CN1022839C - 官能化聚胺螯合剂及其铑配合物和它们的制备方法 - Google Patents
官能化聚胺螯合剂及其铑配合物和它们的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1022839C CN1022839C CN88104543A CN88104543A CN1022839C CN 1022839 C CN1022839 C CN 1022839C CN 88104543 A CN88104543 A CN 88104543A CN 88104543 A CN88104543 A CN 88104543A CN 1022839 C CN1022839 C CN 1022839C
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- rhodium
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- methyl
- nitrogen
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Abstract
本文公开了一组与铑形成配合物的官能化聚胺螯合剂。该铑配合物能够与抗体或抗体断片连接,并用于诊断和治疗的目的。
Description
本发明涉及官能化聚胺螯合剂及其铑配合物和它们的制备方法。
众所周知,官能化螯合剂,或双官能配位剂能以共价键的形式联接到具有癌或肿瘤细胞表位特性或抗原特性的抗体上,作为一种将放射性核素输送到癌或肿瘤细胞上的方法,这些抗体/螯合剂共轭物的放射性核素配合物可用于诊断和/或治疗的目的。例如,参见Meares等,Anal.Biochem.142,PP.68-78,(1984);和Krejcarek等,Biochem and Biophys.Res.Comm.,77,PP.581-585(1977)。
现有技术中制备这些配合物的工艺方法包括用过量的放射性核素处理抗体/螯合剂共轭物,以制成配合物,然后纯化该配合物。该方法的主要缺点是为了快速地与抗体/螯合剂共轭物螯合,放射性核素(镧系元素或过渡金属元素)必须是动态不稳定的。这个特性是不利的,因为动态不稳性(或取代不稳定性)会导致产生与配合物的血清稳定性有关的问题。即在有血清存在的情况下,放射性核素易于从配合物中游离出来。这种配合物的较差血清稳定性会导致治疗和/或诊断(推测)效果的减弱,并会对正常组织造成较大可能性的一般辐射损伤[Cole等,J.Nucl.Med.,28,PP.83-90(1987)]。更准确地说,对于含有67Cu、90Y,57Co,和111In的配合物已表明血清稳定性是一疑难问题(Brechbeil等,Inorg.Chem.,25,PP.2772-2781(1986)]。
用不稳定的放射性核素使抗体标记的另一个缺点是替代的不稳定的痕量金属(不具有放射性的金属)常常混入到螯合物中。由于这种无活性痕量金属的竞争导致较少量的放射性核素被输送到靶位,故减弱了抗体/螯合物配合物的生物效能。
在现有技术中,对螯合剂放射性核素来说,已知的多数双官能配位剂或官能化的螯合剂是羧甲基化的胺衍生物,例如官能化形式的乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)(美国专利4622420)或二亚乙基三胺五乙酸(DTPA)(美国专利4479930和4454106)。在美国专利4622420中只是一般地提到EDTA衍生物也可使铑的离子形式螯合。然而,被告知铑,特别是铑(Ⅲ)是惰性过渡金属元素的替代物,并进一步得知形成其EDTA配合物所需要的温度和时间的极限条件(Dwyer等,J.Amer.Chem.Soc.,83,PP.4823-4826(1960))。此外,据报道乙二胺二琥珀酸在低于100℃的温度下,任意pH条件下,将不与铑(Ⅲ)形成配合物(J.A.Neal and N.J.Rose,Inorg.Chem.,12,1226-1232(1972))。
四氮杂螯合剂[Troutner等,J.Nucl.Med.,21,PP.443-448(1980)]和亚烷基胺肟(美国专利4615876)已被用来螯合99mTc,这是一种具有仅适合诊断工作用的核性质的同位素。
铑-105不但是r射线发射体(适于诊断工作)而且是短半衰期β射线发射体(适于治疗工作)。由于铑-105能够用于诊断和治疗,并且由于铑是惰性元素的替代物,所以能够与放射性铑形成配合物的官能化螯合剂是最理想的,因为这种螯合剂能够与抗体联接。从文献中得知,天然存在的铑(Ⅲ)的四氮杂配合物有线性胺类(例如Bosnich等,J.Chem.Soc.See.A,PP.1331-1339(1966))和大环胺类[E.J.Bounsall and S.R.Koprich,Canadian Journal of Chemistry,48(10),PP.1481-1491(1970)];然而,适于配合放射性铑并随后与抗体联接的官能化多氮杂螯合物在此以前还鲜为人知。
本发明涉及与铑形成配合物的双官能螯合剂。该双官能螯合剂最好用来配合放射性铑,例如铑-105(105Rh)和铑-101m(101mRh)。这些双官能螯合剂还可以用于配合和铼。所形成的配合物能够与抗体或其断片联接(共价键合),从而达到治疗或诊断的目的。更准确地说,本发明是关于下式的化合物:
其中:
每个R分别表示一个含有2~10个碳原子(最好为2或3个碳离子)的直链或支链的亚烷基。但当用R基连接任意两个相邻氮原子时,R基必须提供至少为三个位于两个相邻连接氮原子间的单键;
每个R1分别表示氢或一个含有1~10个碳原子的直链或支链的亚烷基(最好为氢或甲基);
X和X1表示氢,或X和X1完全接合成一个桥连的含有2~10个碳原子的直链或支链的亚烷基,或一个桥连的芳亚烷基,其中的亚烷基是含有2-10个碳原子的直链或支链亚烷基(最好X和X1表示氢,或当X、X1接合时表示苄基或含有2或3个碳原子的亚烷基),但当X和X1合成一个基时,该基表示必须有至少三个位于相邻连接氮原子间的单键;
n是0或1的整数,但当L基键合到同一氮原子上时,n必须是0,否则n必须是1;
Y是包括1~3的整数(最好为整数1);
L是一个共价键合到任意一个氮原子或碳原子上的连接基(Linker)/间隔基(Spacer),从而置换出氮原子或碳原子上的一个氢原子,所说的连接基/间隔基表示为下式:
其中:
S是0或1的整数;
t是包括0至20的整数(最好是0至6的整数);
R2是一个可以与抗体或其断片以共价键相连的亲电或亲核部分,或是一个能够与抗体或其断片相连接的合成连接基;
CYc表示一个环脂族部分,芳香族部分(最好是苯基)、脂族杂环部分,或芳族杂环部分,所说的每一部分可用一个或多个基团任意取代,这些基团不影响与抗体或抗体断片的结合。
但是,Ⅰ式化合物不得是3-(4-氨基丁基)-1,5,8,12-四氮杂环十四烷。
