CN102318532A - Jujube tree cultivation management method suitable for multi-fruit bagging - Google Patents
Jujube tree cultivation management method suitable for multi-fruit bagging Download PDFInfo
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- CN102318532A CN102318532A CN201110240657A CN201110240657A CN102318532A CN 102318532 A CN102318532 A CN 102318532A CN 201110240657 A CN201110240657 A CN 201110240657A CN 201110240657 A CN201110240657 A CN 201110240657A CN 102318532 A CN102318532 A CN 102318532A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a jujube tree cultivation management method suitable for multi-fruit bagging. A method of applying fruit-bearing agent, snapping jujube tree heads, pruning secondary branches on the back, reserving obliquely growing secondary branches, applying flower thinner and conducting bagging is adopted to improve the fruit bearing rate of a jujube tree, to prevent jujube fruits from being infected by diseases and insects and being cracked and to realize the fruit-crack-free, disease-and-insect-free, high-quality and high-yield cultivation of the jujube trees.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of jujube cultivation management method, be specially and a kind ofly adopt chemistry to bear fruit and chemical flower thinning method makes jujube tree be suitable for carrying out the cultivation management methods of many fruit baggings.
Background technology
Red date is an indefinite inflorescence, along with growing of inflorescence, has the limit and blooms, and bear fruit in the limit, the habit of limit shedding.Cause each jujube to hang on average to bloom surplus in the of 90 piece, but the number of on average bearing fruit is merely 1-2, fruit-setting rate is lower.The way of flower thinning is not adopted in the management of tradition jujube cultivation.Existing jujube tree florescence management mainly is to adopt spray gibberellin, spray foliage fertilizer and break the fruit-setting rate that improves red date except that the first-class technology of jujube off with the fingers and thumb.Owing to still pay attention to utilize upright lignification jujube to hang the conventional art of bearing fruit, fundamentally do not change the branch state of bearing fruit.Therefore, it is bigger to increase the fruit-setting rate difficulty.This in addition upright branch method of bearing fruit that lays particular emphasis on can not be suitable for the cultivation management technology of jujube tree bagging.
Because various damage by disease and insect take place, must spray every year and apply a large amount of agricultural chemicals and prevent and treat in the tradition jujube growth process.When the fructescence was near in the fall in addition, the north is rainwater season just, and unbroken rainwater makes the red date dehiscent fruit very serious, simultaneously the generation of grave illness evil more.People have taked multiple safeguard procedures for this reason, as add a cover methods such as rain-proof shelter, use film bag.But these methods have in use increased production cost, and effect is unsatisfactory.Though for preventing that dehiscent fruit from having certain effect, is difficult to prevent the generation of disease.Invented the cultivation method of jujube tree bagging for this reason.Handle through the secondary branch of bearing fruit being carried out bagging, both can prevent to cause a large amount of dehiscent fruit phenomenons of jujube, also can reduce disease infection, insect pest generation simultaneously because of autumn is rainy.Therefore significantly reduce the use of agricultural chemicals, eliminated the residue of pesticide on the jujube fruit fully.Adopt this method also to prevent preharvest drop effectively in addition, prolonged fruit growth period, improved fruit appearance and interior quality and high quality fruit rate.It is present the most successful a kind of jujube cultivation management method.Adopt papery U fruit bag that jujube is really carried out many fruit baggings like Chinese patent 200910075853.3 disclosed " a kind of red date bag and method for using "; Basically stopped sick worm harm through the jujube fruit of bagging; Quality percentage reaches more than 75%, and the dehiscent fruit control rate reaches more than 85%.But this red date bag is to adopt jujube hanging sleeve bag method, and promptly two to three jujubes of suit hang in each bag.Because it is very big that jujube hangs quantity, can only select some more jujubes of bearing fruit to lift up into capable bagging, and also still bigger in bagging process workload, efficient is not high.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the above-mentioned deficiency that prior art exists, a kind of jujube cultivation management methods that are applicable to many fruit baggings are provided, solved jujube tree bagging worker and measured greatly, problem such as efficient is lower, and the jujube tree fruit-setting rate is low.
A kind of jujube cultivation management method that is applicable to many fruit baggings of the present invention is characterized in that the secondary branch of selecting to bear fruit concentrated carries out bagging.
A kind of jujube cultivation management method that is applicable to many fruit baggings is characterized in that described secondary branch is for tiltedly giving birth to the secondary branch.
