CN102338955A - Tft像素单元 - Google Patents

Tft像素单元 Download PDF

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CN102338955A
CN102338955A CN2011102260207A CN201110226020A CN102338955A CN 102338955 A CN102338955 A CN 102338955A CN 2011102260207 A CN2011102260207 A CN 2011102260207A CN 201110226020 A CN201110226020 A CN 201110226020A CN 102338955 A CN102338955 A CN 102338955A
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electrode
semiconductor layer
tft
section
pixel cell
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CN102338955B (zh
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康志聪
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TCL China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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Shenzhen China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to PCT/CN2011/079557 priority patent/WO2013020318A1/zh
Priority to US13/376,594 priority patent/US20130038517A1/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L27/00Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
    • H01L27/02Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier; including integrated passive circuit elements with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier
    • H01L27/12Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier; including integrated passive circuit elements with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier the substrate being other than a semiconductor body, e.g. an insulating body
    • H01L27/1214Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier; including integrated passive circuit elements with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier the substrate being other than a semiconductor body, e.g. an insulating body comprising a plurality of TFTs formed on a non-semiconducting substrate, e.g. driving circuits for AMLCDs
    • H01L27/124Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier; including integrated passive circuit elements with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier the substrate being other than a semiconductor body, e.g. an insulating body comprising a plurality of TFTs formed on a non-semiconducting substrate, e.g. driving circuits for AMLCDs with a particular composition, shape or layout of the wiring layers specially adapted to the circuit arrangement, e.g. scanning lines in LCD pixel circuits
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L29/00Semiconductor devices adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching, or capacitors or resistors with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof  ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/66Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
    • H01L29/68Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor controllable by only the electric current supplied, or only the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched
    • H01L29/76Unipolar devices, e.g. field effect transistors
    • H01L29/772Field effect transistors
    • H01L29/78Field effect transistors with field effect produced by an insulated gate
    • H01L29/786Thin film transistors, i.e. transistors with a channel being at least partly a thin film
    • H01L29/78642Vertical transistors
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/136Liquid crystal cells structurally associated with a semi-conducting layer or substrate, e.g. cells forming part of an integrated circuit
    • G02F1/1362Active matrix addressed cells
    • G02F1/136286Wiring, e.g. gate line, drain line
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2201/00Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00
    • G02F2201/40Arrangements for improving the aperture ratio

Abstract

本发明公开一种TFT像素单元,其包含扫描线、第一绝缘层、资料线、源极段、半导体层、漏极段及像素电极。所述第一绝缘层设于扫描线上并包覆其内侧面。资料线与扫描线彼此绝缘交错而共同定义一像素区。漏极段自资料线一侧延伸出而配置于第一绝缘层上。半导体层设置于漏极段的顶面。源极段设置于所述半导体层的顶面。漏极段、半导体层与源极段邻近扫描线的内侧面。像素电极设置像素区内并连接源极段。所述资料线、漏极段、半导体层与源极段构成一纵向堆叠结构的TFT开关,减少了开口率的损失。

