protein Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 101000580915 Homo sapiens Endogenous retrovirus group K member 19 Rec protein Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 101001066689 Homo sapiens Integrase Proteins 0.000 description 2
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KFSLWBXXFJQRDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Peracetic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)OO KFSLWBXXFJQRDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical group [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 125000004836 hexamethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:2])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:1] 0.000 description 2
- 238000006197 hydroboration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- OJOWICOBYCXEKR-APPZFPTMSA-N (1S,4R)-5-ethylidenebicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene Chemical compound CC=C1C[C@@H]2C[C@@H]1C=C2 OJOWICOBYCXEKR-APPZFPTMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PRBHEGAFLDMLAL-GQCTYLIASA-N (4e)-hexa-1,4-diene Chemical compound C\C=C\CC=C PRBHEGAFLDMLAL-GQCTYLIASA-N 0.000 description 1
- IKAACYWAXDLDPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3,4,4a,5-hexahydronaphthalene Chemical compound C1=CCC2CCCCC2=C1 IKAACYWAXDLDPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYXHVRARDIDEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5-cyclooctadiene Chemical compound C1CC=CCCC=C1 VYXHVRARDIDEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- HFDVRLIODXPAHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-tetradecene Chemical group CCCCCCCCCCCCC=C HFDVRLIODXPAHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- INYHZQLKOKTDAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-ethenylbicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene Chemical group C1C2C(C=C)CC1C=C2 INYHZQLKOKTDAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PMZBHPUNQNKBOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-methylbenzene-1,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(O)=O)=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 PMZBHPUNQNKBOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WTQBISBWKRKLIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-methylidenebicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene Chemical compound C1C2C(=C)CC1C=C2 WTQBISBWKRKLIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 240000005373 Panax quinquefolius Species 0.000 description 1
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- 235000019800 disodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
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- DPUXQWOMYBMHRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexa-2,3-diene Chemical compound CCC=C=CC DPUXQWOMYBMHRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Octanol Natural products CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- QYZLKGVUSQXAMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N penta-1,4-diene Chemical compound C=CCC=C QYZLKGVUSQXAMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N perisophthalic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- AYRVGWHSXIMRAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium acetate trihydrate Chemical class O.O.O.[Na+].CC([O-])=O AYRVGWHSXIMRAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylaluminium Chemical compound C[Al](C)C JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M143/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular hydrocarbon or such hydrocarbon modified by oxidation
