CN102369158A - 生产高纯硅的方法 - Google Patents
生产高纯硅的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN102369158A CN102369158A CN201080011131XA CN201080011131A CN102369158A CN 102369158 A CN102369158 A CN 102369158A CN 201080011131X A CN201080011131X A CN 201080011131XA CN 201080011131 A CN201080011131 A CN 201080011131A CN 102369158 A CN102369158 A CN 102369158A
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- silicon
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- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 5
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 abstract 3
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000011856 silicon-based particle Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910021332 silicide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- FVBUAEGBCNSCDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicide(4-) Chemical compound [Si-4] FVBUAEGBCNSCDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910021346 calcium silicide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910005347 FeSi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910005881 NiSi 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
- C01B33/02—Silicon
- C01B33/037—Purification
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
- C01B33/02—Silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/80—Compositional purity
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Silicon Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种生产高纯硅的方法,所述方法包括提供含有1-10%重量钙的熔融硅、浇铸所述熔融硅、破碎所述硅、将破碎的硅在HCl和/或HCl+FeCl3的水溶液中进行第一溶浸步骤,以及在HF和HNO3的水溶液中进行第二溶浸步骤。此后,在1250℃-1420℃的温度对溶浸的硅颗粒进行热处理至少20分钟的时间,并在HF和HNO3水溶液中对热处理的硅进行第三溶浸步骤。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种生产高纯硅的方法。
背景技术
从美国专利4,539,194号知道一种生产纯硅的方法,其中将一种或多种钙化合物加入到熔融的冶金级硅中,加入的量足以得到含有约1.0-约10.0%重量钙的熔融硅。浇铸钙掺混(alloy)硅,将固化的硅预破碎,然后通过使用FeCl3和HCl的水溶液对其进行溶浸步骤。该第一溶浸步骤导致硅的分解,其中对洗涤之后所得的硅晶粒进行使用HF和HNO3的水溶液的第二溶浸步骤。当掺混钙的熔融硅固化时,钙的主要部分沿着硅的晶界固化为钙-硅化物相。该钙-硅化物相还含有冶金级硅中含有的大部分其他杂质元素,特别是铁、铝、钛、钒、铬等。含这些杂质的钙-硅化物相在溶浸步骤期间溶解,因此从硅颗粒中除去了钙-硅化物相中包含的杂质元素。通过美国专利4,539,194号的方法得到了非常好的结果。然而,已经发现并非所有的钙-硅化物相都在固化硅的晶界上出现。一些钙-硅化物相被隔离在硅晶粒内部和狭窄的通道中,因此在美国专利4,539,194号的溶浸步骤期间不能接触到酸溶液。
因此需要一种方法,以进一步精炼通过美国专利4,539,194号的方法纯化的硅。
发明概述
本发明因此涉及一种生产高纯硅的方法,所述方法包括提供含有1-10%重量钙的熔融硅;浇铸所述熔融硅;破碎所述硅;将破碎的硅在HCl和/或HCl+FeCl3的水溶液中进行第一溶浸步骤以及在HF和HNO3的水溶液中进行第二溶浸步骤,所述方法的特征在于,在1250℃-1420℃的温度对溶浸的硅颗粒进行热处理至少20分钟的时间,并在HF和HNO3的水溶液中对热处理的硅进行第三溶浸步骤。
优选热处理在高于1300℃的温度进行,更优选在高于1400℃的温度进行。
优选在第三溶浸步骤后用水洗涤硅颗粒。
热处理可作为间歇过程或者连续进行。连续热处理例如可在具有水平移动带的隧道式炉中进行。
已意想不到地发现,在热处理过程中含有杂质元素的残余钙-硅化物相和FeSi2相熔融,并且迁移出至硅颗粒的表面。另外,在热处理过程中其他硅化物相例如Cu3Si、NiSi2、CuFeSi、FeNiCuSi等也迁移到硅颗粒表面。这些已迁移到硅颗粒表面的相随后在第三溶浸步骤中溶解,从而在第三溶浸步骤之后得到非常纯的硅颗粒。据相信,在低于硅熔点的温度,熔融硅化物相迁移到硅颗粒表面可能是由于以下事实:当固体硅被加热到高温时,硅化物相熔融并经历体积膨胀,同时硅经历体积增加,因此对熔融硅化物相产生力,将熔融硅化物相从硅颗粒的狭窄通道挤出到硅颗粒外表面。在进一步冷却时,熔融硅化物相在硅颗粒表面上固化。
发明详述
实施例1:
将已按照美国专利4,539,194号的方法掺混钙并溶浸的硅颗粒样品分别在1250℃、1400℃和1420℃热处理约60分钟,此后在HF+HNO3的水溶液中溶浸,用水清洗得到的硅颗粒并干燥。
表1、2和3显示热处理前和HF+HNO3溶浸后的元素分析,以及通过本方法得到的杂质元素的减少百分比。
表1.在1250℃热处理并用HF+HNO3溶浸的硅颗粒
表2.在1400℃热处理并用HF+HNO3溶浸的硅颗粒
表3.在1420℃热处理并用HF+HNO3溶浸的硅颗粒