本发明还涉及铑配合物和与式Ⅰ的螯合剂形成的铑螯合物/抗体共轭物;但是对于这些铑配合物和铑螯合物/抗体共轭物,关于3-(4-氮基丁基)-1,5,8,12-四氮杂环十四烷并没有限制。此外,本发明还包括铑螯合剂/抗体组合物,该组合物是由本发明的铑螯合物/抗体共轭物和药用载体组成,一般在这些组合物中的药用载体是液体。本发明还包括一种通过铑螯合物/抗体组合物的投药来诊断或治疗哺乳动物疾病的方法,该方法特别适合用于诊断和治疗癌症。
为方便起见,CYc在本文中通常简称为“CYc”。在CYc部分中,苯基和取代的苯基是优选的,其中苯基是最优选的CYc部分。
本文中下面所用的术语有如下意义:
就R2的定义而言,“亲电”部分包括:异硫氰酸盐、溴乙酰胺、马来酰亚胺、亚氨酯、硫代苯邻二甲酰亚胺、N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺酯、吡啶基二硫化物和叠氮基苯;但不只限这些。适宜的“亲核”部分包括:羧基、氨基、酰基酰肼、氨基脲、氨基硫脲,但不只限于这些。“合成连接基”包括任何合成的有机或无机连接基,这些连接基能够与抗体或抗体断片以共价键的形式连接,优选的合成连接基是在病人的血清中稳定的生物降解合成连接基,但这种生物降解合成连接基在对放射性同位素有清除作用的器官内有一潜在的酶分裂作用,例如生物降解肽或含基团的肽。在亲电部分中异硫氰酸盐是优选的,而在亲核部分中,氨基、羧基、氨基脲、氨基硫脲是优选的。R2的性质和/或位置对螯合反应没有显著的干扰是最理想的。
术语“亚烷基”是指-(CH2)n-基,其中n是1至10的整数。这些基也可以是支链的,但碳原子的总数不能超过10。
术语“芳亚烷基”是指-(CH)n-基,其中n是2至10的整数,R是芳基部分,如苄基、苯基、或由一个或多个羟基、C1~C3烷基、C1~C3烷氧基或卤素(最好是氯或溴)取代的苯基。
术语“哺乳动物”指年幼时靠乳腺分泌的乳液来养育的那些动物,主要是温血动物,特别是人类。
“抗体”是指多克隆、单克隆、嵌合体抗体(chimericantibody)或异种抗体,最好是单克隆抗体。“抗体断片”包括Fab断片和F(ab1)2断片,
并且抗体的任何部分对一个所需的表位或多个表位都有专一性。当使用术语“铑螯合物/抗体共轭物”时,其中的“抗体”包括全部抗体和/或抗体断片,包括其半合成的或遗传工程的变异体。
“铑配合物”是指式Ⅰ化合物的配合物,其中至少有一个铑原子被螯合;“铑螯合物/抗体共轭物”是指以共价键连接到抗体或抗体断片上的铑配合物;当铑连带着“天然存在”时是指用标准工艺方法从天然源中提纯而获得的元素,该元素含有几种同位素,其中大部分是非放射性的元素;当铑连带着“放射性”时是指能够放射α、β和/或r粒子的一种或多种铑元素的同位素,例如105Rh;“铑”或者是指放射性铑,或者是指天然存在的铑或其混合物。
术语“双官能配位剂”和“官能化螯合剂”可以交换使用,主要指具有能够与铑螯合的螯合剂部分和以共价键连接到螯合剂部分的连接基/间隔基部分的化合物,这些连接基或间隔基能够起到与抗体或抗体断片以共价键形式连接的作用
这里所用的“BA-CYclam”是指化合物3-[4-(氨基苯基)甲基]-1,5,8,12-四氮杂环十四烷;“BA-2,3,2-tet”是指化合物6-[4-(氨基苯基)甲基]-1,4,8,11-四氮杂十一烷;“PA-2,3,2-tet”是指化合物6-(3-氨基丙基)-1,4,8,11-四氮杂十一烷;而“BA-N-CYclen”指化合物1,4,7,10-四氮杂-1-[(4-氨基苯基)甲基]环十二烷。BA-CYclam、BA-2,3,2-tet、BA-N-CYclen和PA-2,3,2-tet用下列化学式表示:
BA-CYclam
BA-2,3,2-tet
BA-N-cyclen
PA-2,3,2-tet
优选的Ⅰ式化合物是BA-cyclam,BA-2,3,2-tet,PA-2,3,2-tet和BA-N-CYclen以及它们分别与Rh(Ⅲ)的配合物。
优选的本发明铑配合物是其化学式表示如下的盐:
其中:
Ch表示化学式Ⅰ的化合物:
P1和P2表示单齿配位体或合在一起表示二齿配位体(P1P2),P1与P2可以相同或不同,但是其限定条件是:(a)如果Ⅰ式中y是2,则P2不存在;(b)如果Ⅰ式中y是3,则P1和P2不存在。
A表示一个或多个带有足够电荷使整个配合物成为中性的阴离子。P1和P2的例子有F-、Cl-、Br-,I-、CN-,NCO-,SCN-,N3,OH-和H2O,P1P2的例子有C2O4和乙二胺。A的成员包括F-,Cl-,Br-,I-,CN-,NCO-,SCN-,N3,ClO4,BF4,BPh4,NO3和PF6。
通常,化学式Ⅱ的这些铑配合物是由普通的铑原材料RhQ·nH2O[Q是卤化物(有足够的量平衡铑),且nH2O是水合物(当需要时),例如卤化铑水合物]与双官能配合剂一起在水溶液中通过回流来制备,pH值滴定到7左右或用缓冲剂控制pH到7左右。通常,配位体P1和P2是用于铑原材料中的卤素或H2O抗衡离子,A,可以是用于铑原材料中的卤素。其它配位体,P1和P2,或抗衡离子,A,可以被取代,或者通过将它们加入到初始原料中,或者在后续的回流步骤中来进行,
用柱色谱法提纯配合物。
本文所述的官能化聚胺(即化学式Ⅰ的化合物)能够用于螯合铑以便形成铑螯合物(在本文中也称之为“铑配合物”)。由于官能化部分的存在(在式Ⅰ中用L表示),铑配合物能与官能化载体例如官能化的聚合载体连接,最好与抗体或抗体断片以共价键形式连接。在本文所述的铑螯合物/抗体共轭物中使用的抗体或抗体断片可以用现有技术制备。高特异性的单克隆抗体可用本领域中熟知的杂化技术制备,参考例如Kohler and Milstein[Na-ture,256,PP.495-497(1975);and Eur.J.Immunol.,6,PP.511-519(1976)]。这些抗体通常具有高特异性反应性。在铑螯合物/抗体共轭物瞄准的抗体中,可以使用对准任意所要求的抗原或半抗原的抗体,用于铑螯合物/抗体共轭物中的抗体最好是单克隆抗体,或对所要求的表位具有高特异性的抗体断片。本发明中所用的抗体可以对准例如肿瘤、细菌、真菌、病毒、寄生物、类菌质体、变异和共它细胞膜抗原,病原体表面抗原、毒素、酶、变应原、药物和任何生物活性分子。更完整的抗原目录表见美国专利4193983。对于诊断和/或治疗各种癌症,铑螯合物/抗体共轭物是最优选的。本文所述的铑配合物和铑螯合物/抗体共轭物具有良好的血清稳定性和/或良好的体内生物定位化。本文所述的铑螯合物/抗体共轭物能够按本领域中熟知的方法施药。
Ⅰ式化合物能够用现有技术制备。例如,可以使用如下A-D合成路线的合成法制备Ⅰ式范围内的化合物:
此间合成的四个双官能配位体系(即BA-2,3,2-tet,PA-2,3,2-tet,BA-CYclam和BA-N-CYclen)是式Ⅰ所示一般双官能结构的具体实例。有两大类型的多氮杂(螯合氮原子数=4~6)化合物,它们是一般结构的代表:1)线性多氮杂化合物并带有与该部分以共价键连接的间隔基/连接基(例如:BA-2,3,2-tet或PA-2,3,2-tet);和2)大环多氮杂化合物并带有共价键连接的间隔基/连接基(例如:BA-CYclam或BA-N-CYclen)。
