CN102295350B - Method for treating microcystis bloom in high circulating type water source reservoir - Google Patents
Method for treating microcystis bloom in high circulating type water source reservoir Download PDFInfo
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- CN102295350B CN102295350B CN 201110236715 CN201110236715A CN102295350B CN 102295350 B CN102295350 B CN 102295350B CN 201110236715 CN201110236715 CN 201110236715 CN 201110236715 A CN201110236715 A CN 201110236715A CN 102295350 B CN102295350 B CN 102295350B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of environmental pollution treatment, and discloses a method for treating microcystis bloom in a high circulating type water source reservoir. The treatment method comprises the following steps: putting the filter feeding organisms and regulating the water body, the filter feeding organisms put in the method for treating microcystis bloom in a high circulating type water source reservoir is only the filter feeding fishes, and the varieties of the filter feeding fishes prefer to live at a middle layer or an upper layer of water. After implementing the invention, the microcystis bloom is not existed in the reservoir with out changing the eutrophication (nitrogen and phosphor) degree.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to administer the algal bloom technical field, particularly a kind of technology of administering microcystis waterbloom in the high circulation type water source reservoir.
Background technology
Along with body eutrophication situations such as domestic and international Hu Ku are serious day by day, are that the blue-green alga bloom of representative becomes eco-catastrophe with the Microcystis aeruginosa, and storehouse, lake type drinking water source is threatened.Tracing it to its cause is can generate Microcystin in the Microcystis aeruginosa process of growth, and this toxin is the activity of arrestin Phosphoric acid esterase consumingly, is a kind of strong carcinogenic promoting agent.Microcystin vitality tanacity, conventional tap water treatment process and the sterilization method of water boil all is difficult to effectively remove Microcystin (Microcystins), and the Microcystin that remains in the food and drinking water causes great threat to human health.
Administer at Microcystis aeruginosa (Microcystis) wawter bloom, proposed a lot of improvement methods both at home and abroad, cut down technique for fixing, Salvage and Wreck Removal technology, shading technology, biological control technology etc. as nutritive salt.Wherein, non-classical bio operon technology has obtained more utilization in lake, the improvement of reservoir algae, all be to utilize non-classical bio operon to control the technology of storehouse, lake wawter bloom as Chinese invention patent publication number 1562809A, Chinese invention patent grant number 100519442.But these technology all respectively have applicable elements, can not be effectively at the characteristics effect of making the most of the advantage of high circulation type water source reservoir.
Once utilized as the old capable reservoir in Shanghai of high circulation type water source reservoir and to put silver carp and water level management method in a suitable place to breed and carried out the microcystis waterbloom in about 3 years and administer, do not reach the expection management goal.Major cause is that this reservoir circulation is big, annual water body mean residence time is no more than 8 days, the water level daily amplitude is up to 1 meter, the overall turbidity of water body is higher, primary productivity is low, total amount of algae is few and water body top layer Microcystis aeruginosa is more, causes the filter feeder survival rate of putting in a suitable place to breed low, can't embody the filter eclipse effect of Microcystis aeruginosa.Microcystis waterbloom improvement for this class water body need be taked new improvement technology.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of high circulation type water source reservoir microcystis waterbloom improvement method.Under the prerequisite that does not change water quality characteristic in the reservoir, by putting suitable filter feeder in a suitable place to breed, and according to weather condition regulation and control water inlet, make reservoir level remain on reasonable level, eat the usefulness of Microcystis aeruginosa particle to give full play to the filter feeder filter, and realize that the high circulation reservoir water body residence time rationalizes most.
Owing to still lack clear and definite definition, high circulation type of the present invention water source reservoir refers to that the water body mean residence time is less than 15 days and as the reservoir of resource of water supply.Microcystis waterbloom of the present invention refers to the wawter bloom that Microcystis aeruginosa grows and forms when vigorous.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts following method, comprising:
A. filter feeder is thrown in;
I. water body regulation and control;
The filter feeder of throwing in the described high circulation type water source reservoir microcystis waterbloom improvement method has only filter ichthyophagy class, and the piscivorous kind of described filter is for liking movable at the middle and upper levels filter ichthyophagy class.
Preferably, described filter ichthyophagy class is selected silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) for use.
Preferred, the release time of described silver carp is: throw in annual February.
Preferred, the input specification of described silver carp is the individuality of 500g-1000g/ tail.
Further preferred, the input density of described silver carp is 10g-15g/m
2
Preferably, hydraulic detention time and the technical scheme of controlling flooding time in the reservoir in the control reservoir have been adopted in described water body regulation and control, and the length of hydraulic detention time is in the described reservoir: in 6 days, described reservoir stops into water morning and the period in the morning.