Described a kind of jujube cultivation management method that is applicable to many fruit baggings is characterized in that comprising the steps:
1., when jujube on the jujube tree in the garden hangs flowering rate when reaching 40%, spray fruit-setting agent continuously three times, once a day, jujube is really concentrated be sitting in jujube and is hung the middle and lower part;
2., repeatedly break off with the fingers and thumb when spraying fruit-setting agent except that the jujube head, dredge from base portion and remove setting jujube head that the jujube thigh sprouts entirely, reduce the nutrient consumption of jujube tree, and pour water and top dressing 1-2 time interval 5-7 days;
3., selectivity dredge to remove the secondary branch, back secondary branch all dredged removed, keep and tiltedly give birth to the secondary branch;
4., when early stage young fruit development to shelled peanut when size, sprayed Flower thinning agent in continuous two days, dredge and remove jujube and hang the later stage flower;
5., bagging, the concentrated oblique living secondary branch of selecting to bear fruit carries out bagging.
Described a kind of jujube cultivation management method that is applicable to many fruit baggings; Fruit-setting agent wherein is that ten thousand times of gibberellin aqueous solution of 4-4.5 or the said gibberellin aqueous solution and concentration are the mixed liquor of the 5-20mg/kg methyl aqueous solution, and the said gibberellin aqueous solution is 6-7 with the ratio of the methyl aqueous solution: 3-4's.
Described a kind of jujube cultivation management method that is applicable to many fruit baggings, fruit-setting agent wherein is the brassinosteroid of 10-15PPm and the arbitrary proportion mixture of the aqueous solution of urea that concentration is 0.2-0.3%.
Described a kind of jujube cultivation management method that is applicable to many fruit baggings, Flower thinning agent wherein is Du Pont's lucky star aqueous solution of 1: 600 of concentration.
A kind of jujube cultivation management method that is applicable to many fruit baggings of the present invention; Employing is particularly tiltedly given birth to the method that secondary branch integral body is carried out bagging with the secondary branch; Improved the efficiency of bagging process, particularly the whole bagging of secondary branch can have been strengthened the ventilation effect in the bag, the jujube in the favourable bag is really grown; Can also strengthen the wind loading rating of bag, prevent that bag from coming off.Method of the present invention adopts and sprays fruit-setting agent and break the fruit-setting rate that improves the flower in early stage except that the measure of jujube head off with the fingers and thumb, guarantees that each jujube has hung on 15 to 20 left and right sides date fruits and beared fruit at present; And the later stage spray Flower thinning agent, remove the flower in late period, hang on same period not jujube fruit and grow simultaneously and consume the problem of nutrition to reduce jujube.Through carrying out the later stage bagging after above-mentioned a series of measures, guarantee not receive courses of infection in the jujube fruit growth and development stage, not soaked by rainwater and the result that produces serious harm jujube fruit matter such as dehiscent fruit, output takes place.Through 2 years comparative trials, the jujube tree single plant yield that adopts this method to carry out bagging reached 15 jin, and per mu yield reaches 1500 jin.2009 with disease in 2010 and dehiscent fruit comparatively under the serious situation, jujube garden large tracts of land bagging well really rate reach 85%.And the fruit of the jujube in bag stature is even, and the body pork is thick, does not have residue of pesticide fully.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the red date bag structural representation.
Fig. 2 has little opening and both ends open is the red date bag structural representation of V-arrangement shape.
Fig. 3 is that two ends are the red date bag structural representation of U-shaped opening.
Bag edge dotted line is bonding portion not among the figure, comprises V-arrangement opening 5 and U-shaped opening 7, and near the dotted line the little opening 3, dual-side is to be fixed on to tie up bar 6 in the bag, and the two ends solid line is for tying up the bar exposed parts.