- C10M143/18—Oxidised hydrocarbons, i.e. oxidised subsequent to macromolecular formation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F8/00—Chemical modification by after-treatment
- C08F8/06—Oxidation
-
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种选自乙烯与含3至20个碳原子的α-烯烃的液态烯类无规共聚物的环氧化产物和乙烯与含3至20个碳原子的α-烯烃的液态烯类无规共聚物的羟基化产物的液态改性烯类无规共聚物。此外,还涉及由上述液态改性烯类无规共聚物组成的润滑油添加剂和涂料添加剂。
Description
本发明涉及一种液态改性烯类无规共聚物及其用途。具体地说,它涉及一种液态环氧化烯类无规共聚物和一种液态羟基化烯类无规共聚物及它们的用途。更具体地说,本发明涉及一种液态环氧化烯类无规共聚物和一种液态羟基化烯类无规共聚物,它们用作润滑油添加剂,涂料添加剂和树脂改性剂时显示极好的性能。
根据其使用目的,往润滑油例如齿轮油,发动机油,润滑脂,金属加工油和脱模剂中加入各种添加剂。这些添加剂中大多数是极性化合物。为了使这些添加剂达到预期的目的,希望它们溶于这些润滑油的基质油中。这些添加剂中的一些对基质油的亲和力低,在基质油中仅略维持分散。近来,作为基质油的惯用的矿物油已被合成润滑剂(其代表是烯烃聚合物油)所代替。这些合成润滑剂油更明显地具有上述倾向,在很多情况下,添加剂对改善润滑油功能的效果不能充分显示出来。因此,在润滑油领域,强烈要求一种能增大各种润滑油添加剂在基质油中的溶解度的增溶剂。
在涂料领域,根据各种目的加入添加剂。例如,超细二氧化硅,超细沉淀碳酸钙,膨润土和有机膨润土已用作填料阻沉降剂,抗流挂剂或低温柔性影响剂。为了某些使用目的,它们不充分显示其功能。因此,强烈要求具有极好性能的涂料添加剂。
本发明的第一个目的是提供一种液态环氧化烯类无规共聚物和一种液态羟基化烯类无规共聚物,它们是一种新颖物质。
本发明的第二个目的是提供一种由一种液态环氧化烯类无规共聚
物组成的润滑油添加剂,和一种由一种液态羟基化烯类无规共聚物组成的润滑油添加剂。
本发明的第三个目的是提供一种由一种液态环氧化烯类无规共聚物组成的涂料添加剂,和一种由一种液态羟基化烯类无规共聚物组成的涂料添加剂。
根据本发明,本发明的第一个目的,由一种选自乙烯与含3个至20个碳原子的α-烯烃的液态烯类无规共聚物的环氧化产物和乙烯与含3个至20个碳原子的α-烯烃的液态烯类无规共聚物的羟基化产物的液态改性烯类无规共聚物而达到;其中,
(Ⅰ)这种液态改性的烯类无规共聚物的乙烯组分含量为10~85摩尔%,α-烯烃组分含量为15~90摩尔%,
(Ⅱ)在液态改性的烯类无规共聚物的13C-NMR谱中,观察不到基于共聚物主链中两个相邻叔碳原子间的亚甲基链的αβ和βγ的信号,
(Ⅲ)这种液态改性的烯类无规共聚物的数均分子量(
Mn),用蒸汽压渗透压力计测定,为200至10000,和
(Ⅳ)当这种液态改性烯类无规共聚物是环氧化产物时,其中每一个环氧基位于液态烯类无规共聚物的聚合物链末端,其环氧基含量为0.01~0.5摩尔/100克液态环氧化烯类无规共聚物,
而当这种液态改性烯类无规共聚物是羟基化产物时,其中的每个羟基连结到来自乙烯或α-烯烃的碳原子上,並位于这种液态烯类无规共聚物的聚合物链的末端,其羟基含量为0.01~1摩尔/100克液态羟基化烯类无规共聚物。
本发明的第二个目的,由一种以液态改性烯类无规共聚物所组成
的润滑油添加剂而达到,所说的共聚物选自乙烯与含3个至20个碳原子的α-烯烃的液态烯类无规共聚物的环氧化产物和乙烯与含3个至20个碳原子的α-烯烃的液态烯类无规共聚物的羟基化产物;其中
(Ⅰ)这种液态改性的烯类无规共聚物的乙烯组分含量为10~85摩尔%,α-烯烃组分含量为15~90摩尔%,
(Ⅱ)在这种液态改性的烯类无规共聚物的13C-NMR谱中,观察不到基于共聚物主链中两个相邻叔碳原子间的亚甲基链的αβ和βγ的信号,
(Ⅲ)这种液态改性的烯类无规共聚物的数均分子量(
Mn),用蒸汽压渗透压力计测定,为200至10000,和
(Ⅳ)当这种液态改性烯类无规共聚物是环氧化产物时,其中每一个环氧基位于液态烯类无规共聚物的聚合物链的末端,其环氧基含量为0.01~0.5摩尔/100克液态环氧化烯类无规共聚物,
而当这种液态改性烯类无规共聚物是羟基化产物时,其中的每个羟基连结到来自乙烯或α-烯烃的碳原子上,並位于这种液态烯类无规共聚物的聚合物链的末端,其羟基含量为0.01~1摩尔/100克液态羟基化烯类无规共聚物,
本发明的第三个目的,由一种以液态改性烯类无规共聚物所组成的涂料添加剂而达到,所说的共聚物选自乙烯与含3个至20个碳原子的α-烯烃的液态烯类无规共聚物的环氧化产物和乙烯与含3个至20个碳原子的α-烯烃的液态烯类无规共聚物的羟基化产物;其中
(Ⅰ)这种液态改性的烯类无规共聚物的乙烯组分含量为10~85摩尔%,α-烯烃组分含量为15~90摩尔%,
(Ⅱ)在这种液态改性的烯类无规共聚物的13C-NMR谱中,观察不到基于共聚物主链中两个相邻叔碳原子间的亚甲基链的αβ和βγ的信号,
(Ⅲ)这种液态改性的烯类无规共聚物的数均分子量(
Mn),用蒸汽压渗透压力计测定,为200至10000,和
(Ⅳ)当这种液态改性烯类无规共聚物是环氧化产物时,每一个环氧基位于液态烯类无规共聚物的聚合物链的末端,其环氧基含量为0.01~0.5摩尔/100克液态环氧化烯类无规共聚物,
而当这种液态改性烯类无规共聚物是羟基化产物时,其中的每个羟基连结到来自乙烯或α-烯烃的碳原子上,並位于这种液态烯类无规共聚物的聚合物链的末端,其羟基含量为0.01~1摩尔/100克液态羟基化烯类无规共聚物。
本发明确认,惯用的润滑油添加剂存在上述的问题,因而对能显示极好性能的润滑油添加剂进行了深入的研究。这些研究已导至发现,具有上述特殊性质的液态环氧化烯类无规共聚物和具有上述性质的液态羟基化烯类无规共聚物是新颖的物质,並能达到上述的第二个发明目的。
现对本发明进行详细阐述。
本发明的液态环氧化烯类无规共聚物是乙烯与含有3个至20个碳原子的液态烯类无规共聚物的环氧化产物。环氧基通过来自乙烯或α-烯烃碳碳不饱和键而生成,並位于液态烯类无规共聚物链的末端,而且每个聚合物链至少连上一个环氧基。液态环氧化烯类无规共聚物的倾点,依据JIS K-2269进行测定,不大于50℃;其在100℃时的动态粘度,依据JIS K-2283进行测定,不大
于1×105厘沲。
此液态环氧化烯类无规共聚物的乙烯组分含量为10~85摩尔%,较好是20~80摩尔%,最好是30~70摩尔%,α-烯烃组分含量为15~90摩尔%,较好是20~80摩尔%,最好是30~70摩尔%。若其乙烯组分含量小于10摩尔%,而α-烯烃组分含量大于90摩尔%,或者,若其乙烯组分含量大于85摩尔%,而α-烯烃含量小于15摩尔%,则由这种液态改性共聚物作成的润滑剂添加剂或涂料添加剂的性能会降低。
在这种液态改性烯类无规共聚物的13C-NMR谱中,观察不到基于共聚主链中的两个相邻碳原子之间的亚甲基链的αβ和βγ信号。
这种液态环氧化烯类无规共聚物的数均分子量(
Mn),以蒸汽压渗透压力计(VPO)测定,是200~10000,较好是300~8000,最好是500~5000。若其数均分子量小于200或大于10000,则其作为润滑油添加剂或涂料添加剂的性能会降低。