Preferred, described reservoir stops into water in 4:00-9:00.
Further preferred, the flooding time of described reservoir is 0:00-3:59 and 9:01-23:59.
Design concept of the present invention is: ecological management is the basic ideas that solve reservior blue-green alga bloom, is the important technical that adopts in the governance process and throw in filter feeder.But at high circulation type water source reservoir, because the reservoir circulation is big, mean residence time is short, water level daily amplitude height, the overall turbidity of water body is higher, and primary productivity is low, characteristics such as the few and water body top layer Microcystis aeruginosa of total amount of algae is more, the improvement gimmick of the filter feeder that employing is three-dimensional multiple also is not suitable for, and consequently causes the low survival rate of the filter feeder of putting in a suitable place to breed, and causing filtering eclipse effect can't embody.To solve the microcystis waterbloom phenomenon at short notice, must choose filter feeder at the specific body of water aspect, and adopt atypia bio operon method to cooperate the water body regulation and control to ensure the realization of filter food effect.
1. throwing in fingerling selects: high circulation type reservoir is because the water body mean residence time is short, have along depth of water direction algae overall consistency reduce, primary productivity is low and Microcystis aeruginosa survival space generally based on characteristics such as surface waters, therefore should throw in happiness movable filter-feeding fish at the middle and upper levels, and controlling other fish throws in, in order to avoid the fish of throwing in fight for effective water body food, cause the fingerling of needs to be difficult to long-time survival because of deprivation of food.Find that through test for many years high circulation type reservoir should only be thrown in silver carp and be advisable.
2. the atypia bio operon method of silver carp: early stage control belongs to non-classical bio operon technology to the Microcystis aeruginosa particle to utilize filter-feeding fish, but for high circulation type reservoir, the difference of the release time of silver carp, input specification and input density all can cause survival rate and have a strong impact on, thereby significantly reduces filter food effect.Through test for many years, for high circulation type reservoir, we have carried out following improvement and innovation:
(1) the silver carp release time: the best release time of silver carp is annual February.Find that through drop-test for many years for high circulation type reservoir, water body is mobile big, reservoir inlet area particularly, it is too early to throw in the silver carp time, will make silver carp be subjected to the water impact time and increase that the loss of fish body increases, and is unfavorable for bringing into play the filter-feeding energy of silver carp.Release time is slow excessively, and fish body survival rate is affected, and can't reach the purpose of early stage control Microcystis aeruginosa particle.We find that in test the silver carp of throwing in January can be concentrated dead situation in appearance by the end of March, and the silver carp of throwing in March is follow-up also constantly concentrated dead, and the silver carp survival condition that throw in the following February of comparing is best.
(2) silver carp is thrown in specification: silver carp is thrown in specification and is advisable with the 500-1000g/ tail.Find that through overtesting for high circulation type reservoir, because water flow impact pressure is bigger, specification significantly reduces less than the silver carp survival rate of 500g/ tail, and specification reduces obviously in the time of water body upper strata activity greater than the silver carp of 1000g/ tail, causes filter food efficient to reduce.
(3) silver carp is thrown in density: silver carp is thrown in density should be at 10g/m
2～15g/m
2Because high circulation type reservoir Microcystis aeruginosa zone of action based on surface water, with respect to calculate the fish amount of putting in a suitable place to breed with unit volume, is put the fish amount in a suitable place to breed with unit surface calculating and more can truly be reflected water body alga-controlling demand fish amount.
3. water body regulation and control.Administer angle from algae, water body is more short more good in the reservoir residence time, but for the water source reservoir, needing in the reservoir to guarantee does not influence water supply security when certain water level with assurance the burst pollution incident takes place, and this is one of reason that causes reservoir algal bloom problem.Because reservoir water outlet change in water source is less relatively, the reservoir water yield and hydraulic detention time are controlled by feed-water end.And test discovery through us, select rational hydraulic detention time and water inlet also particularly important to Microcystis aeruginosa control opportunity.
(1) hydraulic detention time: test of many times discovery water source reservoir hydraulic detention time should be controlled in 6 days.Test through us finds that if hydraulic detention time surpasses 6 days, Microcystis aeruginosa will significantly promote in the speed of growth of surface water.
(2) flooding time: field observation shows that Microcystis aeruginosa has the advantages that to float in this time period from the morning to the morning, and silver carp also has the characteristics in the come-up in morning.Therefore, give full play to the filter-feeding energy of silver carp, need keep the steady of current during this period of time to 9:00 at 4:00, to satisfy the condition that Microcystis aeruginosa and silver carp float simultaneously, reach the purpose that improves filter food effect.So the planted agent stops into water during this period of time.