从表1、2和3中可以看出,当热处理在1250℃进行时,已得到硅颗粒中的杂质元素含量明显减少,并且随着热处理温度的升高,减少的杂质元素含量增加相当明显。对于在1420℃的热处理,杂质元素的减少水平为80%以上。在此温度硅几乎是熔融状态,且熔融的硅化物相偏析至硅颗粒表面。随着新的多晶结构的形成,晶粒内通道重新形成。
Claims (4)
1.一种生产高纯硅的方法,所述方法包括提供含有1-10%重量钙的熔融硅;浇铸所述熔融硅;破碎所述硅;将破碎的硅在HCl和/或HCl+FeCl3的水溶液中进行第一溶浸步骤以及在HF和HNO3的水溶液中进行第二溶浸步骤,其特征在于,在1250℃-1420℃的温度对溶浸的硅颗粒进行热处理至少20分钟的时间,并在HF和HNO3的水溶液中对热处理的硅进行第三溶浸步骤。
2.权利要求1的方法,其特征在于,所述热处理在高于1300℃的温度进行,更优选在高于1400℃的温度进行。
3.权利要求1或2的方法,其特征在于,所述热处理在具有水平移动带的隧道式炉中进行。
4.权利要求1-3的方法,其特征在于,在所述第三溶浸步骤后用水洗涤所述硅颗粒。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NO20093054A NO331026B1 (no) | 2009-09-23 | 2009-09-23 | Fremgangsmate for fremstilling av hoyrent silisium |
NO20093054 | 2009-09-23 | ||
PCT/NO2010/000332 WO2011037473A1 (en) | 2009-09-23 | 2010-09-09 | Method for producing high purity silicon |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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CN102369158A true CN102369158A (zh) | 2012-03-07 |
CN102369158B CN102369158B (zh) | 2014-05-14 |
Family
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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CN201080011131.XA Active CN102369158B (zh) | 2009-09-23 | 2010-09-09 | 生产高纯硅的方法 |
Country Status (10)
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US (1) | US8920761B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP2480497B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN102369158B (zh) |
BR (1) | BRPI1005443B1 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2744802C (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2627503T3 (zh) |
IN (1) | IN2012DN01681A (zh) |
MY (1) | MY166519A (zh) |
NO (1) | NO331026B1 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2011037473A1 (zh) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102642838A (zh) * | 2012-04-28 | 2012-08-22 | 中国科学院福建物质结构研究所 | 采用火法冶金与湿法冶金连用技术提纯高纯硅材料的方法 |
CN106629735A (zh) * | 2016-12-09 | 2017-05-10 | 永平县泰达废渣开发利用有限公司 | 一种适用于硅厂的智能控制配料分离系统 |
CN110508552A (zh) * | 2019-09-27 | 2019-11-29 | 江苏美科硅能源有限公司 | 一种表面附氧化物的原生硅料的处理方法 |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
TWI465577B (zh) | 2012-06-25 | 2014-12-21 | Silicor Materials Inc | 純化鋁之方法及使用純化之鋁純化矽之方法 |
KR101733325B1 (ko) | 2012-06-25 | 2017-05-08 | 실리코르 머티리얼즈 인코포레이티드 | 실리콘의 정제 방법 |
NO339608B1 (no) * | 2013-09-09 | 2017-01-09 | Elkem Solar As | Multikrystallinske silisiumingoter, silisiummasterlegering, fremgangsmåte for å øke utbyttet av multikrystallinske silisiumingoter for solceller |
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US2885364A (en) * | 1955-05-31 | 1959-05-05 | Columbia Broadcasting Syst Inc | Method of treating semiconducting materials for electrical devices |
US4379777A (en) * | 1980-10-15 | 1983-04-12 | Universite De Sherbrooke | Purification of metallurgical grade silicon |
US4539194A (en) * | 1983-02-07 | 1985-09-03 | Elkem A/S | Method for production of pure silicon |
US4643833A (en) * | 1984-05-04 | 1987-02-17 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method for separating solid reaction products from silicon produced in an arc furnace |