按照间隔基/连接基如何以共价键连接到螯合多氮杂部分的方式可以将上述两大类型化合物再进一步细分。概念上,连接可以通过或在碳原子(例如BA-cyclam,BA-2,3,2-tet,PA-2,3,2-tet)或在氮原子(例如BA-N-cyclen)上增环来进行。
合成路线D表明了一种遵从于在任意氮原子上用连接基/间隔基增环的合成方法。这种方法的一般性已在近期有关文献中得到证实[E.Kimura等,J.Chem.Soc.,Chem.Comm.,PP.1158~1159(1986)],并提供了一种用适宜的亲电试剂(即连接基/间隔基)使任意多氮杂大环化合物单烷基化的方法,所说的亲电试剂可含有一个能与抗体共轭的潜在官能度,可以从市场上买到各种多氮杂大环化合物或使用甲苯磺酸盐取代/大环化合技
术来制备大环化合物,参见文献(T.J.Atkins等,org.Synth.,Vol.58;Ed.W.A.Sheppard,John Wiley and Sons,New York,1978,P.86-97)。显然,N-烷基化方法对会聚合成路线提供了最大通用性。
通过碳原子与连接基/间隔基相连接的线性或大环配位体连接物可通过最初三个已认可的方法来得到。含有四个和五个氮原子的大环胺已经由线性四胺或五胺适当取代的丙二酸酯的缩合而制得。(Tabushi等,Tetrahedron Letters,12,PP.1049~1052,(1977)和Machida等,Inorg.Chem.,25PP.3461~3466(1986))。上述Tabushi等人的文章叙述了化合物3-(4-氨基丁基)-1,5,8,12-四氮杂环十四烷。由碳原子增环的大环例如BA-cyclam的第二种方法包括用大量过量的二胺置换丙二酸酯(合成路线A和C),及用丙烯酸酯或丙二酸酯合环(合成路线B)。这种方法的通用性在文献(E.Kimura等,Inorg Chem.,23,PP.4181-4188,(1984))中已有说明,并还能用来制备具有可变的配位体/金属粘着尺寸的线性多氮杂化合物。
这两种方法都包括胺或氮杂化合物对酯或酰基官能度的亲核进攻,这样,需要一个还原步骤,以便将酰胺转化成聚胺。
合成含有经碳增环连接基/间隔基的大环化合物的第三种可能的方法,包括经SN2或简单的脂族置换化学过程的大环化反应。到目前为止,这种方法仅用于单-N-取代的四氮杂大环化合物的合成(N.Alcock等,J.Chem.Soc.Dalton.Trans.,PP.2371~2376(1984))。然而这个技术能应用于如下的碳增环体系的合成:
通过种种现有工艺方法可以容易地除去甲苯磺酸酯基。应该意识到,通常包括在式Ⅰ中的多数特效的双官能配位剂可以使用本文所述一般方法的任一种制备。意想不到的是可共轭到四胺铑配合物上的抗体实例在文献中没有证实。
下列实施例将用来说明本发明,但不应构成对本发明的限制。
一般试验:
质谱或是用Finnigan TSQ质谱仪(Q1MS型)得到或是用VG ZAB-MS高分辨质谱仪(用氙快速原子轰击)得到。1H和13C核磁共振谱(NMR)是用Varian VXR-300分光计得到。红外(IR)谱图记录在Nicolet S5×FT/IR仪器上。
所有使用的溶剂都是Fisher HPLC级物质,无需进一步提纯。所有有机化合物(路线A-D)的制备性色谱是通过使用在文献①中指出的闪蒸色谱法技术完成的(Merck Grade60,230-400目硅胶,60A-Aldrich Chemical Company),并使用下列溶剂体系:(1)溶剂体系1-CHCl3/MeOH/NH4OH-2/2/1;(2)溶剂体系2-CHCl3/MeOH/NH4OH-12/4/1;(3)溶剂体系3-CHCl3/MeOH/NH4OH-16/4/1V/V。使用这些溶剂体系和市场上买得到的Analtech硅片(250微米,Analtech Inc.)报道其Rf值。
①W.C.Still,M.Kahn and A.Mitra,J.Org.Chem.,43,P.2923~2925(1978)
实施例1
2-甲酯基-3-(4-硝基苯基)丙酸甲酯(对-硝基苄基丙二酸二甲酯)1
2-甲酯基-3-(4-硝基苯基)丙烯酸甲酯是根据Baker和Eccles②的方法由二甲基丙二酸酯和对硝基苯甲醛的Knovenagle缩合反应制得的:观测熔点(mpobs)=133-134℃。文献报道熔点(mplit)=136-137℃②。在氮气氛下将2-甲酯基
-3-(4-硝基苯基)丙烯酸甲酯(23.0g86.7mmole)溶解在175ml的甲醇(MeOH)中,小心地将氰基氢硼化钠③(6.0g,95.5mmole)在冷却下加入到该搅拌着的溶液中。用浓盐酸将该溶液的pH值调至4.0,然后将其在25℃下搅拌过夜。在第一个8小时内,要几次将其pH值从6调到4。将该黄色甲醇溶液倾入到700ml水中,用3×200ml的二氯甲烷萃取。合并的有机部分用400ml饱和碳酸氢钠和400ml水洗涤,在硫酸镁上干燥并在旋转蒸发器上蒸发至浅黄色的油状物。静置该油状晶体(mpobs=82-83℃;mplit=82.5-83.5℃)得到2-甲酯基-3-(4-硝基苯基)丙烯酸甲酯(对-硝基苄基丙二酸二甲酯),产率为93%(21.3g,81mmole)。
②J.W.Baker and A.Eccles,J.Chem.Soc.(1927),P.2125-2133。
③R.O.Hutchins,D.Rotstein,N.Natale,J.Fanelli and D.Dimmel,J.Org.Chem.,41,P.3328(1976)。
实施例2
3-(4-氨基苯基)-2-甲酯基丙酸甲酯(对-氨基苄基丙二酸二甲酯),2
将化合物2-甲酯基-3-(4-硝基苯基)丙酸甲酯(对-硝基苄基丙二酸二甲酯,(2.00g,7.55mmole)溶于含5%钯碳催化剂(1.0g-Aldrich Chemical Company)的70ml乙酸乙酯中,在一使用50psig氢压(22℃)的Parr摇动器中氢化。快速摄取氢气(15分钟)并将该混合物在氢气压力下再保持3小时。将压力容器放空,用氮(N2)冲洗。将悬浮液通过硅藻土垫过滤,用旋转蒸发器在真空下除去溶剂,得到浅黄色油状的3-(4-氨基苯基)-2-甲酯基丙酸甲酯(对-氨基苄基丙二酸二甲酯(1.76g,7.41mmole),产率为98%。其结构通过1H核磁共振(PMR)和13C核磁共振(CMR)以及质谱分析(MS)光谱法来进一步证实。
实施例3
6-(4-(氨基苯基)甲基)-1,4,8,11-四氮杂-5,7-二氧代十一烷,3
在氮气氛中同时剧烈搅拌(25℃)下,将化合物3-(4-氨基苯基)-2-甲酯基丙酸甲酯(对-氨基苄基丙二酸二甲酯)(30.0g,0.126mole)逐滴加入到溶于150ml甲醇的乙二胺(75g,1.25mole)溶液中。将该溶液搅拌4天直到通过薄层色谱法(TLC)判断反应已完成。此时在真空下除去溶剂和过量胺,将褐色剩余物干燥过夜(70℃/0.1mm),得到36.3g褐色固体状的期望化合物6-(4-(氨基苯基)甲基)-1,4,8,11-四氮杂-5,7-二氧代十一烷,产率为98%。从氯仿/己烷中重结晶制备分析试样,mp=157-159℃。是一白色结晶粉末。通过PMR、CMR和MS进一步证实其结构。