The advantage of this aspect is, referring to table 1:
Table 1 the present invention and other similar approach are relatively
Embodiment
Further set forth patent of the present invention below in conjunction with specific embodiment, should be understood that these embodiment only are used for explanation patent of the present invention and are not used in the protection domain that limits patent of the present invention.
Be example with the old capable reservoir in Shanghai, this reservoir is one of main waterhead area in Shanghai, the about 1.3km of area
2, about 8,600,000 m of usable storage
3, rush day in summer service discharge reaches 2,000,000 m
3, the reservoir circulation is good, and turbidity is every year at 30NTU, but total nitrogen surpasses 2.0mg/L, and total phosphorus surpasses 0.1mg/L, and the microcystis waterbloom problem also once took place in history.
According to Test Summary for many years, implement according to the technology of the present invention thinking and with the parameter shown in the table 2, obtained good regulation effect.
The old capable reservoir of table 2 is administered and is implemented parameter
Old capable reservoir is typical high circulation type water source reservoir, and it is big that it has the reservoir circulation, and mean residence time is short, water level daily amplitude height, characteristics such as the overall turbidity of water body is higher, and primary productivity is low, and the few and water body top layer Microcystis aeruginosa of total amount of algae is more.The inventor is according to above-mentioned reservoir characteristics, at the specific body of water top layer, choose hobby the silver carp of upper strata water body activity as filter feeder.For choosing of other filter feeders, test-results demonstration zooplankton and zoobenthos survival rate in high circulation type reservoir are low, should not be as the filter feeder of Microcystis aeruginosa in the high circulation type reservoir.The inventor is at the bigger characteristics of high circulation type reservoir water flow impact pressure, selects for use and throws in fish in February, and select the input scheme of 1000g/ tail for use; The more characteristics of water body top layer Microcystis aeruginosa are selected 10g/m for use according to total amount of algae is few
2Input density; For reach hydraulic detention time 6 days with interior effect, the inventor is according to the particular case of old capable reservoir, setting reservoir level is less than 6.5m; Because Microcystis aeruginosa has the advantages that to float in this time period from the morning to the morning, and silver carp also has the characteristics in the come-up in morning, for giving full play to the filter-feeding energy of silver carp, the inventor controls the reservoir flooding time at every day 0:00-4:00 and 9:00-24:00.
After implementing technical solution of the present invention, the microcystis waterbloom phenomenon does not appear in the old capable reservoir again, but the not change of nutrition (nitrogen, phosphorus) degree, its result is as shown in table 3:
Nutrition degree contrast before and after the old capable reservoir of table 3 is administered
| Before the scheme implementation (2009) | Behind the scheme implementation (2010) | |
| Transparency | Less than 0.4m | Less than 0.4m |
| Total nitrogen is average | 2.3mg/L | 2.2mg/L |
| Total phosphorus is average | 0.1mg/L | 0.1mg/L |
| Oxygen-consumption is average | 2.1mg/L | 2.2mg/L |
High circulation type water source reservoir is as the important source of urbanite water consumption, its water quality safety broad masses' deeply concerned interests, and the quality at water source in the microcystis waterbloom phenomenon serious threat reservoir that is on the rise.The inventor provides a kind of improvement method of administering microcystis waterbloom at short notice at the characteristics of high circulation type water source reservoir, has improved the water quality at water source conscientiously, has ensured broad masses' interests.
Claims (1)
1. microcystis waterbloom improvement method in the high circulation type water source reservoir comprises:
1. filter feeder is thrown in;
2. water body regulation and control;
The filter feeder of throwing in the described high circulation type water source reservoir microcystis waterbloom improvement method has only filter ichthyophagy class, and the piscivorous kind of described filter is hobby movable filter ichthyophagy class at the middle and upper levels, and described filter ichthyophagy class is selected silver carp for use; The input density of described silver carp is 10g-15g/m
2The release time of described silver carp is: throw in annual February; Hydraulic detention time and the technical scheme of controlling flooding time in the reservoir in the control reservoir have been adopted in described water body regulation and control, the length of hydraulic detention time is in the described reservoir: in 6 days, described reservoir stops into water morning and the period in the morning, the input specification of described silver carp is the individuality of 500g-1000g/ tail, described reservoir stops into water in 4:00-9:00, and the flooding time of described reservoir is 0:00-3:59 and 9:01-23:59.
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| CN101962227B (en) * | 2009-07-23 | 2012-09-05 | 上海海洋大学 | Method for removing water eutrophication |
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