此液态环氧化烯类无规共聚物的特性粘数〔η〕,在十氢萘中於135℃测量,为0.01~0.4分升/克,较好为0.02~0.35分升/克,最好是0.03~0.3分升/克。
此液态环氧化烯类无规共聚物的分子量分布(
Mw/
Mn),以凝胶渗透色谱法(GPC)测定,为1.1~4.0,较好是1.2~3.0,最好是1.3~2.5。
此液态环氧化改性烯类无规共聚物的环氧基含量为0.01~0.5摩尔/100克共聚物,较好是0.015~0.3摩尔/
100克共聚物,最好是0.02~0.2摩尔/100克共聚物。若环氧基含量小于0.01摩尔,则它作为润滑油添加剂或涂料添加剂的性能会降低。若它的环氧基含量大于0.5摩尔/100克共聚物,则它作为润滑油添加剂或涂料添加剂的性能也会降低。
本发明的液态羟基化烯类无规共聚物是乙烯与含3个至20个碳原子的α-烯烃的共聚烯类无规共聚物的羟基化产物。在此羟基化烯类无规共聚物中,至少一个羟基被连结到来自乙烯或α-烯烃的双键中的至少一个碳原子上,並位于液态烯类无规共聚物的聚合物链末端。其倾点,依据JIS K-2269进行测定,为不大于50℃,其在100℃时的动态粘度,依据JISK-2283进行测定,为不大于1×105厘沲。
此液态羟基化烯类无规共聚物的乙烯组分含量为10~85摩尔%,较好是20~80摩尔%,更好是30~70摩尔%,其α-烯烃组分含量是15~90摩尔%,较好是20~80摩尔%,更好是30~70摩尔%。若其乙烯组分含量小于10摩尔%,其α-烯烃组分含量大于90摩尔%;或者其乙烯组分含量大于85摩尔%,其α-烯烃组分含量小于15摩尔%,则由这液态改性共聚物组成的润滑油添加剂或涂料添加剂的性能会降低。
在这种液态改性烯类无规共聚物的13C-NMR谱中,观察不到基于共聚物主链中的两个相邻叔碳原子间的亚甲基链的αβ和βγ信号。
此液态羟基化烯类无规共聚物的数均分子量(
Mn),用蒸汽压渗透压力计(VPO)测定,为200~10,000,较好是300~8000,更好是500~5000。若其数均分子量小于200
或大于10000,则其作为润滑油添加剂或涂料添加剂的性能会降低。
此液态羟基化烯类无规共聚物的特性粘数〔η〕,在十氢萘中于135℃测定,为0.01~0.4分升/克,较好是0.02~0.35分升/克,最好是0.03~0.3分升/克。
此液态羟基化烯类无规共聚物的分子量分布(
Mw/
Mn),以凝胶渗透色谱法(GPC)测定,为1.1~4.0,较好是1.2~3.0,最好是1.3~2.5。
此液态羟基化改性烯类无规共聚物的羟基含量为0.01~1摩尔/100克共聚物,较好是0.015~0.5摩尔/100克共聚物,最好是0.02~0.4摩尔/100克共聚物。若其羟基含量小于0.01摩尔/100克共聚物,它作为润滑油添加剂或涂料添加剂的性能会降低。若其羟基含量大于1摩尔/100克共聚物,则它作为润滑油添加剂或涂料添加剂的性能也会降低。
构成液态环氧化烯类无规共聚物和液态羟基化烯类无规共聚物的烯类无规共聚物是由乙烯和含3个至20个碳原子的α-烯烃生成的液态烯类无规共聚物。其乙烯组分含量(a)为10~85摩尔%,较好是20~80摩尔%,最好是30~70摩尔%;其α-烯烃含量(b)为15~90摩尔%,较好是20~80摩尔%,最好是30~70摩尔%。
此液态烯类无规共聚物的特性粘数〔η〕,在十氢萘中於135℃测定,通常为0.01~0.4分升/克,最好是0.03~0.3分升/克;其数均分子量,以蒸汽压渗透压力计测定通常为200~10000,较好是300~8000,最好是500~
5000;其分子量分布(
Mw/
Mn),以GPC法测定,通常不大于4.0,较好是不大于3.0,最好是不大于2.5。
此液态烯类无规共聚物的碘值为1~125,最好是2~85。液态烯类无规共聚物在共聚物链的一个末端含有一个基于乙烯单元或α-烯烃单元的碳-碳不饱和键,或者它是在共聚物链的一个末端含有基于乙烯单元或α-烯烃单元的碳-碳不饱和键的一种共聚物与在聚合物链的一个末端不含有不饱和键的另一种共聚物的混合物。
为了在为获得本发明的液态环氧化烯类无规共聚物和液态羟基化烯类无规共聚物而进行的改性反应中使用,此液态烯类无规共聚物最好只含有那种在聚合物链的一端有一个碳-碳不饱和键的共聚物。
作为液态烯类无规共聚物一个组分的含3个至20个碳原的α-烯烃的具体例子,包括丙烯,1-丁烯,1-己烯,4-甲基-1-戊烯,3-甲基-1-戊烯,1-辛烯,1-癸烯,1-十二烯,1-十四烯,1-十六烯,1-十八烯,1-二十烯,如果需要,液态烯类无规共聚物也可含有一非共轭多烯组分。非共轭多烯的具体例子包括1,4-己二烯,1,4-戊二烯,1,7-辛二烯,1,8-壬二烯,1,9-癸二烯,4-甲基-1,3-己二烯,5-甲基-1,4-己二烯,5-亚乙基-2-降冰片烯,二环戊二烯,5-乙烯基-2-降冰片烯,5-亚甲基-2-降冰片烯,1,5-环辛二烯和5,8-桥亚甲基六氢萘。
在液态烯类无规共聚物的13C-NMR谱中,观察不到基于共聚物主链中两相邻叔碳原子间的亚甲基链的αβ和βγ信号。
例如,在下述乙烯与1-己烯的共聚物的键中,如从左边的来自1-己烯的叔碳原子看,是位于α-,β-和γ-位置,而如果从右
边的叔碳原子看,则位于α-,β-和γ-位置
因此,在上述的键中,存在能产生αγ和ββ信号的亚甲基,但不存在能产生αβ和βγ信号的亚甲基。
同样,从下面的由1-己烯部分的头一尾连接而得的键中,仅有一个能产生αα信号的亚甲基,但不存在能产生αβ或βγ信号的亚甲基。
换句话说,下述的
键中,存在能产生βγ和αβ信号的亚甲基。
液态烯类无规共聚物具有的按下式所定义的B值为1.03~2(1.03≤B≤2)
在此公式中,PE代表共聚物中的乙烯组分含量的摩尔份数,PO代表α-烯烃组分含量的摩尔份数,而POE代表在全部双键区中α-烯烃/乙烯链区的摩尔份数(假若除链端组分外,这些组分的摩尔份数在上述公式中均被计算的话)
较大的B值表明共聚物含有较少的乙烯或α-烯烃的嵌段状链区,並具有乙烯和α-烯烃的较均匀分布,和较窄的组分分布。
液态烯类无规共聚物最好具有下述的B值。
当共聚物的乙烯组分含量不大于50摩尔%时:
1.0+0.3×PE≤B≤1/(1-PE)′
较好是 1.0+0.4×PE≤B≤1/(1-PE)′
最好是 1.0+0.5×PE≤B≤1/(1-PE)′
当共聚物的乙烯组分含量大于50摩尔%时,
1.3-0.3×PE≤B≤1/PE′
较好是 1.4-0.4×PE≤B≤1/PE′
最好是 1.5-0.5×PE≤B≤1/PE′
液态烯类无规共聚物可由乙烯与含有3个至20个碳原子的α-烯烃(如果需要,可用一共轭多烯),在由:(a)一种含有以共轭π电子作为配位体的基团的锆化合物,及(b)一种铝氧烷所组成的催化剂的存在下共聚而制得。
更具体地说,用于本发明的液态烯类无规共聚物,通过适当选择已在本申请人所申请的日本公开特许公报No.221207/1986,日本特许申请号No.259835/1985中介绍过的工艺条件而制得。这些工艺包括使乙烯和α-烯烃在由下述物质组成的催化剂的存在下进行聚合:
(A)选自含有周期表中的Ⅳb组、Ⅴb组和Ⅵb组元素的一组中的过渡金属的一个化合物,和
(B)下列通式所表示的铝氧烷:
或
式中,R代表一烃基,m代表最好至少为5的整数。
本发明的液态环氧化烯类无规共聚物可用例如下述的方法来制取:
(1)使有机酸(例如甲酸或醋酸)与过氧化氢反应,再使所得的反应混合物与液态烯类无规共聚物反应。共聚物的反应最好在缓冲剂如磷酸氢钠,碳酸钠或碳酸氢钠的存在下进行。
(2)使液态烯类无规共聚物与一有机过氧化物如间-氯过氧苯甲酸反应。
更具体地说,在方法(1)的有机酸与过氧化氢的反应中,每摩尔过氧化氢所用的有机酸量是2~50摩尔,最好是5~25摩尔。反应温度是0~60℃,最好是10~50℃。反应所需的时间是0.5~20小时,最好是1~10小时。在使有机酸与过氧化氢的反应混合物与液态烯类无规共聚物反应时,液态烯类无规共聚物的每摩尔不饱和键所用的过氧化氢量是1~10摩尔,最好是2~5摩尔。而同一情况下所用的有机酸量是10~100摩尔,最好是20~50摩尔。每摩尔有机酸所用的缓冲剂量是0.05~0.5摩尔,