分析:
C14H23O2N5:
计算值:C57.3;H7.90;N23.87
实测值:C57.16;H7.48;N23.65
实施例4
6-(4-(氨基苯基)甲基)-1,4,8,11-四氮杂十一烷(BA-2,3,2-tet)4
将化合物6-(4-(氨基苯基)甲基)-1,4,8,11-四氮杂-5,7-二氧代十一烷(7.0g,23.9mmole)在氮气氛下置于一个装有搅拌器和回流冷凝器的三-颈、250ml圆底烧瓶中。将甲硼烷/四氢呋喃(THF)配合物(150ml,150mmole)(Aldrich Chem.Co.)通过一个套管在正的氮气压下缓慢地加入到固体上,同时搅拌。观察到有短暂的放热,在该放热平息后,将搅拌的溶液回流48小时(hrs)。该清液在真空下汽提出溶剂,剩下玻璃状的半固体物质。将甲醇(100ml)小心地加入并注意到有氢气放出。将得到的溶液在真空中干燥。此时,加入100ml的甲醇并将该溶液用无水氯化氢饱和。将该溶液在氮气下回流1小时,用旋转式汽化器汽提溶剂。重复这个循环,将得到的期望化合物的粗制盐酸盐溶解于15ml水中。这一部分用2×20ml氯仿(CHCl3)萃取,将水相在氩气氛下,同时冷却下,通过加入50%的氢氧化钠水溶液碱化(pH>12)。该碱性溶液用6×75ml氯仿萃取。合并这些馏分(不干燥),在真空下将氯仿除去,得到5.8g黄色油状的粗胺(91%)。这些粗制物质通过闪蒸色谱法提纯,用16∶4∶1的氯仿∶甲醇∶浓缩氢氧化铵的溶剂和硅胶(Aldrich Chemical Co./Merck grade 60,
230-400目),(Rf=0.33溶剂1)。提纯产品的结构由PMR,CMR和MS进一步证实。
分析:
C14H27N5·5HCl:
计算值:C37.56;H7.20;N15.64
实测值:C37.5;H6.42;N15.83
实施例5
3-(4-(氨基苯基)甲基)-1,5,8,12-四氮杂-2,4,9-三氧代环十四烷(BA-cyclam三酰胺)5a
将化合物6-(4-(氨基苯基)甲基)-1,4,8,14-四氮杂-5,7-二氧代十四烷(15.0g,51.1mmole)和异丁烯酸酯(4.29g,51.1mole)在氮气氛并搅拌下溶于800ml甲醇(MeOH)中。在室温(25℃)下40小时后,将该溶液回流13天。冷却后有白色沉淀形成。用旋转汽化器将溶剂除去,得到的蜡状固体用350∶35∶5的氯仿∶甲醇∶浓缩氢氧化铵溶液和闪蒸色谱技术进行色谱分离。得到白色固体状的期望化合物3-[4-(氨基苯基)甲基]-1,5,8,12-四氮杂-2,4,9-三氧代环十四烷(7.5g,21.6mmole),产率为42%(Rf=0.62/溶剂;mp=250-252℃)。
分析:
C17H25N5O3:
计算值:C58.77;H7.25;N20.16
实测值:C58.03;H7.26;N19.81
实施例6
3-[4-(氨基苯基)甲基]-1,5,8,12-四氮杂环十四烷(BA-cyclam)6
在氮气下,将化合物3-[4-(氨基苯基)甲基]-1,5,8,12-四氮杂-2,4,9-三氧代环十四烷(2.5g,7.20mmole)在200ml1M甲硼烷/THF配合物中回流50小时。用与实施例4相似的方法得到粗制盐酸盐。将该盐溶于20ml水中并用2×100ml氯仿萃取。将水相在氩气下冷却到0~5℃,并用50%的氢氧化钠(pH=11.5)处理,形成白色沉淀。将该物质用3×100ml的氯仿萃取,合并萃取液,将其通过玻璃棉塞过滤,并蒸发至干(高真空度)得到2.1g(7.0mmole)白色固体状的期望产物3-[4-(氨基苯基)甲基]-1,5,8,12-四氮杂环十四烷,产率为97%(mp=156-158℃)。其结构用PMR和CMR进一步证实。
分析:
C17H31N5·H2O:
计算值:C63.12;H10.28;N21.65
实测值:C63.65;H9.92;N21.60
实施例7
3-[4-(氨基苯基)甲基]-1,5,8,12-四氮杂-2,4,9,11-四氧代环十四烷(BA-cyclam四酰胺)5b
在N2下,将在50ml甲醇中的化合物6-[4-(氨基苯基)甲基]-1,4,8,11-四氮杂-5,7-二氧代十一烷(7.03g,24mmole)和二甲基丙二酸酯(3.17g,24mmole)在缓慢回流并搅拌下加热4天,将该混合物冷却并将得到的无色沉淀过滤。然后将该物质在硅胶上用闪蒸色谱法进行色谱分离,用85∶10∶2V/V/V的氯仿∶甲醇∶浓的氢氧化铵的混合物洗脱。粗物质从甲醇中重结晶,得到无色晶体状的3-[4-(氨基苯基)甲基]-1,5,8,12-四氮杂-2,4,9,11-四氧代环十四烷(2.01g,24%),mp=288-290℃(分解),其特性用IR、PMR和CMR技术测出。
实施例8
BA-cyclam6
将在实施例7中制备的化合物3-[4-(氨基苯基)甲基]-1,5,8,12-四氮杂-2,4,9,11-四氧化环十四烷用二甲硼烷在四氢呋喃(THF)中还原(回流,18小时),得到4-氨基苄基cyclam,产率为55.3%,实际上该物质的特性在实施例6中已经描述。
实施例9
1,4,8,11-四氮杂-6-(2-氰基乙基)-5,7-二氧代十一烷8
将2-(2-氰基乙基)丙二酸二乙酯7(5.0g,23.5mmole-Ardrich Chemical Company)在1小时内逐滴加入到搅拌着的新蒸饮的乙二胺(15g,0.25mole)中,该乙二胺维持在0℃氮气氛下。使该搅拌的溶液升温到室温(25℃)并继续搅拌4天。此时,将过量的乙二胺在真空下除去并小心避免加热超过40℃。将得到的粗清油进行闪蒸色谱分离,用溶剂体系3作为洗脱剂,得到2.3g(8.81mmole)的1,4,8,11-四氮杂-6-(2-氰基乙基)-5,7-二氧代十一烷的清澈粘性油
状物,产率37%(Rf=0.39/溶剂体系3):1H NMR(CDCl3)δ:7.59(t,2H,J=3.1Hz,酰胺H),3.29(m,5H,次甲基H和α酰氨基CH2),2,82(dt,4H,J1=4.0Hz,J2=0.9Hz,β酰氨基CH2),2.48(t,2H,J3=7.1Hz,α腈CH2),2.21(q,2H,J3=7.1Hz,β腈CH2),1.39(S,4H,氨基NH);13C NMR(CDCl3)δ:169.6(酰胺羰基),118.9(腈),52.9,42.3,41.2,27.1,15.4。
实施例10
6-(3-氨基丙基)-1,4,8,11-四氮杂十一烷PA-2,3,2-tet9