Description

TFT像素单元
【技术领域】
本发明是有关于一种液晶面板的像素单元,特别是有关于一种具有纵向结构的TFT像素单元。
【背景技术】
请参考图1所示,是现有TFT(thin-film transistor,薄膜晶体管)像素单元的结构示意图。一般来说,TFT像素单元包含扫描线90、资料线91、像素电极(图中未示)及开关单元93,所述开关单元93包含栅极930、半导体层931、漏极932以及源极933。所述栅极930是所述扫描线90的一部分。所述半导体层931设置于所述栅极930上。所述漏极932则自所述资料线91一侧延伸出而配置于所述半导体层931上。所述源极933则配置于所述半导体层931上并连接所述像素电极。对栅极930施加适当电压,即可在半导体层931形成电子通道,而使漏极932与源极933之间形成导通状态,达到开关的作用,此时,连接源极933的像素电极即可被充电。从图1可知,所述漏极932与所述源极933是配置于所述半导体层931的顶面。
快速的充电能力及高开口率(aperture ratio)是一般TFT液晶显示器对像素单元的设计需求。就现有技术而言,一般可藉由减少通道宽度(如图1的C)或者增大源极与漏极之间的通道范围,来提高像素单元的充电能力。
然而,减少通道宽度通常需要辅以特殊光罩及光阻的配合,制作设计困难。而增大通道范围则会造成开口率的损失,使TFT液晶显示器的光穿透率下降。
故,有必要提供一种TFT像素单元,以解决现有技术所存在的问题。
【发明内容】
有鉴于现有技术的缺点,本发明的主要目的在于提供一种TFT像素单元,其通过纵向的TFT像素结构,减少了开口率的损失。
为达成本发明的前述目的,本发明提供一种TFT像素单元,包含:
一扫描线,具有一内侧面;
一第一绝缘层,设于所述扫描线上并包覆所述内侧面;
一资料线,与所述扫描线彼此绝缘交错而共同定义一像素区;
一漏极段,自所述资料线一侧延伸出而配置于第一绝缘层上;
一半导体层,设置于所述源极段的顶面;
一源极段,设置于所述半导体层的顶面,所述漏极段、半导体层与所述源极段邻近所述扫描线的内侧面;以及
一像素电极,设置所述像素区内并连接所述源极段。
在本发明的一实施例中,所述源极段的宽度与所述半导体层的宽度相等。
在本发明的一实施例中,所述TFT像素单元还包含一共电极线与一第二电极,其中所述共电极线是隔着所述第一绝缘层绝缘地配置于所述像素电极底下,并与所述扫描线平行,且与所述资料线绝缘交错;所述第二电极是对应所述共电极线的位置而设于所述第一绝缘层上,并连接所述像素电极。
在本发明的一实施例中,所述TFT像素单元还包含一第二绝缘层,其中所述第二绝缘层是覆盖所述源极段、所述半导体层、所述漏极段及所述第二电极,并具有一对应所述源极段的第一穿孔,所述像素电极是通过所述第一穿孔连接所述源极段。
在本发明的一实施例中,所述第二绝缘层还具有一对应所述第二电极的第二穿孔,所述像素电极是通过所述第二穿孔连接所述第二电极。
在本发明的一实施例中,所述半导体层包含非晶硅层及n型非晶硅层。
本发明主要是将所述资料线、漏极段、半导体层与源极段构成一纵向堆叠结构的TFT开关,减少了开口率的损失。
【附图说明】
图1是现有TFT像素单元的局部平面图。
图2是本发明TFT像素单元一较佳实施例的局部平面图。
图3是图2沿A-A’的剖视图。
【具体实施方式】
为让本发明上述目的、特征及优点更明显易懂,下文特举本发明较佳实施例,并配合附图,作详细说明如下。再者,本发明所提到的方向用语,例如「上」、「下」、「前」、「后」、「左」、「右」、「内」、「外」、「侧面」等,仅是参考附加图式的方向。因此,使用的方向用语是用以说明及理解本发明,而非用以限制本发明。
请参考图2及图3所示,图2及图3分别为本发明TFT像素单元一较佳实施例的局部平面图及剖视图。本发明的TFT像素单元是应用于薄膜晶体管液晶显示器,包含有一扫描线10、一第一绝缘层11、一资料线12、一漏极段13、一半导体层14、一源极段15以及一像素电极16。
所述扫描线10是导电材料所构成,具有一内侧面100。
所述第一绝缘层11是通过沉积方式设于所述扫描线10上并包覆所述内侧面100。所述第一绝缘层11优选是氮化硅(SiNx)或氧化硅(SiOx)薄膜。
所述资料线12与所述扫描线10是利用所述第一绝缘层11而彼此绝缘交错,且所述资料线12与所述扫描线10共同定义一像素区。
所述漏极段13自所述资料线12一侧延伸出而配置于第一绝缘层上11。更详细地,所述漏极段13是沿着与所述扫描线10平行的方向延伸,而隔着所述第一绝缘层11邻近所述扫描线10的内侧面100。
所述半导体层14是设置于所述漏极段13的顶面。同样的,所述半导体层14是沿着与所述扫描线10平行的方向延伸,而隔着所述第一绝缘层上11邻近所述扫描线10的内侧面100。所述半导体层14优选是包含非晶硅层14a(Amorphus Silicon,a-Si)及n型非晶硅层14b。
所述源极段15是设置于所述半导体层14的顶面。同样的,所述源极段15是沿着与所述扫描线10平行的方向延伸,而隔着所述第一绝缘层上11邻近所述扫描线10的内侧面100。所述源极段15的宽度优选是与所述半导体层14的宽度相等。
所述像素电极16是设置所述像素区内并连接所述源极段15。
本实施例中,本发明TFT像素单元还包含一共电极线17、一第二电极18及一第二绝缘层19。
所述共电极线17是隔着所述第一绝缘层11绝缘地配置于所述像素电极16底下,并与所述扫描线10平行,且同样与所述资料线12绝缘交错。
所述第二电极18是对应所述共电极线17的位置而设于所述第一绝缘层11上,并连接所述像素电极16。所述第二电极18与所述共电极线17构成一可储存像素电压的储存电容。
所述第二绝缘层19是覆盖所述漏极段13、所述半导体层14、所述源极段15及所述第二电极18。再者,所述第二绝缘层19具有一对应所述源极段15的第一穿孔200,使所述像素电极16可通过所述第一穿孔200连接所述源极段15。所述第二绝缘层19还具有一对应所述第二电极18的第二穿孔201,使所述像素电极16可通过所述第二穿孔201连接所述第二电极18。
本发明的TFT像素单元中,所述漏极段13、半导体层14与源极段15所堆叠而成的结构隔着所述第一绝缘层11而相对所述扫描线10形成一纵向对叠的TFT开关架构,其中所述扫描线10即为栅极端。当扫描线10接收适当电压时,所述半导体层14即在所述漏极段13与源极段15之间形成电子通道。而此半导体层14可通过沉积工艺达到需求的膜厚,进而产生小通道高电流充电的功能。
由上述说明可知,相较于现有TFT像素单元的源极配置于半导体层的顶面,本发明的TFT像素单元的漏极段13、半导体层14与源极段15构成纵向对叠的TFT开关架构,相对减少了开口率的损失,进而有助于提升液晶显示器的画质。
本发明已由上述相关实施例加以描述,然而上述实施例仅为实施本发明的范例。必需指出的是,已公开的实施例并未限制本发明的范围。相反地,包含于权利要求书的精神及范围的修改及均等设置均包括于本发明的范围内。