最好是0.1~0.3摩尔。反应温度是0~100℃,最好是20~80℃,而这反应所需的时间是1~30小时,最好是2~20小时。聚合物浓度是5-4000克/升,最好是10~300克/升。
在方法(2)中,每摩尔液态烯类无规共聚物的不饱和键所用的有机过氧化物量是1~10摩尔,最好是1~5摩尔。反应温度是0~100℃,最好是10~80℃,而此反应所需的时间是0.1~10小时,最好是0.5~5小时。聚合物浓度是5~400克/升,最好是10~300克/升。
本发明的液态羟基化烯类无规共聚物可用例如下述的方法来制得:
(1)将氢硼烷如二硼烷或9-BBN(即9-硼-双环〔3.3.1〕壬烷)加至液态烯类无规共聚物中,並使此共聚物发生硼氢化反应,然后用过氧化氢使产品进行氧化;
(2)将有机酸(如甲酸或醋酸)与过氧化氢的混合物加入,並将共聚物进行氧化;
(3)将有机过氧化物(如过氧醋酸或间-氯过氧苯甲酸)加入,並使共聚物环氧化,然后使产物水解。
在方法(2)中,水解和酯化同时进行,得到一个单羟基单酯化的液态改性烯类无规共聚物,用皂化法可使酯基转化为一羟基。这样即得到二羟基化的液态改性烯类无规共聚物。
更具体地说,在方法(1)中,往液态烯类无规共聚物的每摩尔不饱和双键中加入的氢硼烷量是1~10摩尔,最好是2~5摩尔,往每摩尔氢硼烷中加入过氧化氢1~10摩尔,最好是2~5摩尔,在硼氢化和氧化反应中所采用的温度是-20~60℃,最好是0~40℃,这些反应所需的时间是0.5~20小时,最好是1~10
小时。聚合物浓度是5~200克/升,最好是10~100克/升。
在方法(2)中,往液态烯类无规共聚物中的每摩尔不饱和双键中加入的有机酸量是1~200摩尔,最好是5~100摩尔,在同一情况下所加的过氧化氢量是1~50摩尔,最好是2~20摩尔。反应温度是0~60℃,最好是10~50℃。此反应所需的时间是0.5~20小时,最好是1~10小时。聚合物浓度是5~400克/升,最好是10~300克/升。
在方法(3)中,往液态烯类无规共聚物的每摩尔不饱和双键中加入的有机过氧化物量是1~10摩尔,最好是1~5摩尔。在羟基化中,反应温度是0~100℃,最好是10~80℃,反应所需时间是0.1~10小时,最好是0.5~5小时。聚合物浓度是5~400克/升,最好是10~300克/升。在水解中,往每克共聚物所加的浓度为0.5~5N(最好为1~4N)的碱水溶液的量为10~100毫升,最好是5~50毫升。水解反应温度是20~100℃,最好是40~80℃,反应所需的时间是1~20小时,最好是2~10小时。
可用于制备本发明的液态环氧化烯类无规共聚物和液态羟基化烯类无规共聚物(通常叫做液态改性烯类无规共聚物)的溶剂的例子,包括芳香烃(如苯,甲苯和二甲苯)和醚类(如乙醚,四氢呋喃和二氧六环)。
本发明的液态改性烯类无规共聚物可用作润滑油的添加剂。它可加至任何矿物油和合成润滑油例如烯烃合成润滑油(例如烯烃聚合物或共聚物),硅氧烷型合成润滑油和酯型合成润滑油中。所加的液态
改性烯类无规共聚的数量通常是每100份重基质油加0.5-300分重,较好是0.8~200分重,最好是1~150分重。除了液态改性烯类无规共聚物外,可加入各种已知的加在润滑油中的添加剂。这些已知的润滑油添加剂的具体例子包括矿物油(中性油),低分子量α-烯烃聚合物,硅氧烷型合成润滑油,酯型合成润滑油,抗氧化稳定剂,极端压力剂,防锈添加剂,消泡剂和抗磨剂。
加有本发明的液态改性烯类无规共聚物的润滑油可以用作例如齿轮油,发动机油,润滑脂,金属加工用油及脱模剂。
本发明的液态改性烯类无规共聚物也可用作涂料添加剂,它可加至含缩聚型涂料树脂如醇酸树脂及其改性产品,不饱和聚酯及其改性产品,酚醛树脂,环氧树脂及其改性产品,氨基树脂(如尿素树脂及三聚氰胺树脂),聚氨酯树脂及干性油,丙烯酸树脂和橡胶型涂料树脂作为成膜树脂组分的涂料中。所加液态改性烯类无规共聚物的数量,通常是每100分重的涂料中的成膜组分,加入0.01~20分重,最好是0.1~10分重。含有本发明的改性烯类无规共聚物的涂料可加入适当数量各种已知的添加剂,如颜料,溶剂(在溶剂型涂料的场合),分散介质(在乳液型涂料的场合),流平剂和对气候的稳定剂。
本发明的液态环氧化烯类无规共聚物和液态羟基化烯类无规共聚物也可有其他各种应用,例如作用固态润滑油添加剂的分散剂,橡胶和树脂的加工助剂,织物处理助剂,橡胶和树脂的改性剂,增塑剂,油墨添加剂,金属离子清除剂,离子交换剂,农业用铺展剂,涂料的塑性影响剂,涂料底层改性剂,粘合剂的改性剂。
本发明提供了一种新颖的液态改性(环氧化或羟基化)烯类无规
共聚物,它们作为润滑油的添加剂和涂料添加剂,显示了极好的效果。
下面的实施例具体地阐述了本发明。
液态改性烯类无规共聚物的组成和性质和起初的液态烯类无规共聚物用下面的方法进行测定和评价。
(1)乙烯,α-烯烃,环氧基和羟基的含量用13C-NMR谱测定。通常,其测定条件与下面将叙述的B值测定条件相同。
(2)数均分子量(
Mn)在甲苯溶剂中于80℃以苯偶酰和角鲨烷为已知分子量标准样品,以惯用方式用蒸汽压渗透压力计测定之。
(3)分子量分布(
Mw/
Mn)依据Takeuchi所著的“Gel Permeation Chromatography”(Maruzen Co.,Ltd.出版)所述的下列方法进行测定:
(Ⅰ)使用具有已知分子量的聚苯乙烯(由Toyo Soda Co.,Ltd.生产的单分散聚苯乙烯),测出分子量M和它的GPC(gel Permeation Chromatography)计数,並制得分子量M和EV(elution Volume)的校正曲线。在此时间的浓度固定于0.02%重量。
(Ⅱ)以GPC测定所得样品的GPC色谱。在上述(Ⅰ)的基础上,计算出样品对于聚苯乙烯的数均分子量
Mn和重均分子量
Mw,並测出
Mw/
Mn。样品准备和GPC测定的条件如下所述:-样品准备
(a)将样品和作为溶剂的甲苯放入一个Erlenmeyer烧瓶中,样品浓度是0.1%重量。
(b)将Erlenmeyer烧瓶在70℃加热,用一个不锈钢滤器(通道大小为0.5微米)进行过滤,将溶液用于作GPC。
GPC测定条件
(a)仪器:150C-ALC/GPC,Waters Co.所制。
(b)柱子:G4000H、G3000H和G2000H,
Toyo Soda Co.,Ltd.所制。
(c)温度:70℃
(d)流速:1.5毫升/分
(4)B值
液态烯类无规共聚物的B值定义如下:
式中,PE代表共聚物中乙烯组分含量的摩尔份数,PO代表α-烯烃组分含量的摩尔份数,而POE代表在全部双链区中α-烯烃/乙烯链区的摩尔份数(假若除链端组分外,这些组分的摩尔份数在上述公式中均被计算的话)
B值是代表单个单体组分在共聚物中的分布状态的指数,並由上述定义的PE,PO和POE计算出,其根据是下述论文:G.J.Ray:Macro molecules,10,773(1977);J.C.Randall:Macromolecules,15,353(1982);J.Polymer Science,Polymer Physics,Ed.,11,275(1973);以及K.Kimura:Polymer,25,441(1984),B值较大,则表明共聚物含有较少的乙烯或α-烯烃的嵌段状链区,並具有乙烯和α-烯烃的较均匀分布,和较窄的组成分布。
PE,PO和POE按下述步骤计算。将约200毫克共聚物均匀溶
于1毫升六氯丁二烯中,制得样品,此样品的13C-NMR谱按下述测定条件而获得:
温度:120℃
频率:25.05MHz
谱宽:1500Hz
滤波器宽:1500Hz
脉冲重复时间:4.2秒
脉冲宽度:7微秒
脉冲数:2000~5000
由谱图,测得PE,PO和POE。
一种液态烯类无规共聚物的制备
参考实施例1
〔铝氧烷的制备〕