Among the figure, the 1-bag, the 2-side, the little opening of 3-, the last edge sealing of 4-, 5-V shape opening, 6-ties up bar, 7-U shape opening.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1; Middle Shanxi somewhere Zao Yuan, 80 mu of areas, mu is planted jujube tree 100 strains; On June, the middle ten days jujube tree large tracts of land bloom when reaching 40% left and right sides; Spray 1 every day: ten thousand times of gibberellin aqueous solution of 4-4.5, the perhaps above-mentioned gibberellin aqueous solution and concentration are that the mixed liquor of the 5-20mg/kg methyl aqueous solution sprays, and the mixed proportion of the two is a gibberellin: methyl equals 6-7: 3-4.Above-mentioned solution sprays three times continuously, and once a day, the time of spraying is before 9 o'clock every mornings.Jujube after spraying fruit-setting agent hangs to bear fruit and mainly concentrates on the middle and lower part that jujube hangs, and each jujube hangs bears fruit approximately between 10-20, accounts for several 35-50% of blooming early stage, and presents string shape form.When spraying fruit-setting agent, break the operation except that the jujube head off with the fingers and thumb, the jujube head that the jujube thigh on the whole tree is sprouted removes from base portion is thin, consumes a large amount of nutritions of setting body to reduce the quick growth of the jujube head of sprouting because of the jujube thigh.For the jujube that guarantees to have beared fruit fruit nutrition supply, prevent physiological fallen fruit, also to pour water one to twice and carry out top dressing in the same period, twice about 5-7 days blanking time, top dressing is main with nitrogen, phosphate fertilizer.Selectivity is dredged and is removed the secondary branch, will give birth to whole the dredging of back secondary branch then and remove, and keeps and tiltedly gives birth to the secondary branch.
After 15-20 days, approximately about the last ten-days period in June, when young fruit development when being slightly less than shelled peanut (6-8mm) left and right sides, spray Flower thinning agent every day one time, as 1: 600 be Du Pont's lucky star aqueous solution of 1: 600 with the Tebuconazole aqueous solution or concentration, connect and sprayed two days.Jujube more than 90% is hung the later stage spend to dredge and remove through spraying behind the Flower thinning agent.Overlap bag operation to the first tenday period of a month in July; Adopting special-purpose papery fruit bag that whole jujubes of tiltedly giving birth to the secondary branch on the jujube thigh are hung about 6-15 is inserted in the bag; Bag one end tie up the binding of bar and secondary branch base portion; The bar of tying up of the other end ties mouth, keeps three to four ends that jujube hangs simultaneously and stretches out the bag outside.Jujube fruit behind the bagging has certain isolation with external environment condition, and the fungi in the environment is difficult to get into infection jujube fruit in the bag with vapours.During to the last ten-days period in September, the north is rainy season in autumn, and the jujube fruit of this moment is the maturing stage closely; Abstain from most that long-time surface gets wet, be very easy to produce dehiscent fruit this moment, and after adopting technology of the present invention; Really be inserted in jujube in the bag; Jujube fruit and rainwater are isolated, even there is a small amount of rainwater to get in the bag, also can be along the sack outflow of bag inwall from the bottom.
Bagging Bag structure and bagging method are following:
The red date bag of accompanying drawing 1 is by two rectangles that possess waterproof, printing opacity function or the paper of other shape, and through the bag 1 that two sides, 2 bondings constitute, it is the bag material that present embodiment adopts parchment.There is V-arrangement opening 5 at the two ends of bag 1, the bag both sides respectively have one through whole bag tie up bar 6, firm in order to guarantee colligation; Tie up strip adoption wire material; Like the iron wire of diameter 1mm, the above-mentioned bar of tying up is both as the fixing bag of colligation, also as the supporting member of bag.
Shown in Figure 2, be designed with little opening 3 in the outside of tying up bar 6, the effect of this little opening is to guarantee to get into the interior water of bag to discharge at any time, can in bag, not be detained.There is the little edge sealing 4 of fixedly tying up bar 6 little opening inboard.Two ports of bag 1 shown in Figure 3 are U-shaped opening 7.
Method for using is:
Bear fruit better secondary branch and whole branches is inserted in from bag one end opening of selection, jujube hangs or the end of branch is stretched out by other end opening.Earlier jujube is hung or 6 two terminations of bar of tying up of branch arrival end tie each other, it is fixing to make top be inserted in end, then the bottom jujube is hung or two of branch external part opening part tie up bar and tie.Jujube hangs and secondary branch terminal sagging naturally, and end place opening is put suitable getting final product with end place opening during colligation down naturally.
Discharge smoothly in order to ensure moisture in the bag, can adopt the bag of structure as shown in Figure 2, little opening 3 promptly is set respectively in the bag both sides,, also can discharge smoothly along little opening 3 even moisture gets into bag both sides of the edge or place, slit.
Jujube hangs or the end of branch stretches out port about two or three blades, perhaps one or two terminal branches and leaves of branch; Bag is hung by jujube or the branches and leaves of branch support, the red date fruit since sagging being embedded in the branches and leaves of conducting oneself with dignity do not come in contact with the bag inwall, the vegetative period of red date inner bag remain the state of propping up.