氮气氛下,将由实施例9得到的化合物1,4,8,11-四氮杂-6-(2-氰基乙基)-5,7-二氧代十一烷(1.6g,6.13mmole)在1M甲硼烷/THF(200ml)溶液中回流40小时。用实施例4中已讲述过的方法进行甲醇/氯化氢回流,得到1.5g6-(3-氨基丙基)-1,4,8,11-四氮杂十一烷的粗的盐酸盐。将这个物质溶解于1.5ml的水中,并加入50%的氢氧化钠(pH=13),注意到有气体释放出来。该游离碱用3×7ml乙腈在Mixor(Liddex Corporation,Ltd.,Haifa Israel)萃取器中萃取。合并的有机相用旋转汽化器浓缩,该净油的氯仿溶液经过闪蒸硅胶的短垫,使用溶剂体系1做为洗脱液,除去溶剂后离析出产物6-(3-氨基丙基)-1,4,8,11-四氮杂十一烷,是一清澈油状物(Rf=0.04/溶剂体系1)。将游离碱溶于5ml甲醇中,随后用无水氯化氢饱和。蒸发至干燥得到350mg6-(3-氨基丙基)-1,4,8,11-四氮杂十一烷盐酸盐(产率为15%):1H NMR(D2O,pH=1.5)δ:3.47(m,8H),3.34(m,4H),3.06(t,2H,J=3.8Hz,α亚甲基至末端胺),2.41(P,1H,J=3.8Hz,次甲基),1.78(m,2H),1.67(m,2H);13C NMR(D2O,pH=1.5)δ:51.5,47.7,37.9,36.1,28.1,25.7)。
实施例11
1,4,7,10-四氮杂-1-[(4-硝基苯基)甲基]环正十二烷11
将用Richman和Adkins④方法制备的1,4,7,10-四氮杂环十二烷,10,(270mg,1.57mmole)溶于5ml的氯仿中。将P-硝基苄基溴(113mg,0.52mmole-Aldrich Chemical Company)加入到这个溶液中,搅拌14小时。薄层色谱法呈现出的强烈的茚三酮斑点试验阳性(Rf=0.58/溶剂体系3),不同于初始物质。将该溶液通过17×1厘米(cm)闪蒸硅胶柱,并用溶剂体系3洗脱。将没有初始物质的馏分合并,然后蒸发得到109mg分析纯的淡黄色晶体状的1,4,7,10-四氮杂-1-[(4-硝基苯基)甲基]环十二烷,产率为68%,mp=128-129℃。其结构用NMR进一步证实。
分析:
C15H25N5O2:
计算值:C58.61;H8.20;N22.78
实测值:C58.4;H8.30;N22.80
④J.E.Richman and T.J.Adkins,J.Amer.Chem.Soc.,96,2268-2269(1974)。
实施例12
1,4,7,10-四氮杂-1-[(4-氨基苯基)甲基]环十二烷(BA-N-cyclen)12
将化合物1,4,7,10-四氮杂-1-[(4-硝基苯基)甲基]环十二烷(170mg,0.55mmole)溶于5ml甲醇中,并在搅拌下将100mg10%钯碳催化剂(Lancaster Synthesis Ltd.)加入到这个溶液中。向搅拌着的混合物中吹入稳定的氢气流。在30分钟内,薄层色谱法分析表明1,4,7,10-四氮杂-1-[(4-硝基苯基)甲基]环十二烷已全部转化成1,4,7,10-四氮杂-1-[(4-氨基苯基)甲基]环十二烷(Rf=0.28/溶剂体系3)。这个溶液用氮清洗,并通过硅藻土的短塞过滤。蒸发掉溶剂,经闪蒸色谱分离(溶剂体系3)得到103mg的1,4,7,10-四氮杂-1-[(4-氨基苯基)甲基]环十二烷,产率为67%。其结构通过1H和13C NMR分析进一步证实。将游离碱转化成四盐酸盐[mp=255-260℃(分解),是一淡黄色粉末。
实施例13
用一个按下列顺序通过磨砂玻璃装置将5个烧瓶相互联结的体系得到105Rh。第一烧瓶(用来用作气体分离器的接受烧瓶),第二烧瓶(反应容器),第三烧瓶(1号收集器),第四烧瓶(2号收集器),第五烧瓶(3号收集器)。
在反应容器中放入10ml2M的NaOH。向1号收集器中加入150ml的CCl4,向2号收集器中加入150ml的2M NaOH,向3号收集器中加入150ml的2M NaOH。将已在试验前一天于MURR(University of Missouri Research Reactor)的第一排P-管中照射了30分钟的大量钌金属(5.18mg)加入到反应容器中,在前四个烧瓶的顶部都加上塞子。将Cl2吹入该设备中大约10分钟,反应器中的溶液转变成亮黄色。然后将空气流通过该设备20分钟,并将反应容器通过加热套加热回流约5分钟。在这个过程中,反应容器中的溶液变澄清,而1号收集器中的CCl4变成亮黄色。将溶液从反应器中排出,通过0.2mm的过滤器过滤。为了计算取出一些反应器中的溶液(1.0ml)在一闪烁管中稀释至10毫升。为计算也分别从1号、2号、3号收集器含有的溶液中取出10毫升。反应器中的溶液包含有105Rh。
实施例14
下面的实施例说明了铑螯合物配合物的制备。该制备使用了那些类似于S.A.Johnson and F.Basolo,Inorg.Chem.(1962),1,P.925-932中报告的方法。
A.材料和技术
分别由Johnson Matthey和Alfa得到的三氯化铑水合物和氢氧化锂(LiOH)(99.3%,无水-4+14目)。螯合剂BA-2,3,2-tet·5HCl和BA-cyclam·5HCl的制备已在实施例4和6中描述。
从Aldrich购得的Pharmacia Sephadex-SPTMC-25阳离子交换树脂。有于色谱法的玻璃柱约为2.5×70厘米,并在顶部装配有29/42磨口玻璃接头,在底部有一层玻璃料和聚四氟乙烯活塞。通过将40g干燥硅胶在缓慢搅拌下加到300ml0.3NHCl水溶液中形成淤浆来制备阳离子交换树脂。然后将该淤浆转移到一个大量筒中使其膨胀1.5小时。在这一期间分几次将部分0.3N HCl滗析掉(尽力除去粉末),再加入0.3N的HCl,并将淤浆缓慢混合。柱的灌注是通过将1升的Kugelrohr烧瓶连接到柱的顶部,立刻将淤浆全部转移到柱中。该胶转化成H+型并使2~3升的0.3NHCl流过柱子来填充。
将试样(0.1-1.0g)溶于5-10ml蒸馏水,并直接把溶液注入柱的顶部进行色谱分离。用几份少量的0.3N HCl洗涤硅胶中的溶液,并用同样的溶剂将溶液洗脱出柱子。用Gilson Miniplus2蠕动泵来维持通过柱子的溶剂流速[3~4ml每分钟(min-1)],并且用ISCO型UA-5吸收度监测器与1132型多路调制器一一骤冷器和6型旋光装置一起在254纳米(nm)处测定洗脱试样的峰值。中性的,负电荷的,和一价正电荷的物质很快从柱中洗出来(0.5~1.5小时),二价正电荷物质在5~8小时后洗脱出来,较高正电荷的物质保留在柱的顶部。
B.[Rh(BA-2,3,2-tet)Cl2]Cl·HCl