将Al2(SO4)3·14H2O(37克)和125毫升甲苯装入一个已用氮气彻底吹洗过的400毫升烧瓶中,並冷至0℃。逐滴加入已用125毫升甲苯稀释的三甲基铝(500毫摩尔)。然后将此混合物加热至40℃,並在此温度维持10小时。反应后,将反应混合物过滤以实现固-液分离。自滤液把甲苯除去,得13克白色固体状的铝氧烷。测定其在苯中的冰点降低,知其分子量为930,m值为14。将它配成甲苯溶液以便用于下述的聚合反应中。
〔聚合反应〕
往一个4升连续聚合反应器中,连续加入已提纯的甲苯,4升/小时;铝氧烷,20毫克原子/小时(以铝原子计);二氯化双(环戊二烯基)锆,0.16毫克原子/小时(以锆原子计)。在此同时,
又把乙烯,110升/小时;丙烯,500升/小时,加至反应器中。乙烯和丙烯在30℃和大气压力下聚合,滞留时间为0.5小时(前提是聚合物浓度变为23克/升),往所得的聚合物溶液中加入水以除去其灰分。除掉甲苯,残留物在减压下在120℃干燥12小时,得-液态烯类无规共聚物,其乙烯含量为42摩尔%,丙烯含量为58摩尔%,数均分子量1100,特性粘数0.07分升/克,分子量分布1.78,碘值23,B值为1.26。
此共聚物在实施例1中用于改性。
参考实施例2
按参考实施例1进行相同的聚合,所不同的是,乙烯的加入量变为140升/小时,聚合温度变为45℃,聚合反应在聚合物浓度变为26克/升的前提下进行。得一液态烯类无规共聚物,其乙烯含量为55摩尔%,丙烯含量为45摩尔%,数均分子量600,特性粘数0.04分升/克,分子量分布1.81,碘值41,B值1.27。
在实施例2中此共聚物用于改性。
参考实施例3
往一安装有冷凝器的1.5升玻璃高压釜中,装入500毫升已提纯的甲苯和500毫升1-己烯。将乙烯(120升/小时)和氮气(200升/小时)的气体混合物通过高压釜。把温度升至45℃。然后,加入5.0毫克原子的铝氧烷(以铝原子计),和0.02毫克原子的二氯化双(环戊二烯基)锆,聚合反应开始。当上述气体混合物连续通入时,聚合反应在50℃进行1小时。此后,按参考实施例1进行操作,得105克液态烯类无规共聚物,其乙烯含量为65摩尔%,1-己烯含量为35摩尔%,数均分子量950,特性粘数
0.06分升/克,分子量分布1.75,碘值26,B值1.28。
在实施例3中,此共聚物用於改性。
参考实施例4
往一个4升连续聚合反应器中,连续加入已提纯的甲苯,4升/小时;铝氧烷,20毫克原子/小时,(以铝原子计);溶在甲苯中的二氯化双(环戊二烯基)锆,0.16毫克原子/小时,(以锆原子计)。同时又将乙烯(200升/小时)和丙烯(500升/小时)连续通入聚合反应器中,乙烯和丙烯在40℃和大气压力下进行聚合,滞留时间为0.5小时(前提是聚合物浓度变为26克/升)。往所得的聚合物溶液中加入水以除去其灰分。除掉甲苯,残留物在减压下在120℃干燥12小时,得一液态烯类无规共聚物,其乙烯含量为45摩尔%,丙烯含量为55摩尔%,数均分子量700,特性粘度0.05分升/克,分子量分布1.80,碘值35,B值1.25。
此共聚物在实施例4中用于改性。
参考实施例5
重复参考实施例4,不同的是,所加的乙烯量变为100升/小时,在聚合物浓度变为22克/升的前提下进行聚合反应。得一液态烯类无规共聚物,其乙烯含量为41摩尔%,丙烯含量为59摩尔%,数均分子量620,特性粘度0.04分升/克,分子量分布1.78,碘值41,B值1.24。
此共聚物在实施例5中用于改性。
参考实施例6
重复参考实施例4,不同的是,所加的乙烯量变为100升/小时,不用丙烯而改用1-丁烯,聚合温度改为22℃,在聚合物浓度
变为25克/升的前提下进行聚合。得一液态烯类无规共聚物,其乙烯含量为58摩尔%,1-丁烯含量为42摩尔%,数均分子量1500,特性粘数0.09分升/克,分子量分布1.89,碘值17,B值1.28。
此共聚物在实施例6中用于改性。
实施例1
将54毫升甲苯和5.4克液态烯类无规共聚物(见参考实施例1)装入一个已用氮气彻底吹洗过的200毫升玻璃烧瓶中,並加热至70℃。在维持温度在70℃的同时,在3小时内把溶于33毫升甲苯中的1.1克间-氯过氧苯甲酸逐滴加至烧瓶中。将混合物在70℃再保温1小时。把反应混合物冷至25℃,加入1.7克Na2SO3,此混合物在25℃搅拌30分钟。然后,用NaHCO3在水中的5%重量水溶液将此聚合物溶液洗涤,並除去甲苯。残留物经干燥得5.4克无色透明的液态环氧化烯类无规共聚物,其乙烯含量为42摩尔%,丙烯含量为58摩尔%,数均分子量1100,分子量分布1.80,环氧基含量为0.09摩尔/100克共聚物,特性粘数0.07分升/克。此共聚物的13C-NMR谱不显示基于αβ和βγ的峰。
实施例2
将16.2克醋酸,0.19毫升浓硫酸和2.6克过氧化氢的35%重量水溶液,放入一个已用氮气彻底吹洗过的100毫升玻璃烧瓶中,並在室温搅拌4小时。然后加入2.3克醋酸钠三水合物,此混合物在室温搅拌20分钟。之后,加入7.2克Na2HPO4,又把此混合物搅拌5分钟。接着,把7毫升甲苯和5.4克液态烯类无
规共聚物(见参考实施例2)加入。随即将混合物加热至40℃並在此温度搅拌17小时。然后将此聚合物溶液转移至100毫升甲苯中,按与实施例1同样的方法处理完,得5.2克无色透明的环氧化烯类无规共聚物,其乙烯含量为55摩尔%,丙烯含量为45摩尔%,数均分子量610,分子量分布1.82,环氧基含量0.15摩尔/100克共聚物,特性粘数0.04分升/克。此共聚物的13C-NMR不显示基于αβ和βγ的峰。
实施例3
重复实施例1,所不同的是,使用从参考实施例3所得的液态烯类无规共聚物,而不是用实施1中所用的共聚物。得5.3克无色透明的液态环氧化烯类无规共聚物,其乙烯含量为65摩尔%,丙烯含量为35摩尔%,数均分子量970,分子量分布1.82,环氧基含量0.09摩尔/100克共聚物,特性粘数0.07分升/克。共聚物的13C-NMR谱不显示基于αβ和βγ的峰。
实施例4
将9-BBN的0.5M四氢呋喃溶液42毫升放入已用氮气彻底吹洗过的400毫升玻璃烧瓶中並冷至10℃,在维持温度在10℃的同时,将用107毫升四氢呋喃稀释的5.0克液态烯类无规共聚物(见参考实施例4)在5分钟内逐滴加入。滴加完后,将此混合物在23℃搅拌5小时。将混合物冷至0℃,加入3N NaOH水溶液。之后,将7.1克过氧化氢的35%重量水溶液在15分钟内逐滴加入。此时,反应体系的温度从0℃升至22℃。接着,温度升至30℃,使反应在这温度继续2小时。反应后,把温度降至15℃,加入50毫升K2CO3的饱和水溶液。然后用己烷将混合物进行萃取,
又从聚合物溶液中将己烷除去。将残留物干燥,得5.0克无色透明的液态羟基化烯类无规共聚物,其乙烯含量为45摩尔%,丙烯含量为55摩尔%,数均分子量720,分子量分布1.84,羟基含量0.13摩尔/100克共聚物,特性粘数0.05分升/克。共聚物的13C-NMR谱不显示基于αβ和βγ的峰。
实施例5
将21毫升四氢呋喃和16.2克液态烯类无规共聚物(见参考实施例5)加至一个已用氮气彻底吹洗过的30毫升玻璃烧瓶中,在室温下,加入37.3克甲酸,然后加入7.9克过氧化氢的35%重量水溶液。将混合物加热至40℃,在此温度剧烈搅8小时。之后,把温度降至0℃,把205毫升Na2SO3的10%重量水溶液在15分钟内逐滴加入。此时,反应体系的温度由0℃升至20℃。将混合物在室温再搅拌30分钟。用己烷萃取反应混合物。从聚合物溶液把己烷除去,残留物干燥后得17.1克无色透明的羟基化烯类无规共聚物,其乙烯含量为41摩尔%,丙烯含量为59摩尔%,数均分子量670,分子量分布1.76,羟基含量0.15摩尔/100克共聚物,特性粘数0.15分升/克,共聚物的13C-NMR谱不显示基于αβ和βγ的峰。
实施例6
将7毫升四氢呋喃和5.4克液态烯类无规共聚物(见参考实施例6)加进一个已用氮气彻底吹洗过的100毫升玻璃烧瓶中,並在室温下,加入12.4克甲酸和2.6克过氢化氢的35%水溶液。然后,将混合物加热至40℃,並在此温度剧烈搅拌8小时。之后,把温度降至室温,把68毫升Na2SO3的10%重量水溶液在5分