Claims (6)

1.一种TFT像素单元,其特征在于:所述TFT像素单元包含:
一扫描线,具有一内侧面;
一第一绝缘层,设于所述扫描线上并包覆所述内侧面;
一资料线,与所述扫描线彼此绝缘交错而共同定义一像素区;
一漏极段,自所述资料线一侧延伸出而配置于第一绝缘层上;
一半导体层,设置于所述源极段的顶面;
一源极段,设置于所述半导体层的顶面,所述漏极段、半导体层
与所述源极段邻近所述扫描线的内侧面;以及
一像素电极,设置所述像素区内并连接所述源极段。
2.如权利要求1所述的TFT像素单元,其特征在于:所述源极段的宽度与所述半导体层的宽度相等。
3.如权利要求1所述的TFT像素单元,其特征在于:所述TFT像素单元还包含一共电极线与一第二电极,其中所述共电极线是隔着所述第一绝缘层绝缘地配置于所述像素电极底下,并与所述扫描线平行,且与所述资料线绝缘交错;所述第二电极是对应所述共电极线的位置而设于所述第一绝缘层上,并连接所述像素电极。
4.如权利要求3所述的TFT像素单元,其特征在于:所述TFT像素单元还包含一第二绝缘层,其中所述第二绝缘层是覆盖所述漏极段、所述半导体层、所述源极段及所述第二电极,并具有一对应所述源极段的第一穿孔,所述像素电极是通过所述第一穿孔连接所述源极段。
5.如权利要求4所述的TFT像素单元,其特征在于:所述第二绝缘层还具有一对应所述第二电极的第二穿孔,所述像素电极是通过所述第二穿孔连接所述第二电极。
6.如权利要求1所述的TFT像素单元,其特征在于:所述半导体层包含非晶硅层及n型非晶硅层。
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CN103022150B (zh) * 2012-12-25 2015-05-20 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 一种薄膜晶体管、其制备方法、阵列基板及显示装置
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