经过小的改变,使用Martins和Sheridan(Martins,E.;Sheridan,P.S.,Inorg.Chem.(1978),17,P.2822-2826)的制备二氯(β,β′,β″-三氨基三乙胺)铑(Ⅲ)氯化物的方法。将RhCl3·3H2O(0.308g,263.309g mol-1,1.17mmole)加入到溶于30ml0.1N LiOH的BA-2,3,2-tet·5HCl(0.524g,447,71g mol-1,1.17mmole)的溶液中。将该红色溶液回流5分钟,然后用0.1N LiOH(共用64.1ml或5.5当量)在45分钟内慢慢滴定到pH=6。这一pH值用Color pH astTM指示剂条(由Macalaster Bicknell Co.)得到)测得。在一共回流约1小时后,将该黄棕色混合物冷却,过滤,并在旋转汽化器上除去溶剂。将固体溶于10ml的蒸馏水中,并通过细孔隙度多孔玻璃过滤器上的硅藻土TM垫和Gelman AcrodiscTMCR可随意使用的注射器管尖过滤器(由Fisher Scientific得到)进行过滤,并倒入Sephadex-SPTMC-25柱(参看上面)的顶部,用0.3N HCl将二价正电荷物质从柱中洗脱出来,是一单一谱带,收集该馏分。溶剂用旋转汽化器除去,并将黄色固体在30℃真空炉中干燥,得到0.205mg的产物(34.3%)。通过1H和13C NMR和快速原子轰击质谱表示该物质的特性。NMR质谱表明该产物以三种异构体形式存在。
分析:
C14H27N5Cl3Rh·HCl·2H2O:
计算值:C30.73;H5.90;N12.80
实测值:C30.5;H5.4;N12.5
C.[Rh(BA-cyclam)Cl2]Cl·HCl
除了0.50g RhCl3·3H2O(1.90mmole),
0.93gBA-cyclam·5HCl(1.91mmole)和102.5ml0.1N LiOH(10.3mmole,5.39当量)不同外用上面描述的相同方法,得到0.385g产物(36.8%)。按照上述方法确定该产物的特性。NMR质谱表明存在着多个异构体。
分析:
C17H31N5Cl3Rh·HCl·2H2O:
计算值:C34.77;H6.18;N11.93
实测值:C34.6;H5.6;N11.6
实施例15
[105Rh(BA-2,3,2-tet)Cl2]+的制备
三氯化铑105(在0.1N HCl中,约5mCi/ml)由密苏里大学研究反应器获得。添加0.4ml1.0M的NaHCO3来中和3ml这种原料溶液,加入BA-2,3,2-tet(0.2ml的10mg/ml溶液)并混合。将这个溶液在水浴中加热到90℃1小时。将溶液通过Hamilton PRP-1Chrompakunit从任何游离金属和螯合物中提纯105Rh配合物。将105Rh配合物用30%乙腈/水洗液洗脱。对该物质的分析表明存在着等量的[105Rh(BA-2,3,2-tet)Cl2]+和105Rh(BA-2,3,2-tet)(Cl)(H2O)]2+配合物。通过将水合氯化配合物制成0.5N HCl溶液,并将其在90℃的水浴中加热30分钟可将其转化成二氯配合物。将[105Rh(BA-2,3,2-tet)Cl2]+配合物离析出来,并用Hamilton PRP-1 Chrompak浓缩。该配合物用阳离子交换色谱法和薄层色谱法与已知标准物质比较来确定其特性,得到的105Rh产率大于85%。
实施例16
[105Rh(BA-2,3,2-tet)Cl2]+对抗体的共轭作用
根据Murayama等人提出的基本方法(A.Murayama,K.Shimada and T.Yamamoto,Immunochemistry,15,P.523-528(1978)),通过碳水化合物的侧链将[105Rh(BA-2,3,2-tet)Cl2]+配合物与抗体共轭。所用的抗体是CC-49,一种鼠色单克隆IgG,其结合到TAG-72表位,一种联结瘤的抗原。将1mg纯化的CC-49IgG(10mg/ml,在0.05M乙酸钠中,pH5.2)用1mmole(0.010ml的0.100M溶液)的NaIO4在室温下在暗处处理1小时。分离该活性抗体并通过离心硅胶过滤从过量的NaIO4中收集。向这个活性抗体中加入0.100ml的[105Rh(BA-2,3,2-tet)Cl2]+配合物(约5mCi/ml,1×10-4M)和0.010ml的NaCHBH4(0.1M)。在室温下进行偶合2小时。再次进行离心硅胶过滤步骤将105Rh标记抗体离析出来。通过标准的生物化学和免疫学的方法检验抗体完整性。
实施例17
[105Rh(BITC-2,3,2-tet)Cl2]+的制备
通过将2ml的105Rh(BA-2,3,2-tet)Cl2]+(大约5mCi/ml,1×10-4M)与0.002ml二氯硫化碳混合将[105Rh(BA-2,3,2-tet)Cl2]+转化成活性的[105Rh(BITC-2,3,2-tet)Cl2]+衍生物(“BITC”指的是异硫氰基苄基)。允许该反应在室温下进行15分钟。将溶液通过Hamilton PRP-1Chrompak使产物离析出来。用2ml的乙腈洗脱[105Rh(BITC-2,3,2-tet)Cl2]+。用阳离子交换和反相色谱与已知标准物对照表示出产物的特性。使用这个方法得到的产率在50%到85%之间。
实施例17a
[105Rh(BITC-2,3,2-tet)Cl2]+对抗体的共轭作用
用下列方法将[105Rh(BITC-2,3,2-tet)Cl2]+偶合到肿瘤特殊抗体的赖氨酸残基上。所用的抗体是CC-49和B72.3(杂交瘤细胞株B72.3寄存在American Type Culture Collection,12301 Parklawn Drive,Rockville,Maryland登记号为ATCCHB8108),两个结合到TAG-72表位的鼠色单克隆抗体,联结肿瘤抗原。在氮气下,于1.5ml的Eppendorff锥形试管中将1.5×10-5mmole(0.5mCi)的[105Rh(BITC-2,3,2-tet)Cl2]+蒸发至干。向这个干燥的试管中加入0.10ml适当的抗体(10mg/ml,0.1M Na2CO3中,pH9.5)。在室温下使该偶合进行1小时。通过离心硅胶过滤将105Rh标记抗体离析出来。用标准生物化学免疫学方法检验抗体完整性。
实施例17b
105Rh标记抗体的体内定位化
通过将人类肿瘤异种移植到一个痴愚小鼠中,测量物质的吸收来证实105Rh标记抗体的作用。用人类结肠癌细胞株,LS-174T(约4×106细胞/动物)给雌性鼠(Nu/Nu)进行皮下接种(S.C.)(0.1ml/来源)。在接种后大约2星期,给
每一个动物经尾部静脉注射3μCi(15μg)的105Rh标记抗体(CC-49或B72.3)。这些鼠在不同时间内死去,将肿瘤和选择的组织切下并称重,在γ计数器中测量其放射性。105Rh在每一组织中每分钟每克的计数(CPm/g)被测得并表示成注射量的函数。其结果表示在如下表中。
带有LS-174T肿瘤的裸鼠中的105Rh(BITC-2,3,2-tet)Cl2-CC-49IgG的生物分配
器官105Rh
17小时 40小时 66小时
血液 10.79±0.99 8.62±2.46 10.46±1.65
心脏 2.51±0.30 2.16±0.45 1.96±0.53
肺 4.51±0.99 4.30±1.14 3.91±0.95
肝 10.52±3.28 10.15±1.50 8.22±1.30
脾 5.40±1.14 6.93±1.05 5.14±0.73
肾 3.43±0.52 2.97±0.36 2.70±0.73
肌肉 1.92±0.23 1.14±0.30 1.15±0.29
肿瘤 35.94±5.28 62.03±18.6 85.89±23.15