钟内逐滴加入。按与实施例5相同的方法处理完反应混合物,得5.5克无色透明的羟基化烯类无规共聚物,其乙烯含量为58摩尔%,1-丁烯含量为42摩尔%,数均分子量1600,分子量分布1.93,羟基含量0.056摩尔/100克共聚物,特性粘数0.10分升/克,共聚物的13C-NMR谱不显示基于αβ和βγ的峰。
检验实施例1
本发明的液态环氧化烯类无规共聚物用作润滑油添加剂时的性能按下述方法进行检验。
(1)样品的准备
将65分重的聚-α-烯烃低聚物A(Mobil SHF-1001,Chevron Chemical Co.生产)和35分重的聚-α-烯烃低聚物B(Synfluid 6 Cst PAO,Chevron Chemical Co.生产)放入300毫升烧杯中,並用一玻璃棒好好混合。将1分重的工业用齿轮油包装型添加剂(TC9535;S24.1%,P1.8%,Texaco Co.,Ltd.生产)和3分重的在实施例1或实施例3中所得到的环氧化共聚物的每一种,加进去。用同样方法,不加环氧化共聚物而制得比较用的润滑油样品。
(2)检验方法
(Ⅰ)相容性
将100毫升样品放入到直径40mm的容器中。放置过夜后,用分光光度计测定660nm处的吸收(样品池:玻璃,50mm,参比物:己烷),並测出样品的透明度。
测定结果定级如下:
吸收值 定级
低于0.05 5
0.05~0.15 4
0.15~0.25 3
0.25~0.35 2
高于0.35 1
(Ⅱ)热稳定性
相容性检验后,将装有样品的玻璃容器放到80℃的恒温器中1个月。然后把它取出,在室温下冷却过夜。以后,用与上述(Ⅰ)相同的方法,评估样品的透明度。
(Ⅲ)抗乳化性
根据JISK-2520的方法,测出直到乳化层消失的时间。测定结果定级如下:
乳化层消失时间(分) 定级
小於10 5
10~30 4
30~60 3
60~480 2
大于480 1
(3)检验结果
表1
检验项目 样品(Ⅰ) 样品(Ⅱ)
实施例1 实施例2
相容性 4 4 2
热稳定性 4 4 1
抗乳化性 5 5 5
检验实施例2
按下述方法检验本发明的液态环氧化烯类无规共聚物作为涂料添加剂的性能。
(1)样品的准备
将85分重环氧树脂A(Epomic R-140,Mitsui Petrochemical Industries,Ltd.生产),15分重环氧树脂B(Epomic R-094,上述同一公司生产)和5分实施例2中所制的环氧化共聚物很好地混合,加入35分二氧化硅粉(Crystallite A-1,Tatsumori Kogyo Co.,Ltd.生产),将此混合物很好地搅拌,得一环氧涂料(Ⅰ)。按上述同样的方法,用工业用的食用油聚合型阻沉降剂代替环氧化共聚物,制得供比较用的环氧涂料(Ⅱ)。
(2)检验方法
(Ⅰ)颜料沉降率
将样品放到直径18mm,高度45mm,配有盖子的玻璃容器中,至40mm高。放置1个月后,用下述公式计算颜料的沉降率。
式中
L0:颜料的灌装高度(40mm)
L:放置1个月后因颜料沉降引起的上部清亮层的高度。
(Ⅱ)流挂性能
将100分重涂料样品与28分重改性多胺型硬化剂(Epomic Q-636,Mitsui Petrochemical Industries,Ltd.生产)很好混合,並将此混合物涂在一玻璃板上。然后立即将涂好的玻璃板垂直固定好,涂层在这一状态下固化。在观察流挂性能的同时,测定不流挂处涂层的最大厚度。
(3)检验结果
表2
检验项目 环氧涂料(Ⅰ) 环氧涂料(Ⅱ)
颜料沉降率(%) 0 60
流挂性能(最大涂层厚度,微米) 115 小于75
检验实施例3
用下述方法检验本发明的液态羟基化烯类无规共聚物作为润滑油添加剂时的性能。
(1)样品的准备
将65分重聚-α-烯烃低聚物A(Mobil SHF-1001,由Mobil Chemicals生产)和35分重聚-α-烯烃低聚物B
(Synfluid 6 cst PAO,由Chevron Chemical Co.生产)放入300毫升烧杯中,用玻璃棒很好地混合。将1分重工业用的齿轮油包装型添加剂(TC9535;S24.1%,P1.8%,由Texaco Co.,Ltd.生产)和2分重的实施例4或6中所制得的羟基化共聚物的每一种,加进去。用同样方法,不加入羟基化共聚物,制得供比较用的润滑油样品(Ⅱ)。
(2)检验方法
按与检验实施例1相同的方法,检验样品的相容性,热稳定性和抗乳化性。
(3)检验结果
表3
检验项目 样品(Ⅰ) 样品(Ⅱ)
实施例4 实施例5
相容性 4 4 2
热稳定性 4 4 1
抗乳化性 5 5 5
检验实施例4
按下面的方法检验本发明的液态羟基化烯类无规共聚物作为涂料添加剂的性能。
(Ⅰ)样品的准备
将85分重的环氧树脂A(Epomic R-140,由Mitsui Petrochemical Industries,Ltd.生产),15分重环氧树脂B(Epomic R-094,由上述同一公司生产)以及3分
在实施例5中所制得的羟基化共聚物很好地混合,加入35分二氧化硅粉(Crystallite A-1,由Tatsumori Kogyo Co.,Ltd.生产),将此混合物好好地搅拌,得一环氧涂料(Ⅰ)。用与上述相同的方法,用工业用的植物油聚合型阻沉降剂而不用羟基化共聚物,制得供比较用的环氧涂料(Ⅱ)。
(2)检验方法
按与检验实施例2相同的方法,检验样品涂料的颜料沉降率和流挂性能。
表4
检验项目 环氧涂料(Ⅰ) 环氧涂料(Ⅱ)
颜料沉降率 0 60
流挂性能(最大涂层厚度,微米) 110 小于75
Claims (11)
1、一种润滑组合物,它包含以下成分:
(a)100重量份的选自矿物油和合成润滑油中的一种润滑油,以及
(b)每100重量份的上述润滑油,0.5-300重量份的一种由液态改性的烯类无规共聚物构成的润滑油添加剂,所述共聚物选自乙烯与含3-20个碳原子的α-烯烃的液态烯类无规共聚物的环氧化产物和乙烯与含3-20个碳原子的α-燃烃的液态烯类无规共聚物的羟基化产物,其中
(Ⅰ)这种液态改性的烯类无规共聚物的乙烯组分含量为10~85摩尔%。α-烯烃组分含量为15~90摩尔%,
(Ⅱ)在液态改性烯类无规共聚物的13C-NMR谱中,观察不到基于共聚物主链中两个相邻叔碳原子间的亚甲基链的αβ和βγ的信号。
(Ⅲ)这种液态改性烯类无规共聚物的数均分子时(Mn),用蒸汽压渗透压力计测定,为200~10000,和
(Ⅳ)当这种液态改性烯类无规共聚物是环氧化产物时,其中每一个环氧基位于液态烯类无规共聚物的聚合物链末端,其环氧基含量为0.01~0.5摩尔/100克液态环氧化烯类无规共聚物。
而当这种液态改性烯类无规共聚物是羟基化产物时,其中的每个羟基连结到来自乙烯或α-烯烃的碳原子上,并位于这种液态烯类无规共聚物的聚合物链末端,其羟基含量为0.01~1摩尔/100克液态羟基化烯类无规共聚物。
2、权利要求1的润滑油组合物,其中的液态改性烯类无规共聚物是液态环氧化烯类无规共聚物。
3、权利要求2的润滑油组合物,其中的液态环氧化烯类无规共聚物的乙烯组份含量为20~80摩尔%,α-烯烃组分含量为20~80摩尔%,其数均分子量,以蒸汽压渗透压力计测定,为300~8000,其环氧基含量为0.015~0.3摩尔/100克共聚物。
4、权利要求2的润滑油组合物,其中的液态环氧化烯类无规共聚物的乙烯组分含量为30~70摩尔%,α-烯烃组分含量为30~70摩尔%,其数均分子量,用蒸汽压渗透压力计测定,为500~5000,其环氧基含量为0.02~0.2摩尔/100克共聚物。
5、权利要求4的润滑油组合物,其中的α-烯烃是丙烯或1-己烯。
6、权利要求5的润滑油组合物,其中的液态环氧化烯类无规共聚物的分子量分布,以凝胶渗透色谱法测定,为1.3~2.5。
7、权利要求1的润滑油组合物,其中的液态改性烯类无规共聚物是液态羟基化烯类无规共聚物。
8、权利要求7的润滑油组合物,其中的液态羟基化烯类无规共聚物的乙烯组分含量为20~80摩尔%,α-烯烃组分含量为20~80摩尔%,其数均分子量,以蒸汽压渗透压力计测定,为300~8000,其羟基含量为0.015~0.5摩尔/100克共聚物。