Bag 1 adopts parchment to make, and how this parchment material guarantees the bag inner wall smooth, is easy to moisture and discharges, and outside waterproof once had the continuous two weeks rainy day in process of the test, the sign of still not intaking in the bag.And meeting with 9 grades of fitful winds and with when raining heavyly, a bag shape does not change basically, has only a spot of bag to occur tearing and obscission.
Bagging adopts parchment to make, and tying up bar is 1mm square-section wire, the length of bagging: wide is 600: 500mm; The wide 400mm of V-arrangement opening; The wide 50mm of little opening.
Bagging adopts parchment to make, and tying up bar is 1mm square-section wire, the length of bagging: wide is 300: 200mm; The wide 300mm of U-shaped opening.
Claims (6)
1. a jujube cultivation management method that is applicable to many fruit baggings is characterized in that the secondary branch of selecting to bear fruit concentrated carries out bagging.
2. according to a kind of jujube cultivation management method that is applicable to many fruit baggings of claim 1, it is characterized in that described secondary branch is for tiltedly giving birth to the secondary branch.
3. a kind of jujube cultivation management method that is applicable to many fruit baggings according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that comprising the steps:
1., when jujube on the jujube tree in the garden hangs flowering rate when reaching 40%, spray fruit-setting agent continuously three times, once a day, jujube is really concentrated be sitting in jujube and is hung the middle and lower part;
2., break off with the fingers and thumb continuously when spraying fruit-setting agent except that the jujube head, dredge from base portion and remove setting jujube head that the jujube thigh sprouts entirely, reduce the nutrient consumption of jujube tree, and pour water and top dressing 1-2 time interval 5-7 days;
3., selectivity dredge to remove the secondary branch, back secondary branch all dredged removed, keep and tiltedly give birth to the secondary branch;
4., when early stage young fruit development to shelled peanut when size, sprayed Flower thinning agent in continuous two days, dredge and remove jujube and hang the later stage flower;
5., bagging, the concentrated oblique living secondary branch of selecting to bear fruit carries out bagging.
4. be applicable to the jujube cultivation management methods of many fruit baggings according to claim 3 a kind of; It is characterized in that described fruit-setting agent is that ten thousand times of gibberellin aqueous solution of 4-4.5 or the said gibberellin aqueous solution and concentration are the mixed liquor of the 5-20mg/kg methyl aqueous solution, the said gibberellin aqueous solution is 6-7 with the ratio of the methyl aqueous solution: 3-4's.
5. according to a kind of jujube cultivation management method that is applicable to many fruit baggings of claim 3, it is characterized in that described fruit-setting agent is the brassinosteroid of 10-15PPm and the arbitrary proportion mixture of the aqueous solution of urea that concentration is 0.2-0.3%.
6. according to claim 3,4 or 5 described a kind of jujube cultivation management methods that are applicable to many fruit baggings, it is characterized in that described Flower thinning agent is that concentration is Du Pont's lucky star aqueous solution of 1: 600.
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| CN201110240657A CN102318532A (en) | 2011-08-20 | 2011-08-20 | Jujube tree cultivation management method suitable for multi-fruit bagging |
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| CN201110240657A CN102318532A (en) | 2011-08-20 | 2011-08-20 | Jujube tree cultivation management method suitable for multi-fruit bagging |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103918650A (en) * | 2014-04-09 | 2014-07-16 | 河北省农林科学院昌黎果树研究所 | Growth regulator for improving fruit setting rate of peaches and regulating method |
| CN107056506A (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2017-08-18 | 陕西德耳作物营养科技有限公司 | A kind of nutrition medicament, preparation method and application method for improving winter jujube fruit-setting rate |
| CN108522130A (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2018-09-14 | 徐州佳昶农业科技股份有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods increasing grape fruit-setting rate |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103918650A (en) * | 2014-04-09 | 2014-07-16 | 河北省农林科学院昌黎果树研究所 | Growth regulator for improving fruit setting rate of peaches and regulating method |
| CN103918650B (en) * | 2014-04-09 | 2015-09-30 | 河北省农林科学院昌黎果树研究所 | Improve growth regulator and the control method of peach fruit-setting rate |
| CN107056506A (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2017-08-18 | 陕西德耳作物营养科技有限公司 | A kind of nutrition medicament, preparation method and application method for improving winter jujube fruit-setting rate |
| CN108522130A (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2018-09-14 | 徐州佳昶农业科技股份有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods increasing grape fruit-setting rate |
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Application publication date: 20120118 |