带有LS-174T肿瘤的裸鼠中的105Rh(BITC-2,3,2-tet)Cl2-B72.3IgG的生物分配(表见文后)
实施例18
[105Rh(BITC-2,3,2-tet)Cl2]+对抗体断片的共轭作用
用下面的方法将[105Rh(BITC-2,3,2-tet)Cl2]+偶合到CC-49抗体的F(ab1)2断片的赖氨酸残基上。在N2下,于1.5ml Eppendorf锥形试管中将1.5×10-5mmole(0.5mCi)的[105Rh(BITC-2,3,2-tet)Cl2]+蒸发至干。向该干燥容器中加入用Lamoyi和Nisonoff描述的酶促消化方法(E.Lamoyi and A.Nisonoff,J.immunol,Methods,56,P.235-243,(1983))制备的0.10ml的CC-49F(ab1)2断片(10mg/ml,0.1M Na2CO3中,pH9.5)。使该反应在室温下进行1小时。通过离心硅胶过滤将105Rh标记抗体断片离析出来。用标准的生物化学免疫学方法检验该抗体完整性。
实施例19
105Rh标记CC-49F(ab1)2的体内定位化
通过将人类肿瘤异种移植到一个痴愚鼠体内,测量物质的吸收来证实105Rh标记抗体断片的作用。用人类结肠癌细胞株LS-174T(约4×106细胞/动物)给雌性痴愚鼠(Nu/Nu)皮下接种(S.C.)(0.1ml/来源)。在接种后约2星期,每一个动物经尾部静脉注射3μCi(15μg)的105Rh标记CC-49F(ab1)2磷酸盐缓冲盐水。小鼠在不同时间内死亡,将肿瘤和选择的组织切下并称种,其放射性用r计数器测量。在每一组织中的每分钟每克的105Rh计数(cpm/g)被测定并表示成注射量的函数。结果表示在下表中。
带有LS-174T肿瘤的裸鼠中的105Rh(BITC-2,3,2-tet)Cl2-CC-49F(ab1)2的生物分配
器官105Rh
24小时 48小时 72小时
血液 1.32±0.21 0.23±0.09 0.07±0.01
心脏 2.53±0.36 1.04±0.12 1.00±0.15
肺 1.64±0.08 0.93±0.09 0.79±0.42
肝 5.43±0.65 3.53±0.76 2.00±0.43
脾 2.79±0.41 2.03±0.29 1.00±0.23
肾 37.23±3.27 17.19±2.09 8.12±1.85
肌肉 0.94±0.23 0.67±0.14 0.45±0.10
肿瘤 26.45±4.53 22.82±3.00 12.76±2.04
表中所示的生物分配数据清楚地证实了铑螯合物/抗体共轭物集中于肿瘤组织上的作用。铑螯合物/抗体共轭物迅速地找到肿瘤组织,剩余物通过肾脏从体内排出。胂瘤与一般组织的比例是高的,表明免疫测定和/或治疗是可能的。
实施例20
用与在实施例19中描述的相似方法,给带有LS-174T肿瘤的痴愚鼠注射铑螯合物/抗体共轭物,(105Rh标记,两个抗体断片(即F(ab1)2)及其整个IgG单克隆抗体被分别试验)。在注射后的不同时间内,全部动物的r射线图象通过使用319和306Kevr射线得到。该图象显示了放射性从血液中的快速清除和在肿瘤中的吸收,结果与实施例19得到的定量结果一致。
在本发明的铑螯合物/抗体共轭物对哺乳动物疾病状态诊断或治疗的使用中,铑螯合物/抗体共轭物最好是采用组合物形式给药,其中含有与药学上可接受的载体(即该载体对活性物是惰性的,且在使用条件下没有有害的副作用或毒性)相混合的铑螯合物/抗体共轭物。该铑螯合物),抗体组合物用适当的方式给药,以满足特殊的应用,典型的是
肠胃外给药,例如,腹膜内、皮下或静脉内注射。在这些应用中,一个或多个铑螯合物/抗体共轭物的有效量(即足以提供所需效果的量)用于该组合物中。将要用于特殊组合物中的一个或多个特殊铑螯合物/抗体共轭物的选择性通过考虑例如给药的容易性、稳定性、与适当载体的相溶性等等来决定。在特殊情况下,给药量可以用本领域中已知方法来确定。典型的给药组合物是液体形式,例如无菌注射悬浮液或溶液。被用于任何特殊情况下的药学上可接受的载体可以容易地决定,且在现有工艺中是众所周知的,另外,可以任意包含其它活性物质和/或赋形剂。
器官105Rh
5.5小时 24小时 48小时 72小时
血液 23.44±1.63 18.12±1.14 13.46±0.57 13.07±1.55
心脏 3.98±0.37 3.30±0.19 2.70±0.46 2.90±1.34
肺 7.11±0.91 5.96±0.73 4.95±0.26 4.65±0.76
肝 6.08±0.85 4.81±0.51 3.86±0.26 3.77±0.25
脾 4.60±0.64 3.95±0.33 3.27±0.32 3.38±0.54
肾 3.00±0.24 3.18±0.29 2.35±0.36 2.20±0.52
肌肉 1.21±0.24 1.53±0.06 1.77±0.41 1.52±0.50
肿瘤 13.74±2.02 28.07±1.90 28.46±4.28 34.70±10.78
Claims (9)
1、一种制备结构式如下的铑配合物的方法:
其中:
Rh表示铑原子;
Ch表示结构式如下的化合物:
其中:
每个R分别表示含有2~10个碳原子的直链或支链的亚烷基,但当用R基连接任意两个相邻的氮原子时,R基必须提供至少三个位于两个相邻连接氮原子间的单键;
每个R1分别表示氢或含有1~10个碳原子的直链或支链的亚烷基;
X和X1表示氢,或X和X1完全接合形成一个桥连的含有2~10个碳原子的直链或支链的亚烷基,或一个桥连的芳亚烷基,其中亚烷基是含有2~10个碳原子的直链或支链亚烷基,但当X和X1连成一个基时,该基表示必须提供至少三个位于相邻连接氮原子间的单键;
n是0或1的整数,但当L基键合到同一氮原子上时,n必须是0,否则n必须是1;
y是包括1~3的整数;
L是一个共价键合到任意一个氮原子或碳原子上的连接基/间隔基,其置换出氮原子或碳原子上的一个氢原子,所述的连接基/间隔基表示为下式:
S表示整数0或1;
t表示包括0~20的整数;
R2为异硫氰酸盐、氨基脲、氨基硫脲、氨基或羧基;
CYc表示一个环脂族部分,芳香族部分,脂族杂环部分或芳族杂环部分,所说的每一部分可用一个或多个基团任意取代,这些基团不影响与抗体或抗体断片的键合;
P1和P2分别表示相同的或不同的卤离子或水,但是有一个限定条件:(a)如果y是2,则P2不存在;(b)如果y是3,则P1和P2不存在;
A表示具有足够电荷使配合物成为中性的一个或多个阴离子;
该方法包括使
RhA·nH2O
(其中A定义如上,n是从0到形成水合物所需数值的整数)与ChP1P2反应(其中Ch,P1和P2定义如上)。
2、根据权利要求1的方法,其中反应是在回流下,在水溶液中和在pH约为7的条件下进行。
3、根据权利要求1的方法,其中式Ⅰ的Ch化合物中的L是
其中:R2和S定义同权利要求1;
t是0至6的整数。
4、根据权利要求1或3的方法,其中式Ⅰ的Ch化合物中R是含有2或3个碳原子的亚烷基;R1是氢或甲基;X和X1表示氢,或X和X1接合起来表示一个苄基或含有2或3个碳原子的亚烷基。