9、权利要求8的润滑油组合物,其中的液态羟基化烯类无规共聚物的乙烯组分含量为30~70摩尔%,α-烯烃组分含量为30~70摩尔%,其数均分子量,以蒸汽压渗透压力计测定,为500~5000,其羟基含量为0.02~0.4摩尔/100克共聚物。
10、权利要求9的润滑油组合物,其中的α-烯烃是丙烯或1-己烯。
11、权利要求10的润滑油组合物,其中的液态羟基化烯类无规共聚物的分子量分布,以凝胶渗透色谱法测定,为1.3~2.5。
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP14158587A JPH0791338B2 (ja) | 1987-06-08 | 1987-06-08 | 液状エポキシ化変性エチレン系ランダム共重合体およびその用途 |
JP141,585/87 | 1987-06-08 | ||
JP141,584/87 | 1987-06-08 | ||
JP14158487A JPH07103181B2 (ja) | 1987-06-08 | 1987-06-08 | 液状ヒドロキシル化変性エチレン系ランダム共重合体およびその用途 |
Related Child Applications (1)
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CN92112349A Division CN1042640C (zh) | 1987-06-08 | 1992-10-17 | 油漆组合物 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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CN1031236A CN1031236A (zh) | 1989-02-22 |
CN1023815C true CN1023815C (zh) | 1994-02-16 |
Family
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CN88104507A Expired - Fee Related CN1023815C (zh) | 1987-06-08 | 1988-06-08 | 润滑油组合物 |
CN92112349A Expired - Fee Related CN1042640C (zh) | 1987-06-08 | 1992-10-17 | 油漆组合物 |
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CN92112349A Expired - Fee Related CN1042640C (zh) | 1987-06-08 | 1992-10-17 | 油漆组合物 |
Country Status (6)
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---|---|
US (1) | US4981605A (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0295026B1 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR910005677B1 (zh) |
CN (2) | CN1023815C (zh) |
CA (1) | CA1302002C (zh) |
DE (1) | DE3880893T2 (zh) |
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US4943383A (en) * | 1988-06-23 | 1990-07-24 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Novel lubricant epoxides |
JPH02298510A (ja) * | 1989-05-12 | 1990-12-10 | Daicel Chem Ind Ltd | エポキシ化合物 |
US5252677A (en) * | 1990-11-20 | 1993-10-12 | Mitsubishi Petrochemical Company Limited | Functionalized olefin polymers |
EP0487278B1 (en) * | 1990-11-20 | 1996-01-31 | Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation | Functionalized olefin polymers |
US5382604A (en) * | 1991-10-07 | 1995-01-17 | Shell Oil Company | Crosslinked epoxy functionalized polydiene block polymers and adhesives |
US5229464A (en) * | 1991-04-29 | 1993-07-20 | Shell Oil Company | Epoxidized viscous conjugated diene block copolymers |
US5686535A (en) * | 1991-04-29 | 1997-11-11 | Shell Oil Company | Viscous conjugated diene block copolymers |
US5399626A (en) * | 1991-04-29 | 1995-03-21 | Shell Oil Company | Viscous conjugated diene block copolymers |
JP3176386B2 (ja) * | 1991-04-30 | 2001-06-18 | 三菱化学株式会社 | アミノ基含有重合体 |
GB9120773D0 (en) * | 1991-10-01 | 1991-11-13 | Ici Plc | Modified olefin polymers |
US5455307A (en) * | 1992-04-03 | 1995-10-03 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | Polymeric stabilizers for polyolefins |
US5688887A (en) * | 1992-05-26 | 1997-11-18 | Amoco Corporation | Reactive, low molecular weight, viscous poly(1-olefins) and copoly(1-olefins) and their method of manufacture |
US6043401A (en) * | 1992-05-26 | 2000-03-28 | Bp Amoco Corporation | Reactive, low molecular weight, viscous poly(1-olefins) and copoly(1-olefins) and their method of manufacture |
JPH07507352A (ja) * | 1992-05-26 | 1995-08-10 | ビーピー・コーポレーション・ノース・アメリカ・インコーポレーテッド | 反応性で低分子量の粘性ポリ(1−オレフィン)及びコポリ(1−オレフィン)、及びそれらの製造方法 |
US5247026A (en) * | 1992-06-19 | 1993-09-21 | Shell Oil Company | Randomly epoxidized small star polymers |