US4828814A (en) * | 1985-03-13 | 1989-05-09 | Sri International | Process for purification of solid material |
CN1409691A (zh) * | 1999-12-08 | 2003-04-09 | 埃尔凯姆公司 | 冶金级硅的精炼 |
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IT1100218B (it) * | 1978-11-09 | 1985-09-28 | Montedison Spa | Procedimento per la purificazione di silicio |
CA1289333C (en) * | 1986-03-07 | 1991-09-24 | Angel Sanjurjo | Process for purification of solid material |
US5648042A (en) * | 1995-10-10 | 1997-07-15 | Centorr/Vacuum Industries, Inc | High-temperature belt furnace apparatus and method of using same |
-
2009
- 2009-09-23 NO NO20093054A patent/NO331026B1/no unknown
-
2010
- 2010-09-09 CA CA2744802A patent/CA2744802C/en active Active
- 2010-09-09 WO PCT/NO2010/000332 patent/WO2011037473A1/en active Application Filing
- 2010-09-09 EP EP10819087.7A patent/EP2480497B1/en active Active
- 2010-09-09 CN CN201080011131.XA patent/CN102369158B/zh active Active
- 2010-09-09 BR BRPI1005443-0A patent/BRPI1005443B1/pt active IP Right Grant
- 2010-09-09 MY MYPI2012000613A patent/MY166519A/en unknown
- 2010-09-09 US US13/133,914 patent/US8920761B2/en active Active
- 2010-09-09 ES ES10819087.7T patent/ES2627503T3/es active Active
-
2012
- 2012-02-24 IN IN1681DEN2012 patent/IN2012DN01681A/en unknown
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US2885364A (en) * | 1955-05-31 | 1959-05-05 | Columbia Broadcasting Syst Inc | Method of treating semiconducting materials for electrical devices |
US4379777A (en) * | 1980-10-15 | 1983-04-12 | Universite De Sherbrooke | Purification of metallurgical grade silicon |
US4539194A (en) * | 1983-02-07 | 1985-09-03 | Elkem A/S | Method for production of pure silicon |
US4643833A (en) * | 1984-05-04 | 1987-02-17 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method for separating solid reaction products from silicon produced in an arc furnace |
US4828814A (en) * | 1985-03-13 | 1989-05-09 | Sri International | Process for purification of solid material |
CN1409691A (zh) * | 1999-12-08 | 2003-04-09 | 埃尔凯姆公司 | 冶金级硅的精炼 |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102642838A (zh) * | 2012-04-28 | 2012-08-22 | 中国科学院福建物质结构研究所 | 采用火法冶金与湿法冶金连用技术提纯高纯硅材料的方法 |
CN102642838B (zh) * | 2012-04-28 | 2014-10-15 | 中国科学院福建物质结构研究所 | 采用火法冶金与湿法冶金连用技术提纯高纯硅材料的方法 |
CN106629735A (zh) * | 2016-12-09 | 2017-05-10 | 永平县泰达废渣开发利用有限公司 | 一种适用于硅厂的智能控制配料分离系统 |
CN110508552A (zh) * | 2019-09-27 | 2019-11-29 | 江苏美科硅能源有限公司 | 一种表面附氧化物的原生硅料的处理方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CA2744802C (en) | 2017-01-03 |
BRPI1005443B1 (pt) | 2020-08-11 |
WO2011037473A1 (en) | 2011-03-31 |
IN2012DN01681A (zh) | 2015-06-05 |
CN102369158B (zh) | 2014-05-14 |
EP2480497A4 (en) | 2016-06-15 |
EP2480497B1 (en) | 2017-03-15 |
BRPI1005443A2 (pt) | 2016-03-08 |
NO20093054A1 (no) | 2011-03-24 |
US20110250118A1 (en) | 2011-10-13 |
US8920761B2 (en) | 2014-12-30 |
EP2480497A1 (en) | 2012-08-01 |
CA2744802A1 (en) | 2011-03-31 |
MY166519A (en) | 2018-07-05 |
ES2627503T3 (es) | 2017-07-28 |
NO331026B1 (no) | 2011-09-12 |
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