5、根据权利要求1的方法,其中式Ⅰ的Ch化合物中的y是整数1。
6、根据权利要求1的方法,其中Ch是3-[4-(氨基苯基)甲基]-1,5,8,12-四氮杂环十四烷。
7、根据权利要求1的方法,其中Ch是6-[4-(氨基苯基)甲基]-1,4,8,11-四氮杂十一烷。
8、根据权利要求1的方法,其中Ch是6-(3-氨基丙基)-1,4,8,11-四氮杂十一烷。
9、根据权利要求1的方法,其中Ch是1,4,7,10-四氮杂-1-[(4-氨基苯基)甲基]-环十二烷。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US065,739 | 1987-06-24 | ||
US07/065,739 US4994560A (en) | 1987-06-24 | 1987-06-24 | Functionalized polyamine chelants and radioactive rhodium complexes thereof for conjugation to antibodies |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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CN1030588A CN1030588A (zh) | 1989-01-25 |
CN1022839C true CN1022839C (zh) | 1993-11-24 |
Family
ID=22064774
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CN88104543A Expired - Fee Related CN1022839C (zh) | 1987-06-24 | 1988-06-24 | 官能化聚胺螯合剂及其铑配合物和它们的制备方法 |
Country Status (19)
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US (2) | US4994560A (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0296522B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2728437B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR970011005B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1022839C (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE143364T1 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA1341349C (zh) |
DE (1) | DE3855564T2 (zh) |
DK (1) | DK343288A (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2091746T3 (zh) |
FI (1) | FI101378B1 (zh) |
GR (1) | GR3021537T3 (zh) |
HK (1) | HK1006168A1 (zh) |
HU (1) | HU201333B (zh) |
IL (1) | IL86835A (zh) |
NO (1) | NO178928C (zh) |
NZ (1) | NZ225070A (zh) |
PT (1) | PT87802B (zh) |
ZA (1) | ZA884545B (zh) |
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- 1988-06-22 DK DK343288A patent/DK343288A/da not_active Application Discontinuation
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- 1988-06-23 FI FI883046A patent/FI101378B1/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-06-23 NO NO882784A patent/NO178928C/no not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-06-23 HU HU883188A patent/HU201333B/hu not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-06-24 JP JP63155058A patent/JP2728437B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-06-24 ZA ZA884545A patent/ZA884545B/xx unknown
- 1988-06-24 CN CN88104543A patent/CN1022839C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-06-24 KR KR1019880007673A patent/KR970011005B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
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1990
- 1990-11-28 US US07/619,153 patent/US5284644A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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1996
- 1996-11-06 GR GR960402911T patent/GR3021537T3/el unknown
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1998
- 1998-06-13 HK HK98105268A patent/HK1006168A1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
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