US5554310A (en) | 1992-12-17 | 1996-09-10 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | Trisubstituted unsaturated polymers |
IL107927A0 (en) | 1992-12-17 | 1994-04-12 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc | Oil soluble ethylene/1-butene copolymers and lubricating oils containing the same |
US5536772A (en) * | 1993-06-18 | 1996-07-16 | Shell Oil Company | Radiation cured conjugated diene block copolymer compositions |
USH1517H (en) * | 1993-07-12 | 1996-02-06 | Shell Oil Company | Radiation curable printing ink composition |
DE19621969A1 (de) * | 1996-05-31 | 1997-12-04 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von kristallinen Polymerisaten durch Dispersionspolymerisation in Gegenwart von Metallocenkatalysatorsystemen |
US7795347B2 (en) | 2003-03-14 | 2010-09-14 | Mitsui Chemicals, Inc. | Multi-branched polymer, process for producing the same, and applications thereof |
CN1894289A (zh) * | 2003-12-17 | 2007-01-10 | 三井化学株式会社 | 含环氧基低分子量乙烯类聚合物、电子照相调色剂用脱模剂及静电荷图像显影用电子照相调色剂 |
EP1719794B1 (en) * | 2004-01-30 | 2017-01-04 | Mitsui Chemicals, Inc. | Novel polymers and uses thereof |
US8519057B2 (en) * | 2007-06-01 | 2013-08-27 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Impact modification and functionalization of copolymers of olefins and dienes |
CN102471393B (zh) * | 2009-07-29 | 2013-12-04 | 陶氏环球技术有限责任公司 | 多功能链穿梭剂 |
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US2833787A (en) * | 1955-03-15 | 1958-05-06 | Shell Dev | Epoxidation process using hydrogen peroxide and an acid salt of a heavy metal peracid |
US2839515A (en) * | 1955-10-17 | 1958-06-17 | Union Carbide Corp | Copolymers of ethylene and alpha unsaturated olefins |
NL269997A (zh) * | 1960-10-24 | |||
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US3472826A (en) * | 1968-05-23 | 1969-10-14 | Union Carbide Corp | Saturated hydrocarbon prepolymer and reaction products thereof |
DD102712A1 (zh) * | 1972-09-08 | 1973-12-20 | ||
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DE3678024D1 (de) * | 1985-03-26 | 1991-04-18 | Mitsui Petrochemical Ind | Fluessiges statisches ethylencopolymer, verfahren zur herstellung und anwendung desselben. |
JPH0778096B2 (ja) * | 1987-03-26 | 1995-08-23 | 三井石油化学工業株式会社 | 液状酸化変性エチレン系ランダム共重合体、その製法およびその用途 |
-
1988
- 1988-06-01 US US07/201,024 patent/US4981605A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-06-02 CA CA000568400A patent/CA1302002C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-06-06 DE DE88305129T patent/DE3880893T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-06-06 EP EP88305129A patent/EP0295026B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-06-08 KR KR1019880006821A patent/KR910005677B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-06-08 CN CN88104507A patent/CN1023815C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1992
- 1992-10-17 CN CN92112349A patent/CN1042640C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0295026A2 (en) | 1988-12-14 |
DE3880893T2 (de) | 1993-12-23 |
DE3880893D1 (de) | 1993-06-17 |
CN1042640C (zh) | 1999-03-24 |
US4981605A (en) | 1991-01-01 |
CN1071441A (zh) | 1993-04-28 |
CN1031236A (zh) | 1989-02-22 |
KR910005677B1 (ko) | 1991-08-01 |
KR890000530A (ko) | 1989-03-15 |
EP0295026A3 (en) | 1990-01-17 |
CA1302002C (en) | 1992-05-26 |
EP0295026B1 (en) | 1993-05-12 |
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